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Baek YJ, Song JE, Kim EJ, Choi H, Sohn Y, Jeon YD, Lee EH, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Choi JY, Yeom JS, Song YG, Kim JH. Trends, clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and outcomes of Campylobacter bacteraemia: a multicentre retrospective study. Infection 2024; 52:857-864. [PMID: 37910310 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of Campylobacter bacteraemia and identify the trends, risk factors for mortality, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns from clinical samples. METHODS This retrospective cohort study included patients confirmed to have Campylobacter bacteraemia from seven hospitals between January 2010 and June 2021. Data on demographics and underlying history, clinical manifestation, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns were collected and analyzed. Annual cases of Campylobacter enteritis were extracted from a public database. RESULTS A total of 108 patients were included, and five species were isolated. Campylobacter jejuni accounted for 54 (50.0%) cases and 17 (16%) patients had no symptoms other than fever. In-hospital mortality occurred in 14 (13.0%) patients. C. jejuni bacteraemia was associated with lower mortality compared to non-C. jejuni bacteraemia. Underlying cancer and septic shock were the significant factors associated with in-hospital mortality. Quinolone resistance was high (59%), whereas only 4% of isolates exhibited macrolide resistance. There has been a significant increase in the number of Campylobacter enteritis cases, which was strongly correlated with the number of Campylobacter bacteraemia cases (Pearson's coefficient: 0.953; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The notably increasing incidence of Campylobacter bacteraemia and antibiotic resistance patterns can challenge the treatment, necessitating collective efforts of national surveillance and networks by many departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yae Jee Baek
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Eun Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University Ilsan Paik Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Kim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ajou University College of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Heun Choi
- National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Duk Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hwa Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Ahn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Su Ku
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Sup Yeom
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Goo Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim SY, An D, Jeong H, Kim J. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Genetic Diversity of Campylobacter spp. Isolates from Patients with Diarrhea in South Korea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:94. [PMID: 38257921 PMCID: PMC10819060 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the latest antimicrobial resistance patterns and genetic diversity of Campylobacter spp. isolated from patients with acute diarrhea in Korea. In total, 371 clinical isolates (361 Campylobacter jejuni and 10 Campylobacter coli) were collected from patients with diarrhea in 106 medical institutions of six provinces during the seasonal peak (April-September 2022) in South Korea. We then assessed their antimicrobial susceptibility to eight antimicrobial agents and performed multilocus sequence typing (MLST). This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles to tetracycline (32.3%), nalidixic acid (64.9%), and ciprofloxacin (83.3%), confirming high levels of the latter even after its Korean ban in 2010. However, tetracycline resistance displayed a decreasing trend. Alternatively, significantly lower resistance rates to clindamycin (0.8%), azithromycin (0.53%), erythromycin (0.53%), and gentamicin (0.53%) as well as absolute susceptibility to florfenicol (0%) were observed. Four C. jejuni and three C. coli isolates (7/371, 1.88%) were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR) to at least three antimicrobial classes. MLST identified a high genetic diversity with 21 clonal complexes (CCs) and sixty-six sequence types (STs), including eight novel STs. The high CC frequency of C. jejuni comprised CC21 (37.7%), CC22 (13.8%), and CC206 (9.4%), while C. coli was predominated by CC828 (90%). The high CC21 and CC828 strain prevalence in this study was consistent with their worldwide distribution. This study highlights that quinolone- and tetracycline-resistant Campylobacter circulate in Korea with diverse genotypes, providing important information that could contribute to controlling and preventing increasing antimicrobial resistance in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Kim
- Division of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dongheui An
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Republic of Korea; (D.A.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyemi Jeong
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Republic of Korea; (D.A.); (H.J.)
| | - Jonghyun Kim
- Division of Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea;
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Nigusu Y, Abdissa A, Tesfaw G. Campylobacter Gastroenteritis Among Under-Five Children in Southwest Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:2969-2979. [PMID: 35706923 PMCID: PMC9191834 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s354843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Under-five children are at an increased risk for foodborne illnesses because of the ingenuousness of their immune system. Although Campylobacter species are one of the bacterial etiologies of gastroenteritis, Campylobacter gastroenteritis among under-five children is not well considered in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the prevalence, associated risk factors, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter species among under-five children with diarrhea. Methods The institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among under-five children with diarrhea at Jimma Medical Center, southwestern Ethiopia from January 5 to April 21, 2020. Stool samples were collected and inoculated into Campylobacter agar medium. Isolation and identification were done using standard bacteriological techniques. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was conducted on Mueller-Hinton agar supplemented with 10% sheep blood using disk diffusion techniques. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the associated risk factors. Results A total of 214 under-five children were enrolled. The prevalence of Campylobacter infection was 8.9%. Absence of caretakers' handwashing before preparation of food [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: (1.2-10.8)], direct contact with domestic animals [AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: (1.0-12.7)], and consumption of raw dairy products [AOR = 4.5, 95% CI: (1.4-13.9)] are the factors associated with Campylobacter infection. Some Campylobacter species were found to be resistant to most available antibiotics. Conclusion The magnitude of Campylobacter gastroenteritis indicates the need for routine isolation and identification of Campylobacter species from all under-five children clinically diagnosed with diarrhea. Species that are resistant to the drug of choice for Campylobacteriosis are also emerging. Health education on the importance of pasteurization of milk and caretakers' handwashing can mitigate the transmission. Mechanism of handling of domestic animals should be considered to reduce transmission of zoonotic diseases like Campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yared Nigusu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia,Correspondence: Yared Nigusu, Tel +251 921 20 46 63, Email ;
| | - Alemseged Abdissa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia,School of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Tesfaw
- School of Medical Laboratory Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ryoo E. Causes of acute gastroenteritis in Korean children between 2004 and 2019. Clin Exp Pediatr 2021; 64:260-268. [PMID: 32972055 PMCID: PMC8181024 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2020.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 2000s, the major causes of acute gastroenteritis in children in Korea have been identified by classifying the pathogens into viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. For viruses, the detection rate is 20%-30%, and norovirus is being increasingly detected to account for the majority of viral gastroenteritis cases. In addition, despite the dissemination of the rotavirus vaccine, many rotavirus infections persist, and its seasonal distribution is changing. The detection rate of bacterial pathogens is 3%- 20%, with Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. infections being the most common, while the incidences of Bacillus cereus and Campylobacter spp. infections are gradually increasing. Owing to intermittent outbreaks of gastroenteritis caused by individual bacteria as well as the inflow of causative bacteria, such as E. coli, Vibrio spp., and Campylobacter spp., from overseas, continuous surveillance of and research into the characteristics and serotypes of each bacterium are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eell Ryoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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