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Gupta I, Badrzadeh F, Tsentalovich Y, Gaykalova DA. Connecting the dots: investigating the link between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic influences in metabolomic alterations in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:239. [PMID: 39169426 PMCID: PMC11337877 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03141-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for around 90% of all oral cancers and is the eighth most common cancer worldwide. Despite progress in managing OSCC, the overall prognosis remains poor, with a survival rate of around 50-60%, largely due to tumor size and recurrence. The challenges of late-stage diagnosis and limitations in current methods emphasize the urgent need for less invasive techniques to enable early detection and treatment, crucial for improving outcomes in this aggressive form of oral cancer. Research is currently aimed at unraveling tumor-specific metabolite profiles to identify candidate biomarkers as well as discover underlying pathways involved in the onset and progression of cancer that could be used as new targets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Metabolomics is an advanced technological approach to identify metabolites in different sample types (biological fluids and tissues). Since OSCC promotes metabolic reprogramming influenced by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including tobacco and alcohol consumption, and viral infections, the identification of distinct metabolites through screening may aid in the diagnosis of this condition. Moreover, studies have shown the use of metabolites during the catalysis of epigenetic modification, indicating a link between epigenetics and metabolism. In this review, we will focus on the link between environmental, genetic, and epigenetic influences in metabolomic alterations in OSCC. In addition, we will discuss therapeutic targets of tumor metabolism, which may prevent oral tumor growth, metastasis, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Gupta
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fariba Badrzadeh
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuri Tsentalovich
- International tomography center CB RAS, Institutskaya str. 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Daria A Gaykalova
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene & Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute for Genome Sciences, 670 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Sharaf RM, Shibel PEE, Ahmed Abd El-Moeze N. Immunohistochemical Expression of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) in Urinary Bladder Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Turk Patoloji Derg 2024; 1:109-116. [PMID: 38265102 PMCID: PMC11131569 DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2023.12863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the urinary bladder is associated with aggressive behavior and is typically treated with radical cystectomy. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and its ligand Calcitriol have shown anti-tumor effects in various malignancies but to our knowledge there is no current information on VDR expression in bladder SCC. This study aimed to assess VDR immunostaining patterns in pure bladder SCC and its relation to the available clinicopathological parameters of such tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS VDR immunostaining was performed on 35 radical cystectomy specimens from patients with primary pure SCC. Nuclear and cytoplasmic VDR staining was scored separately using the semi-quantitative immunoreactive score. RESULTS Nuclear and cytoplasmic/membranous VDR expression was present in 35 (100%) and 19 (54.3%) cases, respectively, with a significant negative linear relationship (r=-0.33; p=0.035). Differences in cytoplasmic/membranous VDR expression were found in relation to tumor histology (p=0.018), tumor necrosis (p=0.022), and stage groups (p=0.001). Low cytoplasmic VDR correlated with increased tumor staging (Cc = -0.422), positive lymph node status (Cc = -0.375), and higher stage groups (Cc= -0.438). The median nuclear VDR expression score was significantly higher in advanced stage groups (p= 0.038). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that VDR may be a potential prognostic factor in bladder SCC. Further studies and clinical trials using vitamin D supplements may provide a new therapeutic option for those high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Mohamed Sharaf
- Department of Pathology, Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Družijanić A, Cigić L, Glavina A, Draganja M, Martinović D, Ković M. Serum Concentration of Vitamin D in Patients with Oral Lichen Planus. Acta Stomatol Croat 2023; 57:265-272. [PMID: 37808408 PMCID: PMC10557116 DOI: 10.15644/asc57/3/7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The vitamin D receptor is involved in immunologically mediated diseases such as oral lichen planus. Some studies suggest an association between lower vitamin D concentrations and a higher risk of inflammatory conditions such as oral lichen planus. The aim of this study was to investigate 1) whether there is a difference in serum vitamin D concentration in patients with oral lichen planus compared to patients in the control group, 2) whether there is a difference in serum vitamin D concentration in patients with erosive compared to non-erosive forms of oral lichen planus, 3) whether there is a difference in serum vitamin D concentration in patients with developed oral cancer and those without cancer. Material and Methods The study included 68 patients, 34 with oral lichen planus and 34 healthy controls. Fasting venous blood was taken from each participant to determine serum concentrations of vitamin D. Results The T-test results confirmed a statistically significant lower serum vitamin D concentration in patients with oral lichen planus compared to the control group (p=0.001). According to the results, a statistically significant lower serum vitamin D concentration was found in patients with erosive form OLP. All five patients with oral cancer, which was developed from erosive OLP, had low serum vitamin D concentrations. Conclusions Determination of serum vitamin D concentration could be important for monitoring OLP patients to prevent the development of severe clinical manifestations of erosive OLP and the conversion of symptomatic lesions to oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Družijanić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Livia Cigić
