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Radoszkiewicz K, Bzinkowska A, Chodkowska M, Rybkowska P, Sypecka M, Zembrzuska-Kaska I, Sarnowska A. Deciphering the impact of cerebrospinal fluid on stem cell fate as a new mechanism to enhance clinical therapy development. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1332751. [PMID: 38282622 PMCID: PMC10811009 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1332751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) hold a very significant promise as candidates for cell therapy due to their robust neuroprotective and regenerative properties. Preclinical studies using NSCs have shown enough encouraging results to perform deeper investigations into more potential clinical applications. Nevertheless, our knowledge regarding neurogenesis and its underlying mechanisms remains incomplete. To understand them better, it seems necessary to characterize all components of neural stem cell niche and discover their role in physiology and pathology. Using NSCs in vivo brings challenges including limited cell survival and still inadequate integration within host tissue. Identifying overlooked factors that might influence these outcomes becomes pivotal. In this review, we take a deeper examination of the influence of a fundamental element that is present in the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which still remains relatively unexplored. Its role in neurogenesis could be instrumental to help find novel therapeutic solutions for neurological disorders, eventually advancing our knowledge on central nervous system (CNS) regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Anna Sarnowska
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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2
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Sramkó B, Földes A, Kádár K, Varga G, Zsembery Á, Pircs K. The Wisdom in Teeth: Neuronal Differentiation of Dental Pulp Cells. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:32-44. [PMID: 36719998 PMCID: PMC9963504 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2022.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are found in almost all postnatal organs. Under appropriate environmental cues, multipotency enables MSCs to serve as progenitors for several lineage-specific, differentiated cell types. In vitro expansion and differentiation of MSCs give the opportunity to obtain hardly available somatic cells, such as neurons. The neurogenic potential of MSCs makes them a promising, autologous source to restore damaged tissue and as such, they have received much attention in the field of regenerative medicine. Several stem cell pool candidates have been studied thus far, but only a few of them showed neurogenic differentiation potential. Due to their embryonic ontology, stem cells residing in the stroma of the dental pulp chamber are an exciting source for in vitro neural cell differentiation. In this study, we review the key properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), with a particular focus on their neurogenic potential. Moreover, we summarize the various presently available methods used for neural differentiation of human DPSCs also emphasizing the difficulties in reproducibly high production of such cells. We postulate that because DPSCs are stem cells with very close ontology to neurogenic lineages, they may serve as excellent targets for neuronal differentiation in vitro and even for direct reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendegúz Sramkó
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Földes
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristóf Kádár
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ákos Zsembery
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karolina Pircs
- HCEMM-SU Neurobiology and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Laboratory of Molecular Neurogenetics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center and Lund Stem Cell Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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3
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Cell Transdifferentiation and Reprogramming in Disease Modeling: Insights into the Neuronal and Cardiac Disease Models and Current Translational Strategies. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102558. [PMID: 34685537 PMCID: PMC8533873 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell transdifferentiation and reprogramming approaches in recent times have enabled the manipulation of cell fate by enrolling exogenous/artificial controls. The chemical/small molecule and regulatory components of transcription machinery serve as potential tools to execute cell transdifferentiation and have thereby uncovered new avenues for disease modeling and drug discovery. At the advanced stage, one can believe these methods can pave the way to develop efficient and sensitive gene therapy and regenerative medicine approaches. As we are beginning to learn about the utility of cell transdifferentiation and reprogramming, speculations about its applications in translational therapeutics are being largely anticipated. Although clinicians and researchers are endeavoring to scale these processes, we lack a comprehensive understanding of their mechanism(s), and the promises these offer for targeted and personalized therapeutics are scarce. In the present report, we endeavored to provide a detailed review of the original concept, methods and modalities enrolled in the field of cellular transdifferentiation and reprogramming. A special focus is given to the neuronal and cardiac systems/diseases towards scaling their utility in disease modeling and drug discovery.
