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Sandoval A, Duran P, Corzo-López A, Fernández-Gallardo M, Muñoz-Herrera D, Leyva-Leyva M, González-Ramírez R, Felix R. The role of voltage-gated calcium channels in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:452-461. [PMID: 35993158 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2115905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channels play an essential role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and regulating numerous physiological processes in neurons. Therefore, dysregulation of calcium signaling is relevant in many neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). This review aims to introduce the role of CaV channels in PD and discuss some novel aspects of channel regulation and its impact on the molecular pathophysiology of the disease. Methods: an exhaustive search of the literature in the field was carried out using the PubMed database of The National Center for Biotechnology Information. Systematic searches were performed from the initial date of publication to May 2022. Results: Although α-synuclein aggregates are the main feature of PD, L-type calcium (CaV1) channels seem to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of PD. Changes in the functional expression of CaV1.3 channels alter Calcium homeostasis and contribute to the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, recent studies suggest that CaV channel trafficking towards the cell membrane depends on the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). In PD, there is an increase in the expression of L-type channels associated with a decrease in the expression of Parkin, an E3 enzyme of the UPS. Therefore, a link between Parkin and CaV channels could play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of PD and, as such, could be a potentially attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: The study of alterations in the functional expression of CaV channels will provide a framework to understand better the neurodegenerative processes that occur in PD and a possible path toward identifying new therapeutic targets to treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sandoval
- School of Medicine FES Iztacala, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Paz Duran
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Corzo-López
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Muñoz-Herrera
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Margarita Leyva-Leyva
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, "Dr. Manuel Gea González" General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo González-Ramírez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Histocompatibility, "Dr. Manuel Gea González" General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Felix
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Mexico City, Mexico
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2
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Calmodulin variant E140G associated with long QT syndrome impairs CaMKIIδ autophosphorylation and L-type calcium channel inactivation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102777. [PMID: 36496072 PMCID: PMC9830374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a human inherited heart condition that can cause life-threatening arrhythmia including sudden cardiac death. Mutations in the ubiquitous Ca2+-sensing protein calmodulin (CaM) are associated with LQTS, but the molecular mechanism by which these mutations lead to irregular heartbeats is not fully understood. Here, we use a multidisciplinary approach including protein biophysics, structural biology, confocal imaging, and patch-clamp electrophysiology to determine the effect of the disease-associated CaM mutation E140G on CaM structure and function. We present novel data showing that mutant-regulated CaMKIIδ kinase activity is impaired with a significant reduction in enzyme autophosphorylation rate. We report the first high-resolution crystal structure of a LQTS-associated CaM variant in complex with the CaMKIIδ peptide, which shows significant structural differences, compared to the WT complex. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the E140G mutation significantly disrupted Cav1.2 Ca2+/CaM-dependent inactivation, while cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) activity remained unaffected. In addition, we show that the LQTS-associated mutation alters CaM's Ca2+-binding characteristics, secondary structure content, and interaction with key partners involved in excitation-contraction coupling (CaMKIIδ, Cav1.2, RyR2). In conclusion, LQTS-associated CaM mutation E140G severely impacts the structure-function relationship of CaM and its regulation of CaMKIIδ and Cav1.2. This provides a crucial insight into the molecular factors contributing to CaM-mediated arrhythmias with a central role for CaMKIIδ.
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Angelini M, Pezhouman A, Savalli N, Chang MG, Steccanella F, Scranton K, Calmettes G, Ottolia M, Pantazis A, Karagueuzian HS, Weiss JN, Olcese R. Suppression of ventricular arrhythmias by targeting late L-type Ca2+ current. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212725. [PMID: 34698805 PMCID: PMC8552156 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular arrhythmias, a leading cause of sudden cardiac death, can be triggered by cardiomyocyte early afterdepolarizations (EADs). EADs can result from an abnormal late activation of L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs). Current LTCC blockers (class IV antiarrhythmics), while effective at suppressing EADs, block both early and late components of ICa,L, compromising inotropy. However, computational studies have recently demonstrated that selective reduction of late ICa,L (Ca2+ influx during late phases of the action potential) is sufficient to potently suppress EADs, suggesting that effective antiarrhythmic action can be achieved without blocking the early peak ICa,L, which is essential for proper excitation–contraction coupling. We tested this new strategy using a purine analogue, roscovitine, which reduces late ICa,L with minimal effect on peak current. Scaling our investigation from a human CaV1.2 channel clone to rabbit ventricular myocytes and rat and rabbit perfused hearts, we demonstrate that (1) roscovitine selectively reduces ICa,L noninactivating component in a human CaV1.2 channel clone and in ventricular myocytes native current, (2) the pharmacological reduction of late ICa,L suppresses EADs and EATs (early after Ca2+ transients) induced by oxidative stress and hypokalemia in isolated myocytes, largely preserving cell shortening and normal Ca2+ transient, and (3) late ICa,L reduction prevents/suppresses ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in ex vivo rabbit and rat hearts subjected to hypokalemia and/or oxidative stress. These results support the value of an antiarrhythmic strategy based on the selective reduction of late ICa,L to suppress EAD-mediated arrhythmias. Antiarrhythmic therapies based on this idea would modify the gating properties of CaV1.2 channels rather than blocking their pore, largely preserving contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Angelini
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Arash Pezhouman
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Nicoletta Savalli
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marvin G Chang
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Federica Steccanella
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kyle Scranton
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Guillaume Calmettes
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Michela Ottolia
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,University of California, Los Angeles Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Antonios Pantazis
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Hrayr S Karagueuzian
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - James N Weiss
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Riccardo Olcese
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,University of California, Los Angeles Cardiovascular Theme, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts antiarrhythmic effects by inhibiting I Na and I CaL in rabbit ventricular myocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20425. [PMID: 31892729 PMCID: PMC6938504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57010-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb1 exerts its pharmacological action by regulating sodium, potassium and calcium ion channels in the membranes of nerve cells. These ion channels are also present in cardiomyocytes, but no studies have been reported to date regarding the effects of Rb1 on cardiac sodium currents (INa), L-type calcium currents (ICaL) and action potentials (APs). Additionally, the antiarrhythmic potential of Rb1 has not been assessed. In this study, we used a whole-cell patch clamp technique to assess the effect of Rb1 on these ion channels. The results showed that Rb1 inhibited INa and ICaL, reduced the action potential amplitude (APA) and maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax), and shortened the action potential duration (APD) in a concentration-dependent manner but had no effect on the inward rectifier potassium current (IK1), delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) or resting membrane potential (RMP). We also designed a pathological model at the cellular and organ level to verify the role of Rb1. The results showed that Rb1 abolished high calcium-induced delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs), depressed the increase in intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), relieved calcium overload and protected cardiomyocytes. Rb1 can also reduce the occurrence of ventricular premature beats (VPBs) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) in ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury.
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