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Ling T, Yin A, Cao Y, Li J, Li H, Zhou Y, Guo X, Li J, Zhang R, Wu H, Li P. Purinergic Astrocyte Signaling Driven by TNF-α After Cannabidiol Administration Restores Normal Synaptic Remodeling Following Traumatic Brain Injury. Neuroscience 2024; 545:31-46. [PMID: 38460903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent form of cranial trauma that results in neural conduction disruptions and damage to synaptic structures and functions. Cannabidiol (CBD), a primary derivative from plant-based cannabinoids, exhibits a range of beneficial effects, including analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, anti-anxiety, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties. Nevertheless, the effects of synaptic reconstruction and the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. TBI is characterized by increased levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a cytokine integral for the modulation of glutamate release by astrocytes. In the present study, the potential of CBD in regulating aberrant glutamate signal transmission in astrocytes following brain injury, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved, were investigated using immunofluorescence double staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot analysis, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, Nissl staining, transmission electron microscopy, and RT-qPCR. In this study, we examined the impact of CBD on neuronal synapses, focusing on the TNF-α-driven purinergic signaling pathway. Specifically, our research revealed that CBD pretreatment effectively reduced the secretion of TNF-α induced by astrocyte activation following TBI. This reduction inhibited the interaction between TNF-α and P2Y1 receptors, leading to a decrease in the release of neurotransmitters, including Ca2+ and glutamate, thereby initiating synaptic remodeling. Our study showed that CBD exhibits significant therapeutic potential for TBI-related synaptic dysfunction, offering valuable insights for future research and more effective TBI treatments. Further exploration of the potential applications of CBD in neuroprotection is required to develop innovative clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenghan Ling
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Aiping Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Hengxi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Kunming Medical University Electron Microscope Laboratory, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Xiaobing Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Jinghui Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Ruilin Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Haiying Wu
- Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology/Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Martin ER, Gandawijaya J, Oguro-Ando A. A novel method for generating glutamatergic SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells utilizing B-27 supplement. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:943627. [PMID: 36339621 PMCID: PMC9630362 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.943627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line is widely used in neuroscience research as a neuronal cell model. Following differentiation to a neuron-like state, SH-SY5Y cells become more morphologically similar to neurons and form functional synapses. Previous studies have managed to differentiate SH-SY5Y cells towards cholinergic, dopaminergic and adrenergic fates. However, their application in disease modeling remains limited as other neuronal subtypes (e.g., glutamatergic, GABAergic) are also implicated in neurological disorders, and no current protocols exist to generate these subtypes of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. Our study aimed to evaluate the use of a xeno-free version of B-27, a supplement commonly used in neuronal culture, for SH-SY5Y maintenance and differentiation. To evaluate the proliferative capacity of SH-SY5Y cells cultured in B-27, we performed growth curve analyses, immunocytochemical staining for Ki-67 and qRT-PCR to track changes in cell cycle progression. SH-SY5Y cells cultured in FBS or under serum-starved conditions were used as controls. We observed that SH-SY5Y cells show reduced growth and proliferation rates accompanied by decreased CDK6 and CDK1 expression following 4-day exposure to B-27, suggesting B-27 induces a quiescent state in SH-SY5Y cells. Importantly, this reduced growth rate was not due to increased apoptosis. As cell cycle exit is associated with differentiation, we next sought to determine the fate of SH-SY5Y cells cultured in B-27. B-27-cultured SH-SY5Y cells show changes in cell morphology, adopting pyramidal shapes and extending neurites, and upregulation of neuronal differentiation markers (GAP43, TUBB3, and SYP). B-27-cultured SH-SY5Y cells also show increased expression of glutamatergic markers (GLUL and GLS). These findings suggest that B-27 may be a non-toxic inducer of glutamatergic SH-SY5Y differentiation. Our study demonstrates a novel way of using B-27 to obtain populations of glutamatergic SH-SY5Y cells. As dysregulated glutamatergic signaling is associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, the capability to generate glutamatergic neuron-like SH-SY5Y cells creates endless disease modeling opportunities. The ease of SH-SY5Y culture allows researchers to generate large-scale cultures for high-throughput pharmacological or toxicity studies. Also compatible with the growing popularity of animal-component-free studies, this xeno-free B-27/SH-SY5Y culture system will be a valuable tool to boost the translational potential of preliminary studies requiring glutamatergic neuronal cells of human origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily-Rose Martin
