1
|
Individual Variability in von Willebrand Factor Fragility in Response to Shear Stress: A Possible Clue for Predicting Bleeding Risk. ASAIO J 2021; 68:1128-1134. [PMID: 34967782 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS), characterized by reduced von Willebrand factor (VWF) large multimers, has recently been implicated as the principal mechanism underlying bleeding in patients implanted with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs). Hematological severity of AVWS varies among patients, even if an identical device is implanted. We investigated whether this diversity in hematological severity is due to individual variability in VWF fragility, according to responses to incremental shear stress. Whole-blood samples were sheared at 20,000-40,000 s-1 shear rate, an index of shear stress, using a custom-made shear stressor that could generate shear stress compatible with that produced by an LVAD. The degree of VWF large multimers degradation was evaluated using the VWF large multimer index. A significant inverse correlation was observed between the VWF large multimer index and LVAD-compatible magnitudes of shear stress: the VWF large multimer indices were 68.5 ± 18.3, 48.0 ± 13.9, 33.9 ± 12.1, 23.7 ± 7.9, and 18.7% ± 8.7% at 20,000, 25,000, 30,000, 35,000, and 40,000 s-1 of shear rates, respectively (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, experimental VWF large multimer index values were compatible with those derived from patients with implanted LVADs (median; 28.9%). Finally, reduction in the VWF large multimer index corresponding to shear stress showed individual variation. We demonstrated that the combined use of a novel high shear stress loading device and quantitative evaluation of VWF large multimers may predict risk of bleeding before LVAD implantation.
Collapse
|
2
|
Hemodynamic Analysis of a Three-Point Suture During Tapering Technique for Microanastomosis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:2749-2752. [PMID: 34238882 PMCID: PMC8549452 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000007859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The tapering technique is one of the useful methods of anastomosing 2 vessels with large discrepancies during microanastomoses. When the tapering technique is used, a three-point suture is always present. The authors analyzed the most appropriate suture technique for this using computational fluid dynamics. This aspect has not previously been addressed. Three different suture techniques were simulated:
Three single-knot sutures (Type I); Two single-knot sutures forming an X-shape (Type II); and A single continuous ligature through the vascular wall (Type III).
Vascular models of these 3 types were created. The streamline, wall shear stress, and oscillatory shear index at the anastomosis site were measured using a previously prepared venous model. Streamline disruption was most severe for Type II. In all 3 types, the highest wall shear stress was recorded at the suture peak protruding into the vessel. The maximum oscillatory shear index was highest in Type II, and lowest in Type III. The present results suggest that Type III is the best three-point suturing method for the tapering technique.
Collapse
|
3
|
Yagi S, Sasaki T, Fukuhara T, Fujii K, Morita M, Suyama Y, Fukuoka K, Nishino T, Hisatome I. Hemodynamic Analysis of a Microanastomosis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Yonago Acta Med 2020; 63:308-312. [PMID: 33253341 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Technical issues in free flap transfer, such as the selection of recipient vessels and the positioning and method of anastomosis of the vascular pedicle, have been the subject of vigorous debate. Recent developments in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have enabled the analysis of blood flow within microvessels. In this study, CFD was used to analyze hemodynamics in a microanastomosis. Methods In the fluid calculation process, the fluid domain modelizes microvessels with anastomosis. The inlet flow conditions were measured as venous waveform, and the fluid is simulated as blood. Streamlines (SL), wall shear stress (WSS), and oscillatory shear index (OSI) at the anastomosis were visualized and analyzed for observing effects from the flow field. Results Some flow disruption was evident as the SL passed over the sutures. The maximum recorded WSS was 13.37 Pa where the peak of a suture was exposed in the lumen. The local maximum value of the OSI was 0.182, recorded at the base of the anastomosis on the outflow side. Conclusion In the ideal anastomosis, the SL is disrupted as little as possible by the sutures. The WSS indicated that thrombus formation is unlikely to occur at suture peaks, but more likely to occur at the base of sutures, where the OSI is high. Tight suture knots are important in microanastomosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunjiro Yagi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | | | - Takahiro Fukuhara
- Division of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Motor Organs, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kaori Fujii
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Maki Morita
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Suyama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Kohei Fukuoka
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tottori University Hospital, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | | | - Ichiro Hisatome