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Kosonen R, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee JE. Role of agmatine in the application of neural progenitor cell in central nervous system diseases: therapeutic potentials and effects. Anat Cell Biol 2021; 54:143-151. [PMID: 34162764 PMCID: PMC8225474 DOI: 10.5115/acb.21.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Agmatine, the primary decarboxylation product of L-arginine, generated from arginine decarboxylase. Since the discovery of agmatine in the mammalian brain in the 1990s, an increasing number of agmatine-mediated effects have been discovered, demonstrating the benefits of agmatine on ischemic strokes, traumatic brain injury and numerous psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Agmatine also has cellular protective effects and contributes to cell proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). Neural progenitor cells are an important component in the recovery and repair of many neurological disorders due to their ability to differentiate into functional adult neurons. Recent data has revealed that agmatine can regulate and increase proliferation and the fate of progenitor cells in the adult hippocampus. This review aims to summarise and discuss the role of agmatine in the CNS; specifically, the effects and relationship between agmatine and neural progenitor cells and how these ideas can be applied to potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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5
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Goudarzi G, Hamidabadi HG, Bojnordi MN, Hedayatpour A, Niapour A, Zahiri M, Absalan F, Darabi S. Role of cerebrospinal fluid in differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells into neuron-like cells. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:292-300. [PMID: 32993279 PMCID: PMC7527124 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) could be differentiated into neuron like-cells under particular microenvironments. It has been reported that a wide range of factors, presented in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), playing part in neuronal differentiation during embryonic stages, we herein introduce a novel culture media complex to differentiate hDPSCs into neuron-like cells. The hDPSCs were initially isolated and characterized. The CSF was prepared from the Cisterna magna of 19-day-old Wistar rat embryos, embryonic cerebrospinal fluid (E-CSF). The hDPSCs were treated by 5% E-CSF for 2 days, then neurospheres were cultured in DMEM/F12 supplemented with 10-6 μm retinoic acid (RA), glial-derived neurotrophic factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor for 6 days. The cells which were cultured in basic culture medium were considered as control group. Morphology of differentiated cells as well as process elongation were examined by an inverted microscope. In addition, the neural differentiation markers (Nestin and MAP2) were studied employing immunocytochemistry. Neuronal-like processes appeared 8 days after treatment. Neural progenitor marker (Nestin) and a mature neural marker (MAP2) were expressed in treated group. Moreover Nissl bodies were found in the cytoplasm of treated group. Taking these together, we have designed a simple protocol for generating neuron-like cells using CSF from the hDPSCs, applicable for cell therapy in several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Goudarzi
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Maryam Nazm Bojnordi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Azim Hedayatpour
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Niapour
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Maria Zahiri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | | | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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6
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Niyazi M, Zibaii MI, Chavoshinezhad S, Hamidabadi HG, Dargahi L, Bojnordi MN, Alizadeh R, Heravi M, Karimi H, Hosseini M, Sadeghi Malvajerdi E, Seyednazari M. Neurogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells by optogenetics stimulation. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 109:101821. [PMID: 32512152 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), a promising source for autologous transplantation in regenerative medicine, have been shown to be able to differentiate into neural precursors. Optogenetics is considered as an advanced biological technique in neuroscience which is able to control the activity of genetically modified stem cells by light. The purpose of this study is to investigate the neurogenic differentiation of hDPSCs following optogenetic stimulation. METHODS The hDPSCs were isolated by mechanical enzymatic digestion from an impacted third molar and cultured in DMEM/F12. The cells were infected with lentiviruses carrying CaMKIIa-hChR2 (H134R). Opsin-expressing hDPSCs were plated at the density of 5 × 104 cells/well in 6-well plates and optical stimulation was conducted with blue light (470 nm) pulsing at 15 Hz, 90 % Duty Cycle and 10 mW power for 10 s every 90 minutes, 6 times a day for 5 days. Two control groups including non-opsin-expressing hDPSCs and opsin-expressing hDPSCs with no optical stimulation were also included in the study. A day after last light stimulation, the viability of cells was analyzed by the MTT assay and the morphological changes were examined by phase contrast microscopy. The expression of Nestin, Microtubule-Associated protein 2 (MAP2) and Doublecortin (DCX) were examined by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Human DPSCs expressed the reporter gene, mCherry, 72 hours after lentiviral infection. The result of MTT assay revealed a significant more viability in optical stimulated opsin-expressing hDPSCs as compared with two control groups. Moreover, optical stimulation increased the expression of Nestin, Doublecortin and MAP2 along with morphological changes from spindle shape to neuron-like shape. CONCLUSION Optogenetics stimulation through depolarizing the hDPSCs can increase the cells viability and/or proliferation and also promote the differentiation toward neuron-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Niyazi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | | | - Sara Chavoshinezhad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Leila Dargahi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nazm Bojnordi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Rafieh Alizadeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The Five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Heravi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedieh Karimi
