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Garg P, Pundir S, Ali A, Panja S, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Kulshrestha S, Negi P. Exploring the potential of Moringa oleifera Lam in skin disorders and cosmetics: nutritional analysis, phytochemistry, geographical distribution, ethnomedicinal uses, dermatological studies and cosmetic formulations. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3635-3662. [PMID: 38055069 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. is a pan-tropical plant well known to the ancient world for its extensive therapeutic benefits in the Ayurvedic and Unani medical systems. The ancient world was familiar with this tree, but it has only lately been rediscovered as a multifunctional species with a huge range of possible therapeutic applications. It is a folk remedy for skin diseases, edema, sore gums, etc. This review comprises the history, ethnomedicinal applications, botanical characteristics, geographic distribution, propagation, nutritional and phytochemical profile, dermatological effects, and commercially available cosmeceuticals of Moringa oleifera Lam.Compilation of all the presented data has been done by employing various search engines like Science Direct, Google, PubMed, Research Gate, EBSCO, SciVal, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar.Studies on phytochemistry claim the presence of a variety of substances, including fatty acids, phenolic acids, sterols, oxalates, tocopherols, carotenoids, flavonoids, flavonols glycosides, tannins, terpenoids, terpene, saponins, phylates, alkaloids, glucosinolates, glycosides, and isothiocyanate. The pharmacological studies have shown the efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. as an antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-atopic dermatitis, antipsoriatic, promoter of wound healing, effective in treating herpes simplex virus, photoprotective, and UV protective. As a moisturizer, conditioner, hair growth promoter, cleanser, antiwrinkle, anti-aging, anti-acne, scar removal, pigmentation, and control for skin infection, sores, as well as sweating, it has also been utilized in a range of cosmeceuticals.he Moringa oleifera Lam. due to its broad range of phytochemicals can be proven boon for the treatment of dermatological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakrati Garg
- School of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
- Center for Omics and Biodiversity Research, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Swati Pundir
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Aaliya Ali
- School of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
- Center for Omics and Biodiversity Research, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Sebika Panja
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Saurabh Kulshrestha
- School of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
- Center for Omics and Biodiversity Research, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, PO Box 9, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
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Khan ZU, Khan T, Khan H, Khan NU, Ding Y, Ali A, Ni J. Eco-Friendly Sustainable Nanocarriers to Treat Oxidative Stresses and Skin Aging-Related Ailments, Valorization of a By-Product. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:798. [PMID: 37508825 PMCID: PMC10376035 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The peel from Citrus-sinensis L. is a medicinally significant food waste, and its extract (O-Ext) could be significant against oxidative stresses and skin aging, However, the penetration barriers, instability in formulation, undefined toxicities, and enzymatic activities make the O-Ext difficult to formulate and commercialize. The goal of this study was to evaluate O-Ext against oxidative stress, prepare O-Ext-loaded nano-lipid carriers (O-NLCs), and load them into topical O/W-emulsion (O-NLC-E) to improve O-Ext permeation and its in vivo antiaging effects. TPC, TFC, DPPH activity, and mineral/metal contents of O-Ext were determined via atomic-absorption spectroscopy. For bioactive compounds profiling, GC-MS analysis was carried out. O-NLCs were prepared and tested for physicochemical attributes, while HaCaT and fibroblast cells were used to study permeation and cytotoxicity. The kinetic characteristics of ex vivo permeation through rat skin were established, following the Higuchi model. Following written consent, safety investigations were conducted on human volunteers for three months, where optimized O-NLC-E and B-NLC-E were regularly applied on cheeks. Non-invasive procedures were used to assess the volunteer's skin erythema, TEWL, sebum level, melanin, hydration, pH, elasticity, and pore sizes after specified intervals. The results demonstrated that applying O-NLC-E formulation to the skin of volunteers directed significant antiaging benefits. The study offers nanotechnology-based sustainability approach against skin ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaheer Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Taous Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Hira Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havelian, Abbottabad 22500, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, CECOS University of Engineering and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Yang Ding
