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Son S, Park M, Jang KS, Lee JY, Wu Z, Natsagdorj A, Kim YH, Kim S. Comparative analysis of organic chemical compositions in airborne particulate matter from Ulaanbaatar, Beijing, and Seoul using UPLC-FT-ICR-MS and artificial neural network. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:165917. [PMID: 37527716 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents comparative study on the composition and sources of PM2.5 in Ulaanbaatar, Beijing, and Seoul. Ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (UHR-MS) were employed to analyze 85 samples collected in winter. The obtained 340 spectra were interpreted with artificial neural network (ANN). PM2.5 mass concentrations in Ulaanbaatar were significantly higher than those in Beijing and Seoul. ANN based interpretation of UPLC UHR-MS data showed that aliphatic/lipid derived organo‑sulfur compounds, polycyclic aromatic and organo‑oxygen compounds were characteristic to Ulaanbaatar. Whereas, aliphatic/lipid-derived organo‑oxygen compounds were major components in Beijing and Seoul. Aromatic organo‑nitrogen compounds were the main contributors to differentiating the spectra obtained from Beijing from the other cities. Based on two-dimensional gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometric (GCxGC/HRMS) data, it was determined that the concentrations of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycle (PASH) containing sulfur were highest in Ulaanbaatar, followed by Beijing and Seoul. Coal/biomass combustion was identified as the primary source of contamination in Ulaanbaatar, while petroleum combustion was the main contributor to PM2.5 in Beijing and Seoul. The conclusion that diesel-powered heavy-duty trucks and buses are the main contributors to NOx emissions in Beijing is consistent with previous reports. This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the composition and sources of PM2.5 in the three cities, with a focus on the differences in their atmospheric pollution profiles based on the UPLC UHR-MS and ANN analysis. It is notable that this study is the first to utilize this method on a large-scale sample set, providing a more detailed and molecular-level understanding of the compositional differences among PM2.5. Overall, the study contributes to a better understanding of the sources and composition of PM2.5 in Northeast Asia, which is essential for developing effective strategies to reduce air pollution and improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Son
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonhee Park
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea; Department of Bio-Analytical Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yi Lee
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhijun Wu
- State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Amgalan Natsagdorj
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Luță EA, Biță A, Moroșan A, Mihaiescu DE, Mihai DP, Popescu L, Bejenaru LE, Bejenaru C, Popovici V, Olaru OT, Gîrd CE. Implications of the Cultivation of Rosemary and Thyme ( Lamiaceae) in Plant Communities for the Development of Antioxidant Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11670. [PMID: 37511428 PMCID: PMC10380601 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the most critical factor in multiple functional disorders' development, and natural antioxidants could protect the human body against it. Our study aims to investigate the polyphenol content of four extracts of two medicinal plants (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Thymus vulgaris L.) and analyze the correlation with their antioxidant activity. The research was carried out on extracts of rosemary and thyme obtained from species cultivated together in plant communities. Both were compared with extracts from species cultivated in individual crops (control crops). Their polyphenols were determined by spectrophotometric methods (dosage of flavones, phenol carboxylic acids, and total polyphenols) and chromatography (UHPLC-MS and FT-ICR MS). Triterpenic acids were also quantified, having a higher concentration in the thyme extract from the culture. The antioxidant activity of the dry extracts was evaluated in vitro (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) and in silico (prediction of interactions with BACH1/BACH2 transcription factors). The concentrations of polyphenols are higher in the extracts obtained from the sources collected from the common crops. These observations were also validated following the chromatographic analysis for some compounds. Statistically significant differences in the increase in the antioxidant effect were observed for the extracts from the common batches compared to those from the individual ones. Following the Pearson analysis, the IC50 values for each plant extract were strongly correlated with the concentration of active phytoconstituents. Molecular docking studies revealed that quercetin could bind to BTB domains of BACH1 and BACH2 transcription factors, likely translating into increased antioxidant enzyme expression. Future studies must validate the in silico findings and further investigate phytosociological cultivation's effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela-Alice Luță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Biță
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Moroșan
- Department of Organic Chemistry "Costin Nenițescu", Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University of Politehnica, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Eduard Mihaiescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry "Costin Nenițescu", Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University of Politehnica, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoș Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Popescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ludovic Everard Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Cornelia Bejenaru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Violeta Popovici
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 7 Ilarie Voronca Street, 900684 Constanta, Romania
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Carol Davila", Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Lee S, Alam MB, Lee SH, Jung MJ, Shim WJ, Kim S. Identification and quantification of photodegradation products of disposed expanded polystyrene buoy used in aquaculture. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:114998. [PMID: 37156125 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the chemicals extracted from an EPS buoy used in aquaculture, which were subsequently collected from a recycling center. It was observed that the chemicals generated upon photodegradation make disposed buoys more toxic. Analysis of the extracted chemicals revealed the presence of 37 compounds, with four compounds quantitatively determined. Further analysis showed that the quantity of compounds dissolved in seawater was significantly higher than the amount remaining on the buoy surface. Based on the assumption that the buoy was exposed to sunlight for a year, it was estimated that 14.44 mg of the four compounds dissolved into the ocean. Given that South Korea used over 7 million EPS buoys, photodegraded EPS buoys are expected to represent a significant source of potentially hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Bio-Chemical Analysis Team, Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Badrul Alam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, Inner Beauty/Antiaging Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Food and Bio-Industry Research Institute, Inner Beauty/Antiaging Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Shim
