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Rashed N, Liu W, Zhou X, Bode AM, Luo X. The role of circadian gene CLOCK in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119782. [PMID: 38871225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) is one of the circadian clock genes and is considered to be a fundamental regulatory gene in the circadian rhythm, responsible for mediating several biological processes. Therefore, abnormal expression of CLOCK affects its role in the circadian clock and its more general function as a direct regulator of gene expression. This dysfunction can lead to severe pathological effects, including cancer. To better understand the role of CLOCK in cancer, we compiled this review to describe the biological function of CLOCK, and especially highlighted its function in cancer development, progression, tumor microenvironment, cancer cell metabolism, and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasot Rashed
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Xinran Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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2
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Barati S, Saffar H, Mehrabadi S, Avan A. The Circadian Clock as a Potential Biomarker and Therapeutic Target in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:1804-1811. [PMID: 38798218 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128302762240515054444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The circadian clock consists of a hierarchical multi-oscillator network of intracellular and intercellular mechanisms throughout the body that contributes to anticipating metabolic activity and maintaining system homeostasis in response to environmental cues and intrinsic stimuli. Over the past few years, genetic variations of core clock genes have been associated with cancer risk in several epidemiological studies. A growing number of epidemiological research studies have demonstrated a direct correlation between the disturbance of circadian rhythms and the growth of tumors, indicating that shift workers are more susceptible to malignancies of the colon, prostate, ovarian, breast, lung, and liver. One of the most related cancers with circadian rhythm is Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality nowadays. The aim of this review was to demonstrate the effect of the clock gene network on the growth of GI cancer, providing molecular targets for GI cancer treatment, possible prognostic biomarkers, and guidance for treatment choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Barati
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Homina Saffar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shima Mehrabadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
- Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, 4000, Australia
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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3
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Miro C, Docimo A, Barrea L, Verde L, Cernea S, Sojat AS, Marina LV, Docimo G, Colao A, Dentice M, Muscogiuri G. "Time" for obesity-related cancer: The role of the circadian rhythm in cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 91:99-109. [PMID: 36893964 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is regulated by an intrinsic time-tracking system, composed both of a central and a peripheral clock, which influences the cycles of activities and sleep of an individual over 24 h. At the molecular level, the circadian rhythm begins when two basic helix-loop-helix/Per-ARNT-SIM (bHLH-PAS) proteins, BMAL-1 and CLOCK, interact with each other to produce BMAL-1/CLOCK heterodimers in the cytoplasm. The BMAL-1/CLOCK target genes encode for the repressor components of the clock, cryptochrome (Cry1 and Cry2) and the Period proteins (Per1, Per2 and Per3). It has been recently demonstrated that the disruption of circadian rhythm is associated with an increased risk of developing obesity and obesity-related diseases. In addition, it has been demonstrated that the disruption of the circadian rhythm plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Further, an association between the circadian rhythm disruptions and an increased incidence and progression of several types of cancer (e.g., breast, prostate, colorectal and thyroid cancer) has been found. As the perturbation of circadian rhythm has adverse metabolic consequences (e.g., obesity) and at the same time tumor promoter functions, this manuscript has the aim to report how the aberrant circadian rhythms affect the development and prognosis of different types of obesity-related cancers (breast, prostate, colon rectal and thyroid cancer) focusing on both human studies and on molecular aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Miro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Docimo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Department of Public Health, University of Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Cernea
- George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures/Internal Medicine I, Târgu Mureş, Romania; Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Târgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Antoan Stefan Sojat
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana V Marina
- National Centre for Infertility and Endocrinology of Gender, Clinic for Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Serbia
| | - Giovanni Docimo
- Department of Medical and Advanced Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Dentice
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia ed Andrologia, Università Federico II, Naples, Italy; UNESCO Chair "Education for Health and Sustainable Development", University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
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4
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Shan L, Zheng W, Bai B, Hu J, Lv Y, Chen K, Wang X, Pan Y, Huang X, Zhu H, Dai S. BMAL1 promotes colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion through ERK- and JNK-dependent c-Myc expression. Cancer Med 2023; 12:4472-4485. [PMID: 36806631 PMCID: PMC9972036 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer metastasis is still a life threat to patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (BMAL1) is an important biological proteins that can regulate the behavior of cancer cells and their response to chemotherapy. However, the role of BMAL1 in the tumorigenic phenotype of CRC remains unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the functional role and mechanisms of BMAL1 in CRC. METHODS The mRNA expression of BMAL1 was studied using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. The protein level in clinical tissues was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The effects of BMAL1 on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and proliferation of CRC cell lines (including BMAL1 overexpressed or silencing cells) were studied by Transwell, wound healing, CCK-8 and colony formation experiments. A series of experiments were conducted to demonstrate the mechanisms of BMAL1 regulating EMT and cancer proliferation in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that BMAL1 expression was closely related to the poor prognosis of CRC. BMAL1 overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, we found that BMAL1 may activate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and induce the β-catenin release further promotes the expression of oncogene c-Myc and the migration of colorectal cells by activating MAPK pathway. However, BMAL1 silencing achieved the opposite effect. In addition, blocking MAPK-signaling pathway with specific inhibitors of ERK1/2 and JNK can also downregulate the expressions of c-Myc in vitro. Taken together, these results suggested that the BMAL1/ c-Myc-signaling pathway may regulate the metastasis of CRC through the JNK/ERK1/2 MAPK-dependent pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that BMAL1 promotes CRC metastasis through MAPK-c-Myc pathway. These results deepen our understanding of the relationship between BMAL1 and tumorigenic phenotypes, which may become a promising therapeutic target for BMAL1 overexpressing CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Shan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bingjun Bai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinghui Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiming Lv
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangke Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangtao Pan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, China
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5
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Cui S, Chen Y, Guo Y, Chen D. Clock genes and gastric cancer. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.2020993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Cui
