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Feng Y, Zhang Y, Wei X, Zhang Q. Correlations of DKK1 with pathogenesis and prognosis of human multiple myeloma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 24:195-201. [PMID: 30614800 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-181909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human multiple myeloma (MM) is a kind of common tumor in middle-aged and elderly people, in which the osteolytic lesion is formed mainly through inhibiting osteoblast (OB) differentiation and promoting osteoclast (OC) differentiation. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a soluble Wnt inhibitor, which has an important correlation with the pathogenesis of human MM. Therefore, the correlations of DKK1 with pathogenesis and prognosis of human MM were investigated in this study. METHODS The DKK1 expression in tissues and serum of myeloma patients was detected via immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation between DKK1 expression and survival time of patients was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier analysis. To further study the mechanism of DKK1 expression in pathogenesis and prognosis of human MM, MM cells were treated with DKK1 neutralizing antibody (BHQ880) or transfected with DKK1-small-interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) to study its effects on OB differentiation, osteocalcin level, β-catenin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) secretion. Moreover, the effect of DKK1-siRNA transfection on the activity of U266 cells was detected via methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. RESULTS The DKK1 expression in tissues and serum of myeloma patients was significantly higher than that in control group (p< 0.01). In terms of survival time, the median survival time (45 months) in patients with low DKK1 expression was significantly longer than that in patients with high DKK1 expression (only 22 months). The DKK1 neutralizing antibody (BHQ880) and DKK1-siRNA significantly reduced the DKK1 level in MM cells, promoted the OB differentiation, increased the osteocalcin deposition, promoted the β-catenin expression and decreased the IL-6 expression and β-catenin phosphorylation. DKK1-siRNA could also reduce the proliferative activity of MM cells. CONCLUSION DKK1 is closely related to the pathogenesis and prognosis of human MM, which might be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youfan Feng
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Huining County People's Hospital, Baiyin, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qike Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Multiple myeloma-derived exosomes are enriched of amphiregulin (AREG) and activate the epidermal growth factor pathway in the bone microenvironment leading to osteoclastogenesis. J Hematol Oncol 2019; 12:2. [PMID: 30621731 PMCID: PMC6325886 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0689-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell malignancy associated with osteolytic bone disease. Recently, the role of MM-derived exosomes in the osteoclastogenesis has been demonstrated although the underlying mechanism is still unknown. Since exosomes-derived epidermal growth factor receptor ligands (EGFR) are involved in tumor-associated osteolysis, we hypothesize that the EGFR ligand amphiregulin (AREG) can be delivered by MM-derived exosomes and participate in MM-induced osteoclastogenesis. Methods Exosomes were isolated from the conditioned medium of MM1.S cell line and from bone marrow (BM) plasma samples of MM patients. The murine cell line RAW264.7 and primary human CD14+ cells were used as osteoclast (OC) sources. Results We found that AREG was specifically enriched in exosomes from MM samples and that exosomes-derived AREG led to the activation of EGFR in pre-OC, as showed by the increase of mRNA expression of its downstream SNAIL in both RAW264.7 and CD14+ cells. The presence of neutralizing anti-AREG monoclonal antibody (mAb) reverted this effect. Consequently, we showed that the effect of MM-derived exosomes on osteoclast differentiation was inhibited by the pre-treatment of exosomes with anti-AREG mAb. In addition, we demonstrated the ability of MM-derived AREG-enriched exosomes to be internalized into human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) blocking osteoblast (OB) differentiation, increasing MM cell adhesion and the release of the pro-osteoclastogenic cytokine interleukin-8 (IL8). Accordingly, anti-AREG mAb inhibited the release of IL8 by MSCs suggesting that both direct and indirect effects are responsible for AREG-enriched exosomes involvement on MM-induced osteoclastogenesis. Conclusions In conclusion, our data indicate that AREG is packed into MM-derived exosomes and implicated in OC differentiation through an indirect mechanism mediated by OBs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13045-018-0689-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Xu S, De Veirman K, De Becker A, Vanderkerken K, Van Riet I. Mesenchymal stem cells in multiple myeloma: a therapeutical tool or target? Leukemia 2018; 32:1500-1514. [PMID: 29535427 PMCID: PMC6035148 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0061-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell (PC) disorder, characterized by a complex interactive network of tumour cells and the bone marrow (BM) stromal microenvironment, contributing to MM cell survival, proliferation and chemoresistance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent the predominant stem cell population of the bone marrow stroma, capable of differentiating into multiple cell lineages, including fibroblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts. MSCs can migrate towards primary tumours and metastatic sites, implying that these cells might modulate tumour growth and metastasis. However, this issue remains controversial and is not well understood. Interestingly, several recent studies have shown functional abnormalities of MM patient-derived MSCs indicating that MSCs are not just by-standers in the BM microenvironment but rather active players in the pathophysiology of this disease. It appears that the complex interaction of MSCs and MM cells is critical for MM development and disease outcome. This review will focus on the current understanding of the biological role of MSCs in MM as well as the potential utility of MSC-based therapies in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xu
- Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann De Becker
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ivan Van Riet
- Department Hematology- Stem Cell Laboratory, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Brussels, Belgium.