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Josan Gandawijaya
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Asami Oguro-Ando
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
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Plakhova VB, Penniyaynen VA, Rogachevskii IV, Podzorova SA, Khalisov MM, Ankudinov AV, Krylov BV. Dual mechanism of modulation of Na V1.8 sodium channels by ouabain. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:785-802. [PMID: 32687732 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the primary sensory neuron, ouabain activates the dual mechanism that modulates the functional activity of NaV1.8 channels. Ouabain at endogenous concentrations (EO) triggers two different signaling cascades, in which the Na,K-ATPase/Src complex is the EO target and the signal transducer. The fast EO effect is based on modulation of the NaV1.8 channel activation gating device. EO triggers the tangential signaling cascade along the neuron membrane from Na,K-ATPase to the NaV1.8 channel. It evokes a decrease in effective charge transfer of the NaV1.8 channel activation gating device. Intracellular application of PP2, an inhibitor of Src kinase, completely eliminated the effect of EO, thus indicating the absence of direct EO binding to the NaV1.8 channel. The delayed EO effect probably controls the density of NaV1.8 channels in the neuron membrane. EO triggers the downstream signaling cascade to the neuron genome, which should result in a delayed decrease in the NaV1.8 channels' density. PKC and p38 MAPK are involved in this pathway. Identification of the dual mechanism of the strong EO effect on NaV1.8 channels makes it possible to suggest that application of EO to the primary sensory neuron membrane should result in a potent antinociceptive effect at the organismal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera B Plakhova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Valentina A Penniyaynen
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ilia V Rogachevskii
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Podzorova
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Maksim M Khalisov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander V Ankudinov
- Ioffe Physical Technical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Polytekhnicheskaya str., 194021, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Boris V Krylov
- Pavlov Institute of Physiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Makarova Emb., 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Pang J, Hou J, Zhou Z, Ren M, Mo Y, Yang G, Qu Z, Hu Y. Safflower Yellow Improves Synaptic Plasticity in APP/PS1 Mice by Regulating Microglia Activation Phenotypes and BDNF/TrkB/ERK Signaling Pathway. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 22:341-358. [DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08591-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Hami J, Vafaei-Nezhad S, Sadeghi A, Ghaemi K, Taheri MMH, Fereidouni M, Ivar G, Hosseini M. Synaptogenesis in the Cerebellum of Offspring Born to Diabetic Mothers. J Pediatr Neurosci 2017; 12:215-221. [PMID: 29204194 PMCID: PMC5696656 DOI: 10.4103/jpn.jpn_144_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that maternal diabetes mellitus during the pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of neurodevelopmental and neurofunctional anomalies including motor dysfunctions, learning deficits, and behavioral problems in offspring. The cerebellum is a part of the brain that has long been recognized as a center of movement balance and motor coordination. Moreover, recent studies in humans and animals have also implicated the cerebellum in cognitive processing, sensory discrimination, attention, and learning and memory. Synaptogenesis is one of the most crucial events during the development of the central nervous system. Synaptophysin (SYP) is an integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles and is considered to be a marker for synaptic density and synaptogenesis. Here, we review the manuscripts focusing on the negative impacts of maternal diabetes in pregnancy on the expression or localization of SYP in the developing cerebellar cortex. We believe that the alteration in synaptogenesis or synapse density may be part of the cascade of events through which diabetes in pregnant women affects the newborn's cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hami
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Vafaei-Nezhad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Akram Sadeghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Kazem Ghaemi
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Fereidouni
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ivar
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehran Hosseini
- Department of Public Health, Research Centre of Experimental Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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6