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Yunfei Guo
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
| | - Dahu Chen
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, China
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6
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Li X, Guan J, Jiang Z, Cheng S, Hou W, Yao J, Wang Z. Microglial Exosome miR-7239-3p Promotes Glioma Progression by Regulating Circadian Genes. Neurosci Bull 2021; 37:497-510. [PMID: 33528793 PMCID: PMC8055789 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma-associated microglial cells, a key component of the tumor microenvironment, play an important role in glioma progression. In this study, the mouse glioma cell line GL261 and the mouse microglia cell line BV2 were chosen. First, circadian gene expression in glioma cells co-cultured with either M1 or M2 microglia was assessed and the exosomes of M2-polarized and unpolarized BV-2 microglia were extracted. Subsequently, we labeled the exosomes with PKH67 and treated GL261 cells with them to investigate the exosome distribution. GL261 cell phenotypes and related protein expression were used to explore the role of M2 microglial exosomes in gliomas. Then a specific miR-7239-3p inhibitor was added to verify miR-7239-3p functions. Finally, the mouse subcutaneous tumorigenic model was used to verify the tumorigenic effect of M2 microglial exosomes in vivo. Our results showed that in gliomas co-cultured with M2 microglia, the expression of the BMAL1 protein was decreased (P < 0.01), while the expression of the CLOCK protein was increased (P < 0.05); opposite results were obtained in gliomas co-cultured with M1 microglia. After treatment with M2 microglial exosomes, the apoptosis of GL261 cells decreased (P < 0.001), while the viability, proliferation, and migration of GL261 cells increased. Increased expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin, and decreased E-cadherin expression occurred upon treatment with M2 microglial exosomes. Addition of an miR-7239-3p inhibitor to M2 microglial exosomes reversed these results. In summary, we found that miR-7239-3p in the glioma microenvironment is recruited to glioma cells by exosomes and inhibits Bmal1 expression. M2 microglial exosomes promote the proliferation and migration of gliomas by regulating tumor-related protein expression and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepei Li
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Medical Simulation Center, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junwen Guan
- Neurosurgery Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shuting Cheng
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wang Hou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Junjie Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 410000, China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, College of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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7
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Angelousi A, Nasiri-Ansari N, Karapanagioti A, Kyriakopoulos G, Aggeli C, Zografos G, Choreftaki T, Parianos C, Kounadi T, Alexandraki K, Randeva HS, Kaltsas G, Papavassiliou AG, Kassi E. Expression of clock-related genes in benign and malignant adrenal tumors. Endocrine 2020; 68:650-659. [PMID: 32147772 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-020-02246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the effect of the central clock system on adrenal function has been extensively studied, the role of the peripheral clock system in adrenal tumorigenesis remains largely unexplored. In this study we investigated the expression of clock-related genes in normal adrenocortical tissue and adrenocortical tumors. Twenty-seven fresh frozen human adrenal tissues including 13 cortisol secreting adenomas (CSA), seven aldosterone producing adenomas (APA), and seven adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) were collected. CLOCK, BMAL1, PER1, CRY1, Rev-ERB, and RORα mRNA and protein expression were determined by qPCR and immunoblotting in pathological tissues and compared with the adjacent normal adrenal tissues. A significant downregulation of PER1, CRY1, and Rev-ERB compared with their normal tissue was demonstrated in CSA. All clock-related genes were overexpressed in APA compared with their normal tissue, albeit not significantly. A significant upregulation of CRY1 and PER1 and downregulation of BMAL1, RORα, and Rev-ERB compared with normal adrenal tissue was observed in ACC. BMAL1 and PER1 were significantly downregulated in APA compared with CSA. CLOCK, CRY1, and PER1 were upregulated, whereas BMAL1, RORα, and Rev-ERB were downregulated in ACC compared with CSA. Our study demonstrated the expression of CLOCK, BMAL1, PER1, CRY1, Rev-ERB, and RORα in normal and pathological human adrenal tissues. Adrenal tumors exhibited altered expression of these genes compared with normal tissue, with specific differences between benign and malignant lesions and between benign tumors arising from glomerulosa vs fasciculata zone. Further studies should clarify whether these alterations could be implicated in adrenocortical tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Angelousi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Narjes Nasiri-Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Karapanagioti
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Aggeli
- 3rd Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos Zografos
- 3rd Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Theodosia Choreftaki
- Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Parianos
- 3rd Department of Surgery, General Hospital of Athens "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Theodora Kounadi
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Center, Athens General Hospital "G. Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Krystallenia Alexandraki
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- 1st Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Laiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.
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8
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Zhang Y, Devocelle A, Souza L, Foudi A, Tenreira Bento S, Desterke C, Sherrard R, Ballesta A, Adam R, Giron-Michel J, Chang Y. BMAL1 knockdown triggers different colon carcinoma cell fates by altering the delicate equilibrium between AKT/mTOR and P53/P21 pathways. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8067-8083. [PMID: 32388500 PMCID: PMC7244025 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the circadian timing system (CTS) frequently appears during colorectal cancer (CRC) progression. In order to better understand the role of the circadian clock in CRC progression, this study evaluated in vitro how knockdown of a core circadian protein BMAL1 (BMAL1-KD) influenced the behavior of two primary human CRC cell lines (HCT116 and SW480) and a metastatic CRC cell line (SW620).Unexpectedly, BMAL1-KD induced CRC cell-type specific responses rather than the same phenomenon throughout. First, BMAL1-KD increased AKT/mTOR activation in each CRC cell line, but to different extents. Second, BMAL1-KD-induced P53 activation varied with cell context. In a wild type P53 background, HCT116 BMAL1-KD cells quickly underwent apoptosis after shBMAL1 lentivirus transduction, while surviving cells showed less P53 but increased AKT/mTOR activation, which ultimately caused higher proliferation. In the presence of a partially functional mutant P53, SW480 BMAL1-KD cells showed moderate P53 and mTOR activation simultaneously with cell senescence. With a moderate increased AKT but unchanged mutant P53 activation, SW620 BMAL1-KD cells grew faster.Thus, under different CRC cellular pathological contexts, BMAL1 knockdown induced relatively equal effects on AKT/mTOR activation but different effects on P53 activation, which finally triggered different CRC cell fates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Aurore Devocelle
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- INSERM, UMR1197 Interactions between Stem Cells and Their Niches in Physiology, Tumors and Tissue Repair, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucas Souza
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Adlen Foudi
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Sabrina Tenreira Bento
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Christophe Desterke
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Rachel Sherrard
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, UMR8256 Biological Adaptation and Aging (B2A), Paris, France
| | - Annabelle Ballesta
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Rene Adam
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- Hôpital Paul Brousse AP-HP, Villejuif, France
| | - Julien Giron-Michel
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
