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Kong YQ, Dong XX, Zhao JZ, An PG, Li YZ, Ma R, Tang YJ, Liu J, Cheng ML, Li Q. The Use of 810 and 1064 nm Lasers on Dental Implants: In Vitro Analysis of Temperature, Surface Alterations, and Biological Behavior in Human Gingival Fibroblasts. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:644-654. [PMID: 37638820 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of 810 and 1064 nm laser treatment on dental implants. Background: Peri-implantitis is a challenge for clinicians and researchers. Methods: A pig mandible model was used to evaluate temperature increases during laser irradiation. Surface alterations on processed pure titanium discs were analyzed via scanning electron microscopy and measurement of surface contact angles. Processed titanium discs were cocultured in vitro with human gingival fibroblasts; subsequently, cell proliferation was measured. Results: The maximum temperature and time to reach each threshold were comparable. No surface alterations were detected after 810 nm laser irradiation, whereas surface cracks were observed after 1064 nm laser irradiation under the parameter setting of 31.84 W/cm2. Compared with unaltered processed pure titanium discs, the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts was significantly greater on altered processed pure titanium discs. Conclusions: The use of either 810 or 1064 nm laser treatments may increase the risk of thermal damage in terms of increased temperature if the parameter setting is not warranted. In addition, the use of 1064 nm laser treatment could lead to changes in pure titanium discs that do not negatively affect cell proliferation. Further investigations of laser-assisted therapy are necessary to improve guidelines concerning the treatment of peri-implantitis. Clinical trial registration number: 2021-P2-098-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qun Kong
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Dong
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Ji-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Pu-Gen An
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Qingdao Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Li
- Department of Stomatology, Yuquan Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Second Outpatient Department of Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - You-Jia Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Lin Cheng
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Stomatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Effects on the Titanium Implant Surface by Different Hygiene Instrumentations: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2022; 14:e30884. [PMID: 36465763 PMCID: PMC9708459 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant disease is usually caused by the accumulation of dental biofilm around the implant, and this biofilm can irradiate the gingiva tissue, which leads to inflammation and, more severely, to a deterioration of the bone structure. There is a concern regarding the removal of biofilm from the implant surface by using different hygiene instruments. Some hygiene instruments may have some effect on the dental implant surface, resulting in roughening or damage to the implant surfaces. This study reviewed the effects of titanium implant surfaces on different hygiene instruments. A literature search was conducted from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases for articles published from 1992 to 2021. A total of 19 full-text papers with keywords of interest that met all the eligibility criteria were selected. Surface roughness was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope and also using a profilometer, laser scanning, scanning probe, and atomic force microscopes. A metal curette produced a roughened surface on the titanium implant, but a plastic curette did not alter the surface. Instrumentation with rubber cups left the surface unchanged and appeared to smoothen the surface, whereas the air-powder abrasive instrumentation altered the surface with the presence of micro pits and pores. A conventional metal ultrasonic scaler showed significant surface topographical changes and scratches on both titanium surfaces, as a diode laser, light-emitting diode (LED), and laser treatment did not show any alteration on the rough and smooth titanium surfaces. Thus, a non-metallic instrument such as a plastic curette, rubber cups, and novel technology including diode laser, LED, and laser treatment is appropriate and can be used for debridement on smooth and machined titanium implant surfaces as well as sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA), titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS), and resorbable blasted media (RBM) surfaces. The use of metallic instruments should be avoided, and it is not recommended.