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute-Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosseini
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute-Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Bojnordi MN, Ebrahimi-Barough S, Vojoudi E, Hamidabadi HG. Silk nanofibrous electrospun scaffold enhances differentiation of embryonic stem like cells derived from testis in to mature neuron. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 106:2662-2669. [PMID: 29901281 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The scaffolds accompanied with stem cells have great potential for applications in neural tissue engineering. Fabrication of nanofibrous scaffold similar to extracellular matrix is one of the applicable methods in neural tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was the fabrication of a silk nanofibrous scaffold as a microenvironment for neural guiding differentiation of embryonic stem like cells (ES Like cells) derived from testis toward neuron-like cells. ES Like derived from culturing of testicular cells in vitro, were seeded on silk scaffolds and induced to neuronal phenotype using 4-/4± RA technique following culturing the cells in the neurobasal medium supplemented with 20 ng/mL bFGF,10 ng/mL EGF, B27, and N2 for 8-12 days. The neural differentiation was confirmed via the evaluation of specific neural markers; Nestin, NF68, MAP2 and β tubulin using immunocytochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our results showed that silk scaffold support the attachment and proliferation of ES Like cells. The expression of Nestin, NF68, Map2, and ß tubulin markers were higher in cells grown on silk scaffold in compare to monolayer group. This study suggests electrospun silk nanofibrous scaffold as an appropriate substrate for neural induction of stem cells that is applicable for repairmen of damaged neural tissues. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 2662-2669, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nazm Bojnordi
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran
| | - Somayeh Ebrahimi-Barough
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Vojoudi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran
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8
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Mahmoudinia S, Niapour A, Ghasemi Hamidabadi H, Mazani M. 2,4-D causes oxidative stress induction and apoptosis in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:26170-26183. [PMID: 31280441 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
2,4-Dicholorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) is a worldwide used hormone herbicide. Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) as a potential source of mesenchymal stem cells provide a confident model system for the assessments of chemicals in vitro. The main objective of this study was to examine the biological effects and damages attributed to 2,4-D on hDPSCs. hDPSCs were isolated from third molar pulp tissues and their mesenchymal identity were evaluated. Then, hDPSCs were treated with increasing concentrations of 2,4-D (0.1 μM-10 mM). Cell viability assay and cumulative cell counting were carried out to address 2,4-D effects on biological parameters of hDPSCs. Cell cycle distribution, ROS level and ALP activity were measured before and after treatment. AO/EB staining and caspase 3/7 activity were investigated to detect the possible mechanisms of cell death. Flow-cytometric immunophenotyping and differentiation data confirmed the mesenchymal identity of cultivated hDPSCs. 2,4-D treatment caused a hormetic response in the viability and growth rate of hDPSCs. G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, enhanced ROS level, and reduced ALP activity were detected in hDPSCs treated with EC50 dose of 2,4-D. AO/EB staining showed a higher percentage of alive cells in lower concentrations of the herbicide. The increment in 2,4-D dose and the number of early and late apoptotic cells were increased. DAPI staining and caspase 3/7 assay validated the induction of apoptosis. 2,4-D concentrations up to 100 μM did not affect hDPSCs viability and proliferation. The intense cellular oxidative stress and apoptosis were observed at higher concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Mahmoudinia
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Niapour
- Research Laboratory for Embryology and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Immunogenetic Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mazani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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Elgamal A, Althani A A, Abd-Elmaksoud A, Kassab M, Farag A, Lashen S, Gabr MM, Zakaria MM, Alissawi MM, Ismail HEDA, Abd El Galil A, Caceci T, Cenciarelli C C, Marei HE. Xeno-free trans-differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into glial and neuronal cells. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF STEM CELLS 2019; 8:38-51. [PMID: 31523485 PMCID: PMC6737383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated cells that have the ability of self-renewal and trans-differentiation into other cell types. They hold out hope for finding a cure for many diseases. Nevertheless, there are still some obstacles that limit their clinical transplantation. One of these obstacles are the xenogeneic substances added in either proliferation or differentiation media with subsequent immunogenic and infectious transmission problems. In this study, we aimed to replace fetal bovine serum (FBS), the main nutrient source for MSC proliferation with xeno-free blood derivatives. We tested the effect of human activated pure platelet-rich plasma (P-PRP) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) on the proliferation of human adipose derived-MSCs (AD-MSCs) at different concentrations. For the induction of MSC neural differentiation, we used human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at different concentrations in combination with P-PRP to effect xeno-free/species-specific neuronal/glial differentiation and we found that media with 10% CSF and 10% PRP promoted glial differentiation, while media with only 10% PRP induced a neuron-like phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Elgamal
