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Sartori AA, Son NT, da Silva Honorio M, Ripari N, Santiago KB, Gomes AM, Zambuzzi WF, Bastos JK, Sforcin JM. Effects of caatinga propolis from Mimosa tenuiflora and its constituents (santin, sakuranetin and kaempferide) on human immune cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117297. [PMID: 37813289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Propolis is a bee product used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. Diverse types of propolis are produced worldwide depending on the local flora. Recently, research has been focused on a propolis sample produced in the northeast Brazilian "caatinga" from Mimosa tenuiflora, popularly known as "jurema-preta". AIM OF THE STUDY A possible immunomodulatory/anti-inflammatory action was analyzed to verify the potential of M. tenuiflora propolis (MP) and its constituents (santin, sakuranetin and kaempferide) in human immune cells under baseline conditions or in LPS-stimulated cells. METHODS Cell viability, cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10) production and intracellular pathways (NF-kB and p38 MAPK) were evaluated. RESULTS Under basal conditions, MP and sakuranetin did not affect cytokine production; santin enhanced TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, while kaempferide inhibited IL-8 and IL-10. In LPS-stimulated cells, MP and its compounds exerted an inhibitory activity on TNF-α and IL-1β, while no effects were seen on IL-6 and IL-8. Santin and kaempferide inhibited IL-10 production. No significant differences were seen on NF-kB and p38 MAPK intracellular pathways. CONCLUSION Data indicated the immunomodulatory action of caatinga propolis and its constituents at noncytotoxic concentrations, specifically an anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-treated cells by inhibiting cytokine production. Santin, sakuranetin and kaempferide appeared to be involved in MP activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Alves Sartori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoàng Quoc Viet, Cầu giay, Hanoi, Viet Nam; University of São Paulo (USP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Nicolas Ripari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- University of São Paulo (USP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Tasca KI, Conte FL, Correa CR, Santiago KB, Cardoso EDO, Manfio VM, Garcia JL, Berretta AA, Sartori AA, Honorio MDS, Souza LDR, Sforcin JM. Propolis consumption by asymptomatic HIV-individuals: Better redox state? A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114626. [PMID: 37004329 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a natural product has many biological properties of clinical interest, such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Considering that people living with HIV/aids (PLWHA) on effective combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) present early aging due to an intense immune activation, inflammation, and redox imbalance, propolis consumption could offer a benefit to such patients. This double-blind longitudinal study evaluated whether Brazilian green propolis pills intake (500 mg/day for three months) would decrease the oxidative stress of virological suppressed HIV-individuals. To compare each group (propolis, n = 20 versus placebo, n = 20) in both moments (M0, before and M1, after the intervention), the following markers were assessed: plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonylation, total oxide nitric, total antioxidant capacity (TAP), superoxide dismutase, catalase, and NFkB and NRF2 gene expression. Data were analyzed using Poisson, Gamma distribution and ANOVA followed by Tukey-Kramer. The groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, time of diagnosis/ treatment, cART scheme, CD4+ T cell count, and no changes were observed in the diet food, or patients' lifestyles. A decreased MDA concentration was seen in the propolis group (M0 = 0.24 ± 0.13, M1 = 0.20 ± 0.10 protein nmol/mg; p = 0.005) as well as a slight but non-significant increase of TAP (M0 = 49.07 ± 13.26, M1 = 52.27 ± 14.86%; p = 0.06). One may conclude that propolis promoted a lower lipid peroxidation and improved the antioxidant system, suggesting that its use may be beneficial to PLWHA in an attempt to contain the intense inflammatory and oxidant activity.
