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Dekker Nitert M, Ovadia C. Microbial metabolites as a way to provide crosstalk between gut and liver. Obstet Med 2024; 17:168-174. [PMID: 39262911 PMCID: PMC11384814 DOI: 10.1177/1753495x241258383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bile acid metabolism is partially regulated through the activity of the gut microbiota. Primary bile acids can be deconjugated and modified by bacteria expressing bile salt hydrolase and other enzymes, changing bile acid recycling by changing the interactions between enterocytes and hepatocytes. The modified bile acids can also activate signalling in cells regulating metabolism including colonic L-cells, skeletal muscle cells and brown adipocytes. In pregnancy, both bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota composition are altered. In women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, the changes in bile acid metabolism are exacerbated and there is some evidence that the gut microbiota composition is also altered. Here we review the crosstalk between the liver and the gut especially in women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, with a focus on the role of the gut microbiota in this crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marloes Dekker Nitert
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Caroline Ovadia
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, London, UK
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Du Y, Wang M, Xu J, Zhong R, Jia J, Huang J, Yao C, Huang L, Huang G, Ke X, Wang H, Fu L. Investigation of therapeutic effects of rhubarb decoction retention enema on minimal hepatic encephalopathy in rats based on 16S rDNA gene sequencing and bile acid metabolomics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115392. [PMID: 37059036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is an early stage of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), with high incidence and a high rate of clinically missed diagnosis. Early diagnosis of MHE and effective clinical intervention are of great importance. Rhubarb decoction (RD)-induced retention enema can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients with MHE, whereas disturbances in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acid (BAs) can induce MHE. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of RD have not been examined from the perspective of intestinal microbiota and bile metabolomics. In this study, we investigated the effects of RD-induced retention enema on intestinal microbiota and bile metabolites in rats with CCl4- and TAA-induced MHE. RD-induced retention enema significantly improved liver function, reduced blood ammonia levels, alleviated cerebral oedema and restored cognitive function in rats with MHE. In addition, it increased the abundance of intestinal microbes; partially reversed the disorder in the composition of intestinal microbiota, including the Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides genera; and regulated BA metabolism, such as taurine combined with increased BA synthesis. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential importance of BA enterohepatic circulation for RD to improve cognitive function in MHE rats, providing a new perspective on the mechanism of this herb. The findings of this study will facilitate experimental research on RD and help to develop RD-based strategies for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqin Du
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianhu District, Nanning, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ruixi Zhong
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Juhong Jia
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianhu District, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanning, China.
| | - Chun Yao
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | | | - Guochu Huang
- Department of Spleen and Stomach Liver Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianhu District, Nanning, China
| | - Xuan Ke
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Han Wang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
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Begum J, Singh S, Saharia GK, Panigrahi MK. Fetuin B may be a potential marker for predicting maternal and neonatal outcomes in intrahepatic cholestasis: Prospective case-control study. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 20:29-37. [PMID: 36908062 PMCID: PMC10013082 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2023.37096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the levels of serum fetuin B in healthy pregnant women and women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (IHCP) and their association with pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods This was a prospective case-control study, we included sixty singleton pregnant women with IHCP and sixty healthy-matched pregnant women in their third trimester. The serum fetuin B levels of these patients were analyzed. All the patients were followed up prospectively until delivery and data related to maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes were obtained. Results Total bile acid levels and liver function tests were significantly higher in the IHCP group than in the control group (p<0.0001 and <0.0001, respectively). The serum fetuin B concentrations were higher in the IHCP group than in the control group, without any significant group difference (p=0.105). Preterm delivery, iatrogenic preterm delivery, and birth weight ≤2.500 gm are only significantly associated with serum fetuin B levels respectively (p<0.05). The diagnostic performance of serum bile acids [area under the curve (AUC)=0.998] was significantly better than that of fetuin B (AUC=0.586) (DeLong's test p≤0.001). Conclusion We neither noted a significant difference between the IHCP and control groups concerning the serum fetuin B levels nor could we correlate its levels with adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes except with birth weight, thereby serum fetuin B was not an effective marker for use in shedding light on the pathophysiology of IHCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Begum
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sweta Singh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Gautom Kumar Saharia
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Manas Kumar Panigrahi
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India
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Bayram M, Irak K, Cifci S, Koksal AR, Kazezoglu C, Acar Z, Ozarı HO, Alkim H. The effectiveness of small heterodimer partner and FGF 19 levels in prediction of perinatal morbidity in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2022; 42:1174-1178. [DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2022.2028275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Bayram
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kader Irak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sami Cifci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Riza Koksal
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tulane University of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Cemal Kazezoglu