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Hami J, Vafaei-Nezhad S, Ivar G, Sadeghi A, Ghaemi K, Mostafavizadeh M, Hosseini M. Altered expression and localization of synaptophysin in developing cerebellar cortex of neonatal rats due to maternal diabetes mellitus. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:1369-1380. [PMID: 27389246 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9864-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
There is sufficient evidence that diabetes during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of neurodevelopmental anomalies including learning deficits, behavioral problems and motor dysfunctions in the offspring. Synaptophysin (SYP) is an integral membrane protein of synaptic vesicles and is considered as a marker for synaptogenesis and synaptic density. This study aimed to examine the effects of maternal diabetes in pregnancy on the expression and localization of SYP in the developing rat cerebellum. Wistar female rats were maintained diabetic from a week before pregnancy through parturition and male offspring was euthanized at postnatal day (P) 0, 7, and 14. The results revealed a significant down-regulation in the mRNA expression of SYP in the offspring born to diabetic animals at both P7 and P14 (P < 0.05 each). One week after birth, there was a significant reduction in the localization of SYP expression in the external granular (EGL) and in the molecular (ML) layers of neonates born to diabetic animals (P < 0.05 each). We also found a marked decrease in the expression of SYP in all of the cerebellar cortical layers of STZ-D group pups at P14 (P < 0.05 each). Moreover, our results revealed no significant changes in either expression or localization of SYP in insulin-treated group pups when compared with the controls (P ≥ 0.05 each). The present study demonstrated that maternal diabetes has adverse effects on the synaptogenesis in the offspring's cerebellum. Furthermore, the rigid maternal blood glucose control in the most cases normalized these negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hami
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghaffari St, Birjand, Iran
| | - Saeed Vafaei-Nezhad
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghaffari St, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Ghasem Ivar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Ghaffari St, Birjand, Iran
| | - Akram Sadeghi
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kazem Ghaemi
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Mehran Hosseini
- Department of Public Health, Deputy of Research and Technology, Research Centre of Experimental Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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7
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Wang CF, Zhao CC, Jiang G, Gu X, Feng JF, Jiang JY. The Role of Posttraumatic Hypothermia in Preventing Dendrite Degeneration and Spine Loss after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37063. [PMID: 27833158 PMCID: PMC5105136 DOI: 10.1038/srep37063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttraumatic hypothermia prevents cell death and promotes functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, little is known regarding the effect of hypothermia on dendrite degeneration and spine loss after severe TBI. In the present study, we used thy1-GFP transgenic mice to investigate the effect of hypothermia on the dendrites and spines in layer V/VI of the ipsilateral cortex after severe TBI. We found that hypothermia (33 °C) dramatically prevented dendrite degeneration and spine loss 1 and 7 days after CCI. The Morris water maze test revealed that hypothermia preserved the learning and memory functions of mice after CCI. Hypothermia significantly increased the expression of the synaptic proteins GluR1 and PSD-95 at 1 and 7 days after CCI in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus compared with that of the normothermia TBI group. Hypothermia also increased cortical and hippocampal BDNF levels. These results suggest that posttraumatic hypothermia is an effective method to prevent dendrite degeneration and spine loss and preserve learning and memory function after severe TBI. Increasing cortical and hippocampal BDNF levels might be the mechanism through which hypothermia prevents dendrite degeneration and spine loss and preserves learning and memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Fang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Science, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Feng Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Yao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Institute of Head Trauma, Shanghai 200127, People's Republic of China
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8
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Seo MK, McIntyre RS, Cho HY, Lee CH, Park SW, Mansur RB, Kim GM, Baek JH, Woo YS, Lee JG, Kim YH. Tianeptine induces mTORC1 activation in rat hippocampal neurons under toxic conditions. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2016; 233:2617-27. [PMID: 27129862 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-016-4309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recent studies have demonstrated that mTORC1 activation may be related to antidepressant action. However, the relationship between mTORC1 signaling activation and currently prescribed antidepressants remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to determine whether alterations in mTORC1 signaling are observable following treatment with tianeptine under toxic conditions induced by B27 deprivation. Additionally, we investigated whether this drug affects synaptic proteins, neurite outgrowth, and spine density via mTORC1 signaling. METHODS Using Western blotting, we measured the phosphorylation levels of mTORC1, 4E-BP-1, p70S6K, Akt, and ERK in rat primary hippocampal neurons. Changes in BDNF, dendritic outgrowth, spine density, and synaptic proteins (PSD-95, synaptophysin, and GluR1) were measured. RESULTS Tianeptine significantly increased the phosphorylation of mTORC1, 4E-BP-1, p70S6K, Akt, and ERK. The increase in mTOR phosphorylation was blocked by the PI3K, MEK, and mTORC1 inhibitors. Tianeptine increased BDNF, dendritic outgrowth, spine density, and synaptic proteins; all of these effects were blocked by the mTORC1 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrated that tianeptine activates the mTORC1 signaling pathway and increases dendritic outgrowth, spine density, and synaptic proteins through mTORC1 signaling under toxic conditions in rat primary hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Kyoung Seo
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Roger S McIntyre
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hye Yeon Cho
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hong Lee
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Woo Park
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Rodrigo B Mansur
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gyung-Mee Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Baek
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sup Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Goo Lee
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, 1435, Jwa-dong, Haeundae-gu, Busan, 612-030, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hoon Kim
- Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, 1435, Jwa-dong, Haeundae-gu, Busan, 612-030, Republic of Korea.
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Piscioneri A, Morelli S, Mele M, Canonaco M, Bilotta E, Pantano P, Drioli E, De Bartolo L. Neuroprotective effect of human mesenchymal stem cells in a compartmentalized neuronal membrane system. Acta Biomater 2015; 24:297-308. [PMID: 26087109 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the development of a compartmentalized membrane system using neonatal rodent hippocampal cells and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) to investigate the neuroprotective effects of hMSCs. To elucidate this interaction an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was used that mimics central nervous system insults in vivo. Cells were cultured in a membrane system with a sandwich configuration in which the hippocampal cells were seeded on a fluorocarbon (FC) membrane, and were separated by hMSCs through a semipermeable polyethersulfone (PES) membrane that ensures the transport of molecules and paracrine factors, but prevents cell-to-cell contact. This system was used to simulate a cerebral ischemic damage by inducing OGD for 120min. The core contribution of the work highlights the neuroprotective effects of hMSCs on hippocampal cells in a membrane system for the first time. The novel results show that hMSC secretome factors protect hippocampal cells against OGD insults as indicated by the conservation of specific structural and functional cell features together with the development of a highly branched neural network after the damage. Moreover, neuronal cells co-cultured with hMSCs before OGD insult were able to maintain BDNF production and O2 consumption and did not express the apoptotic markers that were expressed in similarly insulted neuronal cells that had not been co-cultured with hMSCs. This compartmentalized membrane system appears to be a very useful and reliable system for studying the neuroprotective effects of hMSCs and identifying secreted factors that may be involved. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This paper is based on a combined synergism of biomaterials technology and stem cell approach, focusing on the development of a compartmentalized membrane system that serves as an innovative tool for highlighting the role of hMSCs on hippocampal neurons upon damage. The membrane system consists of two different flat sheet membranes, giving rise to double and separated cell membrane compartments that prevent cell-to-cell contact but allow the transport of paracrine factors. This system strongly corroborates the paracrine mediated neuroprotection of hMSCs on ischemic damaged neurons. The challenging and pioneeristic approach by using biomaterials allowed to perform a stepwise analysis of the phenomena, providing new insights into the field of MSC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Piscioneri
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 17/C, I-87030 Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Sabrina Morelli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 17/C, I-87030 Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Maria Mele
- Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, DIBEST, via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Marcello Canonaco
- Comparative Neuroanatomy Laboratory, DIBEST, via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Eleonora Bilotta
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Pietro Pantano
- Department of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Enrico Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 17/C, I-87030 Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, c/o University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 17/C, I-87030 Rende (CS) Italy.