- INSERM, UMR1197 Interactions between Stem Cells and Their Niches in Physiology, Tumors and Tissue Repair, Villejuif, France
| | - Yunhua Chang
- INSERM, UMR935, Malignant and Therapeutic Stem Cells Models, Villejuif, France
- Paris-Saclay University, Saint-Aubin, France
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9
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Peng B, Qi F, Li X, Yu H, Li X, Jiang Z, Cheng S, Liu Y, Wang Y, Guo H, Xiao J, Wang Z. Knock-down the clock gene can lead to colon carcinoma CT26 cell proliferation arrest through p53-dependent pathway and c-myc gene. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1501970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Fang Qi
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Hang Yu
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Xuepei Li
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Zhou Jiang
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Shuting Cheng
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yanyou Liu
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Guo
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Health Ministry Key Laboratory of Chronobiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
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10
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Angelousi A, Kassi E, Ansari-Nasiri N, Randeva H, Kaltsas G, Chrousos G. Clock genes and cancer development in particular in endocrine tissues. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:R305-R317. [PMID: 30959483 DOI: 10.1530/erc-19-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms at a central and peripheral level are operated by transcriptional/translational feedback loops involving a set of genes called 'clock genes' that have been implicated in the development of several diseases, including malignancies. Dysregulation of the Clock system can influence cancer susceptibility by regulating DNA damage and repair mechanisms, as well as apoptosis. A number of oncogenic pathways can be dysregulated via clock genes' epigenetic alterations, including hypermethylation of clock genes' promoters or variants of clock genes. Clock gene disruption has been studied in breast, lung and prostate cancer, and haematological malignancies. However, it is still not entirely clear whether clock gene disruption is the cause or the consequence of tumourigenesis and data in endocrine neoplasms are scarce. Recent findings suggest that clock genes are implicated in benign and malignant adrenocortical neoplasias. They have been also associated with follicular and papillary thyroid carcinomas and parathyroid adenomas, as well as pituitary adenomas and craniopharyngiomas. Dysregulation of clock genes is also encountered in ovarian and testicular tumours and may also be related with their susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents. The most common clock genes that are implicated in endocrine neoplasms are PER1, CRY1; in most cases their expression is downregulated in tumoural compared to normal tissues. Although there is still a lot to be done for the better understanding of the role of clock genes in endocrine tumourigenenesis, existing evidence could guide research and help identify novel therapeutic targets aiming mainly at the peripheral components of the clock gene system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Angelousi
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Narjes Ansari-Nasiri
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Harpal Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Laiko University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Chrousos
- First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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11
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Qiu MJ, Liu LP, Jin S, Fang XF, He XX, Xiong ZF, Yang SL. Research on circadian clock genes in common abdominal malignant tumors. Chronobiol Int 2019; 36:906-918. [PMID: 31014126 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1477792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm describes the 24-h oscillation in physiology and behavior of living organisms and presents a timing controller for life activity. Studies in recent years have reported that the abnormal expression of clock genes is closely related to the development of common abdominal malignant tumors. The expression of the 14 kinds of clock genes in 6 abdominal malignant tumors from Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data was integrated and analyzed using R and Perl programming languages to show the association between clock gene expression and prognosis of cancer patients. Analysis of TCGA data indicated that the overexpression of Per1-3, Cry2, CLOCK, NR1D2 and RORA with underexpression of Timeless and NPAS2 was associated with a favorable prognosis in kidney cancer. In liver cancer, high expressions of Cry2 and RORA were correlated with prolonged overall survival (OS) in patients, while high expressions of NPAS2 and Timeless were correlated with a poor survival. High expression of CLOCK was positively correlated with OS in colon cancer patients. High expression of Cry2 and low expression of DEC1 were associated with a favorable prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients, respectively. Most of these clock-genes expressions were closely related to the clinical stage and degree of tumor differentiation of patients. Aberrant clock gene expression is related to the biological characteristics of abdominal malignant tumors, which likely has a causal role in cancer development and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jun Qiu
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- b Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery , Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital) , Shenzhen , Guangdong Province , China
| | - Si Jin
- c Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan China
| | - Xie-Fan Fang
- d Department of Pediatrics , College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan China
| | - Zhi-Fan Xiong
- a Division of Gastroenterology, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan China
| | - Sheng-Li Yang
- e Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Wuhan China
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12
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Liu SL, Sun XS, Li XY, Tang LQ, Chen QY, Lin HX, Liang YJ, Yan JJ, Lin C, Guo SS, Liu LT, Li Y, Xie HJ, Tang QN, Liang H, Guo L, Mai HQ. The diagnostic and prognostic values of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA for residual cervical lymphadenopathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients: a retrospective study. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2019; 39:14. [PMID: 30925939 PMCID: PMC6441165 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-019-0357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with residual cervical lymphadenopathy following radical radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy are challenging. We investigated the prognosis of NPC patients with residual cervical lymphadenopathy and assessed the diagnostic and prognostic values of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in these patients. Methods This study included 82 NPC patients who were diagnosed with suspected residual cervical lymphadenopathy following completion of antitumor therapy. Their plasma EBV DNA levels were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) before the initiation of treatment and before neck dissection. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed in 21 patients. All patients had undergone neck dissection and postoperative pathological examination to identify the nature of residual cervical lymphadenopathy. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and locoregional relapse-free survival (LRRFS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multivariable analysis was used to estimate the effect of potential prognostic factors on survival. Results Following a median follow-up of 52.6 months, compared with patients with negative postoperative pathological findings for residual cervical lymphadenopathy, the patients with positive findings had a significantly lower 3-year PFS rate (49.9% vs. 83.3%, P = 0.008). Among NPC patients with residual cervical lymphadenopathy, the patients with preoperative plasma EBV DNA > 0 copy/mL had a lower 3-year PFS rate than did those with no detectable EBV DNA (43.7% vs. 61.1%, P = 0.031). In addition, combining FNAC with preoperative EBV DNA detection improved the diagnostic sensitivity. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that residual cervical lymphadenopathy with positive postoperative pathological result was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and that detectable preoperative plasma EBV DNA was an independent prognostic factor for OS. Conclusions Using FNAC combined with preoperative EBV DNA detection improves the sensitivity in diagnosing NPC with residual cervical lymphadenopathy. Compared with patients with undetectable EBV DNA, patients with detectable preoperative plasma EBV DNA have worse prognosis and may require a more aggressive treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Lan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Song Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Huan-Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Chao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Jun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Nan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Hu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Ling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China. .,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