- College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Series, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Atif Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Jiang Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
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Xu Y, Chen G, Guo M. Potential Anti-aging Components From Moringa oleifera Leaves Explored by Affinity Ultrafiltration With Multiple Drug Targets. Front Nutr 2022; 9:854882. [PMID: 35619958 PMCID: PMC9127542 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.854882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera), widely used in tropical and subtropical regions, has been reported to possess good anti-aging benefits on skincare. However, the potential bioactive components responsible for its anti-aging effects, including anti-collagenase, anti-elastase, and anti-hyaluronidase activities, have not been clarified so far. In this study, M. oleifera leaf extracts were first conducted for anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activities in vitro by spectrophotometric and fluorometric assays, and the results revealed that they possessed good activities against skin aging-related enzymes. Then, multi-target bio-affinity ultrafiltration coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (AUF-HPLC-MS) was applied to quickly screen anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-hyaluronidase ligands in M. oleifera leaf extracts. Meanwhile, 10, 8, and 14 phytochemicals were screened out as the potential anti-elastase, anti-collagenase, and anti-hyaluronidase ligands, respectively. Further confirmation of these potential bioactive components with anti-aging target enzymes was also implemented by molecule docking analysis. In conclusion, these results suggest that the M. oleifera leaves might be a very promising natural source of anti-aging agent for skincare, which can be further explored in the cosmetics and cosmeceutical industries combating aging and skin wrinkling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Guilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingquan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,Innovation Academy for Drug Discovery and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Hassan MA, Xu T, Tian Y, Zhong Y, Ali FAZ, Yang X, Lu B. Health benefits and phenolic compounds of Moringa oleifera leaves: A comprehensive review. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153771. [PMID: 34700271 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moringa oleifera Lam (MO) is native to India and is a cash crop widely cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical areas. The health improving properties of MO has been studied from a long time ago for the numerous phenolic compounds, including vitamins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, isothiocyanates, tannins and saponins, which are present in considerable amounts in the plant. A growing spectrum of therapeutic characteristics of MO leaves has been found and used in the remission or treatment of oxidative stress, liver disease, neurological disease, hyperglycemia and cancer. HYPOTHESIS This review focused on researches applying MO or MO leaf extract as a functional food or cure against various disease and cellular injuries. We believed it would help the discovery of therapeutic application of MO and understanding of MO phytochemistry. METHODS The data collected in this review were extracted from researches indexed in Web of Science, google scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus to find out health benefits and biological activities of MO leaves polyphenols. The studies reporting mechanistic route of phenolic compounds of MO leaves were also considered in the present study. RESULTS It has been reported that polyphenols of MO leaf have protective characteristics against neurodegenerative disorders through reducing DNA damage, activation of AchE activity and inhibition of caspase-3 activity. It has been reported that, they protected the kidney from damage caused by melamine through suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine, metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP-1), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1). Similarly, methanol extract of MO leaves has low hypoglycemic attributes and attenuate the risk of diabetes caused by alloxan by enhancing lipid metabolism and stimulating insulin release, glucose uptake, and glycogen synthesis. In addition, MO leaves are becoming the best phytomedicine to reduce hypertension, which are naturally known as angiotensin-1converting enzyme (ACE), acetylcholinesterase, arginase and phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. CONCLUSION MO leaves extract as a health promoting food additives for human and animals due to its great protective effect against many diseases and the widely persistent environmental toxins which disrupted cellular metabolic function. More studies are required to use the phenolic compounds of MO leaves to develop and produce drugs for controlling and treatment of various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed Hassan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University - Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yang Tian
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yongheng Zhong
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Fatma Abo Zakaib Ali
- Pathology and Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Xuan Yang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China.
