1
|
Végh R, Csóka M, Sörös C, Sipos L. Underexplored food safety hazards of beekeeping products: Key knowledge gaps and suggestions for future research. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2024; 23:e13404. [PMID: 39136999 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
These days, a growing consumer demand and scientific interest can be observed for nutraceuticals of natural origin, including apiculture products. Due to the growing emphasis on environmental protection, extensive research has been conducted on the pesticide and heavy metal contamination of bee products; however, less attention is devoted on other food safety aspects. In our review, scientific information on the less-researched food safety hazards of honey, bee bread, royal jelly, propolis, and beeswax are summarized. Bee products originating from certain plants may inherently contain phytotoxins, like pyrrolizidine alkaloids, tropane alkaloids, matrine alkaloids, grayanotoxins, gelsemium alkaloids, or tutin. Several case studies evidence that bee products can induce allergic responses to sensitive individuals, varying from mild to severe symptoms, including the potentially lethal anaphylaxis. Exposure to high temperature or long storage may lead to the formation of the potentially toxic 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Persistent organic pollutants, radionuclides, and microplastics can potentially be transferred to bee products from contaminated environmental sources. And lastly, inappropriate beekeeping practices can lead to the contamination of beekeeping products with harmful microorganisms and mycotoxins. Our review demonstrates the necessity of applying good beekeeping practices in order to protect honeybees and consumers of their products. An important aim of our work is to identify key knowledge gaps regarding the food safety of apiculture products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Végh
- Department of Nutrition Science, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariann Csóka
- Department of Nutrition Science, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Sörös
- Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis Institute of Food Science and Technology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Sipos
- Department of Postharvest, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Commercial and Sensory Science, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Economics, Centre of Economic and Regional Studies, Hungarian Research Network (HUN-REN), Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Campos DES, Muniz IDAF, Brandão HN, Shinkai RSA, Trindade TGD, Cosme-Trindade DC. Adverse Effects of Natural Products in the Oral Mucosa and Face: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:720-734. [PMID: 38442321 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This scoping review aimed to map the adverse reactions in the oral mucosa and face caused by the use of natural products. Methodology: This review was performed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, with a protocol registered in the Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/R57D8). The search was carried out systematically using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, LILACS, and LIVIVO databases, as well as gray literature through Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Reports of clinical cases on the adverse effects of natural products on the oral mucosa or perioral region of the face resulted from inappropriate use or self-medication were included. Data from the included studies were described in a narrative form. Results: Seven hundred and six studies were identified, and after removing duplicates and applying the eligibility criteria, 28 studies were included. The year of publication ranged from 1976 to 2022. The studies were conducted in 19 countries. Fifty patients were mentioned in the included studies and 34 were female (68%). The natural products most related to adverse reactions were propolis (n = 17), with manifestations such as perioral eczema, edema, erosions, erythema, allergic contact dermatitis, and garlic (n = 9), with manifestations such as chemical burn, burning sensation, vesicles and blisters, crusts, and ulcerations. Conclusion: Propolis and garlic were the natural products with the most reported adverse effects on the oral mucosa and perioral region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Débora E Silva Campos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Heloísa Nunes Brandão
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Gomes da Trindade
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Manginstar CO, Tallei TE, Niode NJ, Salaki CL, Hessel SS. Therapeutic potential of propolis in alleviating inflammatory response and promoting wound healing in skin burn. Phytother Res 2024; 38:856-879. [PMID: 38084816 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Burns can cause inflammation and delayed healing, necessitating alternative therapies due to the limitations of conventional treatments. Propolis, a natural bee-produced substance, has shown promise in facilitating burn healing. This literature review provides a comprehensive overview of propolis' mechanisms of action, wound-healing properties, and its application in treating skin burns. Propolis contains bioactive compounds with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising candidate for managing skin burn injuries. It helps prevent infections, neutralize harmful free radicals, and promote a well-balanced inflammatory response. Moreover, propolis aids in wound closure, tissue regeneration, collagen synthesis, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis, contributing to tissue regeneration and remodeling. The article discusses various propolis extracts, extraction methods, chemical composition, and optimized formulations like ointments and creams for burn wound treatment. Considerations regarding dosage and safety are addressed. Further research is needed to fully understand propolis' mechanisms, determine optimal formulations, and establish suitable clinical dosages. Nevertheless, propolis' natural origin and demonstrated benefits make it a compelling avenue for burn care exploration, potentially complementing existing therapies and improving burn management outcomes.
