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Román-Oyola R, Bundy A, Lane SJ, Bonilla-Rodríguez VE. Development of the Scale of Parental Playful Attitude During the Co-Occupation of Play. Am J Occup Ther 2024; 78:7804185140. [PMID: 38848283 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE There is a need for tools to measure adults' playfulness in reference to parent-child joint play. OBJECTIVE To (1) develop items for the Scale of Parental Playful Attitude (PaPA), (2) evaluate evidence for validity based on content, and (3) evaluate evidence for validity based on the response process. DESIGN A mixed-methods design with three phases: (1) development of the first draft of the PaPA (based on the literature, focus groups, and semistructured interviews), (2) review by experts and revision of the first draft, and (3) cognitive interviews with parents. SETTING Various (e.g., schools, a university). PARTICIPANTS Phase 1 had 32 participants: 13 parents of children ages 2.5-6 yr without major diagnosed conditions; 8 parents of autistic children age 4-7 yr; and 11 preschoolers age 3-5 yr. Phase 2 involved 10 experts. Phase 3 had 5 participants: 3 mothers and 2 fathers of children ages 2.5-6 yr; 1 child was autistic. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Interview protocols and experts' review form. RESULTS Phase 1 involved the initial item development. Extrinsic motivation and barriers to play emerged as important areas to include. Experts' review enhanced representation of the construct of playfulness. Content validity index values ranged from .78 to 1.00. Cognitive interviews provided insights into parents' comprehension of PaPA items. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Validity related to test content and the response process was supported. Additional sources of validity testing are necessary. Plain-Language Summary: Adult playfulness is critical for both the child and the parent, especially for developing a deeper connection. The Scale of Parental Playful Attitude (PaPA) assesses parents' self-perceptions of their playfulness when playing with their child. The study authors developed the PaPA (in both English and Spanish) to address a lack of tools for assessing how parents perceive their own playfulness relative to their child's playfulness. Understanding how parents perceive their own playful attitudes can create opportunities for occupational therapists to guide parents to approach play with an attitude that is as attuned as possible to their child's playfulness. Future validity studies are needed to support the clinical use of the PaPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Román-Oyola
- Rosa Román-Oyola, PhD, MEd, OTR/L, is Professor, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan;
| | - Anita Bundy
- Anita Bundy, ScD, OT/L, FAOTA, FOTARA, is Professor and Department Head, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins
| | - Shelly J Lane
- Shelly J. Lane, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Professor and Academic Program Director, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins
| | - Víctor E Bonilla-Rodríguez
- Víctor E. Bonilla-Rodríguez, PhD, is Professor, Educational Research and Evaluation Master's Program, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan
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Kuhaneck H, Bundy A, Fabrizi S, Lynch H, Moore A, Román-Oyola R, Stagnitti K, Waldman-Levi A. Play as Occupation: The State of Our Science and a Research Agenda for the Profession. Am J Occup Ther 2024; 78:7804185150. [PMID: 38861551 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2024.050824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Occupational therapists view play through a unique lens. Considering play as a human occupation, and one to which all people have a right, places occupational therapists among a special group of professionals championing play. This State of the Science article seeks to increase awareness regarding the occupational therapy profession's contributions and to situate those contributions within the larger body of literature on play while also promoting further study of play as an occupation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Kuhaneck
- Heather Kuhaneck, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Professor and Program Director, Occupational Therapy Program, Recreation, Tourism, and Sports Management Department, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven;
| | - Anita Bundy
- Anita Bundy, ScD, OT/L, FAOTA, FOTARA, is Professor and Department Head, Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Sarah Fabrizi
- Sarah Fabrizi, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers
| | - Helen Lynch
- Helen Lynch, PhD, MSc, Dip Montessori, Dip COT, is Co-Coordinator of P4Play and Senior Lecturer, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Alice Moore
- Alice Moore, PhD, MScOT, BSc(Hons.)OT, is Research and Impact Lead, The Crann Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rosa Román-Oyola
- Rosa Román-Oyola, PhD, MEd, OTR/L, is Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Program, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Karen Stagnitti
- Karen Stagnitti, PhD, BOccThy, GCHE, is Emeritus Professor, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amiya Waldman-Levi