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Rahman B, Acharya AB, Siddiqui R, Verron E, Badran Z. Photodynamic Therapy for Peri-Implant Diseases. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070918. [PMID: 35884171 PMCID: PMC9311944 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peri-implant diseases are frequently presented in patients with dental implants. This category of inflammatory infections includes peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis that are primarily caused by the oral bacteria that colonize the implant and the supporting soft and hard tissues. Other factors also contribute to the pathogenesis of peri-implant diseases. Based on established microbial etiology, mechanical debridement has been the standard management approach for peri-implant diseases. To enhance the improvement of therapeutic outcomes, adjunctive treatment in the form of antibiotics, probiotics, lasers, etc. have been reported in the literature. Recently, the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT)/antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) centered on the premise that a photoactive substance offers benefits in the resolution of peri-implant diseases has gained attention. Herein, the reported role of PDT in peri-implant diseases, as well as existing observations and opinions regarding PDT, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Rahman
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
| | - Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui
- College of Arts and Sciences, University City, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Elise Verron
- CNRS, UMR 6230, CEISAM, UFR Sciences et Techniques, Université de Nantes, 2, rue de la Houssinière, BP 92208, CEDEX 3, 44322 Nantes, France;
| | - Zahi Badran
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates; (B.R.); (A.B.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Amid R, Kadkhodazadeh M, Mojahedi SM, Gilvari Sarshari M, Zamani Z. Physicochemical Changes of Contaminated Titanium Discs Treated With Erbium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Er:YAG) Laser Irradiation or Air-Flow Abrasion: An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2022; 12:e67. [PMID: 35155152 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Peri-implantitis is a common complication of dental implant treatment. A cause-and-effect relationship has been previously documented between microbial plaque and peri-implantitis and implant failure. A difference has been reported in the disinfection efficacy of erbium laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion for contaminated titanium surfaces. Also, the surface changes caused by lasers and air-flow abrasion have not been well studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the surface changes of contaminated titanium discs following decontamination by erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion. Methods: Twenty-eight intact, sandblasted, and acid-etched (SLA) titanium discs were used. Twenty-four titanium discs were contaminated with Escherichia coli. Then, they were decontaminated by using Er:YAG laser irradiation and air-flow abrasion. Four discs remained intact. The mean and standard deviation of the contact angle and the weight percentage of aluminum, titanium, oxygen, carbon, phosphorus, and calcium were measured. Qualitative changes in surface topography of titanium discs were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The mean weight percentage of carbon in the air-flow abrasion group (4.98%) experienced a significant reduction compared with the contaminated (positive control) group (P=0.035). The contact angles were 46.54° and 38.67° in the laser and air-flow abrasion groups respectively, which were significantly lower than the value in the positive control group (75.15°) (P ≤0.001). SEM micrographs showed no significant change in the surface area in either technique. Conclusion: Air-flow abrasion was more successful in improving the surface characteristics of titanium discs with no alteration in surface topography or elements, compared with Er:YAG laser irradiation. Further studies regarding the safety of the Er:YAG laser for the decontamination of titanium surfaces are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Amid
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Massoud Mojahedi
- Department of Laser, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Gilvari Sarshari
- Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Zamani
- Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Karimi MR, Farkhondemehr B, Ghaeni Najafi M, Etemadi A, Chiniforush N. Efficacy of titanium brush, 915 nm diode laser, citric acid for eradication of Staphylococcus aureus from implant surfaces. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:631. [PMID: 34876098 PMCID: PMC8650515 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the efficacy of titanium brush, 915 nm diode laser, citric acid and the combination of latter two with titanium brush for decontamination of SLA surface mini-implants. METHODS Seventy-five mini-implants contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n = 12) of titanium brush (TiB), laser, citric acid (CA), brush-laser, and brush-acid, positive [n = 12; chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX)] and negative [n = 2; phosphate buffered saline (PBS)] control groups and one no-treatment group (n = 1). After counting the colony forming units (CFUs), data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-hoc tests. RESULTS Regardless of the no-treatment and negative control groups, maximum and minimum CFUs were noted in the titanium brush and positive control groups. After CHX, minimum CFUs were noted in brush-acid group followed by brush-laser, laser, and acid groups. Generally, the Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between the groups regarding the colony count (P < 0.001). Dunn post-hoc test showed that the difference between the titanium brush and acid-brush group was significant (P < 0.001) while the differences between the brush and laser groups with the brush-laser group were not significant (P > 0.077). CONCLUSIONS Combined use of titanium brush and citric acid yielded superior results compared to other groups in reduction of S. aureus on implant surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Karimi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behshad Farkhondemehr
- Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ardavan Etemadi
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Decontamination of Dental Implant Surfaces by the Er:YAG Laser Beam: A Comparative in Vitro Study of Various Protocols. Dent J (Basel) 2018; 6:dj6040066. [PMID: 30513706 PMCID: PMC6313799 DOI: 10.3390/dj6040066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral rehabilitation with dental implants has revolutionized the field of dentistry and has been proven to be an effective procedure. However, the incidence of peri-implantitis has become an emerging concern. The efficacy of the decontamination of the implant surface, by means of lasers, is still controversial. Previous studies have revealed a reduction in osteoblast adhesion to carbon-contaminated implant surfaces. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the decontamination of failed implants by assessing the carbon proportion, after irradiation by low-energy erbium yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser (Er:YAG) (Fotona; 2940 nm, Ljubljana, Slovenia) for a single and for multiple passages, until getting a surface, free of organic matters; to find the appropriate procedure for dental-implant surface-decontamination. Ninety implants were used. Thirty sterile implants were kept as a negative control. Thirty failed implants were irradiated by the Er:YAG laser, for a single passage, and the other thirty, for multiple passages. The parameters used in our experiments were an irradiation energy of 50 mJ, frequency of 30 Hz, and an energy density of 3.76 J/cm2. A sapphire tip, with a length of 8 mm, was used with concomitant water spray irrigation, under air 6 and water spray 4. Super short pulse mode (SSP) was of 50 μs; irradiation speed being 2 mm/s. We used energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) to evaluate the carbon proportion on the surfaces of the sterile implants, the contaminated, and the lased implants, with one (LX1) and with three passages (LX3). Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Results showed mean difference between the three groups (contaminated, LX1, and LX3) with p < 0.0001, as between LX1 and Group A (p < 0.0001), while the difference between LX3 and the control group was not statistically significant. The decontamination of the implant surfaces with a low-energy Er:YAG laser with three passages, appeared to be an encouraging approach.
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Alshehri FA. The role of lasers in the treatment of peri-implant diseases: A review. Saudi Dent J 2016; 28:103-8. [PMID: 27656076 PMCID: PMC5021821 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We reviewed the indexed literature regarding the efficacy of laser therapy in the treatment of peri-implantitis (PI). Databases were searched using combinations of the following keywords: peri-implantitis, bone loss, photodynamic therapy, laser, and light-activated disinfection. Titles and abstracts of publications from these search results were screened to determine which studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Full texts of relevant studies were read and independently assessed against the eligibility criteria. The resulting 28 studies described the role of lasers in the treatment of PI. The erbium:yttrium–aluminum-garnet laser can be used to sterilize implant surfaces without damaging them. Likewise, the carbon dioxide laser can disinfect implant surfaces and enhance the bone-to-implant contact around previously infected sites. Photodynamic therapy exhibits high target specificity and can destroy pathogens associated with the etiology of PI. Laser therapy can significantly reduce levels of clinical markers of peri-implant tissue inflammation (i.e., bleeding upon probing and clinical attachment loss) without jeopardizing the integrity of the implant or alveolar bone. In conclusion, laser therapy as an adjunct to conventional mechanical debridement therapy can be used effectively for the treatment of PI.
