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Baniya MK, Kim EH, Chun KS. Terfenadine, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, induces apoptosis by suppressing STAT3 signaling in human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1418266. [PMID: 38939837 PMCID: PMC11208689 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1418266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Colorectal cancer is a highly aggressive and metastatic cancer with inadequate clinical outcomes. Given the crucial role of histamine and histamine receptors in colorectal carcinogenesis, this study aimed at exploring the anticancer effects of terfenadine against colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and elucidate its underlying mechanism. Methods Herein, we examined the effect of terfenadine on growth and proliferation of HCT116 cells in vitro and in vivo. Various experimental techniques such as flow cytometry, western blot, immunoprecipitation, luciferase assay were employed to unveil the mechanism of cell death triggered by terfenadine. Results Terfenadine markedly attenuated the viability of HCT116 cells by abrogating histamine H1 receptor (H1R) signaling. In addition, terfenadine modulated the balance of Bax and Bcl-2, triggering cytochrome c discharge in the cytoplasm, thereby stimulating the caspase cascade and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) degradation. Moreover, terfenadine suppressed murine double minute-2 (Mdm2) expression, whereas p53 expression increased. Terfenadine suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation and expression of its gene products by inhibiting MEK/ERK and JAK2 activation in HCT116 cells. Furthermore, treatment with U0126, a MEK inhibitor, and AG490, a JAK2 inhibitor, dramatically diminished the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and JAK2, respectively, leading to STAT3 downregulation. Likewise, terfenadine diminished the complex formation of MEK1/2 with β-arrestin 2. In addition, terfenadine dwindled the phosphorylation of PKC substrates. Terfenadine administration (10 mg/kg) substantially retarded the growth of HCT116 tumor xenografts in vivo. Conclusion Terfenadine induces the apoptosis of HCT116 cells by abrogating STAT3 signaling. Overall, this study supports terfenadine as a prominent anticancer therapy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eun-Hee Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Soo Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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2
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Naima J, Ohta Y. Potassium Ions Decrease Mitochondrial Matrix pH: Implications for ATP Production and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1233. [PMID: 38279231 PMCID: PMC10815940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is the most abundant cation in the cytosol and is maintained at high concentrations within the mitochondrial matrix through potassium channels. However, many effects of K+ at such high concentrations on mitochondria and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate these effects and mechanisms by employing fluorescence imaging techniques to distinguish and precisely measure signals inside and outside the mitochondria. We stained the mitochondrial matrix with fluorescent dyes sensitive to K+, pH, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and membrane potential in plasma membrane-permeabilized C6 cells and isolated mitochondria from C6 cells. Fluorescence microscopy facilitated the accurate measurement of fluorescence intensity inside and outside the matrix. Increasing extramitochondrial K+ concentration from 2 mM to 127 mM led to a reduction in matrix pH and a decrease in the generation of highly reactive ROS. In addition, elevated K+ levels electrically polarized the inner membrane of the mitochondria and promoted efficient ATP synthesis via FoF1-ATPase. Introducing protons (H+) into the matrix through phosphate addition led to further mitochondrial polarization, and this effect was more pronounced in the presence of K+. K+ at high concentrations, reaching sub-hundred millimolar levels, increased H+ concentration within the matrix, suppressing ROS generation and boosting ATP synthesis. Although this study does not elucidate the role of specific types of potassium channels in mitochondria, it does suggest that mitochondrial K+ plays a beneficial role in maintaining cellular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan;
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3