- Amiya Waldman-Levi, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Clinical Associate Professor and Director of Scholarship and Research, Occupational Therapy Doctorate Program, Yeshiva University, New York
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Román-Oyola R, Bundy A, Castro E, Castrillo O, Morel KY, Molina-Martínez A, Montes-Burgos A, Rodríguez-Santiago A, Rosado-Torres D. Play and Mothers' Relationships With Children in the Context of Breast Cancer. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2023; 43:43-51. [PMID: 35506480 DOI: 10.1177/15394492221093996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This interpretative phenomenological study explored play experiences between mothers who had completed, or were receiving treatment for, breast cancer and their young children and disease-related factors influencing those experiences. Six Puerto Rican mothers who had young children at the time of their primary treatment were interviewed. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through constant comparative method. Two themes emerged: (a) "changes and challenges," which contextualized disease-related factors affecting the maternal role; and (b) "play and relationships with children" described play moments and how treatment affected these. Participants emphasized the benefits of playing and relating with their children while in treatment. Play as a co-occupation and an effective means to connect mothers with their children must be considered in the practice of occupational therapy. Future studies with more diverse samples of mothers at different stages of the disease are warranted to expand this exploratory work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anita Bundy
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Puerto Rico
| | - Eida Castro
- Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, Puerto Rico
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Waldman-Levi A, Bundy A, Shai D. Cognition Mediates Playfulness Development in Early Childhood: A Longitudinal Study of Typically Developing Children. Am J Occup Ther 2022; 76:23884. [PMID: 35947034 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2022.049120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Play, children's central occupation, and playfulness, its behavioral manifestation, are the foci of occupational therapy intervention. However, information about the development of playfulness behavior and the role of cognitive function is limited. OBJECTIVE To explore the development of playfulness and its relation to cognitive functioning from infancy to toddlerhood. DESIGN Longitudinal study with data collected at ages 6 mo, 18 mo, and 24 mo. SETTING Laboratory (age 6 mo) and home (ages 12 and 18 mo). PARTICIPANTS Eighty-six typically developing children drawn from a convenience sample of 109 low-risk families of middle to upper socioeconomic status. MEASURES The Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) to assess cognitive functioning and the Test of Playfulness (ToP) to assess children's playfulness. RESULTS ToP scores were significantly higher at age 24 mo than at age 6 mo, t(88) = -60.30, p < .001, 95% confidence interval (CI) [-1.47, -1.38]. Correlation analysis revealed that the more playful the infant was at age 6 mo, the higher their cognitive functioning was at age 18 mo and the more playful they were at age 24 mo. Toddlers with higher cognitive performance at age 18 mo demonstrated more playful behavior at age 24 mo (β = 0.120, SE = 0.05, 95% CI [0.0377, -0.2276]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Children's playfulness is evident as early as age 6 mo and continues to develop through toddlerhood, depending on their cognitive growth. Occupational therapists play a key role in working with families with young children, promoting cognitive development to further the development of playfulness behaviors. What This Article Adds: Understanding the development of playfulness and exploring its relationship with cognitive functioning in typically developing children fills important gaps in occupational therapy knowledge and contributes to delivery of early intervention, especially when cognition or playfulness are at risk. Our findings confirmed that cognitive functioning contributes to the development of playfulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amiya Waldman-Levi
- Amiya Waldman-Levi, PhD, OTR/L, is Clinical Associate Professor and Director of Scholarship and Research of Occupational Therapy, Katz School of Science and Health, Yeshiva University, New York, NY; . At the time this research was conducted, Waldman-Levi was Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Anita Bundy
- Anita Bundy, ScD, OT/L, FAOTA, FOTARA, is Professor and Department Head, Occupational Therapy Department, Colorado State University, Fort Collins
| | - Dana Shai
- Dana Shai, PhD, is Senior Lecturer and Founding Director, SEED Center, Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv, Israel