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Sciences University Istanbul Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zuat Acar
- Department of Perinatology, Health Sciences University Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Onur Ozarı
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Alkim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Health Sciences University Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Liu F, Wang X, Li D, Cui Y, Li X. Apple polyphenols extract alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6 male mice by restoring bile acid metabolism disorder and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1468-1485. [PMID: 33215776 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate and compare the preventive effects of apple polyphenols extract (APE) with phloretin on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC), 60 male mice were treated with 125 or 500 mg/(kg bw d) APE or 100 mg/(kg bw d) phloretin, the single-ingredient of APE, for continuous 3 weeks by intragastric administration, meanwhile, mice were provided with 3% DSS dissolved in drinking water to induce UC during the third week. Both APE and phloretin significantly ameliorated DSS-induced UC by inhibiting body weight loss, preventing colon shortening and mucosa damage. Except the same mechanisms of the inhibited activation of NF-κB signaling, decreased hyodeoxycholic acid level and increased abundance of Verrucomicrobia at phylum and Bacteroides and Akkermansia at genus, APE increased β-muricholic acid level and decreased Bacterodetes abundance, while phloretin decreased Firmicutes abundance. Furthermore, APE treatment showed much lower disease activity index score, less body weight loss and lighter spleen than phloretin. Thus, our study supported the potentiality of APE as a promising dietary intervention for the prevention of experimental UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinjing Wang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Deming Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cui
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinli Li
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Scazzone C, Agnello L, Sasso BL, Ragonese P, Bivona G, Realmuto S, Iacolino G, Gambino CM, Bellia C, Salemi G, Ciaccio M. Klotho and vitamin D in multiple sclerosis: an Italian study. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:842-847. [PMID: 32542086 PMCID: PMC7286339 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.86969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Low vitamin D levels have been recognised as an important risk factor for autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is a multifactorial disease, the pathogenesis of which contributes both to genetic and environmental factors. Polymorphisms in genes codifying molecules involved in vitamin D homeostasis have been associated with hypovitaminosis D. However, the influence of polymorphisms of Klotho, which codify a protein with a pivotal role in vitamin D metabolism, have never been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association among genetic variants of Klotho, namely rs1207568 and rs9536314, serum 25(OH)D3 levels, and multiple sclerosis (both risk and disease progression). MATERIAL AND METHODS 107 patients with MS and 133 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Serum 25(OH)D3 levels and genotyping of Klotho SNPs were evaluated in all participants by high-performance liquid chromatography and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. RESULTS Allelic and genotypic frequencies did not differ between patients and controls. Concerning rs1207568, we found a trend toward lower serum 25(OH)D3 levels in MS patients with A allele (mutant), both in heterozygosis (AG) and in homozygosis (AA), in comparison to MS patients with G allele in homozygosis (GG) (AG + AA 20.5 ±6.3 µg/l; GG 22.5 ±7.5 µg/l, p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS Our findings did not identify a role of Klotho in the genetic susceptibility to MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Scazzone
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Agnello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Bruna Lo Sasso
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Ragonese
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Bivona
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sabrina Realmuto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giorgia Iacolino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina Maria Gambino
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Bellia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marcello Ciaccio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital, Palermo, Italy
- Corresponding author: Prof. Marcello Ciaccio MD, PhD, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular, Medicine, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Via Del Vespro 129, 90127 Palermo, Italy, E-mail:
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Evaluation of the effect of oral taurine supplementation on fasting levels of fibroblast growth factors, β-Klotho co-receptor, some biochemical indices and body composition in obese women on a weight-loss diet: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:315. [PMID: 31151464 PMCID: PMC6544910 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3421-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Taurine (Tau) is involved in many biochemical functions such as regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, enhancement of energy expenditure, anti-inflammatory effects and appetite control. The most important effect of Tau in obesity is its direct effect on adipose tissue. Some evidence has shown an impaired FGF (fibroblast growth factor) 19 and 21 biosyntheses in obesity. Besides the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on serum FGF concentrations, the effect of other nutrients on FGFs is not clear. Since obesity as an important health problem is rising around the world and on the other side, Tau biosynthesis is reduced by adipose-tissue-derived factors in obesity, the effects of Tau and a weight-loss diet on obesity need to be investigated further. Methods We will conduct an 8-week. double-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the effect of Tau supplementation on fasting serum levels of FGFs, β-Klotho co-receptor, some biochemical indices and body composition in 50 obese women aged between 18 and 49 years on a weight-loss diet. Discussion We will determine the other advantages of a weight-loss diet on new metabolic risk factors. Since Tau may regulate adipose-tissue-derived factors and a weight-loss diet can promote the useful effects of Tau supplementation; for the first time, the effects of a weight-loss diet along with Tau supplementation on these variables will be assessed. Trial registration Iran Clinical Trials Registry, ID: IRCT20131125015542N2. Registered on 24 November 2018. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-019-3421-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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