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8
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Al-Hashedi AA, Laurenti M, Benhamou V, Tamimi F. Decontamination of titanium implants using physical methods. Clin Oral Implants Res 2016; 28:1013-1021. [PMID: 27392811 DOI: 10.1111/clr.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Current decontamination methods of titanium (Ti) implant present limited success in achieving predictable re-osseointegration. We hypothesized that even though these techniques could be useful in elimination of bacteria, they might be unsuccessful in removing organic contaminants and restoring the original surface composition. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of four decontamination methods on the surface chemistry and bacterial load of biofilm-contaminated implant surfaces in order to improve implant surface decontamination. MATERIAL AND METHODS The ability of clinically available methods such as metal and plastic curettes, Ti brushes and Er: YAG laser to decontaminate Ti implant surfaces was assessed. Surface morphology, chemical composition and properties of machined Ti discs (Ø 5.0 and 1.0 mm thick) were analysed before and after oral biofilm contamination using scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The presence and viability of bacteria were evaluated with live-dead assays. RESULTS Biofilm contamination created an organic layer rich in hydrocarbons and bacteria that covered entirely the Ti surfaces. This organic layer has tightly adhered to Ti surfaces and could not be completely removed with any of the methods assessed. Ti brushes achieved greater elimination of organic contaminants and bacteria than curettes and Er: YAG laser; however, none of them was able to restore the original surface chemistry. Alternatively, Er: YAG laser-treated surfaces showed the lowest live-to-dead bacterial ratio. CONCLUSIONS Ti brushes were more effective than curettes (metal or plastic) and Er: YAG laser in decontaminating Ti implant surfaces, although none of these techniques was able to completely eliminate surface contamination. Er: YAG laser was more effective than curettes and Ti brushes in killing the biofilm bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwaq A Al-Hashedi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Marco Laurenti
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Faleh Tamimi
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, dental implants have been found to have high predictability and survival rates because of improvements in knowledge, clinical expertise, and implant designs. As such, dental implants are frequently integrated in the clinical management of fully or partially edentulous patients. It is prudent to realize that despite the high early survival rates, dental implants do have their fair share of long-term esthetic, biological, and mechanical complications. Therefore, this paper aims to review the current evidence on the management of peri-implant diseases in an attempt to answer the following question: Can periimplantitis be treated?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Fu
- Discipline of Periodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 11 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119083, Singapore
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, 1011 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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Park JB, Lee SH, Kim N, Park S, Jin SH, Choi BK, Kim KK, Ko Y. Instrumentation With Ultrasonic Scalers Facilitates Cleaning of the Sandblasted and Acid-Etched Titanium Implants. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2015; 41:419-28. [DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-13-00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical instrumentation is widely used to debride dental implants, but this may alter the surface properties of titanium, which in turn may influence bacterial adhesion and make it more difficult to remove the biofilm. This in vitro study was performed (1) to assess the amount of biofilm formation on a sand-blasted and acid-etched titanium fixture treated with ultrasonic scalers with metal, plastic, and carbon tips and (2) to evaluate how this treatment of titanium surfaces affects implant cleaning by brushing with dentifrice. The titanium fixtures were treated with various ultrasonic scaler tips, and surface roughness parameters were measured by confocal microscopy. Biofilm was formed on the treated fixtures by using pooled saliva from 10 subjects, and the quantity of the adherent bacteria was compared with crystal violet assay. The fixture surfaces with biofilm were brushed for total of 30 seconds with a toothbrush with dentifrice. The bacteria remaining on the brushed fixture surfaces were quantified by scanning electron microscopy. Surface changes were evident, and the changes of the surfaces were more discernible when metal tips were used. A statistically significant decrease in roughness value (arithmetic mean height of the surface) was seen in the 2 metal-tip groups and the single plastic-tip group. After brushing with dentifrice, the treated surfaces in all the treatment groups showed significantly fewer bacteria compared with the untreated surfaces in the control group, and the parts of the surfaces left untreated in the test groups. Within the limits of this study, treatment of titanium fixture surfaces with ultrasonic metal, plastic, or carbon tips significantly enhanced the bacterial removal efficacy of brushing. Thorough instrumentation that smooths the whole exposed surface may facilitate maintenance of the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Beom Park
- Department of Periodontics, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - NamRyang Kim
- Department of Periodontics, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seojin Park
- Department of Periodontics, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Jin
- Department of Periodontics, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Kyu Choi
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kack-Kyun Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngkyung Ko