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João NSD, Sposito AMP, Scofield IR, Pfeifer LI. Knox Preschool Play Scale: a scoping review. CADERNOS BRASILEIROS DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/2526-8910.ctoar245432122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Introduction Playing is intrinsically related to child development. Through play assessment, health professionals, including occupational therapists, can obtain information about child development. The Knox Preschool Play Scale - revised (KPPS-r) is a standardized instrument that enables the effective assessment of the skills existing in preschoolers’ play behavior. Objective To examine the national and international scientific production on the KPPS-r. Method This is a scoping review of the literature utilizing the following research databases: Scopus, Lilacs, BDENF, Embase, Cochrane, Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Dedalus, BDTD, and PROQUEST; also Scielo, Google Scholar, and Capes Articles Website. The search strategy included the descriptors “Escala Lúdica Pré-escolar de Knox” OR “Knox Preschool Play Scale”. Results 51 studies published between 1983 and 2019 involving 1816 children were identified. The associated use of over 36 assessment instruments was identified, enabling knowledge about the strengths and weaknesses of the scale. The KPPSr is a valuable and reliable instrument both in clinical practice and in research. However, the lack of a manual or guidelines for its application is a weakness of this instrument. Conclusion This scoping review qualitatively analyzed the national and international literature addressing the KPPS, identifying gaps in scientific production and generating a broad panorama of data on the use, dissemination, and availability of this instrument, in addition to presenting an outline of the studies, their methodologies, and objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luzia Iara Pfeifer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil
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João NSD, Sposito AMP, Scofield IR, Pfeifer LI. Escala Lúdica Pré-Escolar de Knox: uma revisão de escopo. CADERNOS BRASILEIROS DE TERAPIA OCUPACIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/2526-8910.ctoar245432121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo Introdução O brincar é intrinsecamente relacionado ao desenvolvimento infantil. Através da avaliação do brincar, profissionais de saúde, incluindo terapeutas ocupacionais, podem obter informações sobre o desenvolvimento global da criança. A Escala Lúdica Pré-escolar de Knox – revisada (ELPKr) é um instrumento padronizado capaz de avaliar eficazmente as habilidades presentes no brincar de pré-escolares. Objetivo Examinar a produção científica nacional e internacional sobre a utilização da ELPKr. Método Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo da literatura, utilizando as seguintes bases de dados para busca: Scopus, Lilacs, BDENF, Embase, Cochrane, Medline, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Dedalus, BDTD, PROQUEST, além de Scielo, Google Scholar e Portal Capes de Periódicos. A estratégia de busca incluiu os descritores “Escala Lúdica Pré-escolar de Knox” OR “Knox Preschool Play Scale”. Resultados Foram identificados 51 estudos publicados entre 1983 e 2019, envolvendo 1.816 crianças. Além disso, foi constatado uso associado de mais 36 instrumentos de avaliação, sendo possível indicar potencialidades e fragilidades da escala. A ELPKr é um instrumento útil e confiável tanto na prática clínica como na pesquisa. No entanto, a não existência de um manual ou orientações sobre sua forma de aplicação foi indicada como uma fragilidade do instrumento. Conclusão Esta revisão de escopo analisou qualitativamente a literatura nacional e estrangeira a respeito da ELPK, identificando lacunas nas produções científicas e gerando um amplo panorama de dados sobre a utilização, difusão e disponibilidade desse instrumento, além de apresentar um delineamento dos estudos, suas metodologias e objetivos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Luzia Iara Pfeifer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil
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Pereira-Román B, López-Soler C, Alcántara López MV. Gender Perspective in Research on Interventions in Children with Experiences of Parental Gender-Based Violence: Application of GPIHR Criteria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:11047. [PMID: 34769567 PMCID: PMC8583373 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the inclusion of a gender perspective (GP) in scientific production on interventions for a reduction in psychological distress in children who have experienced parental gender-based violence (CEXPGBV). To achieve this, a review of publications was carried out in the Web of Science, EBSCOhost, ProQuest and Cochrane Library databases. A total of 3418 records were found, and 44 items of research selected. For GP analysis, the questionnaire "Gender perspective in health research" (GPIHR) was applied and relationships with the terminology of violence were analysed, as well as the definition of term used, references to violence by men or received by women and the instruments used to assess these. Generally, the assessed studies do not contain a GP, since 70% of the GPIHR items were answered negatively. Likewise, 89% of research used general terms to refer to violence without referring to gender. These results show the importance of considering instruments such as GPIHR in both the planning and development of future research in order to avoid possible gender bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Pereira-Román
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (M.V.A.L.)