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Althani A
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar UniversityDoha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abd-Elmaksoud
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Kassab
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr ElShiekh UniversityKarf ElShiek, Egypt
| | - Amany Farag
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | - Samah Lashen
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Thomas Caceci
- Biomedical Science Education, Virginia Tech Carilion School of MedicineRoanoke, Virginia
| | - Carlo Cenciarelli C
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Translational Pharmacology-CNRRome, Italy
| | - Hany E Marei
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura UniversityMansoura, Egypt
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10
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Alizadeh R, Bagher Z, Kamrava SK, Falah M, Ghasemi Hamidabadi H, Eskandarian Boroujeni M, Mohammadi F, Khodaverdi S, Zare-Sadeghi A, Olya A, Komeili A. Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to dopaminergic neurons: A comparison between Wharton's Jelly and olfactory mucosa as sources of MSCs. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 96:126-133. [PMID: 30639339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The generation of dopaminergic neurons from stem cells is a potential therapeutic approach to treat neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. The current study aims to investigate the potential of two different types of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human Wharton's jelly and nasal cavity for differentiation into dopaminergic neurons. The differentiation capacities of both cell types were evaluated using real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry and HPLC. Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) are noted for their capability to differentiate into mesodermal and non-mesodermal cells, including neurons. However, it was demonstrated that having the same neuroectodermal origin as the nervous system, the olfactory ectomesenchymal stem cells (OE-MSCs) expressed the neural marker MAP2 as well as dopaminergic markers such as tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), dopamine transporter (DAT) and PITX3 to a greater extent than the WJ-MSCs both at the level of mRNA and protein. Furthermore, quantitative flow cytometric evaluation of these markers at 12 days post-induction supported the above-mentioned results. Finally, the assessment of the functionality of differentiated cells and their ability to synthesize dopamine measured by HPLC revealed that the OE-MSC-derived dopaminergic cells released almost the same amount of dopamine as that secreted by WJ-MSC-derived cells. Thus it showed the difference in their functionality to be negligible. Overall, it may be concluded that higher proliferation and differentiation capacity of OE-MSCs, along with their easier harvestability and autologous transplantability compared with WJ-MSCs, makes them a better cell source for stem cell therapy of neurodegenerative disorders which are caused by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafieh Alizadeh
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagher
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Kamran Kamrava
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Falah
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center and Department, The five Senses Institute, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hatef Ghasemi Hamidabadi
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Immunogenetic Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahdi Eskandarian Boroujeni
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Khodaverdi
- Endometriosis Research Center, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Zare-Sadeghi
- Skull Base Research Center, Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arta Olya
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Komeili
- Applied Biophotonics Research Center, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Varmazyar R, Noori-Zadeh A, Rajaei F, Darabi S, Bakhtiyari S. 17 β-Estradiol Oxidative Stress Attenuation and Autophagy-Induced Dopaminergic Neuroprotection. CELL JOURNAL 2018; 21:1-6. [PMID: 30507082 PMCID: PMC6275422 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.5799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain stem is the main pathological
aspect of Parkinson’s disease (PD). 17 β-estradiol (E2) has neuroprotective effects on substantia nigra, however, the
underlined mechanism is not well-known. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effects of E2 in the ovariectomized
6-hydroxydopamine- (6-OHDA) rat model of PD.
Materials and Methods In this experimental study, all animals were ovariectomized to avoid any further bias in E2 levels
and then these ovariectomized rats were randomly assigned into three experimental groups (10 rats in each group):
ovariectomized control group (OCG), ovariectomized degeneration group receiving 25 μg of 6-OHDA into the left corpus
striatum (ODG), and ovariectomized E2 pretreatment group pretreated with 0.1 mgkg-1of 17 β-estradiol for three days prior
to the destruction of corpus striatum with 6-OHDA (OE2PTG). The apomorphine behavioral test and Nissl staining were
performed in all experimental groups. The expressions of Sequestosome-1 (P62), Unc- 51 like autophagy activating kinase
(Ulk1), and microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (Lc3) genes were evaluated using reverse transcription-
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results E2 administration reduced the damages to the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. The motor
behavior, the number of rotations, and histological tests in the treatment group showed the cell survival improvement in
comparison with the control groups indicating that E2 can inhibit the neurodegeneration. P62 and Lc3 were expressed
in all experimental groups while Ulk1 was not expressed in ODG group. Moreover, Ulk1 was expressed after the
treatment with E2 in OE2PTG group.