- Research Group Hematology and Immunology-Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Myeloma Center Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhou D, Sun Y, Wang P, Ju S, Chen P, Li J, Fu J. Impact of connexin 43 coupling on survival and migration of multiple myeloma cells. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:1335-1346. [PMID: 29181063 PMCID: PMC5701698 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.71065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gap junctions (GJs) represent the best known intercellular communication (IC) system and are membrane-spanning channels that facilitate intercellular communication by allowing small signaling molecules to pass from cell to cell. In this study, we constructed an amino terminus of human Cx43 (Cx43NT-GFP), verified the overexpression of Cx43-NT in HUVEC cells and explored the impact of gap junctions (GJs) on multiple myeloma (MM). MATERIAL AND METHODS The levels of phosphorylated Cx43(s368) and the change of MAPK pathway associated molecules (ERK1/2, JNK, p38, NFκB) were also investigated in our cell models. Cx43 mRNA and proteins were detected in both MM cell lines and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Dye transfer assays demonstrated that gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) occurring via Cx43 situated between MM and MSCs or MM and HUVECCx43NT is functional. RESULTS Our results present evidence for a channel-dependent modulator action of connexin 43 on the migratory activity of MM cells toward MSCs or HUVECCx43-N was higher than those of spontaneous migration (p < 0.05) and protection them from apoptosis in the presence of dexamethasone via cytokines secretion. In the meantime, the migration of MM cells involves an augmented response of p38 and JNK signaling pathway of carboxyl tail of the protein. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that GJIC between MM and MSCs is one of the essential factors in tumor cell proliferation and drug sensitivity, and is implicated in MM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangmin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dongming Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Panjun Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Songguang Ju
- Department of Immunology, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinxiang Fu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Fu J. Cx43 expressed on bone marrow stromal cells plays an essential role in multiple myeloma cell survival and drug resistance. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:236-245. [PMID: 28144277 PMCID: PMC5206379 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2017.64722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Connexin-43 (Cx43), a connexin constituent of gap junctions (GJs) is mainly expressed in bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and played a important role on hematopoiesis. In this study, we explored the role of gap junctions (GJs) formed by Cx43 between BMSCs and multiple myeloma (MM) cells. MATERIAL AND METHODS qPCR and western blot assays were employed to assay Cx43 expression in three MM cell lines (RPMI 8266, U266, and XG7), freshly isolated MM cells, and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Cx43 mRNA and proteins were detected in all three MM cell lines and six out of seven freshly isolated MM cells. RESUTHS The BMSCs from MM patients expressed Cx43 at higher levels than of normal donor (ND-BMSCs). Dye transfer assays demonstrated that gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) occurring via Cx43 situated between MM and BMSCs is functional. Cytometry beads array (CBA) assays showed that cytokines production changed when the ND-BMSCs were co-cultured with MM cells, especially the levels of IL-6, SDF-1α and IL-10 were higher than those the cells cultured alone and decreased significantly in the presence of GJ inhibitor heptanol. Our results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of BTZ to MM cells decreased significantly in the presence of BMSCs, an effect that was partially recovered in the presence of GJ inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that GJIC between MM and BMSCs is a critical factor in tumor cell proliferation and drug sensitivity, and is implicated in MM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiang Fu