- Association for the Development of Mental Health in Children and Youth “I Want to Grow”, 30001 Murcia, Spain
| | - Concepción López-Soler
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (M.V.A.L.)
- Association for the Development of Mental Health in Children and Youth “I Want to Grow”, 30001 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Vicenta Alcántara López
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (C.L.-S.); (M.V.A.L.)
- Association for the Development of Mental Health in Children and Youth “I Want to Grow”, 30001 Murcia, Spain
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Latzman NE, Casanueva C, Brinton J, Forman‐Hoffman VL. The promotion of well-being among children exposed to intimate partner violence: A systematic review of interventions. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2019; 15:e1049. [PMID: 37131508 PMCID: PMC8356495 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Julia Brinton
- RTI InternationalResearch Triangle ParkNorth Carolina
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Anderson K, van Ee E. Mothers and Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence: A Review of Treatment Interventions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E1955. [PMID: 30205465 PMCID: PMC6163939 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although a growing field, much is still unknown about how different clinical and social care services might improve outcomes for female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) and their children who are indirectly exposed to it. This review sought to characterize the structure of programs that have been tested and documented in existing literature, and the mechanisms by which change, if any, may occur. Seventeen individual interventions and two follow-ups (n = 19) were included in the review. Findings suggest that a multileveled program of mothers and children working both separately and jointly together across sessions might generate the most successful psychosocial recovery for mothers and children who have experienced violence in the home. The mechanism by which this happens is likely a collaborative one, focused on enhancing the dyadic interaction. This article adds to the growing evidence base on IPV and confirms the positive impact on well-being that programs for IPV victims can have. The evidence-base overall could benefit from testing and replicating a combination of the results found in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberley Anderson
- Psychotraumacentrum Zuid Nederland, Reinier van Arkel Groep, 5211 LJ 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.
- Department for Medical Psychology & Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Elisa van Ee
- Psychotraumacentrum Zuid Nederland, Reinier van Arkel Groep, 5211 LJ 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands.
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Howarth E, Moore THM, Welton NJ, Lewis N, Stanley N, MacMillan H, Shaw A, Hester M, Bryden P, Feder G. IMPRoving Outcomes for children exposed to domestic ViolencE (IMPROVE): an evidence synthesis. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.3310/phr04100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundExposure to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) during childhood and adolescence increases the risk of negative outcomes across the lifespan.ObjectivesTo synthesise evidence on the clinical effectiveness, cost-effectiveness and acceptability of interventions for children exposed to DVA, with the aim of making recommendations for further research.Design(1) A systematic review of controlled trials of interventions; (2) a systematic review of qualitative studies of participant and professional experience of interventions; (3) a network meta-analysis (NMA) of controlled trials and cost-effectiveness analysis; (4) an overview of current UK provision of interventions; and (5) consultations with young people, parents, service providers and commissioners.SettingsNorth America (11), the Netherlands (1) and Israel (1) for the systematic review of controlled trials of interventions; the USA (4) and the UK (1) for the systematic review of qualitative studies of participant and professional experience of interventions; and the UK for the overview of current UK provision of interventions and consultations with young people, parents, service providers and commissioners.ParticipantsA total of 1345 children for the systematic review of controlled trials of interventions; 100 children, 202 parents and 39 professionals for the systematic review of qualitative studies of participant and professional experience of interventions; and 16 young people, six parents and 20 service providers and commissioners for the consultation with young people, parents, service providers and commissioners.InterventionsPsychotherapeutic, advocacy, parenting skills and advocacy, psychoeducation, psychoeducation and advocacy, guided self-help.Main outcome measuresInternalising symptoms and externalising behaviour, mood, depression symptoms and diagnosis, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and self-esteem for the systematic review of controlled trials of interventions and NMA; views about and experience of interventions for the systematic review of qualitative studies of participant and professional experience of interventions and consultations.Data sourcesMEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Science Citation Index, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, International Bibliography of the Social Sciences, Social Services Abstracts, Social Care Online, Sociological Abstracts, Social Science Citation