- Department of Dental Medicine, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | | | - Mirna Draganja
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Dinko Martinović
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia
| | - Mare Ković
- Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, Split, Croatia
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Sarhan N, Essam Abou Warda A, Alsahali S, Alanazi AS. Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Clinical Outcomes and Epigenetic Markers in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:262. [PMID: 37259407 PMCID: PMC9967129 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has recently been found to influence the renin-angiotensin system (RAS); it can reduce the effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) by decreasing plasma renin. This study examines the effect of vitamin D supplements on cardiac fibrosis markers, echocardiographic parameters, and epigenetic markers in patients with established acute coronary syndrome (ACS). It also looks at the incidence of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms Apa I (rs7975232), Bsm I (rs1544410), Taq I (rs731236), and Fok I (rs2228570) and its association with the development of secondary major acute cardiovascular events (MACE) and heart failure (HF). A randomized controlled trial in which patients were divided into two groups was performed. Group 1 comprised of 125 ACS patients who received ACS standard therapy alone, while Group 2 consisted of 125 ACS patients who received ACS standard therapy plus vitamin D according to their vitamin D levels. Patients were monitored for 24 months to find subsequent MACE and HF. Vitamin D therapy for ACS patients resulted in a substantial decline in end systolic and end diastolic volumes (p = 0.0075 and 0.002, respectively), procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (PIIINP) and soluble ST2 levels (p = 0.007 and 0.001, respectively), as well as in ejection fraction and vitamin D level (p = 0.0001 and 0.008, respectively). In addition, vitamin D treatment was linked to a significant decline in the levels of noncoding RNA, such as mir361, lncRNA MEG3, and lncRNA Chaer (p = 2.9 × 10-4, 2.2 × 10-6, and 1.2 × 10-5, respectively). Furthermore, patients who suffered MACE had significantly higher levels of the Bsm I CC and Fok I GG genotypes (p = 4.8 × 10-4 and 0.003, respectively), while patients with HF had significantly higher levels of the Taq I AA genotype (p = 4.2 × 10-7). Supplementing ACS patients with vitamin D has been demonstrated to limit cardiac fibrosis and echocardiographic parameters, as well as epigenetic markers. Additionally, MACE and HF among ACS patients may be related to genetic variations among VDR gene polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neven Sarhan
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, Cairo 11828, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Essam Abou Warda
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Saud Alsahali
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 6688, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalla Salah Alanazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Sagar S, Raman P, Gheena S, Abilasha R, Krishnan RP, Selvaraj J. Salivary vitamin D levels among OSCC and normal Indian patients. Bioinformation 2022; 18:884-887. [PMID: 37654831 PMCID: PMC10465772 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma comprises nearly 90% of all Oral cancers. Recent studies on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma are done with a focus on identification of factors that affect the outcome of treatment, one of which is vitamin D levels. The aim of this study was to evaluate vitamin D3 levels in patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Normal Population with saliva as a biomarker. The study sample comprised of 40 subjects, of whom 20 were patients diagnosed with OSCC and 20 healthy subjects. The salivary samples obtained were assessed using Vitamin D3 ELISA kit. The mean salivary Vitamin D3 levels were 39.09 ng/dl among OSCC patients and 44.49 ng/dl among healthy subjects. Salivary Vitamin D levels in OSCC patients were found to be significantly less compared to the healthy controls. More than 90% of cancers of the oral cavity are Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Recent studies are done with a focus on identification of factors affecting the treatment of cancer, one of which is vitamin D levels. The aim of the study was to evaluate salivary vitamin D3 levels in patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and in Normal Population. 40 patients were selected for the study. Salivary samples collected were assessed using Vitamin D3 ELISA Kit-EDI Total 25-OH Vitamin D EIA Kit to detect the salivary vitamin D levels. Mean Salivary Vitamin D3 levels were found to be 39.09 ng/dl in OSCC patients and 44.49 ng/dl in healthy subjects. A salivary Vitamin D level in OSCC patients was found to be significantly less compared to the healthy controls. Decreased Vitamin D3 levels in patients with OSCC indicate that Vitamin D3 deficiency increases the rate of cell proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis & metastasis in patients with OSCC. Vitamin D level is likely to reduce the severity of the disease and hence Vitamin D supplementation for OSCC patients in the early stages of treatment and after treatment can be done to enhance the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sagar