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Li W, Wu M, Li Y, Shen J. Reactive nitrogen species as therapeutic targets for autophagy/mitophagy modulation to relieve neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis: Potential application for drug discovery. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:37-51. [PMID: 37532065 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with limited therapeutic effects, eventually developing into handicap. Seeking novel therapeutic strategies for MS is timely important. Active autophagy/mitophagy could mediate neurodegeneration, while its roles in MS remain controversial. To elucidate the exact roles of autophagy/mitophagy and reveal its in-depth regulatory mechanisms, we conduct a systematic literature study and analyze the factors that might be responsible for divergent results obtained. The dynamic change levels of autophagy/mitophagy appear to be a determining factor for final neuron fate during MS pathology. Excessive neuronal autophagy/mitophagy contributes to neurodegeneration after disease onset at the active MS phase. Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) serve as key regulators for redox-related modifications and participate in autophagy/mitophagy modulation in MS. Nitric oxide (•NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), two representative RNS, could nitrate or nitrosate Drp1/parkin/PINK1 pathway, activating excessive mitophagy and aggravating neuronal injury. Targeting RNS-mediated excessive autophagy/mitophagy could be a promising strategy for developing novel anti-MS drugs. In this review, we highlight the important roles of RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy in neuronal injury and review the potential therapeutic compounds with the bioactivities of inhibiting RNS-mediated autophagy/mitophagy activation and attenuating MS progression. Overall, we conclude that reactive nitrogen species could be promising therapeutic targets to regulate autophagy/mitophagy for multiple sclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Yuzhen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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4
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Ahn D, Go RE, Choi KC. Oxygen consumption rate to evaluate mitochondrial dysfunction and toxicity in cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Res 2023; 39:333-339. [PMID: 37398565 PMCID: PMC10313613 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in the types and complexity of diseases has led to significant advances in diagnostic techniques and the availability of effective therapies. Recent studies have focused on the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Mitochondria are important organelles in cells that generate energy. Besides the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of cells, mitochondria are also involved in thermogenesis, control of intracellular calcium ions (Ca2+), apoptosis, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in several diseases including cancer, diabetes, some genetic diseases, and neurogenerative and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, the cardiomyocytes of the heart are rich in mitochondria due to the large energy requirement for optimal cardiac function. One of the main causes of cardiac tissue injuries is believed to be mitochondrial dysfunction, which occurs via complicated pathways which have not yet been completely elucidated. There are various types of mitochondrial dysfunction including mitochondrial morphological change, unbalanced levels of substances to maintain mitochondria, mitochondrial damage by drugs, and mitochondrial deletion and synthesis errors. Most of mitochondrial dysfunctions are linked with symptoms and diseases, thus we focus on parts of mitochondrial dysfunction about fission and fusion in cardiomyocytes, and ways to understand the mechanism of cardiomyocyte damage by detecting oxygen consumption levels in the mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohee Ahn
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Ryeo-Eun Go
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644 Republic of Korea
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Heineman BD, Liu X, Wu GY. Targeted Mitochondrial Delivery to Hepatocytes: A Review. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:321-328. [PMID: 35528979 PMCID: PMC9039707 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in mitochondria are responsible for various genetic and acquired diseases. Mitochondrial transplantation, a method that involves introduction of healthy donor mitochondria into cells with dysfunctional mitochondria, could offer a novel approach to treat such diseases. Some studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefit of mitochondrial transplantation and targeted delivery in vivo and in vitro within hepatocytes and the liver. This review discusses the issues regarding isolation and delivery of mitochondria to hepatocytes and the liver, and examines the existing literature in order to elucidate the utility and practicality of mitochondrial transplantation in the treatment of liver disease. Studies reviewed demonstrate that mitochondrial uptake could specifically target hepatocytes, address the challenge of non-specific localization of donor mitochondria, and provide evidence of changes in liver function following injection of mitochondria into mouse and rat disease models. While potential benefits and advantages of mitochondrial transplantation are evident, more research is needed to determine the practicality of mitochondrial transplantation for the treatment of genetic and acquired liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brent D. Heineman