Index, World Health Organization trials portal and clinicaltrials.gov.Review methodsA narrative review; a NMA and incremental cost-effectiveness analysis; and a qualitative synthesis.ResultsThe evidence base on targeted interventions was small, with limited settings and types of interventions; children were mostly < 14 years of age, and there was an absence of comparative studies. The interventions evaluated in trials were mostly psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational interventions delivered to the non-abusive parent and child, usually based on the child’s exposure to DVA (not specific clinical or broader social needs). Qualitative studies largely focused on psychoeducational interventions, some of which included the abusive parent. The evidence for clinical effectiveness was as follows: 11 trials reported improvements in behavioural or mental health outcomes, with modest effect sizes but significant heterogeneity and high or unclear risk of bias. Psychoeducational group-based interventions delivered to the child were found to be more effective for improving mental health outcomes than other types of intervention. Interventions delivered to (non-abusive) parents and to children were most likely to be effective for improving behavioural outcomes. However, there is a large degree of uncertainty around comparisons, particularly with regard to mental health outcomes. In terms of evidence of cost-effectiveness, there were no economic studies of interventions. Cost-effectiveness was modelled on the basis of the NMA, estimating differences between types of interventions. The outcomes measured in trials were largely confined to children’s mental health and behavioural symptoms and disorders, although stakeholders’ concepts of success were broader, suggesting that a broader range of outcomes should be measured in trials. Group-based psychoeducational interventions delivered to children and non-abusive parents in parallel were largely acceptable to all stakeholders. There is limited evidence for the acceptability of other types of intervention. In terms of the UK evidence base and service delivery landscape, there were no UK-based trials, few qualitative studies and little widespread service evaluation. Most programmes are group-based psychoeducational interventions. However, the funding crisis in the DVA sector is significantly undermining programme delivery.ConclusionsThe evidence base regarding the acceptability, clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions to improve outcomes for children exposed to DVA is underdeveloped. There is an urgent need for more high-quality studies, particularly trials, that are designed to produce actionable, generalisable findings that can be implemented in real-world settings and that can inform decisions about which interventions to commission and scale. We suggest that there is a need to pause the development of new interventions and to focus on the systematic evaluation of existing programmes. With regard to the UK, we have identified three types of programme that could be justifiably prioritised for further study: psycho-education delivered to mothers and children, or children alone; parent skills training in combination with advocacy: and interventions involving the abusive parent/caregiver. We also suggest that there is need for key stakeholders to come together to explicitly identify and address the structural, practical and cultural barriers that may have hampered the development of the UK evidence base to date.Future work recommendationsThere is a need for well-designed, well-conducted and well-reported UK-based randomised controlled trials with cost-effectiveness analyses and nested qualitative studies. Development of consensus in the field about core outcome data sets is required. There is a need for further exploration of the acceptability and effectiveness of interventions for specific groups of children and young people (i.e. based on ethnicity, age, trauma exposure and clinical profile). There is also a need for an investigation of the context in which interventions are delivered, including organisational setting and the broader community context, and the evaluation of qualities, qualifications and disciplines of personnel delivering interventions. We recommend prioritisation of psychoeducational interventions and parent skills training delivered in combination with advocacy in the next phase of trials, and exploratory trials of interventions that engage both the abusive and the non-abusive parent.Study registrationThis study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42013004348 and PROSPERO CRD420130043489.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Howarth
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care East of England (NIHR CLAHRC EoE), Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Theresa HM Moore
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West (NIHR CLAHRC West) at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicky J Welton
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Natalia Lewis
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nicky Stanley
- Connect Centre, School of Social Work, Care and Community, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Harriet MacMillan
- Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, and Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alison Shaw
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marianne Hester
- School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Bryden
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gene Feder
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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