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Giuliani A, Montesanto A, Matacchione G, Graciotti L, Ramini D, Protic O, Galeazzi R, Antonicelli R, Tortato E, Bonfigli AR, Sabbatinelli J, Olivieri F. The Association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, including miR-499a Genetic Variants, and Dyslipidemia in Subjects Treated with Pharmacological or Phytochemical Lipid-Lowering Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105617. [PMID: 35628426 PMCID: PMC9145435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism are among the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been associated with the individual variability in blood lipid profile and response to lipid-lowering treatments. Here, we genotyped 34 selected SNPs located in coding genes related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, coagulation, and a polymorphism in the MIR499 gene—a microRNA previously linked to CVD—to evaluate the association with lipid trait in subjects with moderate dyslipidemia not on lipid-lowering treatment (Treatment-naïve (TN) cohort, n = 125) and in patients treated with statins (STAT cohort, n = 302). We also explored the association between SNPs and the effect of a novel phytochemical lipid-lowering treatment in the TN cohort. We found that 6 SNPs (in the MIR499, TNFA, CETP, SOD2, and VEGFA genes) were associated with lipid traits in the TN cohort, while no association was found with the response to twelve-week phytochemical treatment. In the STAT cohort, nine SNPs (in the MIR499, CETP, CYP2C9, IL6, ABCC2, PON1, IL10, and VEGFA genes) were associated with lipid traits, three of which were in common with the TN cohort. Interestingly, in both cohorts, the presence of the rs3746444 MIR499 SNP was associated with a more favorable blood lipid profile. Our findings could add information to better understand the individual genetic variability in maintaining a low atherogenic lipid profile and the response to different lipid-lowering therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (F.O.)
| | - Alberto Montesanto
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Giulia Matacchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (F.O.)
| | - Laura Graciotti
- Department of Excellence SBSP-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Deborah Ramini
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Olga Protic
- Cardiology Unit, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy; (O.P.); (R.A.)
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Clinical Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostic, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy;
| | | | - Elena Tortato
- Metabolic Diseases and Diabetology Department, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy;
| | | | - Jacopo Sabbatinelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (F.O.)
- Laboratory Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0712206144
| | - Fabiola Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (A.G.); (G.M.); (F.O.)
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy;
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Abstract
Sports genomics is the scientific discipline that focuses on the organization and function of the genome in elite athletes, and aims to develop molecular methods for talent identification, personalized exercise training, nutritional need and prevention of exercise-related diseases. It postulates that both genetic and environmental factors play a key role in athletic performance and related phenotypes. This update on the panel of genetic markers (DNA polymorphisms) associated with athlete status and soft-tissue injuries covers advances in research reported in recent years, including one whole genome sequencing (WGS) and four genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, as well as findings from collaborative projects and meta-analyses. At end of 2020, the total number of DNA polymorphisms associated with athlete status was 220, of which 97 markers have been found significant in at least two studies (35 endurance-related, 24 power-related, and 38 strength-related). Furthermore, 29 genetic markers have been linked to soft-tissue injuries in at least two studies. The most promising genetic markers include HFE rs1799945, MYBPC3 rs1052373, NFIA-AS2 rs1572312, PPARA rs4253778, and PPARGC1A rs8192678 for endurance; ACTN3 rs1815739, AMPD1 rs17602729, CPNE5 rs3213537, CKM rs8111989, and NOS3 rs2070744 for power; LRPPRC rs10186876, MMS22L rs9320823, PHACTR1 rs6905419, and PPARG rs1801282 for strength; and COL1A1 rs1800012, COL5A1 rs12722, COL12A1 rs970547, MMP1 rs1799750, MMP3 rs679620, and TIMP2 rs4789932 for soft-tissue injuries. It should be appreciated, however, that hundreds and even thousands of DNA polymorphisms are needed for the prediction of athletic performance and injury risk.
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