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Tekko T, Lilleväli K, Luuk H, Sütt S, Truu L, Örd T, Möls M, Vasar E. Initiation and developmental dynamics of Wfs1 expression in the context of neural differentiation and ER stress in mouse forebrain. Int J Dev Neurosci 2014; 35:80-8. [PMID: 24694561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Wolframin (Wfs1) is a membrane glycoprotein that resides in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and regulates cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis. In pancreas Wfs1 attenuates unfolded protein response (UPR) and protects cells from apoptosis. Loss of Wfs1 function results in Wolfram syndrome (OMIM 222300) characterized by early-onset diabetes mellitus, progressive optic atrophy, diabetes insipidus, deafness, and psychiatric disorders. Similarly, Wfs1-/- mice exhibit diabetes and increased basal anxiety. In the adult central nervous system Wfs1 is prominent in central extended amygdala, striatum and hippocampus, brain structures largely involved in behavioral adaptation of the organism. Here, we describe the initiation pattern of Wfs1 expression in mouse forebrain using mRNA in situ hybridization and compare it with Synaptophysin (Syp1), a gene encoding synaptic vesicle protein widely used as neuronal differentiation marker. We show that the expression of Wfs1 starts during late embryonic development in the dorsal striatum and amygdala, then expands broadly at birth, possessing several transitory regions during maturation. Syp1 expression precedes Wfs1 and it is remarkably upregulated during the period of Wfs1 expression initiation and maturation, suggesting relationship between neural activation and Wfs1 expression. Using in situ hybridization and quantitative real-time PCR we show that UPR-related genes (Grp78, Grp94, and Chop) display dynamic expression in the perinatal brain when Wfs1 is initiated and their expression pattern is not altered in the brain lacking functional Wfs1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Triin Tekko
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, 46 Vanemuise Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Hendrik Luuk
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Silva Sütt
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Laura Truu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Tartu, 46 Vanemuise Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Competence Centre for Cancer Research, Akadeemia tee 15, Tallinn 12618, Estonia
| | - Tiit Örd
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Möls
- Institute of Mathematical Statistics, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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Pyeon HJ, Lee YI. Differential expression levels of synaptophysin through developmental stages in hippocampal region of mouse brain. Anat Cell Biol 2012; 45:97-102. [PMID: 22822464 PMCID: PMC3398181 DOI: 10.5115/acb.2012.45.2.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of neural synapses according to the development and growth of neurite were usually studied with various markers. Of these markers, synaptophysin is a kind of synaptic protein located in the synaptic vesicle of neuron or neuroendocrine cell known to be distributed consistently in all neural synapses. The purpose of this study was to investigate differential expression levels and patterns of synaptic marker (synaptophysin) in the mouse hippocampal region according to the developmental stages of embryonic, neonatal, and adulthood respectively. In the embryonic and neonatal groups, synaptophysin immunofluorescence was almost defined to cornu ammonis subfields (CA1 and CA3) of hippocampus and subiculum proper in the hippocampal region. However in dentate gyrus, synaptophysin immunoreactivities were insignificant or absent in all developmental stages. In embryonic and neonatal hippocampus, the intensities of immunofluorescence were significantly different between molecular and oriens layers. Furthermore, those intensities were decreased considerably in both layers of neonatal group compared to embryonic. The results from this study will contribute to characterizing synaptogenic activities in the central nervous system through developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jang Pyeon
- Department of NanoBio Medical Science, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Young-Il Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
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