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Pratibha Raman
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - S Gheena
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - R Abilasha
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Reshma Poothakulath Krishnan
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - J Selvaraj
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
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Expression of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene and VDR polymorphism rs11574113 in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Helde Frankling M, Klasson C, Björkhem-Bergman L. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Cancer Patients Admitted to Palliative Care: A Post-Hoc Analysis of the Swedish Trial 'Palliative-D'. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030602. [PMID: 35276963 PMCID: PMC8840761 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explore 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in patients with cancer in the palliative phase in relation to season, sex, age, tumor type, colectomy, and survival. To this end, we performed a post-hoc analysis of ‘Palliative-D’, a randomized placebo-controlled, double-blind trial investigating the effect of daily supplementation with 4000 IU of vitamin D for 12 weeks on pain in patients in palliative cancer care. In the screening cohort (n = 530), 10% of patients had 25-OHD levels < 25 nmol/L, 50% < 50, and 84% < 75 nmol/L. Baseline 25-OHD did not differ between seasons or tumor type and was not correlated with survival time. In vitamin D deficient patients supplemented with vitamin D (n = 67), 86% reached sufficient levels, i.e., >50 nmol/L, after 12 weeks. An increase in 25-OHD was larger in supplemented women than in men (53 vs. 37 nmol/L, p = 0.02) and was not affected by season. In the placebo-group (n = 83), decreased levels of 25-OHD levels were noted during the study period for patients recruited during the last quarter of the year. In conclusion, cancer patients in palliative phase have adequate increase in 25-OHD after vitamin D supplementation regardless of season, age, tumor type, or colectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Helde Frankling
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
| | - Caritha Klasson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Palliative Medicine, Mariebergsgatan 22, SE-112 19 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Björkhem-Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Blickagången 16, Neo Floor 7, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden; (C.K.); (L.B.-B.)
- Stockholms Sjukhem, Palliative Medicine, Mariebergsgatan 22, SE-112 19 Stockholm, Sweden
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Parameters of Oxidative Stress, Vitamin D, Osteopontin, and Melatonin in Patients with Lip, Oral Cavity, and Pharyngeal Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2364931. [PMID: 34721756 PMCID: PMC8550860 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2364931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers (LOCP) constitute a group of rare neoplasms with unfavorable prognosis. So far, not much is known about the role of vitamin D and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of LOCP in the European population. The aim of the study was to determine the concentrations of vitamin D, osteopontin, melatonin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) as markers of oxidative stress and/or inflammation, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes in the course of LOCP. The vitamin D, melatonin, and osteopontin concentrations in blood serum, the MDA levels in erythrocytes and blood plasma, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in erythrocytes were measured in blood samples taken from 25 LOCP patients of middle age (YCG), 20 LOCP elderly patients (OCG), and 25 healthy middle-aged volunteers. In both cancer groups, decreases in vitamin D and CAT, as well as increases in osteopontin and blood plasma MDA, were observed. An increase in GPx activity in YCG and a decrease in melatonin level in OCG were found. The results indicate the vitamin D deficiency and disturbed oxidant-antioxidant homeostasis in LOCP patients. Osteopontin seems to be associated with LOCP carcinogenesis and requires further research.
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Vitamin D and Its Role in Oral Diseases Development. Scoping Review. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9110129. [PMID: 34821593 PMCID: PMC8618634 DOI: 10.3390/dj9110129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble secosteroid that plays a significant role in the whole body, including the maxillofacial region. The discovery of its receptors in many cells and organs made it possible to reveal the participation of vitamin D not only in the regulation of calcium phosphate metabolism, but also in immune processes, in providing anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, slowing down cell proliferation and stimulating differentiation. In this literature review, we demonstrate the association between low vitamin D levels and the development of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, the course and response to treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, the severity of periodontal diseases, and the processes of osseointegration and bone remodeling during dental implantation and guided tissue regeneration. The aim of our article was to demonstate a possible connection between vitamin D level and the oral diseases that can be presented at an oral surgery appointment, which will help clinicians to reduce the risk of early dental implant failure, ensure favorable outcomes of augmentative operations, as well as decrease the destructive effects of severe periodontitis and other conditions throug knowledge and timely lab tests and endocrinologist prescriptions.