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13
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Orhan T, Nielsen PB, Hviid TVF, Rosen AW, Gögenür I. Expression of Circadian Clock Genes in Human Colorectal Cancer Tissues Using Droplet Digital PCR. Cancer Invest 2019; 37:90-98. [PMID: 30732490 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1571079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that disruption of circadian rhythms may be directly linked to cancer. Here we report that the expression levels of the core clock genes Per1 and Per3 measured by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction are significantly decreased in tumour tissue from 16 patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery compared to paired normal mucosa. No differences were observed in the expression of Per2, Bmal1, and Clock. In conclusion, abnormal expression levels of the clock genes Per1 and Per3 in CRC tissue may be related to tumourigenesis and may provide future diagnostic and prognostic information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Orhan
- a Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen N , Denmark
| | - Peter Böhm Nielsen
- b Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Roskilde , Denmark
| | - Thomas Vauvert F Hviid
- b Centre for Immune Regulation and Reproductive Immunology, Department of Clinical Biochemistry , Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Roskilde , Denmark
| | - Andreas Weinberger Rosen
- c Center for Surgical Science, Department of Surgery , Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Koege , Denmark
| | - Ismail Gögenür
- c Center for Surgical Science, Department of Surgery , Zealand University Hospital, University of Copenhagen , Koege , Denmark
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14
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Davis K, Roden LC, Leaner VD, van der Watt PJ. The tumour suppressing role of the circadian clock. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:771-780. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kate Davis
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Laura C. Roden
- School of Life Sciences; Coventry University, Alison Gingell Building Room 2.24; Coventry, CV1 5FB UK
| | - Virna D. Leaner
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
- SAMRC/UCT Gynaecological Cancer Research Centre; Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
| | - Pauline J. van der Watt
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Cape Town; Cape Town South Africa
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15
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Kovač U, Skubic C, Bohinc L, Rozman D, Režen T. Oxysterols and Gastrointestinal Cancers Around the Clock. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:483. [PMID: 31379749 PMCID: PMC6653998 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the role of oxidized sterols in three major gastrointestinal cancers (hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic, and colon cancer) and how the circadian clock affects the carcinogenesis by regulating the lipid metabolism and beyond. While each field of research (cancer, oxysterols, and circadian clock) is well-studied within their specialty, little is known about the intertwining mechanisms and how these influence the disease etiology in each cancer type. Oxysterols are involved in pathology of these cancers, but final conclusions about their protective or damaging effects are elusive, since the effect depends on the type of oxysterol, concentration, and the cell type. Oxysterol concentrations, the expression of key regulators liver X receptors (LXR), farnesoid X receptor (FXR), and oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBP) family are modulated in tumors and plasma of cancer patients, exposing these proteins and selected oxysterols as new potential biomarkers and drug targets. Evidence about how cholesterol/oxysterol pathways are intertwined with circadian clock is building. Identified key contact points are different forms of retinoic acid receptor related orphan receptors (ROR) and LXRs. RORs and LXRs are both regulated by sterols/oxysterols and the circadian clock and in return also regulate the same pathways, representing a complex interplay between sterol metabolism and the clock. With this in mind, in addition to classical therapies to modulate cholesterol in gastrointestinal cancers, such as the statin therapy, the time is ripe also for therapies where time and duration of the drug application is taken as an important factor for successful therapies. The final goal is the personalized approach with chronotherapy for disease management and treatment in order to increase the positive drug effects.
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16
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Zhang Q, Berger FG, Love B, Banister CE, Murphy EA, Hofseth LJ. Maternal stress and early-onset colorectal cancer. Med Hypotheses 2018; 121:152-159. [PMID: 30396471 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is defined as colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosed before the age of 50. Alarmingly, there has been a significant increase in EOCRC diagnoses' worldwide over the past several decades. Emerging data suggest EOCRCs have distinguishing clinical, pathological, biological and molecular features; and thus, are a fundamentally different subtype of CRCs. Unfortunately, there is no simple explanation for the causes of EOCRC. Scientifically rigorous studies are needed to determine what may be driving the challenging epidemiology of EOCRC. We contend here that a reasonable hypothesis is that prenatal risk factors such as maternal stress and associated sleeping disorders influence offspring epigenetic make-up, and shape immune system and gut health contributing to an increased risk for EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bryan Love
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Carolyn E Banister
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Murphy
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Lorne J Hofseth
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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17
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Archer SN, Schmidt C, Vandewalle G, Dijk DJ. Phenotyping of PER3 variants reveals widespread effects on circadian preference, sleep regulation, and health. Sleep Med Rev 2018; 40:109-126. [PMID: 29248294 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Period3 (Per3) is one of the most robustly rhythmic genes in humans and animals. It plays a significant role in temporal organisation in peripheral tissues. The effects of PER3 variants on many phenotypes have been investigated in targeted and genome-wide studies. PER3 variants, especially the human variable number tandem repeat (VNTR), associate with diurnal preference, mental disorders, non-visual responses to light, brain and cognitive responses to sleep loss/circadian misalignment. Introducing the VNTR into mice alters responses to sleep loss and expression of sleep homeostasis-related genes. Several studies were limited in size and some findings were not replicated. Nevertheless, the data indicate a significant contribution of PER3 to sleep and circadian phenotypes and diseases, which may be connected by common pathways. Thus, PER3-dependent altered light sensitivity could relate to high retinal PER3 expression and may contribute to altered brain response to light, diurnal preference and seasonal mood. Altered cognitive responses during sleep loss/circadian misalignment and changes to slow wave sleep may relate to changes in wake/activity-dependent patterns of hypothalamic gene expression involved in sleep homeostasis and neural network plasticity. Comprehensive characterisation of effects of clock gene variants may provide new insights into the role of circadian processes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon N Archer
- Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XP, UK.
