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Tissue Bioengineering with Fibrin Scaffolds and Deproteinized Bone Matrix Associated or Not with the Transoperative Laser Photobiomodulation Protocol. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010407. [PMID: 36615601 PMCID: PMC9824823 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Extending the range of use of the heterologous fibrin biopolymer, this pre-clinical study showed a new proportionality of its components directed to the formation of scaffold with a lower density of the resulting mesh to facilitate the infiltration of bone cells, and combined with therapy by laser photobiomodulation, in order to accelerate the repair process and decrease the morphofunctional recovery time. Thus, a transoperative protocol of laser photobiomodulation (L) was evaluated in critical bone defects filled with deproteinized bovine bone particles (P) associated with heterologous fibrin biopolymer (HF). The groups were: BCL (blood clot + laser); HF; HFL; PHF (P+HF); PHFL (P+HF+L). Microtomographically, bone volume (BV) at 14 days, was higher in the PHF and PHFL groups (10.45 ± 3.31 mm3 and 9.94 ± 1.51 mm3), significantly increasing in the BCL, HFL and PHFL groups. Histologically, in all experimental groups, the defects were not reestablished either in the external cortical bone or in the epidural, occurring only in partial bone repair. At 42 days, the bone area (BA) increased in all groups, being significantly higher in the laser-treated groups. The quantification of bone collagen fibers showed that the percentage of collagen fibers in the bone tissue was similar between the groups for each experimental period, but significantly higher at 42 days (35.71 ± 6.89%) compared to 14 days (18.94 ± 6.86%). It can be concluded that the results of the present study denote potential effects of laser radiation capable of inducing functional bone regeneration, through the synergistic combination of biomaterials and the new ratio of heterologous fibrin biopolymer components (1:1:1) was able to make the resulting fibrin mesh less dense and susceptible to cellular permeability. Thus, the best fibrinogen concentration should be evaluated to find the ideal heterologous fibrin scaffold.
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Alsahafi RA, Mitwalli HA, Balhaddad AA, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Regenerating Craniofacial Dental Defects With Calcium Phosphate Cement Scaffolds: Current Status and Innovative Scope Review. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.743065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The management and treatment of dental and craniofacial injuries have continued to evolve throughout the last several decades. Limitations with autograft, allograft, and synthetics created the need for more advanced approaches in tissue engineering. Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are frequently used to repair bone defects. Since their discovery in the 1980s, extensive research has been conducted to improve their properties, and emerging evidence supports their increased application in bone tissue engineering. This review focuses on the up-to-date performance of calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds and upcoming promising dental and craniofacial bone regeneration strategies. First, we summarized the barriers encountered in CPC scaffold development. Second, we compiled the most up to date in vitro and in vivo literature. Then, we conducted a systematic search of scientific articles in MEDLINE and EMBASE to screen the related studies. Lastly, we revealed the current developments to effectively design CPC scaffolds and track the enhanced viability and therapeutic efficacy to overcome the current limitations and upcoming perspectives. Finally, we presented a timely and opportune review article focusing on the significant potential of CPC scaffolds for dental and craniofacial bone regeneration, which will be discussed thoroughly. CPC offers multiple capabilities that may be considered toward the oral defects, expecting a future outlook in nanotechnology design and performance.
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Jerbić Radetić AT, Zoričić Cvek S, Tomas M, Erjavec I, Oguić M, Perić Kačarević Ž, Cvijanović Peloza O. CSBD Healing in Rats after Application of Bovine Xenogeneic Biomaterial Enriched with Magnesium Alloy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169089. [PMID: 34445794 PMCID: PMC8396602 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenogeneic biomaterials Cerbone® and OsteoBiol® are widely used in oral implantology. In dental practice, xenogeneic biomaterial is usually combined with autologous bone to provide bone volume stability needed for long-term dental implants. Magnesium alloy implants dissolve and form mineral corrosion layer that is directly in contact with bone tissue, allowing deposition of the newly formed bone. CSBD heals by intramembranous ossification and therefore is a convenient model for analyses of ostoconductive and osteoinductive properties of different type of biomaterials. Magnesium alloy-enriched biomaterials have not yet been applied in oral implantology. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate biological properties of potentially new bovine xenogeneic biomaterial enriched with magnesium alloy in a 5 mm CSBD model. Osteoconductive properties of Cerabone®, Cerabone® + Al. bone, and OsteoBiol® were also analyzed. Dynamics of bone healing was followed up on the days 3, 7, 15, 21, and 30. Calvary bone samples were analyzed by micro-CT, and values of the bone morphometric parameters were assessed. Bone samples were further processed for histological and immunohistochemical analyses. Histological observation revealed CSBD closure at day 30 of the given xenogeneic biomaterial groups, with the exception of the control group. TNF-α showed high intensity of expression at the sites of MSC clusters that underwent ossification. Osx was expressed in pre-osteoblasts, which were differentiated into mature osteoblasts and osteocytes. Results of the micro-CT analyses showed linear increase in bone volume of all xenogeneic biomaterial groups and also in the control. The highest average values of bone volume were found for the Cerabone® + Mg group. In addition, less residual biomaterial was estimated in the Cerabone® + Mg group than in the Cerabone® group, indicating its better biodegradation during CSBD healing. Overall, the magnesium alloy xenogeneic biomaterial demonstrated key properties of osteoinduction and biodegradidibility during CSBD healing, which is the reason why it should be recommended for application in clinical practice of oral implantology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanja Zoričić Cvek
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; (A.T.J.R.); (S.Z.C.)