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Fei C, Xu Y, Cao T, Jiang W, Zou Y, Maibach H. Effect of scratching and friction on human skin in vivo. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:1049-1056. [PMID: 33999461 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of scratching and friction on human skin function and functional differences between scratching and friction. METHOD Forty healthy volunteers were enrolled. Scratching and friction behavior was modeled by scalpel and sandpaper simulation to forearm for 80 times, respectively. Noninvasive bioengineering devices were used to measure basic skin physiological parameters and exfoliated stratum corneum collected and protein quantified. Parameters were recorded at baseline (BL) and after every 20 times interventions (20, 40, 60, and 80 times). RESULTS Compared to BL, transepidermal water loss (TEWL) value increased significantly at both scratched and friction sites (P < .001) with a significant higher value for friction (P < .001). There was no significant difference in stratum corneum hydration (SCH) value postscratching (P > .05), while it decreased first and then increased significantly at friction site (P < .001). Roughness values (contract (CONT), variety (VAR), and scaliness (SEsc)) were raised significantly at both sites (P < .001). Net change in CONT and SEsc values of friction was higher than scratched sites (P > .05). There was no significant difference in blood flow after both scratching and friction (P > .05). Quantity of keratinocyte protein from friction sites was statistically higher than scratching after 80 times interventions (P < .05). CONCLUSION Both noninvasive detections and protein quantification indicated more damage from friction, which may have significance for behavior guidance of patients with pruritus and implication for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwen Fei
- Department of Skin and Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Xu
- Department of Skin and Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Department of Skin and Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,School of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wencai Jiang
- Department of Skin and Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Skin and Cosmetic Research, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Skin Disease Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Howard Maibach
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Dąbrowska M, Nowak I. Noninvasive evaluation of the influence of aucubin-containing cosmetic macroemulsion on selected skin parameters. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:1022-1030. [PMID: 32750209 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective evaluation of skin condition on the basis of noninvasive methods has become obligatory and may be a good strategy for verifying the efficiency of new cosmetic active ingredients. AIM The aim of this study was to assess the influence of aucubin-containing cosmetic macroemulsion on skin parameters using the skin testing equipment. PATIENTS/METHODS The study was carried out on the group of 25 female volunteers of the mean age 27 ± 2 years. The skin parameters were measured using the following devices: Tewameter® TM 300 (transepidermal water loss, TEWL), Corneometer® CM 825 (skin hydration), Cutometer® MPA 580 (skin elasticity), Visioscan® VC 98 (skin topography), and Visioline® VL 650 (skin macrorelief). All measurements were performed on the inner part of the left forearm. RESULTS The skin parameters measured revealed the beneficial influence of aucubin on TEWL and skin hydration level. The application of aucubin-enriched cream caused more significant improvements of all determined SELS parameters, in comparison with cream without it. An analogous tendency was noticed in the case of skin macrorelief parameters; the addiction of the active ingredient led to a decrease in the value of total wrinkle area and diminished the mean length and depth of single wrinkles. CONCLUSIONS Noninvasive methods of skin testing have provided a possibility of objective evaluation of the action of new active ingredients in cosmetic formulations. The study has proved the positive influence of aucubin on effectiveness of cosmetic macroemulsions, diminishing TEWL, increasing skin hydration level, and improving the values of SELS and skin macrorelief parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Dąbrowska
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poznan, Poland
| | - Izabela Nowak
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poznan, Poland
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Meireles D, Gomes J, Lopes L, Hinzmann M, Machado J. A review of properties, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications of Moringa oleifera: integrative approach on conventional and traditional Asian medicine. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [PMCID: PMC7430547 DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00468-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera L. from the Moringaceae family is a perennial tree widely cultivated in many tropic regions and easily grown even in adverse conditions. M. oleifera is also known as the miracle tree, which for centuries has been indicated for traditional medicine. With no reports of side effects, in doses achievable by ingestion, different parts of M. oleifera is used to treat several conditions, such as malnutrition, diabetes, blindness, anemia, hypertension, stress, depression, skin, arthritis, joints and kidney stones disorders. This plant also showed capacity of helping in maintenance of the cardiovascular system health, blood-glucose levels and providing anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activity as well as the regulation of urinary tract and lactation in nursing women. The seed and leaves powder has water purification properties through flocculation. It also supplements the food in the human diet and in the fortification of livestock feed, especially in developing countries. So, M. oleifera properties have also been applied to cosmetic and byproducts industries due to the high nutritive and protective properties of its seed oil. According to the holistic or traditional medicine, M. oleifera has very relevant therapeutic properties and applications depending on the constitution, somatic and psychological needs of patients. It is usually referred as a natural product that can treat different physical and psychological health aspects, offering an energetic action and structural rebuilder of the body and promoting emotions of highly positive attitudes towards life. The high and specific immunological potential of M. oleifera leads us to suggest an in-depth study to assess the hypothesis of conferring a supportive effect against Covid-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Meireles
- ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Gomes
- YIDAO, Acupuncture and TCM Center, Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lara Lopes
- ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Hinzmann
- ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Machado
- ICBAS, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira no. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CBSin, Center of BioSciences in Integrative Health, Porto, Portugal
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Mohd Ariffin NH, Hasham R. Assessment of non-invasive techniques and herbal-based products on dermatological physiology and intercellular lipid properties. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03955. [PMID: 32478187 PMCID: PMC7251381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest external organ of the human body. It acts as a barrier to protect the human body from environmental pollution, mechanical stress, and excessive water loss. The defensive function resides primarily on top of the epidermis layer commonly known as stratum corneum (SC). Human SC consists of three major lipids, namely ceramide, free fatty acid, and cholesterol that comprise approximately 50%, 25%, and 25% of the total lipid mass, respectively. The optimal composition of SC lipids is the vital epidermal barrier function of the skin. On the other hand, skin barrier serves to limit passive water loss from the body, reduces chemical absorption from the environment, and prevents microbial infection. In contrast, epidermal lipids are important to maintain the cell structure, growth and differentiation, cohesion and desquamation as well as formation of a permeability barrier. Multiple non-invasive in vivo approaches were implemented on a regular basis to monitor skin physiological and intercellular lipid properties. The measurement of different parameters such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), hydration level, skin elasticity, collagen intensity, melanin content, sebum, pH, and tape stripping is essential to evaluate the epidermal barrier function. Novel non-invasive techniques such as tape stripping, ultrasound imaging, and laser confocal microscopy offer higher possibility of accurate and detailed characterisation of skin barrier. To date, these techniques have also been widely used to determine the effects of herbal plants in dermatology. Herbal plants have been traditionally used for ages to treat a variety of skin diseases, as reported by the World Health Organisation (WHO). Their availability, lower cost, and minimal or no side effects have created awareness among society, thus increase the demand for natural sources as the remedy to treat various skin diseases. This paper reviews several non-invasive techniques and evaluations of herbal-based product in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Hazwani Mohd Ariffin
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Rosnani Hasham
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Department of Bioprocess and Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
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Fejér J, Kron I, Pellizzeri V, Pľuchtová M, Eliašová A, Campone L, Gervasi T, Bartolomeo G, Cicero N, Babejová A, Konečná M, Sedlák V, Poráčová J, Gruľová D. First Report on Evaluation of Basic Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Moringa Oleifera Lam. from Caribbean Island of Saint Lucia. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E537. [PMID: 31771207 PMCID: PMC6963501 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. has been considered as a multipurpose tree. The studies on it focus on its variable nutritional benefits. It is growing in many regions, but information about nutritional properties of those growing in the Caribbean is missing. The present study focused on biochemical analysis of main nutritional and antioxidant properties in plant material-dried leaves and seeds-of Moringa oleifera. The composition of lipids, proteins, and vitamin E was evaluated in powdered dried leaves and seeds. Fatty acids were evaluated in oil extracted from the moringa seeds. Potential antioxidant properties of the moringa were evaluated in extract from crushed and powdered leaves, as well as from the powdered seeds. The total amounts of lipids, proteins, and vitamin E were higher in powdered seeds (31.85%, 35.13%, and 220.61 mg/kg) than in powdered leaves (12.48%, 20.54%, and 178.10 mg/kg). The main compound of fatty acids presented oleic acid (76.78%) in seeds' oil and oleic (25.01%), palmitic (24.84%), and linolenic (24.71%) acids in leaves. Neohesperidin (126.8 mg/kg), followed by chlorogenic acid (99.96 mg/kg) and quercetin (43.44 and 21.44 mg/kg) were main phenolic compounds identified. Total phenols in powdered leaves' extract (635.6 mg GAE/L) was higher than in powdered seeds' extract (229.5 mg GAE/L). The activity against superoxide radical and hydroxyl radical was 92.4% and 73.1% by leaves' powder extract and 83.6% and 60.7% by crushed-leaf extract; seed-powder extract exhibited a pro-oxidation activity (-68.4%) against superoxide radical and the lowest antioxidant effect against the hydroxyl radical (55.0%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Fejér
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (M.P.); (A.E.)
| | | | - Vito Pellizzeri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.P.); (T.G.); (G.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Mária Pľuchtová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (M.P.); (A.E.)
