1
|
Adhikari S, Saud B, Yadav PK. Empowering communities: implementing a COPD self-management program in Nepal. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. SOUTHEAST ASIA 2024; 29:100469. [PMID: 39247445 PMCID: PMC11377147 DOI: 10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Saroj Adhikari
- Government of Nepal, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Bhuvan Saud
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Janamaitri Foundation Institute of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ghorpade D, Salvi S. Awareness of COPD in low-and middle-income countries and implications for treatment. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024:1-13. [PMID: 39246242 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2400983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION COPD is the 3rd leading cause of death worldwide, affecting an estimated 212.3 million people. More than 80% of this burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries. One of the major reasons for this growing burden, is the lack of awareness of COPD among all levels. AREAS COVERED In this review article, we studied the level of awareness of COPD among lay people, health care providers and policy makers in the LMICs. Search engines including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus were used for relevant articles. Articles spanning from 1990 to March 2024 were screened on COPD awareness in LMICs and its treatment implications using a combination of key words. EXPERT OPINION We report that the overall awareness of COPD is low at all levels. There are several reasons such as poverty, illiteracy, societal beliefs, cultural beliefs, and misconceptions. This is associated with increase in suffering, deaths, and economic loss, due to poor adaption correct prescription and compliance to treatment. And very little is being done to improve the current status. COPD needs to be highlighted in the national programs in LMICs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deesha Ghorpade
- Academic Research, Pulmocare Research and Education (PURE) Foundation, Pune, India
| | - Sundeep Salvi
- Academic Research, Pulmocare Research and Education (PURE) Foundation, Pune, India
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Symbiosis International Deemed University, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chung C, Lee KN, Shin DW, Lee SW, Han K. Low household income increases risks for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young population: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in South Korea. BMJ Open Respir Res 2024; 11:e002444. [PMID: 39074962 PMCID: PMC11288150 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2024-002444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low socioeconomic status is a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, the association between low household income and COPD in young populations remains unclear. METHODS We screened individuals aged 20-39 years who underwent the national health examination between 2009 and 2012 using the Korean National Health Information Database, which was searched until December 2019. We identified 5 965 366 eligible individuals, and 13 296 had newly developed COPD based on health insurance claims. We evaluated household income levels based on the health insurance premiums, categorised them into quartiles and 'Medical aid' (the lowest 3% income group), and assessed the annual income status from the preceding 4 years. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the adjusted HR (aHR) of risk factors for COPD. RESULTS In the Medical aid group, the incidence rate for developing COPD was 0.56/1000 person-years, with an aHR of 2.45 (95% CI 1.91 to 3.13) compared with that of the highest income quartile group. This association was prominent in consecutive recipients of Medical aid (aHR 2.37, 95% CI 1.80 to 3.11) compared with those who had never been Medical aid beneficiaries. Those who experienced a decline in household income between the previous (preceding 4 years) and baseline time points had an increased risk of developing COPD, regardless of previous income status. CONCLUSION Low household income was associated with an increased risk of developing COPD in the young population. This risk was augmented by sustained low income and declining income status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiwook Chung
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, GangNeung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyu Na Lee
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
- Department of Clinical Research Design & Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea (the Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pham HQ, Pham KHT, Ha GH, Pham TT, Nguyen HT, Nguyen THT, Oh JK. Economic Burden of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2024; 87:234-251. [PMID: 38361331 PMCID: PMC11222094 DOI: 10.4046/trd.2023.0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, providing evidence on the economic burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming essential as it assists the health authorities to efficiently allocate resources. This study aimed to summarize the literature on economic burden evidence for COPD from 1990 to 2019. This study examined the economic burden of COPD through a systematic review of studies from 1990 to 2019. A search was done in online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. After screening 12,734 studies, 43 articles that met the inclusion criteria were identified. General study information and data on direct, indirect, and intangible costs were extracted and converted to 2018 international dollars (Int$). Findings revealed that the total direct costs ranged from Int$ 52.08 (India) to Int$ 13,776.33 (Canada) across 16 studies, with drug costs rannging from Int$ 70.07 (Vietnam) to Int$ 8,706.9 (China) in 11 studies. Eight studies explored indirect costs, while one highlighted caregivers' direct costs at approximately Int$ 1,207.8 (Greece). This study underscores the limited research on COPD caregivers' economic burdens, particularly in developing countries, emphasizing the importance of increased research support, particularly in high-resource settings. This study provides information about the demographics and economic burden of COPD from 1990 to 2019. More strategies to reduce the frequency of hospital admissions and acute care services should be implemented to improve the quality of COPD patients' lives and reduce the disease's rising economic burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai Quang Pham