| | - Christina Schmidt
- GIGA-Research, Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Belgium; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit (PsyNCog), Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Gilles Vandewalle
- GIGA-Research, Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging Unit, University of Liège, Belgium
| | - Derk-Jan Dijk
- Sleep Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XP, UK
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18
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Liu SL, Tang LQ, Chen QY, Lin HX, Yang Q, Zhu Q, Wen W, Guo SS, Liu LT, Li Y, Xie HJ, Tang QN, Sun XS, Liang YJ, Li XY, Yan JJ, Lin C, Lan XW, Mai HQ, Guo L. The prognosis of neck residue nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients: results from a case-cohort study. J Cancer 2018; 9:1765-1772. [PMID: 29805702 PMCID: PMC5968764 DOI: 10.7150/jca.24573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To assess the prognosis of neck residue nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and the efficacy of neck dissection in the treatment of these patients. Methods: We recruited 68 neck residue NPC patients. For each neck residue patient we had three matched NPC patients without neck residue as controls (n = 204). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and multivariable analysis was used to test the independent statistical significance of NPC patients. Results: Compared to controls, the neck residue patients showed significantly lower 3-year PFS (46.7% vs. 87.6%; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis showed that neck residue was an independent prognostic factor for PFS. Conclusions: NPC patients who had pathologically proven neck residue are associated with poor prognosis. Management with neck dissection alone seems not to be sufficient for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Lan Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Lin-Quan Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Qiu-Yan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Huan-Xin Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Qi Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Qian Zhu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
| | - Wen Wen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Li-Ting Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Yang Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Hao-Jun Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Qing-Nan Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Xue-Song Sun
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Yu-Jing Liang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Xiao-Yun Li
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Jin-Jie Yan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Chao Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Xiao-Wen Lan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Hai-Qiang Mai
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Ling Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine.,Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
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19
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Roswall N, Bidstrup PE, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Solvang Jensen S, Overvad K, Halkjær J, Sørensen M. Residential road traffic noise exposure and colorectal cancer survival - A Danish cohort study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187161. [PMID: 29084272 PMCID: PMC5662233 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential traffic noise exposure may entail sleep disruption and compromised circadian functioning; two factors which have been associated with a poor colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between residential road traffic noise and CRC survival. METHODS AND MATERIALS Road traffic noise was calculated for all residential addresses from 1987 to February 2012 for incident CRC cases (n = 1,234) in a cohort of 57,053 Danes. We used Cox Proportional Hazard Models to investigate the association between residential road traffic noise at different time-windows, and overall and CRC-specific mortality. Furthermore, we investigated interaction with sex, age, prognostic factors, and comorbidity. Mortality Rate Ratios (MRR) were calculated in unadjusted models, and adjusted for railway noise, lifestyle factors, and socioeconomic variables. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 4 years, 594 patients died; 447 from CRC. We found no association between road traffic noise exposure and overall (MRR 1.00 (0.88-1.13) per 10 dB) or CRC-specific mortality (MRR 0.98 (0.85-1.13) per 10 dB) over the entire follow-up period, or 1 year preceding death. Results did not differ when examining colon and rectal cancer separately. Interaction analyses suggested that patients with less clinically advanced disease could be more susceptible to harmful effects of traffic noise. CONCLUSION The present study suggests no overall association between residential road traffic noise and concurrent mortality in CRC patients. As it is the first study of its kind, with relatively limited power, further studies are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Roswall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Momma T, Okayama H, Saitou M, Sugeno H, Yoshimoto N, Takebayashi Y, Ohki S, Takenoshita S. Expression of circadian clock genes in human colorectal adenoma and carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5319-5325. [PMID: 29113166 PMCID: PMC5661361 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are fundamental biological systems in most organisms. Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that disruption of circadian rhythms is linked to tumor progression and mammalian tumorigenesis. However, the clinical significance of in situ clock gene expression in precancerous and cancerous colorectal lesions remains unknown. The present study aimed to investigate mRNA transcript levels of circadian clock genes within human colorectal cancer and adenoma tissue sections. Using in situ hybridization, the expression of key clock genes, including period circadian protein homolog (Per) 1 and 2, cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), circadian locomoter output cycles protein kaput (Clock), brain and muscle ARNT-like protein 1 (Bmal1) and casein kinase 1ε (CK1ε) were retrospectively examined in 51 cases of colorectal carcinoma and 10 cases of adenoma. The expression of clock genes was almost undetectable in the majority of adenomas, whereas positive expression of clock genes was observed in 27–47% of carcinomas. Notably, positive Per1, Per2 and Clock staining in colorectal carcinomas were each significantly associated with a larger tumor size (P=0.012, P=0.011 and P=0.009, respectively). Tumors with positive Per2 and Clock expression tended to exhibit deeper depth of invasion and were generally more advanced than tumors that did not express these genes (P=0.052 and P=0.064, respectively). However, no statistically significant association was observed between clock gene expression and clinicopathological variables, including histopathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, depth of invasion or disease stage, although Per2-positive tumors tended to be associated with poorer overall survival (P=0.060). The results of the current study suggest that dysregulated expression of clock genes may be important in human colorectal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Momma
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Masaru Saitou
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Sugeno
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Yuji Takebayashi
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Shinji Ohki
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Seiichi Takenoshita
- Department of Organ Regulatory Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
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21
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Yang SL, Ren QG, Wen L, Hu JL, Wang HY. Research progress on circadian clock genes in common abdominal malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:5091-5098. [PMID: 29113149 PMCID: PMC5661368 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock refers to the inherent biological rhythm of an organism, which, is accurately regulated by numerous clock genes. Studies in recent years have reported that the abnormal expression of clock genes is ubiquitous in common abdominal malignant tumors, including liver, colorectal, gastric and pancreatic cancer. In addition, the abnormal expression of certain clock genes is closely associated with clinical tumor parameters or patient prognosis. Studies in clock genes may expand the knowledge about the mechanism of occurrence and development of tumors, and may provide a new approach for tumor therapy. The present study summarizes the research progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Quan-Guang Ren
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Li Hu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, P.R. China
| | - Heng-Yi Wang
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, P.R. China
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22
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Shostak A. Circadian Clock, Cell Division, and Cancer: From Molecules to Organism. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E873. [PMID: 28425940 PMCID: PMC5412454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a response to environmental changes driven by the Earth's axial rotation, most organisms evolved an internal biological timer-the so called circadian clock-which regulates physiology and behavior in a rhythmic fashion. Emerging evidence suggests an intimate interplay between the circadian clock and another fundamental rhythmic process, the cell cycle. However, the precise mechanisms of this connection are not fully understood. Disruption of circadian rhythms has a profound impact on cell division and cancer development and, vice versa, malignant transformation causes disturbances of the circadian clock. Conventional knowledge attributes tumor suppressor properties to the circadian clock. However, this implication might be context-dependent, since, under certain conditions, the clock can also promote tumorigenesis. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular links regulating the physiological balance between the two cycles will have potential significance for the treatment of cancer and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Shostak
- Circadian Rhythms and Molecular Clocks Group, Heidelberg University Biochemistry Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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23
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Alexander M, Burch JB, Steck SE, Chen CF, Hurley TG, Cavicchia P, Shivappa N, Guess J, Zhang H, Youngstedt SD, Creek KE, Lloyd S, Jones K, Hébert JR. Case-control study of candidate gene methylation and adenomatous polyp formation. Int J Colorectal Dis 2017; 32:183-192. [PMID: 27771773 PMCID: PMC5288296 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-016-2688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common and preventable forms of cancer but remains the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Colorectal adenomas are precursor lesions that develop in 70-90 % of CRC cases. Identification of peripheral biomarkers for adenomas would help to enhance screening efforts. This exploratory study examined the methylation status of 20 candidate markers in peripheral blood leukocytes and their association with adenoma formation. METHODS Patients recruited from a local endoscopy clinic provided informed consent and completed an interview to ascertain demographic, lifestyle, and adenoma risk factors. Cases were individuals with a histopathologically confirmed adenoma, and controls included patients with a normal colonoscopy or those with histopathological findings not requiring heightened surveillance (normal biopsy, hyperplastic polyp). Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to characterize candidate gene promoter methylation. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using unconditional multivariable logistic regression to test the hypothesis that candidate gene methylation differed between cases and controls, after adjustment for confounders. RESULTS Complete data were available for 107 participants; 36 % had adenomas (men 40 %, women 31 %). Hypomethylation of the MINT1 locus (OR 5.3, 95% CI 1.0-28.2) and the PER1 (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.1-7.7) and PER3 (OR 11.6, 95% CI 1.6-78.5) clock gene promoters was more common among adenoma cases. While specificity was moderate to high for the three markers (71-97 %), sensitivity was relatively low (18-45 %). CONCLUSION Follow-up of these epigenetic markers is suggested to further evaluate their utility for adenoma screening or surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alexander
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - J B Burch
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA.