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Ripari N, Sartori AA, da Silva Honorio M, Conte FL, Tasca KI, Santiago KB, Sforcin JM. Propolis antiviral and immunomodulatory activity: a review and perspectives for COVID-19 treatment. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:281-299. [PMID: 33793885 PMCID: PMC7928728 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Viral outbreaks are a frequent concern for humans. A great variety of drugs has been used to treat viral diseases, which are not always safe and effective and may induce adverse effects, indicating the need for new antiviral drugs extracted from natural sources. Propolis is a bee-made product exhibiting many biological properties. An overview of viruses, antiviral immunity, propolis safety and its immunomodulatory and antiviral action is reported, as well as perspectives for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. PubMed platform was used for data collection, searching for the keywords "propolis", "virus", "antiviral", "antimicrobial" and "coronavirus". KEY FINDINGS Propolis is safe and exerts antiviral and immunomodulatory activity; however, clinical trials should investigate its effects on individuals with viral diseases, in combination or not with antiviral drugs or vaccines. SUMMARY Regarding COVID-19, the effects of propolis should be investigated directly on the virus in vitro or on infected individuals alone or in combination with antiviral drugs, due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory action. Propolis administration simultaneously with vaccines should be analyzed, due to its adjuvant properties, to enhance the individuals' immune response. The search for therapeutic targets may be useful to find out how propolis can help to control COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Ripari
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Arthur Alves Sartori
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Mariana da Silva Honorio
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Lopes Conte
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karen Ingrid Tasca
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Karina Basso Santiago
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - José Maurício Sforcin
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Campus Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil
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Pinto CG, Leite APS, Sartori AA, Tibúrcio FC, Barraviera B, Junior RSF, Filadelpho AL, de Carvalho SC, Matheus SMM. Heterologous fibrin biopolymer associated to a single suture stitch enables the return of neuromuscular junction to its mature pattern after peripheral nerve injury. Injury 2021; 52:731-737. [PMID: 33902866 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Denervation leads to severe atrophy of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) structure including decrease of the expression of fundamental proteins. Up to now, conventional suture has been the gold standard method used to correct this injury. Fibrin sealant is one of the alternatives proposed to optimize this method. This study verified if the association of fibrin sealant - Heterologous Fibrin Biopolymer (HFB) and a single suture stitch promotes return of morphology and NMJ structure to mature pattern after peripheral nerve injury. Forty Wistar rats were distributed into 4 groups: Sham-Control (SC), Denervated-Control (DC), Suture-Lesion (SL) and Suture-Lesion + HFB (SFS). In SC group only the right sciatic nerve identification was done. In DC, SL and SFS groups fixation of nerve stumps on musculature immediately after neurotmesis was performed. After seven days, stump reconnection with 3 stitches in SL and a single stitch associated with HFB in SFS were done. After sixty days right soleus muscles were prepared for nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and nerve terminal confocal analyses, and for nAChRs (α1, ε e γ), S100, Agrin, LRP-4, MMP-3, Rapsyn western blotting analyses. SC group presented normal morphology. In DC group it was observed flattening of NMJ, fragmentation of nAChRs and tangled nerve terminals. The majority of the parameters of SL and SFS groups presented values in between SC and DC groups. There was an increase of relative planar area in these groups (SL and SFS) highlighting that there was less nAChRs fragmentation and the values of protein expression showed return of nAChRs to mature pattern. Use of HFB associated with a single suture stitch decreased surgical time, minimized suture injuries, did not alter nerve regeneration and presented potential to reestablish the NMJ apparatus. These consolidated results encourage surgeons to develop future clinical trials to install definitively this new approach both for reconstructive surgery and neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Guidi Pinto
- Graduate Program in Surgery and Translational Medicine, Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Silveira Leite
- Graduate Program in Surgery and Translational Medicine, Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Arthur Alves Sartori
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cantore Tibúrcio
- Graduate Program in Surgery and Translational Medicine, Medical School, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benedito Barraviera
- Center for the Studies of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira Junior