- Department of Health Economics, School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kiet Huy Tuan Pham
- Department of Health Economics, School of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Giang Hai Ha
- Institute of Theoretical and Applied Research, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
- School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University, Danang, Vietnam
| | - Tin Trung Pham
- Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Public Health, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Hien Thi Nguyen
- Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Faculty of Public Health, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Trang Huyen Thi Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Oh
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Casella G, Salemi B, Franco C, Acampora M, Barello S, Guasconi M. Strategies implemented by informal caregivers to facilitate self-care in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a scoping review protocol. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2023; 94:e2023248. [PMID: 38054671 PMCID: PMC10734228 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v94i6.15162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. COPD is a significant social and economic burden, and hospital admissions contribute to increased costs. Informal caregivers play a crucial role in supporting COPD patients in their self-care efforts. Therefore, understanding informal caregiver interventions to improve self-care may be helpful in reducing hospitalizations. This is the protocol for a scoping review that aims to map the literature on informal caregiver interventions to facilitate self-care in COPD patients. RESEARCH QUESTION What are the strategies implemented by informal caregivers to facilitate self-care for patients with COPD? METHODS The review will adhere to the methodology outlined by the JBI. A comprehensive search strategy will be executed in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, and PsycINFO. Additionally, grey literature and relevant unpublished documents will be searched to minimize publication bias. Studies describing strategies/actions implemented by informal caregivers to promote self-care in COPD patients from all countries will be included. We will exclude abstracts, editorials, articles on paid caregivers and social and healthcare workers. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full-text articles based on inclusion criteria. Key data from the selected studies will be extracted using a predefined data extraction table. The results will be aggregated into themes and described qualitatively, figures and graphs may also be presented. The results will be presented according to the PRISMA-ScR. REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4TWRM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Casella
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy; "Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale" (Local Health Service) di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy;.
| | - Beatrice Salemi
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy;.
| | - Cosimo Franco
- "Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale" (Local Health Service) di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy;.
| | - Marta Acampora
- "Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore", Department of Psychology, Milan, Italy;.
| | - Serena Barello
- University of Pavia, Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, Pavia, Italy;.
| | - Massimo Guasconi
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy; "Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale" (Local Health Service) di Piacenza, Piacenza, Italy; .
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu C, Xia Q, Li Q, Wu J, Wang X, Wu J. Hospitalization costs of COPD cases and its associated factors: an observational study at two large public tertiary hospitals in Henan Province, China. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:457. [PMID: 37491188 PMCID: PMC10367229 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increasing prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has imposed a considerable economic burden. However, there remains a paucity of relevant evidence regarding the hospitalization costs of COPD cases. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the hospitalization costs among COPD cases and investigate the factors that contribute to their costs in Henan Province, China. METHODS We enrolled a total of 1697 cases who were discharged with a diagnosis of COPD from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020, into the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the cases were obtained from the hospital information system (HIS) of two large tertiary hospitals in Henan Province, China. The factors associated with hospitalization costs were examined using a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS Total hospitalization costs of 1697 COPD cases were $5,419,011, and the median was $1952 (IQR:2031). Out-of-pocket fees accounted for 43.95% of the total hospitalization costs, and the median was $938 (IQR:956). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that hospitalization costs were higher among older cases, cases with more comorbidities, and cases with longer length of stay. Furthermore, hospitalization costs were higher in cases who paid through private expenses compared to those covered by Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance. Additionally, we found that cases admitted through an outpatient clinic had higher hospitalization costs than those admitted through the emergency department. CONCLUSION Hospitalization costs of COPD cases are substantial. Strategies to reduce hospitalization costs, such as shortening LOS, optimizing payment plans, and preventing or managing complications, should be implemented to alleviate the economic burden associated with COPD hospitalizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qingyun Xia