- William Jennings Bryant Dorn Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - S E Steck
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - C-F Chen
- Center for Molecular Studies, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - T G Hurley
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - P Cavicchia
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
- Division of Community Health Promotion, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - N Shivappa
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - J Guess
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
| | - H Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - S D Youngstedt
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University and Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - K E Creek
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - S Lloyd
- South Carolina Medical Endoscopy Center, and Department of Family Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - K Jones
- Center for Molecular Studies, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - J R Hébert
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Room 228, Columbia, SC, 29209, USA
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolin, Columbia, SC, USA
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Fu XJ, Li HX, Yang K, Chen D, Tang H. The important tumor suppressor role of PER1 in regulating the cyclin-CDK-CKI network in SCC15 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:2237-45. [PMID: 27143919 PMCID: PMC4846057 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s100952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the abnormal expression of the circadian clock gene PER1 is closely related to the development and progression of cancer. However, the exact molecular mechanism by which the abnormal expression of PER1 induces carcinogenesis is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate the alterations in downstream cell cycle genes, cell cycle distribution, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and in vivo tumorigenicity in SCC15 oral squamous cell carcinoma cells after PER1 downregulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A stable SCC15 cell line was established to constitutively express shRNA targeting PER1. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analyses were conducted to estimate PER1 mRNA and protein expression. The expression of PER1, P53, CyclinD1, CyclinE, CyclinA2, CyclinB1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, P16, P21, WEE1, and CDC25 mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Cell cycle distribution, cell proliferation, and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. The in vivo tumorigenicity of SCC15 cells was evaluated in female BALB/c nu/nu mice. RESULTS PER1 downregulation resulted in significantly increased mRNA expression levels of CyclinD1, CyclinE, CyclinB1, CDK1, and WEE1 (P<0.05), and significantly decreased mRNA expression levels of P53, CyclinA2, P16, P21, and CDC25 (P<0.05) compared to control cells. Additionally, PER1 downregulation led to significantly fewer cells in S phase (P<0.05), but significantly more cells in G2/M phase (P<0.05) compared to the control group. After PER1 downregulation, the cell proliferation index was significantly higher (P<0.05), and the apoptotic index was significantly lower (P<0.05). The in vivo tumorigenicity of SCC15 cells was significantly enhanced by PER1 downregulation (P<0.05). CONCLUSION PER1 is an important tumor suppressor gene which acts by regulating the Cyclin-CDK-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor regulatory network. An in-depth characterization of this gene may further illuminate the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development and progression of cancer, thus providing novel molecular targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Fu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Xue Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Tang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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25
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Fonnes S, Donatsky AM, Gögenur I. Expression of core clock genes in colorectal tumour cells compared with normal mucosa: a systematic review of clinical trials. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:290-7. [PMID: 25418520 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Experimental studies have shown that some circadian core clock genes may act as tumour suppressors and have an important role in the response to oncological treatment. This study investigated the evidence regarding modified expression of core clock genes in colorectal cancer and its correlation to clinicopathological features and survival. METHOD A systematic review was conducted without meta-analysis according to the PRISMA guidelines on 24 March 2014 using PubMed and EMBASE. Eligibility criteria were: study design, original research article, English language, human subjects and gene expression of colorectal cancer cells compared with healthy mucosa cells from specimens analysed by real-time or quantitative real-time polymer chain reaction. The expression of the core clock genes Period, Cryptochrome, Bmal1 and Clock in colorectal tumours were compared with healthy mucosa and correlated with clinicopathological features and survival. RESULTS Seventy-four articles were identified and 11 studies were included. Overall, gene expression of Period was significantly decreased in colorectal cancer cells compared with healthy mucosa cells. This tendency was also seen in the gene expression of Clock. Other core clock genes did not appear to be differentially expressed. Decreased Period gene expression was correlated to some clinicopathological features. CONCLUSION The Period genes seemed to be modified in colorectal tumour cells compared with normal mucosa. Core clock genes might be possible future biomarkers in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fonnes
- Centre for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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26
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ALEXANDER MELANNIE, BURCH JAMESB, STECK SUSANE, CHEN CHINFU, HURLEY THOMASG, CAVICCHIA PHILIP, RAY MEREDITH, SHIVAPPA NITIN, GUESS JACLYN, ZHANG HONGMEI, YOUNGSTEDT SHAWND, CREEK KIME, LLOYD STEPHEN, YANG XIAOMING, HÉBERT JAMESR. Case-control study of the PERIOD3 clock gene length polymorphism and colorectal adenoma formation. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:935-41. [PMID: 25501848 PMCID: PMC4306271 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Clock genes are expressed in a self-perpetuating, circadian pattern in virtually every tissue including the human gastrointestinal tract. They coordinate cellular processes critical for tumor development, including cell proliferation, DNA damage response and apoptosis. Circadian rhythm disturbances have been associated with an increased risk for colon cancer and other cancers. This mechanism has not been elucidated, yet may involve dysregulation of the 'period' (PER) clock genes, which have tumor suppressor properties. A variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in the PERIOD3 (PER3) gene has been associated with sleep disorders, differences in diurnal hormone secretion, and increased premenopausal breast cancer risk. Susceptibility related to PER3 has not been examined in conjunction with adenomatous polyps. This exploratory case-control study was the first to test the hypothesis that the 5-repeat PER3 VNTR sequence is associated with increased odds of adenoma formation. Information on demographics, medical history, occupation and lifestyle was collected prior to colonoscopy. Cases (n=49) were individuals with at least one histopathologically confirmed adenoma. Controls (n=97) included patients with normal findings or hyperplastic polyps not requiring enhanced surveillance. Unconditional multiple logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), after adjusting for potential confounding. Adenomas were detected in 34% of participants. Cases were more likely to possess the 5-repeat PER3 genotype relative to controls (4/5 OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 0.9-4.8; 5/5 OR, 5.1; 95% CI, 1.4-18.1; 4/5+5/5 OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.7-5.4). Examination of the Oncomine microarray database indicated lower PERIOD gene expression in adenomas relative to adjacent normal tissue. Results suggest a need for follow-up in a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- MELANNIE ALEXANDER
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - JAMES B. BURCH
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Dorn Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - SUSAN E. STECK
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - CHIN-FU CHEN
- Center for Molecular Studies, Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA
| | - THOMAS G. HURLEY
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - PHILIP CAVICCHIA
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - MEREDITH RAY
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - NITIN SHIVAPPA
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - JACLYN GUESS
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - HONGMEI ZHANG
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - SHAWN D. YOUNGSTEDT