- Ecological Risk Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea; Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Converging Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Acter T, Lee S, Uddin N, Mow KM, Kim S. Characterization of petroleum‐related natural organic matter by ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Science Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Kamarum Monira Mow
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
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Luță EA, Biță A, Moroșan A, Mihaiescu DE, Ghica M, Mihai DP, Olaru OT, Deculescu-Ioniță T, Duțu LE, Popescu ML, Costea L, Nitulescu GM, Lupuliasa D, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE. The Influence of Phytosociological Cultivation and Fertilization on Polyphenolic Content of Menthae and Melissae folium and Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties through In Vitro and In Silico Methods. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2398. [PMID: 36145799 PMCID: PMC9504945 DOI: 10.3390/plants11182398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Since medicinal plants are widely used in treating various diseases, phytoconstituents enrichment strategies are of high interest for plant growers. First of all, we investigated the impact of phytosociological cultivation on polyphenolic content (total flavonoids-TFL, and total polyphenols-TPC) of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) leaves, using spectrophotometric methods. Secondly, the influence of chemical (NPK) and organic (BIO) fertilization on polyphenolic content and plant material quality was also assessed. Dry extracts were obtained from harvested leaves using hydroethanolic extraction solvents for further qualitative and quantitative assessment of phytoconstituents by FT-ICR MS and UHPLC-MS. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of leaf extracts was determined in vitro using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Molecular docking simulations were employed to further evaluate the antioxidant potential of obtained extracts, predicting the interactions of identified phytochemicals with sirtuins. The concentration of polyphenols was higher in the plant material harvested from the phytosociological culture. Moreover, the use of BIO fertilizer led to the biosynthesis of a higher content of polyphenols. Higher amounts of phytochemicals, such as caffeic acid, were determined in extracts obtained from phytosociological crops. The antioxidant activity was dependent on polyphenols concentration, more potent inhibition values being observed for the extracts obtained from the phytosociological batches. Molecular docking studies and MM/PBSA calculations revealed that the obtained extracts have the potential to directly activate sirtuins 1, 5 and 6 through several polyphenolic compounds, such as rosmarinic acid, thus complementing the free radical scavenging activity with the potential stimulation of endogenous antioxidant defense mechanisms. In conclusion, growing medicinal plants in phytosociological cultures treated with biofertilizers can have a positive impact on plant material quality, concentration in active constituents and biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Alice Luță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Biță
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Alina Moroșan
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Nenițescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University of Politehnica, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Eduard Mihaiescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Nenițescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University of Politehnica, Gheorghe Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manuela Ghica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragoș Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodora Deculescu-Ioniță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ligia Elena Duțu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Lidia Popescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Costea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Solihat NN, Son S, Williams EK, Ricker MC, Plante AF, Kim S. Assessment of artificial neural network to identify compositional differences in ultrahigh-resolution mass spectra acquired from coal mine affected soils. Talanta 2022; 248:123623. [PMID: 35660996 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the applicability of artificial neural networks (ANNs) as a tool to identify compounds contributing to compositional differences in coal-contaminated soils. An artificial neural network model was constructed from laser desorption ionization ultrahigh-resolution mass spectra obtained from coal contaminated soils. A good correlation (R2 = 1.00 for model and R2 = 0.99 for test) was observed between the measured and predicted values, thus validating the constructed model. To identify chemicals contributing to the coal contents of the soils, the weight values of the constructed model were evaluated. Condensed hydrocarbon and low oxygen containing compounds were found to have larger weight values and hence they were the main contributors to the coal contents of soils. In contrast, compounds identified as lignin did not contribute to the coal contents of soils. These findings were consistent with the conventional knowledge on coal and results from the conventional partial least square method. Therefore, we concluded that the weight interpretation following ANN analysis presented herein can be used to identify compounds that contribute to the compositional differences of natural organic matter (NOM) samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Research Center for Biomaterials, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16911, Indonesia
| | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Improved coverage of plant metabolites using powder laser desorption/ionization coupled with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 373:131541. [PMID: 34810014 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effectiveness of powder laser desorption/ionization (LDI) coupled with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was evaluated for the improved coverage of plant metabolites. Ground plant (powder) was fixed on a metal plate using double-sided tape. Compared with the conventional approach involving liquid extraction, which is followed by electrospray ionization MS analysis, a smaller amount of sample (∼200 µg) was required in the proposed method. Additionally, the laborious steps of liquid extraction, concentration, and solid-phase extraction were avoided. Employing the proposed method in Centella asiatica leaves analysis, higher number of reproducible molecular formulas (>5000) and metabolites (>650) were obtained than the conventional methods. Flavonoids, phenolic acids, xanthones, lipids, carbohydrates, terpenoids, and alkaloids compounds were detected from leaves, stems, and roots of C. asiatica. This study indicates that LDI FT-ICR MS is a quick and effective tool for enhanced plant metabolite profiling in the solid phase.
