Lee S, Lee SM, Lee J, Kim EJ. Feeding strategies with total mixed ration and concentrate may improve feed intake and carcass quality of Hanwoo steers.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021;
63:1086-1097. [PMID:
34796349 PMCID:
PMC8564298 DOI:
10.5187/jast.2021.e88]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the impact of using total mixed ration (TMR) and concentrate
on feed intake, daily gain, carcass yield grade, and carcass quality grade of
Hanwoo steers and its subsequent economic efficiency. Thirty six 7-month-old
Hanwoo steers were assigned to one of the four treatment groups, and each group
was divided into three repeated pens, with each repeated pen comprising three
steers. The treatment groups were: 1) separate feeding with commercial
concentrate and forage (namely, SCF) for the entire experimental period; 2) TMR
feeding for a growing period followed by SCF for the early and late fattening
period (namely, TMRGSCF); 3) TMR feeding for growing and an early fattening
period followed by SCF for the late fattening period (namely, TMREFSCF); and 4)
TMR feeding for the entire experimental period (namely, TMRW). The results
showed that the SCF treatment had significantly (p <
0.05) higher feed intake during the growing period than other treatments. In
contrast, the total feed intake had little difference during early and late
fattening as well as the whole period regardless of feeding strategies. Daily
gain showed no difference during the growing period. However, it was
significantly higher in SCF and TMREFSCF treatments for the early and late
fattening period, respectively (p < 0.05). The daily
gain during the total raising period is in the order of TMREFSCF >
TMRGSCF > SCF > TMRW. Carcass characteristics, including carcass
weight, loin eye muscle area, and carcass yield grade, did not significantly
differ among different treatments. However, TMRW treatment, wherein TMR was fed
for a long time, showed that the cold carcass weight was less compared with
other treatments, but carcass yield grade was higher with thinner backfat.
Backfat thickness was in the order of SCF > TMRGSCF > TMREFSCF
> TMRW, showing that the thickness reduced with longer TMR feeding
(p < 0.05). TMRGSCF, which numerically had a higher
carcass quality grade, showed higher economic efficiency, whereas SCF showed low
economic efficiency. In conclusion, it was more feasible to apply TMR strategy
in the growing and early fattening period and then SCF for the early or late
fattening period to improve carcass yield, quality grade, and economic
efficiency.
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