| | - Adriana Eliašová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (M.P.); (A.E.)
| | - Luca Campone
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Dipartimento di Agraria (QuaSic. A. Tec.), University of Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy;
| | - Teresa Gervasi
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.P.); (T.G.); (G.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Giovanni Bartolomeo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.P.); (T.G.); (G.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy; (V.P.); (T.G.); (G.B.); (N.C.)
| | - Andrea Babejová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Mária Konečná
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Vincent Sedlák
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Janka Poráčová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (M.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Daniela Gruľová
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov, 17 Novembra 1, 08116 Prešov, Slovakia; (J.F.); (M.P.); (A.E.)
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10
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Melo M, Maia Campos P. Application of biophysical and skin imaging techniques to evaluate the film‐forming effect of cosmetic formulations. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:579-584. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M.O. Melo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Av. do Café ‐ Vila Monte Alegre Ribeirão Preto 14040‐903Brazil
| | - P.M.B.G. Maia Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto University of São Paulo Av. do Café ‐ Vila Monte Alegre Ribeirão Preto 14040‐903Brazil
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11
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Anti-pollution cosmetic-based one-step formation of w/o/w multiple emulsion containing D-biotin for skin protection: fabrication and in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019; 9:1117-1132. [PMID: 31240627 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00655-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Continuous contact of air pollutants on human skin has produced early ageing and led to roughness, dryness, poor elasticity, increased wrinkling and irregular pigmentation of the skin. The present study was carried out to fabricate an anti-pollution cosmetic-based w/o/w multiple emulsion containing D-biotin, prepared by a one-step formation as protection for the skin against the effects of air pollutants and further used for in vitro and in vivo evaluation. A similar multiple emulsion without D-biotin was also prepared in the same way. Each of the tested multiple emulsions (CB2 and CF2) was applied to the cheeks of 15 human volunteers for a testing period of 90 days. Both emulsions were assessed for skin melanin, erythema, hydration and elasticity values. The droplet sizes of CB2 and CF2 stored in the dark were 10.92 ± 0.23 and 15.4 ± 0.12 μm, respectively. The size distributions of CB2 and CF2 ranged from 4.55 ± 0.1 to 26.056 ± 0.34 μm and from 1.97.16 ± 1.2 to 45.13 ± 2.17 μm, respectively. The rheological parameters showed non-Newtonian, pseudo-plastic and shear thinning behaviour, while pH remained within an acceptable range. No considerable physical changes were observed. The skin irritation testing indicated that CB2 and CF2 were safe after application and did not cause any skin irritation. The skin melanin, erythema, moisture and elasticity values of both the right and left cheeks of the volunteers were measured at baseline visits: 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days of time intervals. While CB2 showed insignificant effects, therefore, it was demonstrated that CF2 decreased skin erythema content and increased skin elasticity and hydration significantly but had an insignificant effect on skin melanin content with respect to time. Good sensory attributes were also achieved. Therefore, CF2 is a promising new approach for protection of the skin from the deleterious effects of air pollutants.