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Kim S, Kim D, Jung MJ, Kim S. Analysis of environmental organic matters by Ultrahigh-Resolution mass spectrometry-A review on the development of analytical methods. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:352-369. [PMID: 33491249 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing environmental and climate changes globally, there is an increasing interest in the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures, that is, the pursuit of complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions and related chemical reactions. Environmental organic molecule mixtures, including those in air, soil, rivers, and oceans, have extremely complex and heterogeneous chemical compositions. For their analyses, ultrahigh-resolution and sub-ppb level mass accuracy, achievable using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are important. FT-ICR MS has been successfully used to analyze complex environmental organic molecule mixtures such as natural, soil, particulate, and dissolved organic matter. Despite its success, many limitations still need to be overcome. Sample preparation, ionization, structural identification, chromatographic separation, and data interpretation are some key areas that have been the focus of numerous studies. This review describes key developments in analytical techniques in these areas to aid researchers seeking to start or continue investigations for the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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Cho E, Acter T, Uddin N, Kim S. Analysis of coffee bean with laser desorption ionization high‐resolution mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Science Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu South Korea
- Green Nano Materials Research Center Daegu South Korea
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Kim D, Kim S, Yim UH, Ha SY, An JG, Loh A, Kim S. Determination of anthropogenic organics in dichlomethane extracts of aerosol particulate matter collected from four different locations in China and Republic of Korea by GC-MS and FTICR-MS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 805:150230. [PMID: 34536876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the hypothesis that particulate matter in east of Korea peninsula would be significantly influenced by particulate matter originated from east of China was evaluated. To test the hypothesis, water-insoluble compounds in particulate matter samples collected from three different locations in Korea and one in China were characterized by atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Each sample was collected twice, in winter and in spring. The GC-MS data revealed the presence of high levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), such as benzo[a]anthracene in the samples from Tianjin, China. The sample collected in the winter from Baengnyeong Island, which is the location in Korea that is geographically closest to the east coast of China was also rich in aromatic compounds. Meanwhile, the APPI FTICR-MS data showed that polycondensed PAHs and two- to four-ring PAHs with long alkyl chains were abundant in the winter samples from Tianjin and Baengnyeong Island which stems most likely from coal combustion in the eastern China. In contrast, nonaromatic compounds with a biogenic origin were mostly observed in samples collected from islands located in eastern (Ulleung Island) and southern (Jeju Island) Korea. A principal component analysis by FTICR-MS and GC-MS also showed that the samples from Tianjin and those collected from Baengnyeong Island in the winter are strongly associated with coal combustion, whereas the other samples are mainly influenced by vehicle emissions. Therefore, it is concluded that the atmosphere from east of China has significant influence over atmosphere in west of Korea peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Ha
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Geon An
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Andrew Loh
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Cho E, Solihat NN, Kim YH, Kim S. Comprehensive Lists of Internal Calibrants for Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Crude Oil and Natural Organic Matter and Their Preparation Recipes. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:590-596. [PMID: 33426888 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.0c00456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, comprehensive lists of internal calibrants for accurate mass determination of molecules in crude oils, natural organic matter, and soil as well as their preparation recipes are presented. The lists include various sets of chemicals for positive- and negative-ion mode electrospray ionization, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, atmospheric pressure photoionization, and laser desorption ionization. The chemicals were chosen based on their solvent compatibility, ionization efficiency, and accessibility. The sample preparation process was optimized for each ionization method and type of sample. The lists include detailed information on preparation solvent, concentrations, and mixing ratios of sample and calibrants. Internal calibration using the information in the lists results in successful calibration, and all the data presented in this study show root-mean-square errors between the theoretical and obtained m/z numbers of less than 0.4 ppm. The information presented in this study provides an important guideline for researchers working on complex mixtures with ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do 28119, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Kim MS, Kim HS, Choe YK, Cho SG, Goh EM, Kim J. Characterization of RDX and HMX explosive adduct ions using ESI FT-ICR MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 56:e4632. [PMID: 32767485 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of two common explosives such as cyclonite (RDX) and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) using a mass spectrometer with ultrahigh resolution and accuracy has not been comprehensively performed. Here, ultrahigh mass accuracy 15-T Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) spectra were utilized to comprehensively characterize the adduct ions of RDX and HMX. Two different ionization sources such as a conventional electrospray ionization (ESI) source and a chip-based static nano-ESI source were used to investigate the adduct ions of RDX and HMX. The ESI-MS analyses of two explosives in negative ion mode provide some adduct ions of RDX and HMX even without prior addition of their corresponding anions. A total of six types of adduct ion were characterized: [M + Cl]- , [M + HCOO]- , [M + NO2 ]- , [M + CH3 COO]- , [M + NO3 ]- , and [M + C3 H5 O3 ]- , where M is either RDX or HMX. The ultrahigh accuracy of the 15-T FT-ICR MS was utilized to distinguish two closely spaced peaks representing the monoisotopic [M + NO2 ]- and second isotopic [M + HCOO]- ions, thereby enabling the discovery of a [M + NO2 ]- adduct ion in the ESI analysis of RDX or HMX. [M + NO2 ]- and [M + CH3 COO]- adduct ions were only observed when using a static nano-ESI source. It is the first report explaining the discovery of [M + NO2 ]- adduct ion in the ESI-MS analyses of RDX and HMX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyeon Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-Eup, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sik Kim
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Ochang-Eup, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungcheongbuk-Do, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoong-Kee Choe
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Soo Gyeong Cho
- Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mee Goh
- Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, 34186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongkwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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13