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Quanman Li
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Juxiao Wu
- School of Journalism and Communication, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, 8 Gongren Tiyuchang Nanlu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Health Economy & Health Technology Assessment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Li Y, Zhang P, An Z, Ma Y, Wang Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Yuan X, Li K, Yin Z, Wang H. Impact of Influenza and Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination on Economic Burden from Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Hebei Province, China, November 2018 to November 2020. China CDC Wkly 2023; 5:452-458. [PMID: 37274769 PMCID: PMC10236643 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2023.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
What is already known on this topic? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations increase household economic burden, but there is limited evidence from prospective cohort studies in China about the impact of vaccination on economic burden. What is added by this report? This study demonstrated the economic burden of COPD exacerbations, pneumonia, and hospitalization in COPD patients in China is substantial. Influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), separately or together, were significantly associated with decreased economic burden. What are the implications for public health practice? Our study supports evidence on recommendations that COPD patients in China are offered both influenza vaccine and PPSV23.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Pingshu Zhang
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zhijie An
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Liye Wang
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yunqiu Liu
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Keli Li
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zundong Yin
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Huaqing Wang
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salvi S, Jain MK, Krishnamurthy S, Balki A, Kodgule R, Tandon M, Bhagat S, Panchal S, Khatri N, Wu W, Pendse A, Patil S, Barkate H. Comparative efficacy and safety of glycopyrronium/formoterol fixed-dose combination versus glycopyrronium monotherapy in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD. Lung India 2022; 39:517-524. [PMID: 36629230 PMCID: PMC9746267 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_136_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The safety and efficacy of fixed-dose combination (FDC) of glycopyrronium bromide 12.5 μg/formoterol fumarate 12 μg (GB/FF) twice daily as dry powder inhalers (DPIs) compared to glycopyrronium 50 μg monotherapy (GLY) once daily as DPI in subjects with moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were evaluated. Methods This was a phase-3, randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel-group, superiority study conducted in India. COPD patients aged ≥40 to ≤65 years, current or ex-smokers with FEV1/FVC <0.70, using ICS, LAMA, or LABA for ≥1 month were included. Subjects were randomized (1:1) to GB/FF or GLY for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline in peak FEV1 at the end of 12 weeks. The study is registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2017/02/007814). Results Between March 2017 and July 2018, 331 patients were enrolled and randomized into GB/FF FDC (165 patients) and GLY monotherapy (166 patients) groups. At week 12, the difference in change from baseline in the peak FEV1 for GB/FF DPI versus GLY was 0.115 L (SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.061, 0.170; P < 0.0001). Trough FEV1 increased significantly in the GB/FF group compared to the GLY group with a treatment difference of 0.078 L (SE = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.015, 0.14; P = 0.01). There were no significant differences in adverse events between the groups. Conclusion FDC of GB/FF (12.5/12 μg twice daily) as a DPI provides superior bronchodilation and lung function improvement over GLY (50 μg once daily) monotherapy. It is safe and well tolerated in symptomatic COPD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sundeep Salvi
- Pulmocare Research and Education (PURE) Foundation, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manish K. Jain
- Department of Respiratory, Maharaja Agrasen Superspeciality Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srikanth Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Sri Bala Medical Centre and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akash Balki
- Shree Hospital and Critical Care, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Kodgule
- Clinical Development, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Monika Tandon
- Clinical Development, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Bhagat
- Global Medical Affairs, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Panchal
- Ex-Employee, Global Medical Affairs, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishtha Khatri
- Global Medical Affairs, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Wen Wu
- Clinical Operations, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Waterford, UK
| | - Amol Pendse
- Clinical Operations, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Saiprasad Patil
- Global Medical Affairs, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hanmant Barkate
- Global Medical Affairs, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jones AW, McKenzie JE, Osadnik CR, Stovold E, Cox NS, Burge AT, Lahham A, Lee JYT, Hoffman M, Holland AE. Non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of hospitalisations in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: component network meta-analysis. Hippokratia 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd015153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arwel W Jones
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Joanne E McKenzie