- Center for the Studies of Venoms and Venomous Animals (CEVAP), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - André Luis Filadelpho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Selma Maria Michelin Matheus
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology (Anatomy Sector), Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Leite APS, Pinto CG, Tibúrcio FC, Sartori AA, de Castro Rodrigues A, Barraviera B, Ferreira RS, Filadelpho AL, Matheus SMM. Heterologous fibrin sealant potentiates axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury with reduction in the number of suture points. Injury 2019; 50:834-847. [PMID: 30922661 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of suture associated with heterologous fibrin sealant has been highlighted for reconstruction after peripheral nerve injury, having the advantage of being safe for clinical use. In this study we compared the use of this sealant associated with reduced number of stitches with conventional suture after ischiatic nerve injury. 36 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Control (C), Denervated (D), ischiatic nerve neurotmesis (6 mm gap); Suture (S), epineural anastomosis after 7 days from neurotmesis, Suture + Fibrin Sealant (SFS), anastomosis with only one suture point associated with Fibrin Sealant. Catwalk, electromyography, ischiatic and tibial nerve, soleus muscle morphological and morphometric analyses were performed. The amplitude and latency values of the Suture and Suture + Fibrin Sealant groups were similar and indicative of nerve regeneration.The ischiatic nerve morphometric analysis in the Suture + Fibrin Sealant showed superior values related to axons and nerve fibers area and diameter when compared to Suture group. In the Suture and Suture + Fibrin Sealant groups, there was an increase in muscle weight and in fast fibers frequency, it was a decrease in the percentage of collagen compared to group Denervated and in the neuromuscular junctions, the synaptic boutons were reestablished.The results suggest a protective effect at the lesion site caused by the fibrin sealant use. The stitches reduction minimizes the trauma caused by the needle and it accelerates the surgical practice. So the heterologous fibrin sealant use in nerve reconstruction should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Silveira Leite
- Graduate Program on the General Bases of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil.
| | - Carina Guidi Pinto
- Graduate Program on the General Bases of Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil; Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cantore Tibúrcio
- Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Arthur Alves Sartori
- Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Benedito Barraviera
- The Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rui Seabra Ferreira
- The Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luis Filadelpho
- Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Selma Maria Michelin Matheus
- Department of Anatomy, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Biosciences, Travessa da Rua Prof. Dr. Gilberti Moreno São Paulo, 18618-689, Botucatu, Brazil
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Sartori AA, Schär P, Fitz-Gibbon S, Miller JH, Jiricny J. Biochemical characterization of uracil processing activities in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:29979-86. [PMID: 11399761 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m102985200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Deamination of cytosine to uracil and 5-methylcytosine to thymine represents a major mutagenic threat particularly at high temperatures. In double-stranded DNA, these spontaneous hydrolytic reactions give rise to G.U and G.T mispairs, respectively, that must be restored to G.C pairs prior to the next round of DNA replication; if left unrepaired, 50% of progeny DNA would acquire G.C --> A.T transition mutations. The genome of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum has been recently shown to encode a protein, Pa-MIG, a member of the endonuclease III family, capable of processing both G.U and G.T mispairs. We now show that this latter activity is undetectable in crude extracts of P. aerophilum. However, uracil residues in G.U mispairs, in A.U pairs, and in single-stranded DNA were efficiently removed in these extracts. These activities were assigned to a approximately 22-kDa polypeptide named Pa-UDG (P. aerophilum uracil-DNA glycosylase). The recombinant Pa-UDG protein is highly thermostable and displays a considerable degree of homology to the recently described uracil-DNA glycosylases from Archaeoglobus fulgidus and Thermotoga maritima. Interestingly, neither Pa-MIG nor Pa-UDG was inhibited by UGI, a generic inhibitor of the UNG family of uracil glycosylases. Yet a small fraction of the total uracil processing activity present in crude extracts of P. aerophilum was inhibited by this peptide. This implies that the hyperthermophilic archaeon possesses at least a three-pronged defense against the mutagenic threat of hydrolytic deamination of cytosines in its genomic DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Sartori
- Institute of Medical Radiobiology, University of Zürich and the Paul Scherrer-Institute, August Forel-Strasse 7, CH-8008 Zürich, Switzerland
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