| | - Matej Tomas
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Igor Erjavec
- Medical Faculty, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | | | - Željka Perić Kačarević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Embryology, Pathology Anatomy and Pathology Histology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31 000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Olga Cvijanović Peloza
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Rijeka, 51 000 Rijeka, Croatia; (A.T.J.R.); (S.Z.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-91-8998-421
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Sato A, Yanagi T, Yamaguchi Y, Taniguchi Y, Kido H, Ohno J. Effect of DNA/protamine complex paste on bone augmentation of the mandible: A pilot study on dogs. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 115:104729. [PMID: 32387858 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our previous studies found that a salmon DNA-based scaffold containing protamine promoted bone regeneration of the calvarial defects of rats. The aim of the present pilot study was to examine the influence of the DNA/protamine (DP) complex on bone regeneration of a saddle type, alveolar ridge defects of the dog mandible. DESIGN Alveolar ridge defects were performed in the mandibles of five adult female beagles. The following three treatment modalities were randomly allocated: (1) the DP complex paste, (2) a beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), and (3) a blank (control). Healing of bone defects were evaluated by periapical radiography, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), and histology. RESULTS Periodical radiographic images revealed that a higher percentage of regenerated bone height was consistently achieved in the DP group, as compared with blank controls. All three-dimensional, sagittal, and coronal images of micro-CT showed increased amounts of newly formed bone and a greater bone volume/ tissue volume ratio, as compared with the blank and β-TCP groups. In contrast, there was no significant difference in bone mineral density among the groups. Histological analysis confirmed that the alveolar bone defects were filled with newly formed bone with mature and compact properties in the DP group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the DP complexes enhanced regeneration of vertical alveolar bone defects of the dog mandible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Sato
- Section of Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan; Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Yanagi
- Section of Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan; Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yamaguchi
- Section of Fixed Prosthodontics, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Taniguchi
- Section of Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kido
- Section of Oral Implantology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Ohno
- Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan; Oral Medicine Research Center, Fukuoka Dental College, Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Raillard M, Detotto C, Grepper S, Beslac O, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Schaller B, Saulacic N. Anaesthetic and Perioperative Management of 14 Male New Zealand White Rabbits for Calvarial Bone Surgery. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9110896. [PMID: 31683852 PMCID: PMC6912242 DOI: 10.3390/ani9110896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Bone substitutes are commonly used when bone grafts are necessary in human craniofacial surgery. To study the properties and biologic behaviour of those substitutes, they can be implanted in experimental animals. A frequently used model involves the creation of critical-sized defects (defects that are too large to heal by themselves) in the rabbits calvaria (the top part of the skull). The procedure was initially described in 1989 and the authors considered and reported that post-operative analgesia was not necessary. In our experience, this procedure is invasive and can result in severe postoperative pain. The anaesthetic management of rabbits undergoing this procedure is challenging. Most of the recent publications using this model fail to provide sufficient information on perioperative animal management. With this report we have aimed to document a possible practical and simple anaesthetic and postoperative management of rabbits undergoing this procedure. Particular emphasis has been placed on postoperative pain assessment, duration and treatment. Abstract Calvarial bone surgery on rabbits is frequently performed. This report aims to document a simple and practical anaesthetic and perioperative management for this procedure. Fourteen male New Zealand white rabbits were included in the study. Subcutaneous (SC) dexmedetomidine, ketamine and buprenorphine ± isoflurane vaporized in oxygen administered through a supraglottic airway device (V-gel®) provided clinically suitable anaesthesia. Supplemental oxygen was administered throughout recovery. Monitoring was clinical and instrumental (pulse-oximetry, capnography, invasive blood pressure, temperature, arterial blood gas analysis). Lidocaine was infiltrated at the surgical site and meloxicam was injected subcutaneously as perioperative analgesia. After surgery, pain was assessed five times daily (composite behavioural pain scale and grimace scale). Postoperative analgesia included SC meloxicam once daily for four days and buprenorphine every 8 h for three days (unless both pain scores were at the lowest possible levels). Rescue analgesia (buprenorphine) was administered in case of the score > 3/8 in the composite pain scale, >4/10 on the grimace scale or if determined necessary by the caregivers. Airway management with a V-gel® was possible but resulted in respiratory obstruction during the surgery in two cases. Hypoventilation was observed in all rabbits. All rabbits experienced pain after the procedure. Monitoring, pain assessments and administration of postoperative analgesia were recommended for 48 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Raillard
- Experimental Surgery Facility (ESF), Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
- Vetsuisse Faculty, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Pain Therapy, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
- School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia.