- Department of Hematology, No. 2 Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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The interaction between Sertoli cells and luekemia inhibitory factor on the propagation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells in vitro. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 2015; 13:679-86. [PMID: 26730242 PMCID: PMC4695682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sertoli cells play a pivotal role in creating microenvironments essential for spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) self-renewal and commitment to differentiation. Maintenance of SSCs and or induction of in vitro spermiogenesis may provide a therapeutic strategy to treat male infertility. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the role of luekemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on the propagation of SSCs and both functions of Sertoli cells on the proliferation and differentiation of these cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS SSCs were sorted from the testes of adult male mice by magnetic activated cell sorting and thymus cell antigen 1 antibody. On the other hand, isolated Sertoli cells were enriched using lectin coated plates. SSCs were cultured on Sertoli cells for 7 days in the absence or presence of LIF. The effects of these conditions were evaluated by microscopy and expression of meiotic and post meiotic transcripts by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Our data showed that SSCs co-cultured with Sertoli cells in the presence of LIF formed colonies on top of the Sertoli cells. These colonies had alkaline phosphatesase activity and expressed SSCs specific genes. SSCs were enjoyed limited development after the mere removal of LIF, and exhibiting expression of meiotic and postmeiotic transcript and loss of SSCs specific gene expression (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings represent co-culture of SSCs with Sertoli cells provides conditions that may allow efficient proliferation and differentiation of SSCs for male infertility treatment.
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Edaravone protects osteoblastic cells from dexamethasone through inhibiting oxidative stress and mPTP opening. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 409:51-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Zhang W, Gu Y, Sun Q, Siegel DS, Tolias P, Yang Z, Lee WY, Zilberberg J. Ex Vivo Maintenance of Primary Human Multiple Myeloma Cells through the Optimization of the Osteoblastic Niche. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125995. [PMID: 25973790 PMCID: PMC4431864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported a new approach for culturing difficult-to-preserve primary patient-derived multiple myeloma cells (MMC) using an osteoblast (OSB)-derived 3D tissue scaffold constructed in a perfused microfluidic environment and a culture medium supplemented with patient plasma. In the current study, we used this biomimetic model to show, for the first time, that the long-term survival of OSB is the most critical factor in maintaining the ex vivo viability and proliferative capacity of MMC. We found that the adhesion and retention of MMC to the tissue scaffold was meditated by osteoblastic N-cadherin, as one of potential mechanisms that regulate MMC-OSB interactions. However, in the presence of MMC and patient plasma, the viability and osteogenic activity of OSB became gradually compromised, and consequently MMC could not remain viable over 3 weeks. We demonstrated that the long-term survival of both OSB and MMC could be enhanced by: (1) optimizing perfusion flow rate and patient-derived plasma composition in the culture medium and (2) replenishing OSB during culture as a practical means of prolonging MMC's viability beyond several weeks. These findings were obtained using a high-throughput well plate-based perfusion device from the perspective of optimizing the ex vivo preservation of patient-derived MM biospecimens for downstream use in biological studies and chemosensitivity analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
| | - Yexin Gu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
| | - Qiaoling Sun
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
| | - David S. Siegel
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States of America
| | - Peter Tolias
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
- Center for Healthcare Innovation, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
| | - Zheng Yang
- Research Department, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States of America
| | - Woo Y. Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States of America
| | - Jenny Zilberberg
- John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States of America
- Research Department, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a common hematological malignancy that leads to the occurrence of bone lesions. The combination of traditional cytotoxic and novel agents is usually taken to treat multiple myeloma-related bone diseases. However, the curative effect is not very satisfactory. Stem cell-based therapy has been recently introduced and investigated, which represents a new frontier in the treatment of multiple myeloma. In a recent interesting study, Dr Atsuta and colleagues provide a new insight into the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on multiple myeloma via Fas/Fas ligand pathway, which rekindles the fire of hope for those patients suffering from multiple myeloma.