- Correspondence to: Brent D. Heineman, 8 Talcott Forest Rd, Farmington Apt. M, Farmington, CT 06032, USA. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3867-1216. Tel: +1-860-986-2943, Fax: +1-860-679-6582, E-mail:
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Profiling of In Vitro Bioaccessibility and Intestinal Uptake of Flavonoids after Consumption of Commonly Available Green Tea Types. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061518. [PMID: 33802142 PMCID: PMC7999519 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to profile the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption of epicatechins and flavonols in different forms of green tea and its formulation: loose leaf tea, powdered tea, 35% catechins containing GTE, and GTE formulated with green tea-derived polysaccharide and flavonols (CATEPLUS™). The bioaccessibillity and intestinal absorption of epicatechins and flavonols was investigated by using an in vitro digestion model system with Caco-2 cells. The bioaccessibility of total epicatechins in loose leaf tea, powdered tea, GTE, and CATEPLUS™ was 1.27%, 2.30%, 22.05%, and 18.72%, respectively, showing that GTE and CATEPLUS™ had significantly higher bioaccessibility than powdered tea and loose leaf tea. None of the flavonols were detected in powdered tea and loose leaf tea, but the bioaccessibility of the total flavonols in GTE and CATEPLUS™ was 85.74% and 66.98%, respectively. The highest intestinal absorption of epicatechins was found in CATEPLUS™ (171.39 ± 5.39 ng/mg protein) followed by GTE (57.38 ± 9.31), powdered tea (3.60 ± 0.67), and loose leaf tea (2.94 ± 1.03). The results from the study suggest that formulating green tea extracts rich in catechins with second components obtained from green tea processing could enhance the bioavailability of epicatechins.
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Liu X, Khouri-Farah N, Wu CH, Wu GY. Targeted delivery of mitochondria to the liver in rats. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:2241-2247. [PMID: 32386240 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Mitochondrial damage is commonly involved in liver injury. We have previously shown that normal mitochondria can be coated with a carrier protein to form complexes that are specifically taken up by liver cells in culture. The aim of the current study was to determine whether mitochondrial complexes could be specifically delivered to the livers of living rats by intravenous injection. METHODS Mitochondria were harvested from fresh mouse liver, mixed with an asialoglycoprotein-based carrier, asialoorosomucoid-polylysine (AsOR-PL), and purified to form complexes. To facilitate the release of internalized mitochondria from endosomes, an endosomolytic peptide, listeriolysin O (LLO), was coupled to AsOR to form AsOR-LLO. Mitochondria alone, mitochondrial complexes with AsOR-PL, and mitochondrial complexes plus AsOR-LLO conjugate all containing the same number of mitochondria were injected intravenously. Animals were killed, and organs were removed and analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction of mouse mitochondrial DNA, electron microscopy (EM), and in situ polymerase chain reaction and hybridization followed by immunohistochemical analyses. RESULTS Calculations revealed that approximately 27% of the total injected mitochondria was detected in the liver, while less than 2% was found in spleen, and < 1% in lungs. Immunohistochemistry showed that mouse mitochondrial DNA staining was minimal with mitochondrial complexes alone, strong periportal with mitochondrial complexes co-injected with AsOR-LLO, and absent with mitochondria alone. CONCLUSIONS Targetable mitochondrial complexes can be delivered to rat liver, and the efficiency of that process is greatly enhanced by co-injection of a targetable endosomal release agent, AsOR-LLO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nagham Khouri-Farah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Catherine H Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - George Y Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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8
