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Younkin J, Gaitonde SA, Ellaithy A, Vekariya R, Baki L, Moreno JL, Shah S, Drossopoulos P, Hideshima KS, Eltit JM, González-Maeso J, Logothetis DE, Dukat M, Glennon RA. Reformulating a Pharmacophore for 5-HT2A Serotonin Receptor Antagonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1292-9. [PMID: 27385190 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Several pharmacophore models have been proposed for 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonists. These typically consist of two aromatic/hydrophobic moieties separated by a given distance from each other, and from a basic amine. Although specified distances might vary, the models are relatively similar in their general construction. Because our preliminary data indicated that two aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties might not be required for such action, we deconstructed the serotonin-dopamine antipsychotic agent risperidone (1) into four smaller structural fragments that were thoroughly examined in 5-HT2A receptor binding and functional (i.e., two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) and intracellular calcium release) assays. It was apparent that truncated risperidone analogues behaved as antagonists. In particular, 6-fluoro-3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)benzisoxazole (4) displayed high affinity for 5-HT2A receptors (Ki of ca. 12 nM) relative to risperidone (Ki of ca. 5 nM) and behaved as a potent 5-HT2A serotonin receptor antagonist. These results suggest that multiple aromatic (hydrophobic) moieties are not essential for high-affinity 5-HT2A receptor binding and antagonist activity and that current pharmacophore models for such agents are very much in need of revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Younkin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Supriya A. Gaitonde
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Amr Ellaithy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Rakesh Vekariya
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Lia Baki
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - José L. Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Sneha Shah
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Peter Drossopoulos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Kelsey S. Hideshima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Jose Miguel Eltit
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Javier González-Maeso
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Diomedes E. Logothetis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Malgorzata Dukat
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
| | - Richard A. Glennon
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics,
School of Medicine, and ‡Department of
Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, United States
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