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Islam S, Alam MB, Ahmed A, Lee S, Lee SH, Kim S. Identification of secondary metabolites in Averrhoa carambola L. bark by high-resolution mass spectrometry and evaluation for α-glucosidase, tyrosinase, elastase, and antioxidant potential. Food Chem 2020; 332:127377. [PMID: 32619942 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, paper spray ionization (PSI) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry has been used to identify secondary metabolites from ethanol extracts of Averrhoa carambola L. bark (ABE). Various phytoconstituents including phenolic acids, flavonoids, xanthones and terpenoids were identified from the bark. ABE shows potential antioxidant activity as well as markedly inhibited α-glucosidase, elastase, and tyrosinase enzyme activities in a concentration-dependent fashion, respectively. ABE significantly inhibited α-glucosidase at lower concentration (IC50: 7.15 ± 0.06 μg/mL). Identified compounds were tested to understand the biological activity of ABE. Experimental results suggest that norathyriol, one of the identified compounds, has significant α-glucosidase (IC50: 0.81 ± 0.01 μg/mL) inhibition and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (IC50: 4.90 ± 0.09 μg/mL). At a dose of 100 mg/kg, ABE significantly decreased the postprandial blood glucose level in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). This study shows that carambola bark can be a potential source of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syful Islam
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Environment, Munshiganj District Office, Munshiganj 1500, Bangladesh
| | - Md Badrul Alam
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Han Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Mass Spectrometry Converging Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Son S, Kim S, Yim YH, Kim S. Reproducibility of Crude Oil Spectra Obtained with Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:9465-9471. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Son
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Hyeon Yim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong-Ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center & Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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15
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Cho Y, Abed HN, Kim S. Molecular Level Investigation of Oil Sludge at the Bottom of Oil Tank in Ratawi Oil Field by Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionization Ultrahigh‐resolution Mass Spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research InstituteKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Hasanain Najm Abed
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
- Research and Development DepartmentOil Pipelines Company Baghdad 12 009 Iraq
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research InstituteKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
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16
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Gavard R, Jones HE, Palacio Lozano DC, Thomas MJ, Rossell D, Spencer SEF, Barrow MP. KairosMS: A New Solution for the Processing of Hyphenated Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry Data. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3775-3786. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Remy Gavard
- MAS CDT, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Hugh E. Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mary J. Thomas
- MAS CDT, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - David Rossell
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Department of Economics & Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona 08005, Spain
| | - Simon E. F. Spencer
- Department of Statistics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P. Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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17
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Acter T, Solihat NN, Kim S, Uddin N, Mustafa AI, Shamsuddin SM, Kim S. Application of silver-assisted laser desorption ionization ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry for the speciation of sulfur compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 412:243-255. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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18
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Kim D, Jung JH, Ha SY, An JG, Shankar R, Kwon JH, Yim UH, Kim SH. Molecular level determination of water accommodated fraction with embryonic developmental toxicity generated by photooxidation of spilled oil. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 237:124346. [PMID: 31376702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, developmental toxicity was increased as the oil was further degraded under natural sunlight. Detailed chemical composition of the degraded oils was examined by use of gas chromatography (GC) and (-) electrospray ionization ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (UHR-MS). Baseline toxicities were estimated based on chemical activities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and it was obvious that the predicted chemical activities can not explain increased toxicity alone. However, the ultrahigh resolution mass spectral abundance of polar compounds including O3 and O4 class compounds was significantly increased as the photodegradation proceeded. Further examination of double bond equivalence values of the compounds showed that polar compounds with both non-aromatic and aromatic polar structures were increased. Statistical analysis indicates that the increased toxicity can be well explained by the increased polar compounds. Therefore, the oxygenated compounds identified in this study can play an important role in toxicity of degraded oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Analytical Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee-Hyun Jung
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea; Marine Environmental Science Major, Korea University of Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Ha
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Geon An
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Ravi Shankar
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea; Marine Environmental Science Major, Korea University of Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Kwon
- Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea; Marine Environmental Science Major, Korea University of Science and Technology, Geoje, 53201, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Cho E, Riches E, Palmer M, Giles K, Ujma J, Kim S. Isolation of Crude Oil Peaks Differing by m/z ∼0.1 via Tandem Mass Spectrometry Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14268-14274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eleanor Riches
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Palmer
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Giles
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Jakub Ujma
- Waters Corporation, Stamford Avenue, Altrincham Road, Wilmslow SK9 4AX, United Kingdom
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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20
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Solihat NN, Yustiawati, Kim S, Kim S. Elucidating molecular level impact of peat fire on soil organic matter by laser desorption ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7303-7313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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21
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Cho E, Park M, Hur M, Kang G, Kim YH, Kim S. Molecular-level investigation of soils contaminated by oil spilled during the Gulf War. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:271-277. [PMID: 30925386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, molecular-level chemical compositions of soils contaminated by oil spilled during the Gulf War were studied. Two soil samples, respectively collected at 0.1 m and between 0.5 and 1 m below the surface from an oil spill site, were extracted with organic solvents and water. The extracts were analyzed via ultrahigh resolution FT-ICR and two-dimensional gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. The data showed that the spilled oil was significantly affected by vaporization due to high surface temperatures in the desert. The data obtained with (+) atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) and (-) electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled with ultrahigh resolution-mass spectrometry (UHR-MS) indicated that the degradation of aromatic compounds and increase in oxygen-containing classes occurred in the following order: surface soil > below surface soil > crude oil. The oxygenated compounds were confirmed by principal component analysis. The score and loading plots of Ox and SOx showed that they were the major contributors to differentiate the samples. However, a comparison with previously reported oceanic oil spills showed that less significant degradation occurred even after almost 30 years. Our data can provide an information basis for designing a strategy for clean-up and restoration efforts of Gulf War oil spills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonhee Park