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Groysman M, Bearelly S, Baker A, Wang SJ, Symms J. Association of Perioperative Complications with Vitamin D Levels in Major Head and Neck Surgery. Laryngoscope 2021; 132:578-583. [PMID: 34387893 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate the association of vitamin D level and perioperative complications in patients undergoing major head and neck surgery. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective Cohort Study. METHODS A retrospective chart review was performed for all patients undergoing reconstructive head and neck surgery between December 2017 and December 2019. Data regarding patient demographics, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (calcidiol) level, hospital course, prior radiation, and fistula formation were collected. Patients were categorized by serum calcidiol level as deficient (<20 ng/mL) or sufficient (≧20 ng/mL) and outcomes were compared between groups. RESULTS Fifty-seven patients were included in the analysis. Average age at time of surgery was 62.6 ± 10.6 years. Patients with vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL were considered deficient and ≧20 ng/mL were considered sufficient. Individuals in the deficient group (n = 29) had a mean serum calcidiol level of 13.95 ± 3.95 ng/mL, whereas those in the sufficient group (n = 28) had a mean calcidiol level of 28.53 ± 5.73 ng/mL. The rate of fistula was 41.4% in the deficient group, whereas patients in the sufficient group had a rate of fistula of 14.3% (P = .038). On multivariate analysis, higher serum calcidiol level above 20 ng/mL was associated with a lower likelihood of developing fistulae with an odds ratio 0.830 (95% confidence interval: 0.718-0.960, P = .012). CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in development of fistula after major head and neck surgery. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Groysman
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Shethal Bearelly
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Audrey Baker
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - Steven J Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
| | - John Symms
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, U.S.A
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Izreig S, Hajek M, Edwards HA, Mehra S, Sasaki C, Judson BL, Rahmati RW. The role of vitamin D in head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020; 5:1079-1088. [PMID: 33364397 PMCID: PMC7752058 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) describes a set of malignancies of the head and neck that continue to inflict considerable morbidity and mortality. Because HNSCC often presents at an advanced stage, patients frequently undergo intensive multi-modal therapy with an intent to cure. Vitamin D is a precursor to the biologically active hormone calcitriol which governs bone and calcium physiology that is obtained from diet and UV-B exposure. Vitamin D is known to have pleiotropic effects on health and disease. In this review, we examine the role of vitamin D in cancer with emphasis on HNSCC and discuss potential avenues for further research that might better elucidate the role of vitamin D in the management of HNSCC. REVIEW METHODS A review of MEDLINE database indexed literature concerning the role and biology of vitamin D in HNSCC was conducted, with special consideration of recently published work and research involving immunobiology and HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests that vitamin D may play a role in protecting against HNSCC, particularly in persons who smoke, although conflicting and limited data exists. Promising initial work encourages the pursuit of further study. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The significant morbidity and mortality that HNSCC brings warrants continued research in available and safe interventions that improve patient outcomes. With the rise of immunotherapy as an effective modality for treatment, continued research of vitamin D as an adjunct in the treatment of HNSCC is supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Izreig
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Michael Hajek
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Heather A. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Present address:
Department of Otolaryngology‐Head & Neck SurgeryBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Saral Mehra
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Clarence Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Benjamin L. Judson
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Rahmatullah W. Rahmati
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Barrea L, Frias-Toral E, Pugliese G, Garcia-Velasquez E, DE Los Angeles Carignano M, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Vitamin D in obesity and obesity-related diseases: an overview. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2020; 46:177-192. [PMID: 33213116 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D and obesity represent two pandemic conditions sometimes associated with each other. Although it is known that there is a close relationship between these two health problems, the underlying pathophysiological mechanism has not yet been fully clarified. In fact, on the one hand, obesity per se seems to involve low circulating levels of vitamin D due to low sun exposure, physical activity, and intake of foods rich in vitamin D, volumetric dilution and sequestration in the adipose tissue. Conversely, since preadipocytes and adipocytes express the receptors and are involved in the metabolism of vitamin D it would seem that low levels of this vitamin may be involved in adipogenesis and therefore in the development of obesity. This connection is extremely important when considering obesity-related diseases. In fact, low vitamin D levels and severe obesity are significantly associated with some cardio-metabolic risk factors, including high Body Mass Index, waist circumference, blood pressure, impaired lipid and glycemic profile and insulin resistance, as they would seem associated with worse cardiovascular outcomes and higher cancer incidence and mortality. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the recent evidence linking low vitamin D status, obesity and obesity-related diseases, highlighting the scientific achievements and the gaps to be filled with further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management (COM) of The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy - .,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy -
| | - Evelyn Frias-Toral
- SOLCA Hospital, Guayaquil, Ecuador.,Santiago de Guayaquil Catholic University, Guayaquil, Ecuador
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management (COM) of The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Savastano
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management (COM) of The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management (COM) of The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Collaborating Centers for Obesity Management (COM) of The European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
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13
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Mäkitie A, Tuokkola I, Laurell G, Mäkitie O, Olsen K, Takes RP, Florek E, Szyfter K, Sier CFM, Ferlito A. Vitamin D in Head and Neck Cancer: a Systematic Review. Curr Oncol Rep 2020; 23:5. [PMID: 33216252 PMCID: PMC7679336 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-020-00996-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Observational studies have shown that serum 25-OH vitamin D [25(OH)D] is inversely associated with overall cancer risk in many malignancies. We performed a systematic literature review to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is related to head and neck cancer (HNC) etiology and outcome. RECENT FINDINGS The search yielded five prospective studies reporting 25(OH)D levels prior to cancer diagnosis and their effect on the risk of HNC. Eight studies were cross-sectional or case-control studies, in which 25(OH)D levels were only measured after cancer diagnosis. Two studies found an inverse association between 25(OH)D level and HNC risk, while two other prospective cohort studies demonstrated no connection between 25(OH)D and HNC risk. Several studies reported cancer patients to have significantly lower 25(OH)D levels than controls. Associations between 25(OH)D and prognosis and mortality were variable. The link between vitamin D and HNC has so far only been investigated in a few observational, prospective, and case-control studies. Vitamin D deficiency may be more common in HNC patients than in the healthy population. There is no evidence for a causal relationship. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether low 25(OH)D concentrations play a role in the development or outcome of HNCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Mäkitie
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland. .,Research Program in Systems Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. .,Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Iida Tuokkola
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 263, FI-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Göran Laurell
- Department of Surgical Sciences, ENT, Uppsala University, SE-75185, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kerry Olsen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert P Takes
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ewa Florek
- Laboratory of Environmental Research, Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Szyfter
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Cornelis F M Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alfio Ferlito
- Coordinator of International Head and Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy
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14
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Sluyter JD, Manson JE, Scragg R. Vitamin D and Clinical Cancer Outcomes: A Review of Meta-Analyses. JBMR Plus 2020; 5:e10420. [PMID: 33553987 PMCID: PMC7839823 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between vitamin D status or supplementation and cancer outcomes has been examined in several meta‐analyses. To address remaining knowledge gaps, we conducted a systematic overview and critical appraisal of pertinent meta‐analyses. For meta‐analyses of trials, we assessed their quality using AMSTAR‐2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews), strength of associations using umbrella review methodology and credibility of evidence using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) criteria. Meta‐analyses of observational studies reported inverse associations of 25OHD with risk of cancer incidence and cancer mortality and, particularly for colorectal cancer, fulfilled some of Bradford‐Hill's causation criteria. In meta‐analyses of trials, vitamin D supplementation did not affect cancer incidence. However, we found credible evidence that vitamin D supplementation reduced total cancer mortality risk, with five out of six meta‐analyses reporting a relative risk (RR) reduction of up to 16%: RR, 0.84 (95% CI, 0.74–0.95). The strength of the association, however, was classified as weak. This was true among meta‐analyses of high, moderate, and lower quality (AMSTAR‐2–rated). Trials did not include large numbers of vitamin D‐deficient participants; many tested relatively low doses and lacked sufficiently powered data on site‐specific cancers. In conclusion, meta‐analyses show that, although observational evidence indicates that low vitamin D status is associated with a higher risk of cancer outcomes, randomized trials show that vitamin D supplementation reduces total cancer mortality, but not cancer incidence. However, trials with larger proportions of vitamin D‐insufficient participants and longer durations of follow‐up, plus adequately powered data on site‐specific common cancers, would provide further insight into the evidence base. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Sluyter