| | - Carlotta Detotto
- Experimental Surgery Facility (ESF), Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
- Central Animal Facilities, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Sandro Grepper
- Central Animal Facilities, Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Olgica Beslac
- Experimental Surgery Facility (ESF), Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Masako Fujioka-Kobayashi
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Benoit Schaller
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Nikola Saulacic
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Inselspital Bern, University Hospital, University of Bern, 3008 Bern, Switzerland.
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Lin Y, Umebayashi M, Abdallah MN, Dong G, Roskies MG, Zhao YF, Murshed M, Zhang Z, Tran SD. Combination of polyetherketoneketone scaffold and human mesenchymal stem cells from temporomandibular joint synovial fluid enhances bone regeneration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:472. [PMID: 30679553 PMCID: PMC6345789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36778-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapies using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds are a promising strategy for bone grafting. But the harvest of MSCs still remains invasive for patients. Human synovial fluid MSCs (hSF-MSCs), which can be obtained by a minimally invasive needle-aspiration procedure, have been used for cartilage repair. However, little is known of hSF-MSCs in bone regeneration. Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) is an attractive bone scaffold due to its mechanical properties comparable to bone. In this study, 3D-printed PEKK scaffolds were fabricated using laser sintering technique. hSF-MSCs were characterized and cultured on PEKK to evaluate their cell attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic potential. Rabbit calvarial critical-sized bone defects were created to test the bone regenerative effect of PEKK with hSF-MSCs. In vitro results showed that hSF-MSCs attached, proliferated, and were osteogenic on PEKK. In vivo results indicated that PEKK seeded with hSF-MSCs regenerated twice the amount of newly formed bone when compared to PEKK seeded with osteogenically-induced hSF-MSCs or PEKK scaffolds alone. These results suggested that there was no need to induce hSF-MSCs into osteoblasts prior to their transplantations in vivo. In conclusion, the combined use of PEKK and hSF-MSCs was effective in regenerating critical-sized bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mayumi Umebayashi
- Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamed-Nur Abdallah
- Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Guoying Dong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michael G Roskies
- Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Yaoyao Fiona Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Monzur Murshed
- Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Shriners Hospital for Children, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhiguang Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Simon D Tran
- Craniofacial Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Wang X, Luo Y, Yang Y, Zheng B, Yan F, Wei F, Friis TE, Crawford RW, Xiao Y. Alteration of clot architecture using bone substitute biomaterials (beta-tricalcium phosphate) significantly delays the early bone healing process. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:8204-8213. [PMID: 32254940 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01747f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
When a bone substitute biomaterial is implanted into the body, the material's surface comes into contact with circulating blood, which results in the formation of a peri-implant hematoma or blood clot. Although hematoma formation is vital for the early bone healing process, knowledge concerning the biomaterial-induced structural properties of blood clots is limited. Here, we report that implantation of beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in a bone defect healing model in rats resulted in significantly delayed early bone healing compared to empty controls (natural healing). In vitro studies showed that β-TCP had a profound effect on the overall structure of hematomas, as was observed by fibrin turbidity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), compaction assays, and fibrinolysis. Under the influence of β-TCP, clot formation had a significantly shortened lag time and there was enhanced lateral fibrin aggregation during the clot polymerization, which resulted in clots composed of thinner fibers. Furthermore, fibrin clots that formed around β-TCP exhibited reduced compaction and increased resistance to fibrinolysis. Together, these results provide a plausible mechanism for how implanted bone-substitute materials may impact the structural properties of the hematoma, thereby altering the early bone healing processes, such as cell infiltration, growth factor release and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
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Citrate-based materials fuel human stem cells by metabonegenic regulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E11741-E11750. [PMID: 30478052 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813000115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the key microenvironmental signals regulating bone regeneration is pivotal for the effective design of bioinspired orthopedic materials. Here, we identified citrate as an osteopromotive factor and revealed its metabonegenic role in mediating citrate metabolism and its downstream effects on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Our studies show that extracellular citrate uptake through solute carrier family 13, member 5 (SLC13a5) supports osteogenic differentiation via regulation of energy-producing metabolic pathways, leading to elevated cell energy status that fuels the high metabolic demands of hMSC osteodifferentiation. We next identified citrate and phosphoserine (PSer) as a synergistic pair in polymeric design, exhibiting concerted action not only in metabonegenic potential for orthopedic regeneration but also in facile reactivity in a fluorescent system for materials tracking and imaging. We designed a citrate/phosphoserine-based photoluminescent biodegradable polymer (BPLP-PSer), which was fabricated into BPLP-PSer/hydroxyapatite composite microparticulate scaffolds that demonstrated significant improvements in bone regeneration and tissue response in rat femoral-condyle and cranial-defect models. We believe that the present study may inspire the development of new generations of biomimetic biomaterials that better recapitulate the metabolic microenvironments of stem cells to meet the dynamic needs of cellular growth, differentiation, and maturation for use in tissue engineering.
