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Dotsenko A, Denisenko J, Zorov I, Wasserman L, Semenova M, Korolev A, Rozhkova A, Sinitsyn A. Single substitution in α-helix of active center enhanced thermostability of Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 119:108381. [PMID: 36473387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exo-inulinases are applied in inulin hydrolysis and production of feed additives and need to be stable at temperatures of 60-95 °C. Aspergillus awamori exo-inulinase Inu1 is considerably thermostable, with a Tm of 73.2 °C. However, the thermostability of the enzyme should be improved. A single substitution G338A in α-helix in the active center of the enzyme provided a 3.5 °C improvement in Tm. The time of half-life at 70 °C and 80 °C was increased in 5.7- and 2.7-times, respectively, compared to wild-type. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the substitution G338A caused a decrease in RMSF not only for the α-helix 337-YAANI-341, but also for the catalytically active residues D41 and E241 and the amino acid residues forming the cleft of the active center. Calculations with Constraint Network Analysis for the variant G338A showed the increase in the stability of intramolecular clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Dotsenko
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Jury Denisenko
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Ivan Zorov
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia; Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Luybov Wasserman
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics RAS, Moscow, 119334, Russia.
| | - Margarita Semenova
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Andrei Korolev
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Aleksandra Rozhkova
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia; Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Arkady Sinitsyn
- FSI Federal Research Centre Fundamentals of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia; Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Partial purification and characterization of Aspergillus niger inulinase produced from sugar-beet molasses in the shaking incubator and stirred-tank bioreactors. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3789-3799. [PMID: 32910957 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to purify Aspergillus niger inulinase produced from sugar-beet molasses in the shaking incubator (100 mL) and stirred-tank bioreactors (5-L and 30-L) by using some downstream processes and to determine enzyme kinetics and characterization. The results showed that the best centrifuge-time combination was 16,873 ×g-5 min with the purification coefficient of 1.4. Besides, with the ultrafiltration process, the inulinase activities yielded using the shaking incubator, pH-controlled/uncontrolled small-scale bioreactors, and large-scale bioreactor were increased from 1101.3, 2079.2, 1561.3, and 787.5 U/mL to 12,065.2, 21,789.0, 11,296.9, and 2948.1 U/mL with purification coefficients of 5.33, 1.38, 1.46, and 1.67, respectively. Additionally, for the inulinase from shaking incubator and pH-uncontrolled bioreactor, the values of Km for inulin and sucrose were 17.8 and 49.4 mg/mL and 28.8 and 25.9 mg/mL, respectively. As the enzyme amount added to the substrate increased, the activity also increased. Mn2+ is the activator of the enzyme, and Cu2+ and Ag+ are inhibitors of the enzyme. The molecular weight of inulinase has been determined to be between 60 and 70 kDa. Consequently, this study ensures valuable and significant information about the purification and characterization of inulinase for industrial implementations.