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Banerjee S, Mukherjee S, Mitra S, Singhal P. Comparative Evaluation of Mitochondrial Antioxidants in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders. Kurume Med J 2020; 66:15-27. [PMID: 32378537 DOI: 10.2739/kurumemedj.ms661009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Various endogenous mitochondria-associated antioxidants protect mitochondria from oxidative stresses such as Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2), Catalase, Glutaredoxin 2 (GLRX2), educed Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), and Thioredoxin 2 (TXN2). They protect mitochondria from Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Excess ROS causes mitochondrial DNA damage and respiratory chain dysfunction leading to carcinogenesis. In an earlier study we found complex alterations of mitochondrial antioxidants in different stages of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we profiled mitochondrial antioxidants in different oral potentially malignant disorders such as oral leukoplakia (OL), oral lichen planus (OLP), and oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF). Mitochondria was prepared from oral tissues from OL, OLP, and OSMF patients. Biochemical assays and immunoblotting were performed to investigate expression of various mitochondrial antioxidants. Catalase was expressed as Control> OL > OSMF > OLP. GLRX 2 was expressed as OLP> OL >Control >OSMF. GPX1 and GPX4 were expressed as Control >OSMF> OLP > OL. GSH increased in OL and OSMP, but decreased in OLP. SOD2 was expressed as Control >OSMF> OLP > OL. PRX3 was expressed as OL > OLP > OSMF > Control. TXN2 expression was nearly the same in all groups except OL, which showed elevated expression. We conclude that endogenous mitochondria-associated antioxidants show different levels of expressions in various oral potentially malignant disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumita Banerjee
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Dental College, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Sanjib Mitra
- Department of Oral Pathology, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital
| | - Pallav Singhal
- AL-FALAH School of Medical Sciences and Research Center, AL- Falah University
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Halpern M, Brennand KJ, Gregory J. Examining the relationship between astrocyte dysfunction and neurodegeneration in ALS using hiPSCs. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 132:104562. [PMID: 31381978 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex and fatal neurodegenerative disease for which the causes of disease onset and progression remain unclear. Recent advances in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-based models permit the study of the genetic factors associated with ALS in patient-derived neural cell types, including motor neurons and glia. While astrocyte dysfunction has traditionally been thought to exacerbate disease progression, astrocytic dysfunction may play a more direct role in disease initiation and progression. Such non-cell autonomous mechanisms expand the potential targets of therapeutic intervention, but only a handful of ALS risk-associated genes have been examined for their impact on astrocyte dysfunction and neurodegeneration. This review summarizes what is currently known about astrocyte function in ALS and suggests ways in which hiPSC-based models can be used to more effectively study the role of astrocytes in neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Halpern
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Kristen J Brennand
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Department of Genetics and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America.
| | - James Gregory
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY 10013, United States of America.
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The cysteine-reactive small molecule ebselen facilitates effective SOD1 maturation. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1693. [PMID: 29703933 PMCID: PMC5923229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) mutants, including those with unaltered enzymatic activity, are known to cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Several destabilizing factors contribute to pathogenicity including a reduced ability to complete the normal maturation process which comprises folding, metal cofactor acquisition, intra-subunit disulphide bond formation and dimerization. Immature SOD1 forms toxic oligomers and characteristic large insoluble aggregates within motor system cells. Here we report that the cysteine-reactive molecule ebselen efficiently confers the SOD1 intra-subunit disulphide and directs correct SOD1 folding, depopulating the globally unfolded precursor associated with aggregation and toxicity. Assisted formation of the unusual SOD1 cytosolic disulphide bond could have potential therapeutic applications. In less reducing environments, ebselen forms a selenylsulphide with Cys111 and restores the monomer–dimer equilibrium of A4V SOD1 to wild-type. Ebselen is therefore a potent bifunctional pharmacological chaperone for SOD1 that combines properties of the SOD1 chaperone hCCS and the recently licenced antioxidant drug, edaravone. Mutations in superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here the authors present the SOD1 crystal structure bound to the small cysteine-reactive molecule ebselen and show that ebselen is a chaperone for SOD1.