- College of Nursing and Health Innovation, and College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - KIM E. CREEK
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - STEPHEN LLOYD
- South Carolina Medical Endoscopy Center, and Department of Family Medicine, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - XIAOMING YANG
- Medical Chronobiology Laboratory, Dorn Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - JAMES R. HÉBERT
- South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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27
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Wang Y, Qian R, Sun N, Lu C, Chen Z, Hua L. Circadian gene hClock enhances proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of human colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4204-10. [PMID: 25625359 PMCID: PMC4394946 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the most prevalent types of malignancy-associated mortality worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated that amplification and overexpression of the human circadian locomotor output cycles kaput gene (hClock) was closely associated with a high risk for CRC as well as poor prognosis in CRC patients. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRC remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, hClock was exogenously overexpressed in the CRC cell line SW480 via infection of a lentivirus vector expressing hClock; in addition, a lentivirus vector-based RNA interference approach, using short hairpin RNA, was performed in order to knockdown hClock in SW620 cells. The results showed that upregulation of hClock promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in SW480 cells in vitro and in vivo, while downregulation of hClock inhibited SW620 cell proliferation and accelerated apoptosis in vitro. Upregulation of hClock enhanced the activity of the anti-apoptotic gene phosphorpylated (p-) AKT and inhibited the expression of the pro-apoptotic gene B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein and Bcl-2 homology 3 interacting domain death agonist. Furthermore, targeted inhibition of hClock activity reduced p-AKT expression. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that the circadian gene hClock promoted CRC progression and inhibit tumor cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, while silencing hClock was able to reverse this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Ruizhe Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zongyou Chen
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Luchun Hua
- Department of Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
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Yang SL, Yu C, Jiang JX, Liu LP, Fang X, Wu C. Hepatitis B virus X protein disrupts the balance of the expression of circadian rhythm genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2014; 8:2715-2720. [PMID: 25360177 PMCID: PMC4214404 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2014.2570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The human circadian rhythm is controlled by at least eight circadian clock genes and disruption of the circadian rhythm is associated with cancer development. The present study aims to elucidate the association between the expression of circadian clock genes and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and also to reveal whether the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is the major regulator that contributes to the disturbance of circadian clock gene expression. The mRNA levels of circadian clock genes in 30 HCC and the paired peritumoral tissues were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). A stable HBx-expressing cell line, Bel-7404-HBx, was established through transfection of HBx plasmids. The mRNA level of circadian clock genes was also detected by RT-qPCR in these cells. Compared with the paired peritumoral tissues, the mRNA levels of the Per1, Per2, Per3 and Cry2 genes in HCC tissue were significantly lower (P<0.05), while no significant difference was observed in the expression levels of CLOCK, BMAL1, Cry1 and casein kinase 1ɛ (CK1ɛ; P>0.05). Compared with Bel-7404 cells, the mRNA levels of the CLOCK, Per1 and Per2 genes in Bel-7404-HBx cells were significantly increased, while the mRNA levels of the BMAL1, Per3, Cry1, Cry2 and CKIɛ genes were decreased (P<0.05). Thus, the present study identified that disturbance of the expression of circadian clock genes is common in HCC. HBx disrupts the expression of circadian clock genes and may, therefore, induce the development of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, P.R. China
| | - Chao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Xiefan Fang
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Liyuan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430077, P.R. China
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Pluquet O, Dejeans N, Chevet E. Watching the clock: endoplasmic reticulum-mediated control of circadian rhythms in cancer. Ann Med 2014; 46:233-43. [PMID: 24491143 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2013.874664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years both the circadian clock and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling have emerged as major players in oncogenesis and cancer development. Although several lines of evidence have established functional links between these two molecular pathways, their interconnection and the subsequent functional implications in cancer development remain to be fully characterized. Herein, we provide an extensive review of the literature depicting the molecular connectivity linking ER stress signaling and the circadian clock and elaborate on the potential use of these functional interactions in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Pluquet
- Institut de Biologie de Lille, CNRS UMR8161/Universités Lille 1 et Lille 2/Institut Pasteur de Lille , 1, rue du Pr. Calmette, BP 447, 59021 Lille , France
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30
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Couto P, Miranda D, Vieira R, Vilhena A, De Marco L, Bastos-Rodrigues L. Association between CLOCK, PER3 and CCRN4L with non‑small cell lung cancer in Brazilian patients. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:435-40. [PMID: 24821610 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms comprise of daily oscillations in a variety of biological processes and are regulated by an endogenous clock. Disruption of these rhythms has been associated with cancer progression, and understanding natural oscillations in cellular growth control, tumor suppression and cancer treatment, may reveal how clock and clock‑controlled genes are regulated in normal physiological functioning. To investigate the association between clock genes and non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we genotyped three tag SNPs (rs938836, rs17050680, rs3805213) in the Nocturnin gene (CCRN4L), five SNPs (rs228727, rs228644, rs228729, rs707467, rs104620202) in the period 3 (PER3) gene and one SNP (rs6855837) in the CLOCK gene, in 78 Brazilian patients with NSCLC. One tag SNP in CCRN4L (rs3805213) and another tag SNP from PER3 (rs228729) demonstrated a significant correlation with genotype and allele frequency in lung cancer (P=4.4x10‑3 and P=5.7x10‑2; P=0.004 and P=0.02, respectively). The results of our study suggest these polymorphisms in the CCRN4L and PER3 genes may represent a risk factor in the occurrence and development of NSCLC in Brazilian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Couto
- Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130‑100, Brazil
| | - Debora Miranda
- Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130‑100, Brazil
| | - Renalice Vieira
- Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130‑100, Brazil
| | - Alyne Vilhena
- Hospital Julia Kubitscheck, Belo Horizonte, MG 30620‑470, Brazil
| | - Luiz De Marco
- Department of Surgery, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG 30130‑100, Brazil
| | - Luciana Bastos-Rodrigues
- Basic Department ‑ Health Area, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares, MG 35010‑177, Brazil
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31
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Mazzoccoli G, Vinciguerra M, Papa G, Piepoli A. Circadian clock circuitry in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:4197-4207. [PMID: 24764658 PMCID: PMC3989956 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i15.4197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most prevalent among digestive system cancers. Carcinogenesis relies on disrupted control of cellular processes, such as metabolism, proliferation, DNA damage recognition and repair, and apoptosis. Cell, tissue, organ and body physiology is characterized by periodic fluctuations driven by biological clocks operating through the clock gene machinery. Dysfunction of molecular clockworks and cellular oscillators is involved in tumorigenesis, and altered expression of clock genes has been found in cancer patients. Epidemiological studies have shown that circadian disruption, that is, alteration of bodily temporal organization, is a cancer risk factor, and an increased incidence of colorectal neoplastic disease is reported in shift workers. In this review we describe the involvement of the circadian clock circuitry in colorectal carcinogenesis and the therapeutic strategies addressing temporal deregulation in colorectal cancer.