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Germec M, Gürler HN, Ozcan A, Erkan SB, Karahalil E, Turhan I. Medium optimization and kinetic modeling for the production of Aspergillus niger inulinase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 43:217-232. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02219-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Germec M, Turhan I. Evaluation of carbon sources for the production of inulinase by Aspergillus niger A42 and its characterization. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1993-2005. [PMID: 31414183 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02192-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Inulinases are used for the production of high-fructose syrup and fructooligosaccharides, and are widely utilized in food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, different carbon sources were screened for inulinase production by Aspergillus niger in shake flask fermentation. Optimum working conditions of the enzyme were determined. Additionally, some properties of produced enzyme were determined [activation (Ea)/inactivation (Eia) energies, Q10 value, inactivation rate constant (kd), half-life (t1/2), D value, Z value, enthalpy (ΔH), free energy (ΔG), and entropy (ΔS)]. Results showed that sugar beet molasses (SBM) was the best in the production of inulinase, which gave 383.73 U/mL activity at 30 °C, 200 rpm and initial pH 5.0 for 10 days with 2% (v/v) of the prepared spore solution. Optimum working conditions were 4.8 pH, 60 °C, and 10 min, which yielded 604.23 U/mL, 1.09 inulinase/sucrase ratio, and 2924.39 U/mg. Additionally, Ea and Eia of inulinase reaction were 37.30 and 112.86 kJ/mol, respectively. Beyond 60 °C, Q10 values of inulinase dropped below one. At 70 and 80 °C, t1/2 of inulinase was 33.6 and 7.2 min; therefore, inulinase is unstable at high temperatures, respectively. Additionally, t1/2, D, ΔH, ΔG values of inulinase decreased with the increase in temperature. Z values of inulinase were 7.21 °C. Negative values of ΔS showed that enzymes underwent a significant process of aggregation during denaturation. Consequently, SBM is a promising carbon source for inulinase production by A. niger. Also, this is the first report on the determination of some properties of A. niger A42 (ATCC 204,447) inulinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Germec
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Irfan Turhan
- Department of Food Engineering, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
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Abdullatypov AV, Kondratyev MS, Holyavka MG, Artyukhov VG. Reconstruction of the spatial structure of inulinase from Kluyveromyces marxianus to find regulatory pathways of its catalytic activity. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350916040023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Chen M, Lei X, Chen C, Zhang S, Xie J, Wei D. Cloning, Overexpression, and Characterization of a Highly Active Endoinulinase Gene from Aspergillus fumigatus Cl1 for Production of Inulo-Oligosaccharides. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1153-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1296-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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He M, Wu D, Wu J, Chen J. Enhanced expression of endoinulinase from Aspergillus niger by codon optimization in Pichia pastoris and its application in inulooligosaccharide production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:105-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-013-1341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In the present study, the endoinulinase gene (EnInu) from Aspergillus niger CICIM F0620 was optimized according to the codon usage of Pichia pastoris and both the native and the optimized gene were expressed in P. pastoris. Use of the optimized gene resulted in the secretion of recombinant endoinulinase activity that reached 1,349 U ml−1, 4.18 times that observed using the native gene. This is the highest endoinulinase activity reported to date. The recombinant enzyme was optimally active at pH 6.0 and 60 °C. Moreover, inulooligosaccharides production from inulin was studied using the recombinant enzyme produced from the optimized gene. After 8 h under optimal conditions, which included 400 g l−1 inulin, an enzyme concentration of 40 U g−1 substrate, 50 °C and pH 6.0, the inulooligosaccharide yield was 91 %. The high substrate concentration and short reaction time described here should reduce production costs distinctly, compared with the conditions used in previous studies. Thus, this study may provide the basis for the industrial use of this recombinant endoinulinase for the production of inulooligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao He
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Wu
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
- grid.258151.a 0000000107081323 School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Ave 214122 Wuxi People’s Republic of China