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Sun S, Zhang C, Gao J, Qin Q, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Yang X, Yang D, Yan H. Benzoquinone induces ROS-dependent mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:270-281. [PMID: 29506454 DOI: 10.1177/0748233717750983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzene exposure affects the hematopoietic system and leads to the occurrence of various types of leukemia and hematotoxicity. It has been confirmed that active metabolites of benzene, including 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ), can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in the bone marrow, and recent studies have also suggested that benzene exposure can affect mitochondrial function in both experimental animals and cell lines. However, the potential relationship among ROS production, mitochondrial damages, and subsequent apoptosis following benzene exposure has not been well studied in detail. In the present study, we utilized HL-60 cells, a well-characterized human myeloid cell line, as an in vitro model and examined the effects of 1,4-BQ on intracellular ROS formation, mitochondria damage, and the occurrence of apoptotic events with or without using the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). The results demonstrated that 1,4-BQ could dose-dependently induce production of ROS and mitochondrial damage as characterized by mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, mitochondrial ultrastructure alteration, and induced apoptosis and activated caspase-3 and caspase-9. Preincubation of HL-60 cells with NAC prior to 1,4-BQ treatment could block 1,4-BQ-induced production of ROS and the occurrence of apoptosis. These results demonstrated that 1,4-BQ induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells through a ROS-dependent mitochondrial-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqiang Sun
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahao Gao
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiongyu Qin
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaya Zhang
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Zhu
- 2 School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjun Yang
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongren Yang
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Yan
- 1 Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
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Feng J, Chen X, Shen J. Reactive nitrogen species as therapeutic targets for autophagy: implication for ischemic stroke. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:305-317. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1281250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
| | - Xingmiao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
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Metabolic profiling of antioxidant supplement with phytochemicals using plasma 1H NMR-based metabolomics in humans. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Son YR, Chung JH, Ko S, Shim SM. Combinational enhancing effects of formulation and encapsulation on digestive stability and intestinal transport of green tea catechins. J Microencapsul 2016; 33:183-90. [PMID: 26878684 DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2016.1144816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The hypothesis was that green tea catechins (GTCs) formulated with vitamin C and xylitol followed by enteric coating with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP) or encapsulated into γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) could enhance intestinal absorption of GTCs. Surface morphology and size obtained by SEM were different. Digestive stability of GTCs encapsulated into γ-CD or coated with HPMCP was enhanced up to 65.56% or 57.63%, respectively. When GTCs were formulated, the digestive stability was greater than the one not formulated. Formulated GTCs followed by encapsulation into γ-CD significantly increased intestinal transport. Absorption of GTCs was 2.8%, 9.64%, 11.97%, 8.41% and 14.36% for only GTCs, GTCs encapsulated into γ-CD, formulated GTCs encapsulated into γ-CD, GTCs coated with HPMCP and formulated GTCs coated with HPMCP, respectively. This study suggests that GTCs, formulated with vitamin C and xylitol followed by γ-CD encapsulation or HPMCP enteric coating, provide combinational effect to increase bioavailability of GTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ra Son
- a Department of Food Science & Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Chung
- a Department of Food Science & Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Ko
- a Department of Food Science & Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Mi Shim
- a Department of Food Science & Technology , Sejong University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Kang KA, Piao MJ, Madduma Hewage SRK, Ryu YS, Oh MC, Kwon TK, Chae S, Hyun JW. Fisetin induces apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in human non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9615-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Ross JM, Olson L, Coppotelli G. Mitochondrial and Ubiquitin Proteasome System Dysfunction in Ageing and Disease: Two Sides of the Same Coin? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19458-76. [PMID: 26287188 PMCID: PMC4581307 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and impairment of the ubiquitin proteasome system have been described as two hallmarks of the ageing process. Additionally, both systems have been implicated in the etiopathogenesis of many age-related diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Interestingly, these two systems are closely interconnected, with the ubiquitin proteasome system maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis by regulating organelle dynamics, the proteome, and mitophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction impairing cellular protein homeostasis by oxidative damage. Here, we review the current literature and argue that the interplay of the two systems should be considered in order to better understand the cellular dysfunction observed in ageing and age-related diseases. Such an approach may provide valuable insights into molecular mechanisms underlying the ageing process, and further discovery of treatments to counteract ageing and its associated diseases. Furthermore, we provide a hypothetical model for the heterogeneity described among individuals during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime M Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
| | - Giuseppe Coppotelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Retzius väg 8, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden.
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