- Biomedical Omics Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-ro, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Manhoi Hur
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, and Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92506, United States
| | - Guyoung Kang
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 81 Oedae-ro, Mohyeon-eup, Cheoin-gu 17035, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Biomedical Omics Group, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-ro, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 28119, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Green-Nano Materials Research Center, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Kim D, Kim S, Son S, Jung MJ, Kim S. Application of Online Liquid Chromatography 7 T FT-ICR Mass Spectrometer Equipped with Quadrupolar Detection for Analysis of Natural Organic Matter. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7690-7697. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Analytical Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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23
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Lim D, Davidson KL, Son S, Ahmed A, Bush MF, Kim S. Determining Collision Cross‐Sections of Aromatic Compounds in Crude Oil by Using Aromatic Compound Mixture as Calibration Standard. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongwan Lim
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Seungwoo Son
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew F. Bush
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Washington Seattle WA, 98195‐1700 USA
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of ChemistryKyungpook National University Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center Daegu 41566 Republic of Korea
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24
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Solihat NN, Acter T, Kim D, Plante AF, Kim S. Analyzing Solid-Phase Natural Organic Matter Using Laser Desorption Ionization Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 91:951-957. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nissa Nurfajrin Solihat
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Alain F. Plante
- University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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25
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Kostyukevich Y, Acter T, Zherebker A, Ahmed A, Kim S, Nikolaev E. Hydrogen/deuterium exchange in mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:811-853. [PMID: 29603316 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The isotopic exchange approach is in use since the first observation of such reactions in 1933 by Lewis. This approach allows the investigation of the pathways of chemical and biochemical reactions, determination of structure, composition, and conformation of molecules. Mass spectrometry has now become one of the most important analytical tools for the monitoring of the isotopic exchange reactions. Investigation of conformational dynamics of proteins, quantitative measurements, obtaining chemical, and structural information about individual compounds of the complex natural mixtures are mainly based on the use of isotope exchange in combination with high resolution mass spectrometry. The most important reaction is the Hydrogen/Deuterium exchange, which is mainly performed in the solution. Recently we have developed the approach allowing performing of the Hydrogen/Deuterium reaction on-line directly in the ionization source under atmospheric pressure. Such approach simplifies the sample preparation and can accelerate the exchange reaction so that certain hydrogens that are considered as non-labile will also participate in the exchange. The use of in-ionization source H/D exchange in modern mass spectrometry for structural elucidation of molecules serves as the basic theme in this review. We will focus on the mechanisms of the isotopic exchange reactions and on the application of in-ESI, in-APCI, and in-APPI source Hydrogen/Deuterium exchange for the investigation of petroleum, natural organic matter, oligosaccharides, and proteins including protein-protein complexes. The simple scenario for adaptation of H/D exchange reactions into mass spectrometric method is also highlighted along with a couple of examples collected from previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Kostyukevich
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation
- Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexander Zherebker
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation
- Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Green Nano Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene Nikolaev
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Skolkovo, Russian Federation
- Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region, Russia
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26
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Kim D, Ha SY, An JG, Cha S, Yim UH, Kim S. Estimating degree of degradation of spilled oils based on relative abundance of aromatic compounds observed by paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2018; 359:421-428. [PMID: 30056364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) was applied for the first time to study temporal change of photo-oxidized and weathered oils subjected to degradation. PSI is chosen in this study because it is an optimal ionization technique for the analysis of degraded oils with limited sample quantity and prone to salt and particulate contamination. With PSI-MS, quantitative analysis of oils can be successfully performed with as little as 2 μg of oil sample. In addition, oil solutions containing up to 0.05% sodium chloride were successfully analyzed with PSI-MS. In the PSI-MS spectra of photo-degraded oils, the relative abundance of compounds having double equivalence value (DBE) ≥ 5 increased but those with DBE < 5 decreased in number. The summed abundance ratio of compounds having DBE < 5 and DBE ≥ 5 showed a negative exponential correlation with the duration of UV exposure in laboratory experiments. The same trend was observed from spilled oils obtained from the environment. Therefore, this ratio serves as an effective means to estimate the degree of weathering in spilled oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yong Ha
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Geon An
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwon Cha
- Department of Chemistry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin 17035, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Kim D, Lee J, Kim B, Kim S. Optimization and Application of Paper-Based Spray Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Analysis of Natural Organic Matter. Anal Chem 2018; 90:12027-12034. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhee Lee
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Division of Chemical & Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungjoo Kim
- Center for Analytical Chemistry, Division of Chemical & Medical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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28