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen X, Wang M, Zhao G. Point-of-Care Assessment of Hemostasis with a Love-Mode Surface Acoustic Wave Sensor. ACS Sens 2020; 5:282-291. [PMID: 31903758 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of the hemostasis status is essential for therapeutic anticoagulants, undergoing surgery, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Although the clinical values of conventional blood coagulation tests have been well demonstrated, these devices have limitations such as large and expensive equipment, excessive sample volumes, long turnaround times, and difficulty in miniaturization for point-of-care use. Here, we present a novel strategy to evaluate blood hemostasis using the single-port Love-mode surface acoustic wave (SLSAW) sensor. The SLSAW sensor was designed as a plug-and-play-type unit for disposable use and operated under the harmonic resonant mode to produce frequency response to the blood coagulation cascade. Compared with a quartz crystal microbalance, Lamb wave, and film bulk acoustic resonator, the frequency shift of SLSAW was significantly increased, ranging from approximately 8960 to 10 368 kHz, which indicated enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio. To demonstrate the feasibility of the SLSAW, studies were carried out to examine the effects of temperature and clotting reagents on coagulation times and kinetics. Activated partial thromboplastin times of plasma were validated by comparing with SYSMEX CA-7000 with the correlation (R2) as 0.996. In terms of coagulation kinetics, reaction time, clot formation time, maximum frequency shift, and clot formation rate of whole blood correlated well with corresponding parameters of the standard thromboelastography (TEG) analyzer (R2 = 0.9942, 0.9868, 0.9712, and 0.9939, respectively). The SLSAW sensor, with the advantages of low cost, small size, little sample consumption (1 μL), disposable use, and simple operation, is a promising tool for point-of-care diagnosis of hemostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Murashige T, Hijikata W. Mechanical antithrombogenic properties by vibrational excitation of the impeller in a magnetically levitated centrifugal blood pump. Artif Organs 2019; 43:849-859. [DOI: 10.1111/aor.13541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Murashige
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Japan
| | - Wataru Hijikata
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Pfeiffer D, Wankhammer K, Stefanitsch C, Hingerl K, Huppertz B, Dohr G, Desoye G, Lang I. Amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve viability of endothelial cells exposed to shear stress in ePTFE grafts. Int J Artif Organs 2018; 42:80-87. [PMID: 30585116 DOI: 10.1177/0391398818815470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE: Blood vessel reconstruction is an increasing need of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. For the development of microvascular prostheses, efficient endothelialization is mandatory to prevent graft occlusion. Here, we assessed the impact of amnion-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hAMSC), known for their important angiogenic potential, on the integrity and stability of endothelial cells exposed to shear stress in vascular grafts. METHODS: Human placental endothelial cells (hPEC) were cultured at the inner surface of an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) graft positioned within a bioreactor and exposed to a minimal shear stress of 0.015 dyne/cm2 or a physiological shear stress of 0.92 dyne/cm2. hAMSC attached to the outer graft surface were able to interact with human placental endothelial cells by paracrine factors. RESULTS: Microscopical analysis and evaluation of glucose/lactate metabolism evidenced successful cell seeding of the graft: hPEC formed a stable monolayer, hAMSC showed a continuous growth during 72 h incubation. hAMSC improved the viability of hPEC exposed to 0.015 dyne/cm2 as shown by a decreased lactate dehydrogenase release of 13% after 72 h compared to hPEC single culture. The viability-enhancing effect of hAMSC on hPEC was further improved by 13% under physiological shear stress. Angiogenesis array analysis revealed that hPEC exposed to physiological shear stress and hAMSC co-culture reduced the secretion of angiogenin, GRO, MCP-1, and TIMP-2. CONCLUSION: hAMSC exerted best survival-enhancing effects on hPEC under exposure to physiological shear stress and modulated endothelial function by paracrine factors. Our data support further studies on the development of grafts functionalized with hAMSC-derived secretomes to enable fast clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Pfeiffer
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Wankhammer
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Stefanitsch
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kerstin Hingerl
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gottfried Dohr
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gernot Desoye
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ingrid Lang
- 1 Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Kawakami K, Sakota D, Kosaka R, Nishida M, Kawaguchi Y, Maruyama O. Reaction mechanism of blood coagulation factors in shear flow field. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2016:4309-4312. [PMID: 28269233 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2016.7591680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thrombus formation in blood pumps is a major problem. It has been reported that the shear rate is closely related to thrombus formation in blood pumps; however, the mechanism of blood coagulation in a shear flow field is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of shear loading on the reaction of blood coagulation factors quantitatively. Human blood and porcine blood were used as test blood and sheared at 2,880 s-1 for 3 h using a rheometer. After shear loading to the test blood, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT) of sample plasma were measured using an automated coagulation analyzer. The APTT and PT of mixed plasma containing human blood coagulation factor-deficient plasma and sample plasma were also measured. The APTT and PT of mixed plasma reflected the reaction of the particular blood coagulation factor. Results show that shear loading prolonged the APTT and PT of human sample plasma. Accordingly, the APTT and PT of mixed plasma containing human blood coagulation factor V-deficient plasma and human sample plasma were prolonged after shear loading. Thus, the reaction of human blood coagulation factors was inhibited by specific inhibition of the reaction of human blood coagulation factor V in the shear flow field. The reaction time of porcine blood coagulation factors after shear loading differed from that of human blood coagulation factors. The result suggest the evaluation difficulty of animal blood coagulation reaction, that is, porcine blood coagulation reaction did not fully proceed with clinical reagents due to species specificity.
Collapse
|