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Pihlman H, Keränen P, Paakinaho K, Linden J, Hannula M, Manninen IK, Hyttinen J, Manninen M, Laitinen-Vapaavuori O. Novel osteoconductive β-tricalcium phosphate/poly(L-lactide-co-e-caprolactone) scaffold for bone regeneration: a study in a rabbit calvarial defect. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:156. [PMID: 30298429 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The advantages of synthetic bone graft substitutes over autogenous bone grafts include abundant graft volume, lack of complications related to the graft harvesting, and shorter operation and recovery times for the patient. We studied a new synthetic supercritical CO2 -processed porous composite scaffold of β-tricalcium phosphate and poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) copolymer as a bone graft substitute in a rabbit calvarial defect. Bilateral 12 mm diameter critical size calvarial defects were successfully created in 18 rabbits. The right defect was filled with a scaffold moistened with bone marrow aspirate, and the other was an empty control. The material was assessed for applicability during surgery. The follow-up times were 4, 12, and 24 weeks. Radiographic and micro-CT studies and histopathological analysis were used to evaluate new bone formation, tissue ingrowth, and biocompatibility. The scaffold was easy to shape and handle during the surgery, and the bone-scaffold contact was tight when visually evaluated after the implantation. The material showed good biocompatibility and its porosity enabled rapid invasion of vasculature and full thickness mesenchymal tissue ingrowth already at four weeks. By 24 weeks, full thickness bone ingrowth within the scaffold and along the dura was generally seen. In contrast, the empty defect had only a thin layer of new bone at 24 weeks. The radiodensity of the material was similar to the density of the intact bone. In conclusion, the new porous scaffold material, composed of microgranular β-TCP bound into the polymer matrix, proved to be a promising osteoconductive bone graft substitute with excellent handling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pihlman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pauli Keränen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaarlo Paakinaho
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomeditech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
- Orton Orthopaedic Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jere Linden
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus Hannula
- Faculty of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Jari Hyttinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Biomeditech, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
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Cengiz IF, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. Micro-CT - a digital 3D microstructural voyage into scaffolds: a systematic review of the reported methods and results. Biomater Res 2018; 22:26. [PMID: 30275969 PMCID: PMC6158835 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-018-0136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell behavior is the key to tissue regeneration. Given the fact that most of the cells used in tissue engineering are anchorage-dependent, their behavior including adhesion, growth, migration, matrix synthesis, and differentiation is related to the design of the scaffolds. Thus, characterization of the scaffolds is highly required. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides a powerful platform to analyze, visualize, and explore any portion of interest in the scaffold in a 3D fashion without cutting or destroying it with the benefit of almost no sample preparation need. MAIN BODY This review highlights the relationship between the scaffold microstructure and cell behavior, and provides the basics of the micro-CT method. In this work, we also analyzed the original papers that were published in 2016 through a systematic search to address the need for specific improvements in the methods section of the papers including the amount of provided information from the obtained results. CONCLUSION Micro-CT offers a unique microstructural analysis of biomaterials, notwithstanding the associated challenges and limitations. Future studies that will include micro-CT characterization of scaffolds should report the important details of the method, and the derived quantitative and qualitative information can be maximized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Fatih Cengiz
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Joaquim Miguel Oliveira
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision Medicine, Headquarters at University of Minho, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
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Kamal M, Andersson L, Al-Asfour A, Bartella AK, Gremse F, Rosenhain S, Gabato S, Hölzle F, Kessler P, Lethaus B. Bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial critical-sized defects filled with composite in situ
formed xenogenic dentin and biphasic tricalcium phosphate/hyroxyapatite mixture. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2018; 107:773-782. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamal
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Lars Andersson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center; Kuwait University; Safat Kuwait
| | - Adel Al-Asfour
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Health Sciences Center; Kuwait University; Safat Kuwait