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Acter T, Lee S, Cho E, Jung MJ, Kim S. Design and Validation of In-Source Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry with Continuous Feeding of D 2O. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:85-94. [PMID: 29080204 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, continuous in-source hydrogen/deuterium exchange (HDX) atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) mass spectrometry (MS) with continuous feeding of D2O was developed and validated. D2O was continuously fed using a capillary line placed on the center of a metal plate positioned between the UV lamp and nebulizer. The proposed system overcomes the limitations of previously reported APPI HDX-MS approaches where deuterated solvents were premixed with sample solutions before ionization. This is particularly important for APPI because solvent composition can greatly influence ionization efficiency as well as the solubility of analytes. The experimental parameters for APPI HDX-MS with continuous feeding of D2O were optimized, and the optimized conditions were applied for the analysis of nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-containing compounds. The developed method was also applied for the analysis of the polar fraction of a petroleum sample. Thus, the data presented in this study clearly show that the proposed HDX approach can serve as an effective analytical tool for the structural analysis of complex mixtures. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Green Nano Center, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Cho E, Witt M, Hur M, Jung MJ, Kim S. Application of FT-ICR MS Equipped with Quadrupole Detection for Analysis of Crude Oil. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12101-12107. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthias Witt
- Bruker Daltonik
GmbH, Fahrenheitrasse 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Manhoi Hur
- Department
of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Center
for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department
of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials
Research Center, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Gavard R, Rossell D, Spencer SEF, Barrow MP. Themis: Batch Preprocessing for Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectra of Complex Mixtures. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11383-11390. [PMID: 28985049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry affords the resolving power to determine an unprecedented number of components in complex mixtures, such as petroleum. The software tools required to also analyze these data struggle to keep pace with advancing instrument capabilities and increasing quantities of data, particularly in terms of combining information efficiently across multiple replicates. Improved confidence in data and the use of replicates is particularly important where strategic decisions will be based upon the analysis. We present a new algorithm named Themis, developed using R, to jointly preprocess replicate measurements of a sample with the aim of improving consistency as a preliminary step to assigning peaks to chemical compositions. The main features of the algorithm are quality control criteria to detect failed runs, ensuring comparable magnitudes across replicates, peak alignment, and the use of an adaptive mixture model-based strategy to help distinguish true peaks from noise. The algorithm outputs a list of peaks reliably observed across replicates and facilitates data handling by preprocessing all replicates in a single step. The processed data produced by our algorithm can subsequently be analyzed by use of relevant specialized software. While Themis has been demonstrated with petroleum as an example of a complex mixture, its basic framework will be useful for complex samples arising from a variety of other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Rossell
- Department of Economics & Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona 08005, Spain
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31
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Acter T, Kim D, Ahmed A, Ha JH, Kim S. Application of Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization H/D-exchange Mass Spectrometry for Speciation of Sulfur-containing Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:1687-1695. [PMID: 28488200 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the observation of atmospheric pressure in-source hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) of thiol group for the first time. The HDX for thiol group was optimized for positive atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) mass spectrometry (MS). The optimized HDX-MS was applied for 31 model compounds (thiols, thiophenes, and sulfides) to demonstrate that exchanged peaks were observed only for thiols. The optimized method has been successfully applied to the isolated fractions of sulfur-rich oil samples. The exchange of one and two thiol hydrogens with deuterium was observed in the thiol fraction; no HDX was observed in the other fractions. Thus, the results presented in this study demonstrate that the HDX-MS method using APPI ionization source can be effective for speciation of sulfur compounds. This method has the potential to be used to access corrosion problems caused by thiol-containing compounds. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyoung Ha
- World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Green Nano Center, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Rüger CP, Schwemer T, Sklorz M, O'Connor PB, Barrow MP, Zimmermann R. Comprehensive chemical comparison of fuel composition and aerosol particles emitted from a ship diesel engine by gas chromatography atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry with improved data processing routines. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2017; 23:28-39. [PMID: 28657450 DOI: 10.1177/1469066717694286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of petrochemical materials and particulate matter originating from combustion sources remains a challenging task for instrumental analytical techniques. A detailed chemical characterisation is essential for addressing health and environmental effects. Sophisticated instrumentation, such as mass spectrometry coupled with chromatographic separation, is capable of a comprehensive characterisation, but needs advanced data processing methods. In this study, we present an improved data processing routine for the mass chromatogram obtained from gas chromatography hyphenated to atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation and ultra high resolution mass spectrometry. The focus of the investigation was the primary combustion aerosol samples, i.e. particulate matter extracts, as well as the corresponding fossil fuels fed to the engine. We demonstrate that utilisation of the entire transient and chromatographic information results in advantages including minimisation of ionisation artefacts and a reliable peak assignment. A comprehensive comparison of the aerosol and the feed fuel was performed by applying intensity weighted average values, compound class distribution and principle component analysis. Certain differences between the aerosol generated with the two feed fuels, diesel fuel and heavy fuel oil, as well as between the aerosol and the feed were revealed. For the aerosol from heavy fuel oil, oxidised species from the CHN and CHS class precursors of the feed were predominant, whereas the CHOx class is predominant in the combustion aerosol from light fuel oil. Furthermore, the complexity of the aerosol increases significantly compared to the feed and incorporating a higher chemical space. Coupling of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation to gas chromatography was found to be a useful additional approach for characterisation of a combustion aerosol, especially with an automated utilisation of the information from the ultra-high resolution mass spectrometer and the chromatographic separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Rüger
- 1 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Theo Schwemer
- 1 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- 3 HICE - Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health - Aerosols and Health
| | - Martin Sklorz
- 1 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- 4 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Mark P Barrow
- 2 Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Ralf Zimmermann