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Molecular and biochemical characterization of a new endoinulinase producing bacterial strain of Bacillus safensis AS-08. Biologia (Bratisl) 2013. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-013-0259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pouyez J, Mayard A, Vandamme AM, Roussel G, Perpète EA, Wouters J, Housen I, Michaux C. First crystal structure of an endo-inulinase, INU2, from Aspergillus ficuum: Discovery of an extra-pocket in the catalytic domain responsible for its endo-activity. Biochimie 2012; 94:2423-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2012.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of an inulinase gene from an Aspergillus sp. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Enhanced expression of heterologous inulinase in Kluyveromyces lactis by disruption of hap1 gene. Biotechnol Lett 2009; 32:507-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-009-0182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Revised: 11/20/2009] [Accepted: 11/23/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Optimization of inulin hydrolysis by inulinase accounting for enzyme time- and temperature-dependent deactivation. Biochem Eng J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ricca E, Calabrò V, Curcio S, Iorio G. The state of the art in the production of fructose from inulin enzymatic hydrolysis. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2008; 27:129-45. [PMID: 17849258 DOI: 10.1080/07388550701503477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present work reviews the main advancements achieved in the last decades in the study of the fructose production process by inulin enzymatic hydrolysis. With the aim of collecting and clarifying the majority of the knowledge in this area, the research on this subject has been divided in three main parts: a) the characteristics of inulin (the process reactant); b) the properties of the enzyme inulinase and its hydrolytic action; c) the advances in the study of the applications of inulinases in bioreactors for fructose production. Many vegetable sources of inulin are reported, including information about their yields in terms of inulin. The properties of inulin that appear relevant for the process are also summarized, with reference to their vegetable origin. The characteristics of the inulinase enzyme that catalyzes inulin hydrolysis, together with the most relevant information for a correct process design and implementation, are described in the paper. An extended collection of data on microorganisms capable of producing inulinase is reported. The following characteristics and properties of inulinase are highlighted: molecular weight, mode of action, activity and stability with respect to changes in temperature and pH, kinetic behavior and effect of inhibitors. The paper describes in detail the main aspects of the enzyme hydrolysis reaction; in particular, how enzyme and reactant properties can affect process performance. The properties of inulinase immobilized on various supports are shown and compared to those of the enzyme in its native state. Finally, a number of applications of free and immobilized inulinases and whole cells in bioreactors are reported, showing the different operating procedures and reactor types adopted for fructose production from inulin on a laboratory scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Ricca
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Moriyama S, Ohta K. Functional characterization and evolutionary implication of the internal 157-amino-acid sequence of an exoinulinase from Penicillium sp. strain TN-88. J Biosci Bioeng 2007; 103:293-7. [PMID: 17502268 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.103.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2006] [Accepted: 12/27/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An extracellular exoinulinase from the filamentous fungus Penicillium sp. strain TN-88 has a 14-fold higher specific activity of 743 U/mg toward inulin than its equivalent from the Aspergillus niger strain 12 and possesses an internal 157-amino-acid sequence whose corresponding region is absent in the A. niger enzyme. On the basis of sequence alignment, the internal region D' encoding the 157-amino-acid sequence in the Penicillium exoinulinase gene inuD cDNA was inserted into the site between the nucleotides 897 and 898 of the A. niger exoinulinase gene inuE cDNA. The resultant inuE::D' fusion was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris. The K(m) value of the secreted hybrid enzyme InuE::D' for inulin hydrolysis was about 1/15 that of the A. niger InuE, whereas its k(cat) value did not differ greatly from that of the InuE. These observations indicate that the Penicillium exoinulinase has evolved by the horizontal transfer and integration of a relevant DNA segment and that the internal sequence D' functions as an additional noncatalytic inulin-affinity region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Moriyama S, Muguruma M, Ohta K. Quantitative expression analysis of inulinase gene cluster of Penicillium sp. strain TN-88. J Biosci Bioeng 2006; 101:277-9. [PMID: 16716932 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.101.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2005] [Accepted: 12/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The filamentous fungus Penicillium sp. strain TN-88 carries the endoinulinase gene inuC and the exoinulinase gene inuD that are linked head-to-head on the genome and divergently transcribed from an 859-bp intergenic region [Moriyama et al., Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 66, 1887-1896 (2002)]. Quantitative real-time PCR amplification revealed that the transcription levels of the inuC and inuD genes increased 42- and 3260-fold in inulin-grown mycelia, respectively. Sucrose as well as fructose did not induce the expression of the inuC or inuD gene at all. The levels of inuC and inuD transcripts in mycelia grown on the glucose/inulin mixture were both below their basal levels in glucose-grown mycelia. Thus, glucose exerts a strong carbon catabolite repression on the expression of the two genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Moriyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen Kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
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Shiomi N, Benkeblia N, Onodera S. The Metabolism of the Fructooligosaccharides in Onion Bulbs: A Comprehensive Review. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2005. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.52.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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