| | - Alexander K. Bartella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Stefanie Rosenhain
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Severino Gabato
- Animal Resources Centre, Health Sciences Center; Kuwait University; Safat Kuwait
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
| | - Peter Kessler
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology; Maastricht University Medical Center; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Lethaus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; RWTH Aachen University; Aachen Germany
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Kamal M, Andersson L, Tolba R, Al-Asfour A, Bartella AK, Gremse F, Rosenhain S, Hölzle F, Kessler P, Lethaus B. Bone regeneration using composite non-demineralized xenogenic dentin with beta-tricalcium phosphate in experimental alveolar cleft repair in a rabbit model. J Transl Med 2017; 15:263. [PMID: 29274638 PMCID: PMC5742260 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar cleft repair is performed via bone grafting procedure to restore the dental arch continuity. A suitable bone substitute materials should possess osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, to promote new bone formation, along with a slowly resorbable scaffold that is subsequently replaced with functionally viable bone. Calcium phosphate biomaterials have long proved their efficacy as bone replacement materials. Dentin in several forms has also demonstrated its possibility to be used as bone graft replacement material in several studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate bone regeneration pattern and quantify bone formation after grafting pre-established experimental alveolar clefts defects model in rabbits using composite xenogenic dentin and β-TCP in comparison to β-TCP alone. Methods Unilateral alveolar cleft defects were created in 16 New Zealand rabbits according to previously described methodology. Alveolar clefts were allowed 8 weeks healing period. 8 defects were filled with β-TCP, whereas 8 defects filled with composite xenogenic dentin with β-TCP. Bone regeneration of the healed defects was compared at the 8 weeks after intervention. Quantification of bone formation was analyzed using micro-computed tomography (µCT) and histomorphometric analysis. Results µCT and histomorphometric analysis revealed that defects filled with composite dentin/β-TCP showed statistically higher bone volume fraction, bone mineral density and percentage residual graft volume when compared to β-TCP alone. An improved surgical handling of the composite dentin/β-TCP graft was also noted. Conclusions Composite xenogenic dentin/β-TCP putty expresses enhanced bone regeneration compared to β-TCP alone in the reconstruction of rabbit alveolar clefts defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamal
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan, Postbus 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Lars Andersson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, 13110, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Rene Tolba
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Experimental Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Adel Al-Asfour
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Kuwait University, 13110, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Alexander K Bartella
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Gremse
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Rosenhain
- Department of Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Frank Hölzle
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Peter Kessler
- Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery and GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan, Postbus 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernd Lethaus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Murphy MP, Quarto N, Longaker MT, Wan DC. * Calvarial Defects: Cell-Based Reconstructive Strategies in the Murine Model. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2017; 23:971-981. [PMID: 28825366 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2017.0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calvarial defects pose a continued clinical dilemma for reconstruction. Advancements within the fields of stem cell biology and tissue engineering have enabled researchers to develop reconstructive strategies using animal models. We review the utility of various animal models and focus on the mouse, which has aided investigators in understanding cranial development and calvarial bone healing. The murine model has also been used to study regenerative approaches to critical-sized calvarial defects, and we discuss the application of stem cells such as bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells, adipose-derived stromal cells, muscle-derived stem cells, and pluripotent stem cells to address deficient bone in this animal. Finally, we highlight strategies to manipulate stem cells using various growth factors and inhibitors and ultimately how these factors may prove crucial in future advancements within calvarial reconstruction using native skeletal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Murphy
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California.,2 Lorry I. Lokey Stem Cell Research Building, Stanford Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Natalina Quarto
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Michael T Longaker
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California.,2 Lorry I. Lokey Stem Cell Research Building, Stanford Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Derrick C Wan
- 1 Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, Department of Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California
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Exercise enhance the ectopic bone formation of calcium phosphate biomaterials in muscles of mice. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 77:136-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.03.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 12/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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