- 1 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Chair of Analytical Chemistry, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
- 3 HICE - Helmholtz Virtual Institute of Complex Molecular Systems in Environmental Health - Aerosols and Health
- 4 Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre/Cooperation Group Comprehensive Molecular Analytics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
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Islam A, Ahmed A, Hur M, Thorn K, Kim S. Molecular-level evidence provided by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry for oil-derived doc in groundwater at Bemidji, Minnesota. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 320:123-132. [PMID: 27526278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter samples extracted from ground water at the USGS Bemidji oil spill site in Minnesota were investigated by ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. Principle component analysis (PCA) of the elemental composition assignments of the samples showed that the score plots for the contaminated sites were well separated from those for the uncontaminated sites. Additionally, spectra obtained from the same sampling site 7 and 19 years after the spill were grouped together in the score plot, strongly suggesting a steady state of contamination within the 12year interval. The double bond equivalence (DBE) of Ox class compounds was broader for the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the complex nature of oil and the consequent formation of compounds with saturated and/or aromatic structures from the oxygenated products of oil. In addition, Ox class compounds with a relatively smaller number of x (x<8; x=number of oxygen) and OxS1 class compounds were more abundant in the samples from the contaminated sites, because of the lower oxygen and higher sulfur contents of the oil compared to humic substances. The molecular-level signatures presented here can be a fundamental basis for in-depth analysis of oil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananna Islam
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Manhoi Hur
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; Center for Metabolic Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Kevin Thorn
- Water Mission Area, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, CO 80225, USA
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Green Nano Center, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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35
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Acter T, Kim D, Ahmed A, Jin JM, Yim UH, Shim WJ, Kim YH, Kim S. Optimization and application of atmospheric pressure chemical and photoionization hydrogen–deuterium exchange mass spectrometry for speciation of oxygen-containing compounds. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:3281-93. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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36
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Islam A, Kim D, Yim UH, Shim WJ, Kim S. Structure-dependent degradation of polar compounds in weathered oils observed by atmospheric pressure photo-ionization hydrogen/deuterium exchange ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 296:93-100. [PMID: 25913675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The resin fractions of fresh mixtures of three oils spilled during the M/V Hebei Spirit oil spill, as well as weathered oils collected at weathering stages II and IV from the oil spill site were analyzed and compared by atmospheric pressure photo-ionization hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX MS). The significantly decreased abundance of N(+) and [N-H+D](+) ions suggested that secondary and tertiary amine-containing compounds were preferentially degraded during the early stage of weathering. [N+H](+) and [N+D](+) ions previously attributed to pyridine-type compounds degraded more slowly than secondary and tertiary amine-containing compounds. The preferential degradation of nitrogen-containing compounds was confirmed by photo-degradation experiments using 15 standard compounds. In addition, significant increases of [S1O1+H](+) and [S1O1+D](+) ions with higher DBE values were observed from fresh oil mixtures as compared to stages II and IV samples, and that could be linked with the decrease of higher DBE compounds of the S1 class. This study presented convincing arguments and evidence demonstrating that secondary and tertiary amines were more vulnerable to photo-degradation than compounds containing pyridine, and hence, preferential degradation depending on chemical structures must be considered in the production of hazardous or toxic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananna Islam
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Un Hyuk Yim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, KIOST, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Joon Shim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, KIOST, Geoje 656-834, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Green Nano Center, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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Acter T, Cho Y, Kim S, Ahmed A, Kim B, Kim S. Optimization and Application of APCI Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX MS) for the Speciation of Nitrogen Compounds. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1522-31. [PMID: 26115964 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1166-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A systematic study was performed to investigate the utility of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (APCI HDX MS) to identify the structures of nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds. First, experiments were performed to determine the optimized experimental conditions, with dichloromethane and CH(3)OD found to be good cosolvents for APCI HDX. In addition, a positive correlation between the heated capillary temperature and the observed HDX signal was observed, and it was suggested that the HDX reaction occurred when molecules were contained in the solvent cluster. Second, 20 standard nitrogen-containing compounds were analyzed to investigate whether speciation could be determined based on the different types of ions produced from nitrogen-containing compounds with various functional groups. The number of exchanges occurring within the compounds correlated well with the number of active hydrogen atoms attached to nitrogen, and it was confirmed that APCI HDX MS could be used to determine speciation. The results obtained by APCI HDX MS were combined with the subsequent investigation of the double bond equivalence distribution and indicated that resins of shale oil extract contained mostly pyridine type nitrogen compounds. This study confirmed that APCI HDX MS can be added to previously reported chemical ionization, electrospray ionization, and atmospheric pressure photo ionization-based HDX methods, which can be used for structural elucidation by mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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Cho Y, Ahmed A, Islam A, Kim S. Developments in FT-ICR MS instrumentation, ionization techniques, and data interpretation methods for petroleomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2015; 34:248-263. [PMID: 24942384 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Because of the increasing importance of heavy and unconventional crude oil as an energy source, there is a growing need for petroleomics: the pursuit of more complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions of crude oil. Crude oil has an extremely complex nature; hence, techniques with ultra-high resolving capabilities, such as Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are necessary. FT-ICR MS has been successfully applied to the study of heavy and unconventional crude oils such as bitumen and shale oil. However, the analysis of crude oil with FT-ICR MS is not trivial, and it has pushed analysis to the limits of instrumental and methodological capabilities. For example, high-resolution mass spectra of crude oils may contain over 100,000 peaks that require interpretation. To visualize large data sets more effectively, data processing methods such as Kendrick mass defect analysis and statistical analyses have been developed. The successful application of FT-ICR MS to the study of crude oil has been critically dependent on key developments in FT-ICR MS instrumentation and data processing methods. This review offers an introduction to the basic principles, FT-ICR MS instrumentation development, ionization techniques, and data interpretation methods for petroleomics and is intended for readers having no prior experience in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