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | | | - Elizabeth Stovold
- Population Health Research Institute; St George's, University of London; London UK
| | - Narelle S Cox
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Melbourne Australia
| | - Angela T Burge
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Melbourne Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy; Alfred Health; Melbourne Australia
| | - Aroub Lahham
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Joanna YT Lee
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Mariana Hoffman
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
| | - Anne E Holland
- Respiratory Research@Alfred, Department of Immunology and Pathology; Monash University; Melbourne Australia
- Institute for Breathing and Sleep; Melbourne Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy; Alfred Health; Melbourne Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang H, Yang T, Yu X, Chen Z, Ran Y, Wang J, Dai G, Deng H, Li X, Zhu T. Risk Factors for Length of Hospital Stay in Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:3447-3458. [PMID: 35378912 PMCID: PMC8976556 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s354748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Purpose Patients and Methods Results Conclusion
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Respiratory Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Suining City, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Yang
- Thoracic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Yu
- Respiratory Medicine, Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 20032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajuan Ran
- Pharmacy Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Rheumatology Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangming Dai
- Respiratory Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Suining City, Suining, 629000, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huojin Deng
- Respiratory Medicine, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinglong Li
- Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Tao Zhu, Respiratory Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 23 63693094, Email
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bherwani H, Kumar S, Musugu K, Nair M, Gautam S, Gupta A, Ho CH, Anshul A, Kumar R. Assessment and valuation of health impacts of fine particulate matter during COVID-19 lockdown: a comprehensive study of tropical and sub tropical countries. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:44522-44537. [PMID: 33852112 PMCID: PMC8044290 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13813-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues to challenge the whole world. The disease has claimed many fatalities as it has transcended from one country to another since it was first discovered in China in late 2019. To prevent further morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19, most of the countries initiated a countrywide lockdown. While physical distancing and lockdowns helped in curbing the spread of this novel coronavirus, it led to massive economic losses for the nations. Positive impacts have been observed due to lockdown in terms of improved air quality of the nations. In the current research, ten tropical and subtropical countries have been analysed from multiple angles, including air pollution, assessment and valuation of health impacts and economic loss of countries during COVID-19 lockdown. Countries include Brazil, India, Iran, Kenya, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, Peru, Sri Lanka, and Thailand. Validated Simplified Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm (SARA) binning model is used on data collated from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) for particulate matters with a diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) for all the countries for the month of January to May 2019 and 2020. The concentration results of PM2.5 show that air pollution has drastically reduced in 2020 post lockdown for all countries. The highest average concentration obtained by converting aerosol optical depth (AOD) for 2020 is observed for Thailand as 121.9 μg/m3 and the lowest for Mexico as 36.27 μg/m3. As air pollution is found to decrease in the April and May months of 2020 for nearly all countries, they are compared with respective previous year values for the same duration to calculate the reduced health burden due to lockdown. The present study estimates that cumulative about 100.9 Billion US$ are saved due to reduced air pollution externalities, which are about 25% of the cumulative economic loss of 435.9 Billion US$.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Bherwani
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Suman Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
| | - Kavya Musugu
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
| | - Moorthy Nair
- Asian Development Research Institute (ADRI), Patna, Bihar 800013 India
| | - Sneha Gautam
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641114 India
| | - Ankit Gupta
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Chang-Hoi Ho
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Avneesh Anshul
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nagpur, Maharashtra 440020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ekezie W, Jenkins AR, Hall IP, Evans C, Koju R, Kurmi OP, Bolton CE. The burden of chronic respiratory diseases in adults in Nepal: A systematic review. Chron Respir Dis 2021; 18:1479973121994572. [PMID: 34227410 PMCID: PMC8264743 DOI: 10.1177/1479973121994572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