Collapse
Grants
- 158/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2023 Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Engagement at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia
- 1803/UN12.13/LT/2023 Directorate of Research, Technology, and Community Engagement at the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology, Republic of Indonesia
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Oktavianus Manginstar
- Entomology Study Program, Postgraduate Program, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Nurdjannah Jane Niode
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Central General Hospital, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Christina Leta Salaki
- Plant Protection Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia
| | - Sofia Safitri Hessel
- Indonesia Biodiversity and Biogeography Research Institute (INABIG), Bandung, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Perspectives for Uses of Propolis in Therapy against Infectious Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144594. [PMID: 35889466 PMCID: PMC9320184 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis has gained wide popularity over the last decades in several parts of the world. In parallel, the literature about propolis composition and biological properties increased markedly. A great number of papers have demonstrated that propolis from different parts of the world is composed mainly of phenolic substances, frequently flavonoids, derived from plant resins. Propolis has a relevant role in increasing the social immunity of bee hives. Experimental evidence indicates that propolis and its components have activity against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Mechanisms of action on bacteria, fungi, and viruses are known for several propolis components. Experiments have shown that propolis may act synergistically with antibiotics, antifungals, and antivirus drugs, permitting the administration of lower doses of drugs and higher antimicrobial effects. The current trend of growing resistance of microbial pathogens to the available drugs has encouraged the introduction of propolis in therapy against infectious diseases. Because propolis composition is widely variable, standardized propolis extracts have been produced. Successful clinical trials have included propolis extracts as medicine in dentistry and as an adjuvant in the treatment of patients against COVID-19. Present world health conditions encourage initiatives toward the spread of the niche of propolis, not only as traditional and alternative medicine but also as a relevant protagonist in anti-infectious therapy. Production of propolis and other apiary products is environmentally friendly and may contribute to alleviating the current crisis of the decline of bee populations. Propolis production has had social-economic relevance in Brazil, providing benefits to underprivileged people.
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan Z, Yang Y, Zhang L, Zhou X, Zeng Y, Tang R, Chang C, Sun J, Zhang J. Systemic Contact Dermatitis: The Routes of Allergen Entry. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 61:339-350. [PMID: 34338976 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) is a generalized reactivation of type IV hypersensitivity skin diseases in individuals with previous sensitization after a contact allergen is administered systemically. Patients with SCD may consider their dermatitis unpredictable and recalcitrant since the causative allergens are difficult to find. If a patient has a pattern of dermatitis suggestive of SCD but fails to improve with conventional treatment, SCD should be taken into consideration. If doctors are not familiar with the presentations of SCD and the possible routes of allergen sensitization and exposure, the diagnosis of SCD may be delayed. In this work, we summarized all of the routes through which allergens can enter the body and cause SCD, including oral intake, local contact (through skin, inhalation, nasal spray and anal application), implants, and other iatrogenic or invasive routes (intravenous, intramuscular, intraarticular, and intravesicular). This will provide a comprehensive reference for the clinicians to identify the culprit of SCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhouxian Pan
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yongshi Yang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xianjie Zhou
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yueping Zeng
- Dermatology Department, Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, PekingBeijing, 100730, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Christopher Chang
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA. .,Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, FL, USA.
| | - Jinlyu Sun
- Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ripari N, Sartori AA, da Silva Honorio M, Conte FL, Tasca KI, Santiago KB, Sforcin JM. Propolis antiviral and immunomodulatory activity: a review and perspectives for COVID-19 treatment. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:281-299. [PMID: 33793885 PMCID: PMC7928728 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Viral outbreaks are a frequent concern for humans. A great variety of drugs has been used to treat viral diseases, which are not always safe and effective and may induce adverse effects, indicating the need for new antiviral drugs extracted from natural sources. Propolis is a bee-made product exhibiting many biological properties. An overview of viruses, antiviral immunity, propolis safety and its immunomodulatory and antiviral action is reported, as well as perspectives for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. PubMed platform was used for data collection, searching for the keywords "propolis", "virus", "antiviral", "antimicrobial" and "coronavirus". KEY FINDINGS Propolis is safe and exerts antiviral and immunomodulatory activity; however, clinical trials should investigate its effects on individuals with viral diseases, in combination or not with antiviral drugs or vaccines. SUMMARY Regarding COVID-19, the effects of propolis should be investigated directly on the virus in vitro or on infected individuals alone or in combination with antiviral drugs, due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action. Propolis administration simultaneously with vaccines should be analyzed, due to its adjuvant properties, to enhance the individuals' immune response. The search for therapeutic targets may be useful to find out how propolis can help to control COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ripari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Arthur Alves Sartori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana da Silva Honorio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lopes Conte
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karen Ingrid Tasca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karina Basso Santiago
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Maurício Sforcin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Factors Affecting Consumers’ Alternative Meats Buying Intentions: Plant-Based Meat Alternative and Cultured Meat. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12145662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Consumers have started to become aware of the negative aspects of conventional meat, including concerns about environmental issues, animal welfare, and consumer health. Alternative meats (i.e., cultured meat and plant-based meat alternatives) have been introduced recently to address these problems, and the rapid growth of the alternative meat market could pose a threat to the conventional meat market. It is necessary to identify the features of alternative meat that affect consumers’ purchasing intentions. Thus, we aimed to: (1) explore the positive and negative feelings toward alternative meat and (2) compare the differences in factors influencing alternative meat buying intentions. This study conducted an online survey with Korean participants in two separate sections (cultured meat: n = 513; plant-based meat alternatives: n = 504), and relationships between the variables and willingness to buy were analyzed using the partial least squares method. The results showed that sustainability and food neophobia are two of the different factors, and food curiosity, unnaturalness, and distrust of biotechnology are the common factors affecting consumers’ purchasing choice. The results of this study provide useful guidelines for effective promotional messages about cultured meat, plant-based meat alternatives, and conventional meat marketers focusing on the positive and negative aspects of significant factors.