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Lee S, Cho Y, Kim S. Development and Application of a Software Tool for the Interpretation of Organic Mixtures' Spectra - Hydrogen Deuterium Exchange (STORM-HDX) to Interpret APPI HDX MS Spectra. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.3.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Cho Y, Qi Y, O'Connor PB, Barrow MP, Kim S. Application of phase correction to improve the interpretation of crude oil spectra obtained using 7 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2014; 25:154-157. [PMID: 24096877 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0747-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a phase-correction technique was applied to the study of crude oil spectra obtained using a 7 T Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). 7 T FT-ICR MS had not been widely used for oil analysis due to the lower resolving power compared with high field FT-ICR MS. For low field instruments, usage of data that has not been phase-corrected results in an inability to resolve critical mass splits of C3 and SH4 (3.4 mDa), and (13)C and CH (4.5 mDa). This results in incorrect assignments of molecular formulae, and discontinuous double bond equivalents (DBE) and carbon number distributions of S1, S2, and hydrocarbon classes are obtained. Application of phase correction to the same data, however, improves the reliability of assignments and produces continuous DBE and carbon number distributions. Therefore, this study clearly demonstrates that phase correction improves data analysis and the reliability of assignments of molecular formulae in crude oil anlayses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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41
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Islam A, Cho Y, Yim UH, Shim WJ, Kim YH, Kim S. The comparison of naturally weathered oil and artificially photo-degraded oil at the molecular level by a combination of SARA fractionation and FT-ICR MS. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 263 Pt 2:404-411. [PMID: 24231315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Two sets of oil samples, one obtained from different weathering stages of the M/V Hebei Spirit oil spill site and the other prepared by an in vitro photo-degradation experiment, were analyzed and compared at the molecular level by atmospheric pressure photo-ionization coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). For a more detailed comparison at the molecular level, the oil samples were separated into saturate, aromatic, resin, and asphaltene (SARA) fractions before MS analysis. Gravimetric analysis of the SARA fractions revealed a decreased weight percentage of the aromatic fraction and an increased resin fraction in both sets of samples. Molecular-level investigations of the SARA fractions showed a significant reduction in the S1 class in the saturate fraction and increase of S1O1 class compounds with high DBE values in resin fraction. Levels of N1 and N1O1 class compounds resulting in protonated ions (presumably basic nitrogen compounds) increased after degradation compared to compounds generating molecular ions (presumably non-basic nitrogen compounds). This study revealed changes occurring in heteroatom polar species of crude oils such as sulfur and nitrogen containing compounds that have not been easily detected with conventional GC based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananna Islam
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
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42
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Cho Y, Ahmed A, Kim S. Application of Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionization Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for the Molecular Level Speciation of Nitrogen Compounds in Heavy Crude Oils. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9758-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402157r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Arif Ahmed
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
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43
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Chemical profiles and hypoglycemic activities of mulberry leaf extracts vary with ethanol concentration. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0235-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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44
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Cho Y, Witt M, Kim YH, Kim S. Characterization of Crude Oils at the Molecular Level by Use of Laser Desorption Ionization Fourier-Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8587-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301615m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu,
702-701 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Young Hwan Kim
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 863-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu,
702-701 Republic of Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 702-701 Republic of Korea
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Cho Y, Kim YH, Kim S. Planar Limit-Assisted Structural Interpretation of Saturates/Aromatics/Resins/Asphaltenes Fractionated Crude Oil Compounds Observed by Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:6068-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ac2011685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunju Cho
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Division of Mass Spectrometry Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 863-883, Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Department of Chemistry, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, 702-701, Korea
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Bae E, Yeo IJ, Jeong B, Shin Y, Shin KH, Kim S. Study of Double Bond Equivalents and the Numbers of Carbon and Oxygen Atom Distribution of Dissolved Organic Matter with Negative-Mode FT-ICR MS. Anal Chem 2011; 83:4193-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac200464q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- EunJung Bae
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - In Joon Yeo
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Byungkwan Jeong
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo, Korea
| | - Yongsik Shin
- Department of Ocean System Engineering, Mokpo National Maritime University, Mokpo, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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47
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Hur M, Yeo I, Park E, Kim YH, Yoo J, Kim E, No MH, Koh J, Kim S. Combination of Statistical Methods and Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for More Comprehensive, Molecular-Level Interpretations of Petroleum Samples. Anal Chem 2009; 82:211-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901748c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manhoi Hur
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Injoon Yeo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eunsuk Park
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Young Hwan Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jongshin Yoo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Eunkyoung Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Myoung-han No
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jaesuk Koh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Seoul, Korea, Mass Spectrometry Group, Korean Basic Science Institute, Mass Spectrometry Team, Ochang, Korea, SK Energy Institute of Technology, Daejeon, Korea, and Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
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