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Department of Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA.,Department of Epidemiology Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA USA
| | - Robert Scragg
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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15
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Botelho J, Machado V, Proença L, Delgado AS, Mendes JJ. Vitamin D Deficiency and Oral Health: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1471. [PMID: 32438644 PMCID: PMC7285165 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) levels have been gaining growing attention in Oral Health. During growth and adulthood, VD deficiency (VDD) is associated with a wide variety of oral health disorders, and impaired VD synthesis may expedite some of these conditions. In children, severe VDD can induce defective tooth mineralization, resulting in dentin and enamel defects. As a consequence, these defects may increase the risk of the onset and progression of dental caries. Further, VDD has been associated with higher prevalence of periodontitis and gingival inflammation, and several recent preclinical and clinical studies have unveiled potential pathways through which Vitamin D may interact with the periodontium. VDD correction through supplementation may contribute to a successful treatment of periodontitis; however, alveolar bone regeneration procedures performed in baseline VDD patients seem more prone to failure. Vitamin D may also be linked with some oral pathology entities such as certain oral cancers and events of osteonecrosis of the jaw. This review aims to provide comprehensive evidence of how VD levels should be considered to promote good oral health, and to summarize how VDD may hamper oral development and its role in certain oral conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Botelho
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal;
- CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal; (A.S.D.); (J.J.M.)
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department, Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal;
- CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal; (A.S.D.); (J.J.M.)
- Orthodontics Department, CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - Luís Proença
- Quantitative Methods for Health Research Unit (MQIS), CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal;
| | - Ana Sintra Delgado
- CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal; (A.S.D.); (J.J.M.)
- Orthodontics Department, CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz–Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- CRU, CiiEM, Egas Moniz—Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, 2829-511 Caparica, Almada, Portugal; (A.S.D.); (J.J.M.)
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16
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Verma A, Vincent-Chong VK, DeJong H, Hershberger PA, Seshadri M. Impact of dietary vitamin D on initiation and progression of oral cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105603. [PMID: 31981799 PMCID: PMC7166186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Calcitriol, the active metabolite of vitamin D, has been widely studied for its preventive and therapeutic activity against several cancers including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, the impact of dietary vitamin D supplementation on initiation and progression of OSCC is unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, we conducted preclinical trials using the 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide 4NQO carcinogen model of oral carcinogenesis. Female C57BL/6 mice were maintained on one of three vitamin D diets [25 IU, 100 IU, 10,000 IU] and exposed to 4NQO in drinking water for 16 weeks followed by regular water for 10 weeks. Body weight measurements obtained through the study duration did not reveal any differences between the three diets. Animals on 100 IU diet showed lower incidence of high-grade dysplasia/OSCC and higher CD3 + T cells compared to animals on 25 IU and 10,000 IU diets. Serum 25OHD3 levels were highest in animals on 10,000 IU diet at week 0 prior to carcinogen exposure but showed ∼50 % reduction at week 26. Histologic evaluation revealed highest incidence of OSCC in animals maintained on 10,000 IU diet. Animals on 100 IU and 10,000 IU diets showed higher vitamin D receptor VDR and CYP24A1 immunostaining in high-grade dysplastic lesions and OSCC compared to normal tongue. Validation studies performed in a 4NQO-derived OSCC model showed that short-term treatment of animals on a 25 IU diet with calcitriol significantly inhibited tumor growth compared to controls but did not affect tumor growth in animals on reference diet 1000 IU. Collectively, our results highlight the complex dynamics between vitamin D status and oral carcinogenesis. Our observations also suggest that therapeutic benefits of short-term calcitriol treatment may be more pronounced in vitamin D deficient hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mukund Seshadri
- Center for Oral Oncology, United States; Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Prosthetics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States.