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12
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Zhou Y, Yang W, Li Z, Luo D, Li W, Zhang Y, Wang X, Fang M, Chen Q, Jin X. Moringa oleifera stem extract protect skin keratinocytes against oxidative stress injury by enhancement of antioxidant defense systems and activation of PPARα. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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13
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Carvalho PRS, Sumita JM, Soares JLM, Sanudo A, Bagatin E. Forearm skin aging: characterization by instrumental measurements. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:564-571. [PMID: 28563677 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intrinsic ageing and photoaged skin present biomechanical and morphological differences, which are reflected in the appearance of roughness, superficial and deep wrinkles, atrophy, reduced elasticity, hypo- and hyperpigmentation and actinic keratosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare the characteristics of the flexor (with a predominance of intrinsic ageing) and extensor (chronically exposed to sunlight and other environmental factors, with a predominance of photoageing) skin surfaces of the forearms. METHODS Interventional, prospective, diagnostic study, including 23 females, aged over 60 years. The extensor and flexor faces of forearms were compared in relation to clinical parameters and non-invasive instrumental measurements, such as skin surface, elasticity, hydration as well as dermal thickness and echogenicity. RESULTS Regarding the water content of the stratum corneum, the flexor face presented an average value higher than the extensor face. The average of measures obtained through images of high-frequency ultrasound demonstrated greater echogenicity of flexor face compared to the extensor face. The measurements of the skin surface showed significant differences between the faces. The roughness and scaliness were lower in the flexor face. Regarding the depth of wrinkles, there was no significant difference between the faces. The average of the measurements was slightly higher in the flexor face, which demonstrated that wrinkles are present in the intrinsic ageing and photoageing. The presence of elastosis and the reduction in elasticity in the clinical aspect of the photoaged face of forearms were according to the results of the non-invasive measurements. CONCLUSION Meaningful differences in the biophysical characteristics of the extensor and flexor faces of the forearms were detected. Because the non-invasive instrumental measurements correlated with clinical findings, they may represent useful tools to assess efficacy and safety of skin ageing treatments in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R S Carvalho
- Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Sumita
- Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J L M Soares
- Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Sanudo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - E Bagatin
- Department of Dermatology, Federal University of Sao Paulo - UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Pisetpackdeekul P, Supmuang P, Pan-In P, Banlunara W, Limcharoen B, Kokpol C, Wanichwecharungruang S. Proretinal nanoparticles: stability, release, efficacy, and irritation. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:3277-86. [PMID: 27499622 PMCID: PMC4959592 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite many potent biological activities, retinoids such as retinoic acid (RA) and retinal possess dose-related broad side effects. In this study, we show that this problem, which has been unsolvable for a long time, can be tackled through a controlled release strategy in which retinal is continuously delivered to the skin via sustained release from proretinal nanoparticles. The water dispersible proretinal nanoparticles are stable when kept in water at neutral pH and at room temperature for 8 months under light-proof conditions, and show sustained release of retinal into human synthetic sebum at a pH of 5. In the daily topical application tests performed for 4 weeks on rats' skin, the nanoparticles showed superior ability to increase epidermal thickness compared to RA and retinal, with no skin irritation observed for the proretinal particles, but severe skin irritation observed for RA and free retinal. When tested under occlusion conditions in human volunteers, insignificant skin irritation was observed for the proretinal nanoparticles. The 12-week, double-blind, split-face study on human volunteers indicates better antiaging efficacy of the particles as compared to the free RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wijit Banlunara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University
| | | | - Chayada Kokpol
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital
| | - Supason Wanichwecharungruang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Nanotec-Chulalongkorn University Center of Excellence on Food and Agriculture, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Perturbation of pharmacologically relevant polyphenolic compounds in Moringa oleifera against photo-oxidative damages imposed by gamma radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 156:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Anti-Aging Potential of Phytoextract Loaded-Pharmaceutical Creams for Human Skin Cell Longetivity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:709628. [PMID: 26448818 PMCID: PMC4581564 DOI: 10.1155/2015/709628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The exposure to ultraviolet radiations (UVR) is the key source of skin sunburn; it may produce harmful entities, reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to aging. The skin can be treated and protected from the injurious effects of ROS by using various pharmaceutical formulations, such as cream. Cream can be loaded with antioxidants to quench ROS leading to photo-protective effects. Moreover, modern medicines depend on ethnobotanicals for protection or treatment of human diseases. This review article summarizes various in vivo antioxidant studies on herbal creams loaded with phyto-extracts. These formulations may serve as cosmeceuticals to protect skin against injurious effects of UVR. The botanicals studied for dermatologic use in cream form include Acacia nilotica, Benincasa hispida, Calendula officinalis, Camellia sinensis, Camellia sinensis, Nelumbo nucifera, Capparis decidua, Castanea sativa, Coffea arabica, Crocus sativus, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Foeniculum vulgare, Hippophae rhamnoides, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, Malus domestica, Matricaria chamomilla L., Moringa oleifera, Morus alba, Ocimum basilicum, Oryza sativa, Polygonum minus, Punica granatum, Silybum marianum, Tagetes erecta Linn., Terminalia chebula, Trigonella foenum-graecum, and Vitis vinifera. The observed anti-aging effects of cream formulations could be an outcome of a coordinating action of multiple constituents. Of numerous botanicals, the phenolic acids and flavonoids appear effective against UVR-induced damage; however the evidence-based studies for their anti-aging effects are still needed.
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