While chronic lung disease causes substantial global morbidity and mortality, global estimates have primarily been based on broad assumptions. Specific country data from low-income countries such as Nepal are limited. This review assessed primary evidence on chronic respiratory disease burden among adults in Nepal. A systematic search was performed in June 2019 (updated May 2020) for studies through nine databases. High levels of heterogeneity deemed a narrative synthesis appropriate. Among 27 eligible studies identified, most were low-moderate quality with cross-sectional and retrospective study design. Chronic lung diseases identified were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiectasis and restrictive lung diseases. Studies were categorised as: (i) community-based, (ii) hospital-based and (iii) comorbidity-related and disease burden. Reported disease prevalence varied widely (COPD, 1.67-14.3%; asthma, 4.2-8.9%). The prevalence of airflow obstruction was higher among rural dwellers (15.8%) and those exposed to household air pollution from domestic biomass burning as opposed to liquid petroleum gas users (Odds Ratio: 2.06). Several comorbidities, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus added to the disease burden. The review shows limited literature on lung disease burden in Nepal. Publications varied in terms of overall quality. Good quality research studies with prospective cohorts related to respiratory conditions are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winifred Ekezie
- NIHR Nottingham BRC Respiratory Theme, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alex Robert Jenkins
- NIHR Nottingham BRC Respiratory Theme, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Philip Hall
- NIHR Nottingham BRC Respiratory Theme, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Catrin Evans
- Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rajendra Koju
- Department of Medicine, Dhulikhel Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Om Prakash Kurmi
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Charlotte Emma Bolton
- NIHR Nottingham BRC Respiratory Theme, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mir H, Koul PA, Bhat D, Shah ZA. A case-control study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter polymorphism and its serum levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Kashmir, North India. Lung India 2020; 37:204-209. [PMID: 32367841 PMCID: PMC7353946 DOI: 10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_477_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Data about polymorphism in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and its serum levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are conflicting. We aimed to evaluate the association of TNF-α-308 G > A polymorphism in patients with COPD in Kashmir (North India), a high burden area and also determined the serum TNF-α levels in these patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred spirometrically confirmed COPD patients and 163 controls resident from Kashmir valley (North India) were recruited. Genotyping of the promoter region of TNF-α was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The serum TNF-α was quantified using the Cytometric Bead Array flex system by flow cytometry. Results were subjected to appropriate statistical treatment and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Ninety-one COPD patients (91%) had G/G (wild homozygous) genotype and nine patients (9%) had G/A (heterozygous) genotype. Among the control population, 150 (92%) had G/G genotype and 13 (8%) had G/A genotype. The variant allele “A” was not detected in either of the two groups. Serum levels of TNF-α were significantly higher in patients compared to control group (8.0 ± 10.1 pg/ml vs. 3.3 ± 0.42 pg/ml, respectively, P = 0.0001). Conclusion: While serum levels of TNF-α are higher in COPD patients compared to the controls, there was no difference in the prevalence of TNF-α-308 polymorphism in the ethnic Kashmiri population with COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyder Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad Koul
- Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Dilafroze Bhat
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Zaffar Amin Shah
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bherwani H, Nair M, Musugu K, Gautam S, Gupta A, Kapley A, Kumar R. Valuation of air pollution externalities: comparative assessment of economic damage and emission reduction under COVID-19 lockdown. AIR QUALITY, ATMOSPHERE, & HEALTH 2020; 13:683-694. [PMID: 32837611 PMCID: PMC7286556 DOI: 10.1007/s11869-020-00845-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution (AP) is one of the major causes of health risks as it leads to widespread morbidity and mortality each year. Its environmental impacts include acid rains, reduced visibility, but more importantly and significantly, it affects human health. The price tag of not managing AP is seen in the rise of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cardiovascular disease, and respiratory ailments like asthma and chronic bronchitis. But as the world battles the corona pandemic, COVID-19 lockdown has abruptly halted human activity, leading to a significant reduction in AP levels. The effect of this reduction is captured by reduced cases of morbidity and mortality associated with air pollution. The current study aims to monetarily quantify the decline in health impacts due to reduced AP levels under lockdown scenario, as against business as usual, for four cities-Delhi, London, Paris, and Wuhan. The exposure assessment with respect to pollutants like particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), NO2, and SO2 are evaluated. Value of statistical life (VSL), cost of illness (CoI), and per capita income (PCI) for disability-adjusted life years (DALY) are used to monetize the health impacts for the year 2019 and 2020, considering the respective period of COVID-19 lockdown of four cities. The preventive benefits related to reduced AP due to lockdown is evaluated in comparison to economic damage sustained by these four cities. This helps in understanding the magnitude of actual damage and brings out a more holistic picture of the damages related to lockdown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Bherwani
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Moorthy Nair
- Asian Development Research Institute (ADRI), Patna, Bihar India
| | - Kavya Musugu
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
| | - Sneha Gautam
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Ankit Gupta
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Atya Kapley
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, Maharashtra India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| |
Collapse
|