Collapse
|
8
|
Baruffi FY, Venkatesh KP, Nelson KN, Powell A, Santos DM, Ehrlich A. Systemic Contact Dermatitis: A review. Dermatol Clin 2020; 38:379-388. [DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
9
|
Vermersch C, Kerdraon R, Armingaud P, Bois J, Bens G, Finon A. [Sebotropic drug eruption after ingestion of bee pollen]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2019; 147:135-139. [PMID: 31831216 DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2019.09.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The medical literature contains five cases of exanthema with sebaceous tropism induced by consumption of kava-kava extract filed under the name of sebotropic drug reaction. Herein we report a new case following consumption of bee pollen. PATIENTS AND METHODS A 37-year-old man consulted for erythemato-papular and fixed plaques of the face, upper trunk and shoulders present for 3 days. Standard blood tests were normal except for neutrophil leukocytosis at 9.8 G/l and eosinophilia at 1.4 G/l. Cutaneous biopsy of a facial plaque revealed folliculocentric lesions with necrosis of sebocytes in the sebaceous gland, associated with an eosinophil-rich infiltrate. The patient had begun consuming bee-pollen granules 3 weeks before the onset of symptoms. The rash regressed within 3 weeks of cessation of pollen consumption. Patch tests (ICDRG battery, propolis 1% Vaseline dilution and bee pollen provided by the patient, both pure and in a 30% dilution in Vaseline) were negative at 48 and 72h. DISCUSSION The clinical-pathological correlation was consistent with a diagnosis of sebotropic drug reaction induced by the consumption of bee pollen. The diagnosis was based on papular exanthema of the seborrheic zones occurring 2 to 3 weeks after initial intake of the offending substance, with histological evidence of inflammatory necrosis of the sebaceous glands. CONCLUSION We report what is to our knowledge the first case of sebotropic drug reaction following ingestion of bee pollen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Vermersch
- Service de dermatologie, 45100 Orléans, France.
| | - R Kerdraon
- Service d'anatomopathologie, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - P Armingaud
- Service de dermatologie, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - J Bois
- Laboratoire de biochimie et toxicologie, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - G Bens
- Service de dermatologie, 45100 Orléans, France
| | - A Finon
- Service de dermatologie, 45100 Orléans, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rundle CW, Machler BC, Jacob SE. Pathogenesis and causations of systemic contact dermatitis. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2019; 154:42-49. [DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.06113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
11
|
Freedman J, Griggs J, De Padova MP, Tosti A. What's the "buzz" about propolis? Propolis-induced systemic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 80:65-67. [PMID: 30311211 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Freedman
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Jacob Griggs
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | | | - Antonella Tosti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lamoureux A, Meharon M, Durand AL, Darrigade AS, Doutre MS, Milpied B. A first case of erythema multiforme-like contact dermatitis caused by propolis. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 77:263-264. [PMID: 28872200 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anouck Lamoureux
- Dermatology Department, Saint André Hospital, 33075 Bordeaux, France
| | - Martine Meharon
- Dermatology Department, Saint André Hospital, 33075 Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | | | - Brigitte Milpied
- Dermatology Department, Saint André Hospital, 33075 Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
|
14
|
Sforcin JM. Biological Properties and Therapeutic Applications of Propolis. Phytother Res 2016; 30:894-905. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José M. Sforcin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, UNESP; 18618-970 Botucatu SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|
16
|
Abstract
Systemic contact dermatitis (SCD), a cutaneous reaction that is a direct manifestation of systemic exposure to a known allergen in a sensitized individual, has been increasingly recognized as a cause of persistent cutaneous contact dermatitis that is refractory to conventional therapies. While SCD in response to drugs has been described well in the literature, SCD to allergens in common foodstuffs is a less well-articulated phenomenon. Several foods that are universally consumed throughout the world contain potent allergens including nickel, balsam of Peru, trace metals, urushiol, and sesquiterpene lactones as well as a host of others that may cause a distinctive clinical picture. In this review article, the authors review the typical presentation and prevalence of SCD to foods, pathophysiology, the most common offensive ingestible food allergens, several appropriate diets, and effectiveness of dietary avoidance for situations in which SCD is suspected.
Collapse
|
17
|
Propolis: a review of properties, applications, chemical composition, contact allergy, and other adverse effects. Dermatitis 2014; 24:263-82. [PMID: 24201459 DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Propolis (bee glue) is the resinous substance that bees collect from living plants for the construction and adaptation of their nests. It has antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties and may have a wide range of other beneficial biological activities. Propolis is available as a dietary supplement, in products for the protection of health and prevention of diseases, in biopharmaceuticals, and as a constituent of (bio)cosmetics. In this article, the following aspects of propolis are reviewed: the nature and chemical composition, its biological properties and applications, contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis (sensitizing potential, products causing contact allergy, clinical picture, frequency of sensitization, coreactivity and cross-reactivity, the allergens in propolis), and other adverse effects.
Collapse
|
18
|
|