- Department of Periodontics, Seoul St Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Monzavi A, Shahabi S, Fekrazad R, Behruzi R, Chiniforush N. Implant Surface Temperature Changes during Er:YAG Laser Irradiation with Different Cooling Systems. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY (TEHRAN, IRAN) 2014; 11:210-5. [PMID: 24910697 PMCID: PMC4043553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis is one of the most common reasons for implant failure. Decontamination of infected implant surfaces can be achieved effectively by laser irradiation; although the associated thermal rise may cause irreversible bone damage and lead to implant loss. Temperature increments of over 10ºC during laser application may suffice for irreversible bone damage. PURPOSE OF STUDY The purpose of this study was to evaluate the temperature increment of implant surface during Er:YAG laser irradiation with different cooling systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three implants were placed in a resected block of sheep mandible and irradiated with Er:YAG laser with 3 different cooling systems namely water and air spray, air spray alone and no water or air spray. Temperature changes of the implant surface were monitored during laser irradiation with a K-type thermocouple at the apical area of the fixture. RESULTS In all 3 groups, the maximum temperature rise was lower than 10°C. Temperature changes were significantly different with different cooling systems used (P<0.001). CONCLUSION Based on the results, no thermal damage was observed during implant surface decontamination by Er:YAG laser with and without refrigeration. Thus, Er:YAG laser irradiation can be a safe method for treatment of periimplantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Monzavi
- Associate Professor, Laser Research Center of Dentistry (LRCD), School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Shahabi
- Associate Professor, Laser Research Center of Dentistry (LRCD), School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Fekrazad
- Associate Professor, Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences (LRCMS), AJA University of Medical Sciences-Laser Research Center of Dentistry (LRCD), School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roohollah Behruzi
- Postgraduate student, department of endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: R. Behruzi, Postgraduate Student, Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- PhD Candidate of Laser Dentistry, Laser Research Center of Dentistry (LRCD), School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Mailoa J, Lin GH, Chan HL, MacEachern M, Wang HL. Clinical outcomes of using lasers for peri-implantitis surface detoxification: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1194-202. [PMID: 24476547 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.130620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this systematic review is to compare the clinical outcomes of lasers with other commonly applied detoxification methods for treating peri-implantitis. An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles were conducted. Comparative human clinical trials and case series with ≥ 6 months of follow-up in ≥ 10 patients with peri-implantitis treated with lasers were included. Additionally, animal studies applying lasers for treating peri-implantitis were also included. The included studies had to report probing depth (PD) reduction after the therapy. RESULTS Seven human prospective clinical trials and two animal studies were included. In four and three human studies, lasers were accompanied with surgical and non-surgical treatments, respectively. The meta-analyses showed an overall weighted mean difference of 0.00 mm (95% confidence interval = -0.18 to 0.19 mm) PD reduction between the laser and conventional treatment groups (P = 0.98) for non-surgical intervention. In animal studies, laser-treated rough-surface implants had a higher percentage of bone-to-implant contact than smooth-surface implants. In a short-term follow-up, lasers resulted in similar PD reduction when compared with conventional implant surface decontamination methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Mailoa
- Graduate Periodontics, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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Mellado-Valero A, Buitrago-Vera P, Solá-Ruiz MF, Ferrer-García JC. Decontamination of dental implant surface in peri-implantitis treatment: a literature review. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2013; 18:e869-76. [PMID: 23986023 PMCID: PMC3854079 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.19420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Etiological treatment of peri-implantitis aims to reduce the bacterial load within the peri-implant pocket and decontaminate the implant surface in order to promote osseointegration. The aim of this literature review was to evaluate the efficacy of different methods of implant surface decontamination. A search was conducted using the PubMed (Medline) database, which identified 36 articles including in vivo and in vitro studies, and reviews of different decontamination systems (chemical, mechanical, laser and photodynamic therapies). There is sufficient consensus that, for the treatment of peri-implant infections, the mechanical removal of biofilm from the implant surface should be supplemented by chemical decontamination with surgical access. However, more long-term research is needed to confirm this and to establish treatment protocols responding to different implant characterics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mellado-Valero
- U. D. Prostodoncia y oclusión, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Valencia, Clinica Odontológica, C/Gascó Oliag n 1, Valencia 46010, Spain,
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Hauser-Gerspach I, Mauth C, Waltimo T, Meyer J, Stübinger S. Effects of Er:YAG laser on bacteria associated with titanium surfaces and cellular response in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 29:1329-37. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1303-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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