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32
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Hu ML, Yeh KT, Lin PM, Hsu CM, Hsiao HH, Liu YC, Lin HYH, Lin SF, Yang MY. Deregulated expression of circadian clock genes in gastric cancer. BMC Gastroenterol 2014; 14:67. [PMID: 24708606 PMCID: PMC3992139 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-14-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC), an aggressive malignant tumor of the alimentary tract, is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Circadian rhythm exhibits a 24-hour variation in physiological processes and behavior, such as hormone levels, metabolism, gene expression, sleep and wakefulness, and appetite. Disruption of circadian rhythm has been associated with various cancers, including chronic myeloid leukemia, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, endometrial carcinoma, and breast cancer. However, the expression of circadian clock genes in GC remains unexplored. METHODS In this study, the expression profiles of eight circadian clock genes (PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, CRY2, CKIϵ, CLOCK, and BMAL1) of cancerous and noncancerous tissues from 29 GC patients were investigated using real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and validated through immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS We found that PER2 was significantly up-regulated in cancer tissues (p < 0.005). Up-regulated CRY1 expression was significantly correlated with more advanced stages (stage III and IV) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest deregulated expressions of circadian clock genes exist in GC and circadian rhythm disturbance may be associated with the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Luen Hu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Da-Pei Road, Niaosung District, 833 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road,Kwei-Shan 333 Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Tu Yeh
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nan-Hsiao St., 500 Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Mei Lin
- Department of Nursing, I-Shou University, No.1, Sec. 1, Syuecheng Road, Dashu District, 840 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road,Kwei-Shan 333 Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Da-Pei Road, Niaosung District, 833 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hua Hsiao
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Liu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Hugo You-Hsien Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 68 Jhonghua 3rd Road, 801 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fung Lin
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, 807 Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yu Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road,Kwei-Shan 333 Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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Karantanos T, Theodoropoulos G, Pektasides D, Gazouli M. Clock genes: Their role in colorectal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:1986-1992. [PMID: 24587674 PMCID: PMC3934468 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i8.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Clock genes create a complicated molecular time-keeping system consisting of multiple positive and negative feedback loops at transcriptional and translational levels. This circadian system coordinates and regulates multiple cellular procedures implicated in cancer development such as metabolism, cell cycle and DNA damage response. Recent data support that molecules such as CLOCK1, BMAL1 and PER and CRY proteins have various effects on c-Myc/p21 and Wnt/β-catenin pathways and influence multiple steps of DNA damage response playing a critical role in the preservation of genomic integrity in normal and cancer cells. Notably, all these events have already been related to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Recent data highlight critical correlations between clock genes’ expression and pathogenesis, progression, aggressiveness and prognosis of CRC. Increased expression of positive regulators of this circadian system such as BMAL1 has been related to decrease overall survival while decreased expression of negative regulators such as PER2 and PER3 is connected with poorer differentiation, increased aggressiveness and worse prognosis. The implications of these molecules in DNA repair systems explain their involvement in the development of CRC but at the same time provide us with novel targets for modern therapeutic approaches for patients with advanced CRC.
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Karantanos T, Theodoropoulos G, Gazouli M, Vaiopoulou A, Karantanou C, Stravopodis DJ, Bramis K, Lymperi M, Pektasidis D. Association of the clock genes polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility. J Surg Oncol 2013; 108:563-7. [PMID: 24037774 DOI: 10.1002/jso.23434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The circadian rhythm regulates the cell cycle progression and DNA damage response. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the CLOCK1, PER2, and PER3 genes with the colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility and clinicopathological variables. METHODS Four hundred two CRC patients and 480 healthy controls were included in a case-control study. Genotype and allelic frequencies of 311T>C (rs1801260) in CLOCK1 gene, G3853A (rs934945) in PER2 gene and 4/5 repeats polymorphisms in PER3 gene were evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) restriction fragment length polymorphism method in the DNA extracted from the peripheral blood of patients and controls. RESULTS The frequencies of the 311T>C CLOCK1 gene, CC genotype and C allele were significantly higher among CRC patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001) elevating the CRC risk by 2.78- and 1.78-fold respectively. No correlation was found between G3853A and 4/5 repeats polymorphisms and CRC risk. The C/G/5 and C/G/4 repeats haplotypes were higher in CRC patients (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.038) elevating the CRC risk by 60% and 89% respectively. No correlation was found between any polymorphism and clinicopathological characteristics of CRC patients. CONCLUSION The 311T>C polymorphism in the CLOCK1 gene significantly increases the risk for CRC development while it does not affect the outcome of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Karantanos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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