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17
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Udeabor SE, Albejadi AM, Al-Shehri WAK, Onwuka CI, Al-Fathani SY, Al Nazeh AA, Aldhahri SF, Alshahrani FA. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: Making a case for chemoprevention. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 6:428-432. [PMID: 32246747 PMCID: PMC7453769 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Serum level of vitamin D has been used as a predictor for cancer development. We intend to measure the baseline vitamin D level in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare same with non‐cancer controls to determine any association. Materials and methods Patients with OSCC presenting to our clinics were included in this study. Their baseline serum vitamin D levels were measured prior to cancer treatment after obtaining their consents. These patients were then matched with at least 2 cancer‐free subjects to serve as controls and whose serum vitamin D levels were also measured. The serum vitamin D levels obtained for the two groups were then categorized into normal (>35 ng/ml), mild deficiency (25–35 ng/ml), moderate deficiency (12.5–25 ng/ml), and severe deficiency (<12.5 ng/ml). The data were analyzed statistically and the two groups compared. Results A total of 51 patients with OSCC (Male 22 [43%] and female 29 [57%]) and 113 cancer‐free controls (Male 36 [31.86%] and female 77 [68.14%]) were included in the study. The commonest site for OSCC was the tongue, accounting for 45% of the cancer cases. Mean age for cancer patients was 59.33 years ±12.54 and 49.24 years ±15.79 for the control. Among the OSCC patients, 74.51% had moderate to severe vitamin D deficiencies, whereas only 20.35% had a moderate deficiency in the control group with no severe deficiency. Conclusion Logistic regression analysis shows a positive association between vitamin D deficiency and OSCC risk especially in levels below 25 ng/ml. This further corroborates the assertion that vitamin D deficiency may be a useful indicator of OSCC. It may, therefore, be necessary to routinely prescribe vitamin D supplements to subjects with moderate to severe deficiencies in order to decrease the chances of OSCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel E Udeabor
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Albejadi
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed A K Al-Shehri
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chidozie I Onwuka
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Y Al-Fathani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Al Nazeh
- Department of Pediatrics and Orthodontics, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh F Aldhahri
- College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faleh A Alshahrani
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Damiani G, Conic R, Orlando G, Zampetti A, Marinello E, Piai M, Linder MD. Vitamin D in trichology: a comprehensive review of the role of vitamin D and its receptor in hair and scalp disorders. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2019; 155:190-197. [PMID: 31210464 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.19.06305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of various biological systems. Beside its well-known function in calcium and phosphate metabolism, it plays a major role in pathophysiology of skin and adnexa. Indeed, vitamin D, through its receptor (VDR), decreases keratinocyte proliferation, improves their differentiation and modulates both cutaneous innate (antimicrobial activity and antigen presentation) and adaptative immunity (T and B lymphocyte function). The maintenance of normal hair is dependant on the integrity of the dermis, epidermis and hair cycles. Beside its effect on epidermal differentiation, VDR plays a vital role in preserving the hair follicle integrity. While the relevance of VDR has been fully elucidated, the real value of vitamin D in the hair follicle cycle still remains uncertain. To date, results in literature remain contradicting and far from definitive; still, the role of vitamin D in the various forms of human alopecia is likely to be significant. The aim of this article is to review evidence about the role of vitamin D and its receptor in trichology, with a focus on scarring and non-scarring alopecia and in particular on the potential therapeutic use of Vitamin D for hair and scalp disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Damiani
- Research Center of the Italian Group for Epidemiologic Studies in Dermatology (GISED), Bergamo, Italy.,Department of Clinical Dermatology, Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosalynn Conic
- Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gloria Orlando
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy -
| | - Anna Zampetti
- Rare Diseases and Fevers Research Center, A. Gemelli University Polyclinic, IRCCS and Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Marinello
- Department of Dermatology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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19
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Ramadan A, Sallam SF, Elsheikh MS, Ishak SR, Abdelsayed MG, Salah M, Nazih R, Khairat R, Ibrahim OM. VDR gene expression in asthmatic children patients in relation to vitamin D status and supplementation. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Young MRI, Xiong Y. Influence of vitamin D on cancer risk and treatment: Why the variability? TRENDS IN CANCER RESEARCH 2018; 13:43-53. [PMID: 30369773 PMCID: PMC6201256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The association between vitamin D and cancer has long been studied, but the results have been variable. Thus, there does not seem to be a consensus on whether vitamin D has a beneficial anti-cancer effect. This review not only summarizes the association between vitamin D and cancer risk and results of clinical trials involving vitamin D, but explores some of the reasons that contribute to the variability of study outcomes. Highlighted are single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that contribute to variability in the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation. Understanding these differences can personalize approaches to optimize the effectiveness of vitamin D in limiting cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rita I. Young
- Research Service, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
- department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ying Xiong
- department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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