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Atsuta I, Liu S, Miura Y, Akiyama K, Chen C, An Y, Shi S, Chen FM. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit multiple myeloma cells via the Fas/Fas ligand pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 4:111. [PMID: 24025590 PMCID: PMC3854680 DOI: 10.1186/scrt322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cell-based therapy represents a new frontier in the treatment of a wide variety of human diseases traditionally associated with morbidity outcomes, including those involving inflammation, autoimmunity, tissue damage, and cancer. However, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease has raised concerns. Specifically, evidence has shown that infused MSCs might support tumor growth and metastasis. Methods In this study, we used a standard disseminated MM model in mice to identify the in vivo effects of intravenous MSC infusion. In addition, a series of in vitro co-culture assays were preformed to explore whether Fas/Fas ligand (Fas-L) is involved in the inhibitory effects of MSCs on MM cells. Results In the MM mouse model, treatment of MSCs with highly expressed Fas ligand (Fas-Lhigh MSCs) showed remarkable inhibitory effects on MM indenization in terms of extending the mouse survival rate and inhibiting tumor growth, bone resorption in the lumbus and collum femoris, and MM cell metastasis in the lungs and kidneys. In addition, reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis of MM cells was observed when co-cultured with Fas-Lhigh MSCs in vitro. Furthermore, mechanistically, the binding between Fas and Fas-L significantly induced apoptosis in MM cells, as evidenced through an increase in the expression of apoptosis marker and Fas in MM cells. In contrast, Fas-Lnull MSCs promote MM growth. Conclusions These data suggest that Fas/Fas-L-induced MM apoptosis plays a crucial role in the MSC-based inhibition of MM growth. Although whether MSCs inhibit or promote cancer growth remains controversial, the levels of Fas-L expression in MSCs determine, at least partially, the effects of MSCs on MM cell growth.
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Audo R, Combe B, Hahne M, Morel J. The two directions of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine 2013; 63:81-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Zwierzchowski TJ, Stasikowska-Kanicka O, Danilewicz M, Fabiś J. Assessment of apoptosis and MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 expression in tibial hyaline cartilage after viable medial meniscus transplantation in the rabbit. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8:1108-14. [PMID: 23319989 PMCID: PMC3542481 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.30947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The porpuse of this animal study was to assess chondrocyte apoptosis and MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 expression in rabbit tibial cartilage 6 months after viable medial meniscal autografts and allografts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty white male New Zealand rabbits were chosen for the study. The medial meniscus was excised from 14 animals and stored under tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks, following which t of them were implantated as autografts and 7 as allografts. The control group consisted of 6 animals which underwent arthtrotomy. When the animals were eutanized, the tibial cartilage was used for immunohisochemical examination. Apoptosis (TUNEL method) and MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 expression were estimated semiquantatively. RESULTS An increased level of chodrocyte apoptosis in the tibail cartilage was observed after both kinds of transplants (p < 0.05), allografts (1.43 ±0.98) and autografts (0.86 ±0.69); no statistical diferences existed between them. An increased level of metalloproteinases and TIMP-2 expression was obreved only after allografts with statistical differences among the allograft group, the autograft group nad the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the meniscal graft does not protect the hyaline cartilage against excessive apoptosis. The results of experimantal studies on humans indicate the need to device a method of apoptosis inhibition in the hyaline cartilage to improve long-term results of meniscal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J. Zwierzchowski
- Arthroscopy and Sports Traumatology Clinic, Orthopedic Department, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Jarosław Fabiś
- Arthroscopy and Sports Traumatology Clinic, Orthopedic Department, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Zwierzchowski TJ, Stasikowska-Kanicka O, Janus J, Konecki W, Danilewicz M, Fabiś J. Evidence for apoptosis, MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 expression and their effect on the mechanical and biochemical properties of fresh viable knee medial meniscal allografts and autografts in the rabbit. Arch Med Sci 2012; 8:724-32. [PMID: 23056087 PMCID: PMC3460510 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2012.30297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2011] [Accepted: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The study sought evidence for apoptosis, the expression of MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 and their effect on the mechanical and biochemical properties of rabbit fresh knee medial meniscal grafts in a 6-month follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty white male New Zealand rabbits were chosen for the study. The medial meniscus was excised from 28 animals and stored under tissue culture conditions for 2 weeks, following which 14 of them were implanted as autografts and 14 as allografts. When the animals were euthanized, 20 menisci were used for immunohistochemical examinations. Apoptosis (TUNEL method) and