Conclusion E2 prevents neurodegeneration in dopaminergic neurons of the midbrain by over-expression of Ulk1 gene and
augmenting the induction of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Varmazyar
- Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ali Noori-Zadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran. Electronic Address:
| | - Salar Bakhtiyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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SMER28 Attenuates Dopaminergic Toxicity Mediated by 6-Hydroxydopamine in the Rats via Modulating Oxidative Burdens and Autophagy-Related Parameters. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2313-2323. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chen H, Wu H, Yin H, Wang J, Dong H, Chen Q, Li Y. Effect of photobiomodulation on neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:667-675. [PMID: 30232645 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) can enhance the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair and can therefore be used in regenerative medicine. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of photobiomodulation on the directional neural differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and provide a theoretical basis for neurogenesis. hUC-MSCs were divided into control, inducer, laser, and lasers combined with inducer groups. A 635-nm laser and an 808-nm laser delivering energy densities from 0 to 10 J/cm2 were used in the study. Normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and injured cerebrospinal fluid (iCSF) were used as inducers. The groups were continuously induced for 3 days. Cellular proliferation was evaluated using MTT. The marker proteins nestin (marker protein of the neural precursor cells), NeuN (marker protein of neuron), and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein, marker proteins of glial cells) were detected by immunofluorescence and western blot. We found that irradiation with 635-nm laser increased cell proliferation, and that with 808 nm laser by itself and combined with cerebrospinal fluid treatment generated significant neuron-like morphological changes in the cells at 72 h. Nestin showed high positive expression at 24 h in the 808 nm group. The expression of GFAP increased in the 808-nm combined inducer group at 24 h but decreased at 72 h. The expression of neuN protein increased only at 72 h in both the 808-nm combined inducer group and inducer group. We concluded that 808 nm laser irradiation could help CSF to induce neuronal differentiation of hUC-MSCs in early stage and tend to change to neuron rather than glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China.,Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Hongjun Wu
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Huijuan Yin
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Huajiang Dong
- Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, 300309, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yingxin Li
- Laboratory of Laser Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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14
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Darabi S, Noori-Zadeh A, Abbaszadeh HA, Rajaei F. Trehalose Activates Autophagy and Prevents Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Apoptosis in the Bone Marrow Stromal Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2018; 17:1141-1149. [PMID: 30127837 PMCID: PMC6094425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) play a significant role in cell therapy. These cells quickly die after transplantation to the affected area due to oxidative stress. The natural disaccharide, trehalose which can be known as autophagy inducer. The present study aimed to investigate the role of trehalose in preventing BMSCs from oxidative stress caused by H2O2. BMSCs were isolated from the adult rats. The cells were divided into three groups: (a) control; (b) 100 µM H2O2; (c) 100 µM H2O2 and trehalose 3%. The morality rate was analyzed by viability test. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot was used in order to evaluate p62 protein and LC3II/LC3I ratio, respectively. In order to evaluate apoptosis, cleaved caspase-3 protein was used. In viability test, the survival rate for BMSCs after 8 h were 82%, 72%, 49%, and 39% (for groups who received 50, 100, 200, and 400 µM H2O2, respectively) compared to the control group. Pre-treatment with the use of trehalose 3% increased cell survivals. The levels of p62 protein, were increased in the cells under H2O2 treatment, while the levels of p62 protein in the cytoplasm, as autophagy inclusions, reduced for the group with trehalose pre-treatment. In addition, trehalose caused to increase LC3II/LC3I ratio and decreased the expression of cleaved caspase-3. Trehalose decreased apoptosis and increased the autophagy and survival levels of the cells against H2O2. Due to the unique properties of trehalose and its low toxicity, it can be used as a pharmaceutical agent in cellular transplantation to reduce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran. ,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Ali Noori-Zadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Paramedicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farzad Rajaei
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran.
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