MMP-1, MMP-3 and TIMP-2 immunoexpression were estimated semiquantitatively. The other 20 menisci were subjected to biochemical analysis and their degree of elasticity was evaluated. RESULTS An increased level of apoptosis (p <0.05) was observed both in allografts (1.57 ±0.98) and autografts (0.86 ±0.69); no statistical differences existed between them. An increased level of metalloproteinases and TIMP-2 expression was observed only in the allografts (p < 0.05). The highest decrease of degree of elasticity and the most significant changes in biochemical composition were observed in allografts (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS THE STUDIES CONFIRMED THE EXISTENCE OF EXCESSIVE APOPTOSIS IN BOTH KINDS OF FRESH VIABLE MEDIAL MENISCAL IMPLANTS: auto- and allografts. Our results suggest that apoptosis and increased MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression have an adverse effect on the biological properties of implants. The results of experimental studies on humans indicate the need to devise a method of apoptosis inhibition in transplanted menisci to improve long-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz J Zwierzchowski
- Arthroscopy and Sports Traumatology Clinic, Orthopaedic Department, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Yalcin AD, Bisgin A, Kargi A, Gorczynski RM. Serum-soluble TRAIL levels in patients with severe persistent allergic asthma: its relation to omalizumab treatment. Med Sci Monit 2012; 18:PI11-5. [PMID: 22367138 PMCID: PMC3560751 DOI: 10.12659/msm.882504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study we compare the Omalizumab treatment modality in the dynamics of cell apoptosis regulating molecules in both severe persistent asthma patients who had no other any allergic disease, newly diagnosed patients with allergic asthma, and healthy volunteers. MATERIAL/METHODS Severe persistent allergic asthma patients were subjected to measurement of serum soluble TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) levels during the active disease phase and the stable phase which occurred 4 months after Omalizumab treatment. Serum sTRAIL concentrations were measured by a solid phase sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Concentration levels were compared with those of age- and sex-matched newly diagnosed patients with allergic asthma, and healthy controls. All assays were carried out in duplicate. Total serum IgE levels, antinuclear antibody (ANA), rheumatoid factor (RF), hepatitis markers, C3, C4 and eosinophil levels were evaluated in all patients. RESULTS ANA, RF, hepatitis markers were negative in all patients. Complement 3 and 4 levels were normal in all patients. Prick tests in all patients were detected in mite and grass allergy. These results correlated with specific IgE. There were no differences between the healthy controls, newly diagnosed allergic asthma patients, and non-treated severe persistent allergic asthma patients during the active phase. Interestingly, the levels in variances of the patients who had the effective omalizumab treatment were significantly lower than the healthy controls, while the mean values were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our study gives a different perspective on severe persistent allergic asthma and omalizumab treatment efficacy at the cell apoptosis-linked step by the serum sTRAIL levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Didem Yalcin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Antalya Education and Training Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
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Tryniszewski W, Gadzicki M, Górska-Chrząstek M, Rysz J, Maziarz Z. Bone metabolism assessment, bone metabolism index designation and the determination of its normal values range in young healthy women. Med Sci Monit 2011; 17:CR563-71. [PMID: 21959610 PMCID: PMC3539482 DOI: 10.12659/msm.881982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bone metabolism assessment requires the determination of bone mass and quality. The bone metabolism was assessed with the modified bone scintigraphy using 99mTc-MDP. The elaboration of radioisotopic method and program allowed for the assessment of bone metabolism, index of bone metabolism assay and definition of its normal values range with the possibility of clinical application. Material/Methods We examined 70 healthy young women with normal BMI, in which bone system was assessed with scintigraphic and densitometric examinations, and bone turnover markers definition together with hormonal and biochemical blood tests were performed. Group exclusion examinations were also performed, including basic, biochemical and hormonal blood tests, bone turnover markers and densitometric examinations with DXA technique. The scintigraphic examinations were performed using a gamma camera after 99mTc-MDP injection. After the application of the BONS method and program, the normal values range was determined with the STATISTICA 8 program. Results The normal results of basic, biochemical, hormonal and vascular tests were obtained. The examinations of bone turnover markers confirmed the balance between bone formation and bone resorption processes. The normal results of densitometric examinations excluded osteopeny or osteoporosis. The normal values range of IBM in young healthy women was between 84.08 and 105. Conclusions The elaborated BONS program and method allow for the quantitative assessment of bone quality and definition of IBM normal values range. The quantitative scintigraphic bone examinations provide an alternative to the bone markers examination for obtaining information about bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiesław Tryniszewski
- Department of Radiological and Isotopic Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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