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Wang L, Li Q, Xu C, Fu Y, Tang Y, Wang P, Zhang Z, Xia Y, Liu X, Cao J, Qiu S, Xue Y, Chen J, Wang Z. Phosphate-mediated degradation of organic pollutants in water with peroxymonosulfate revisited: Radical or non-radical oxidation? WATER RESEARCH 2024; 255:121519. [PMID: 38552488 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Whilst it is generally recognized that phosphate enables to promote the removal of some organic pollutants with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidation, however, there is an ongoing debate as to whether free radicals are involved. By integrating different methodologies, here we provide new insights into the reaction mechanism of the binary mixture of phosphates (i.e., NaH2PO4, Na2HPO3, and NaH2PO2) with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Enhanced degradation of organic pollutants and observation of 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO) adducts (i.e. DMPOOH and 5,5-dimethyl-2-oxopyrroline-1-oxyl (DMPOX)) with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) in most phosphates/PMS system seemly support a radical-dominant mechanism. However, fluorescence probe experiments confirm that no significant amount of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are produced in such reaction systems. PMS in the phosphate solutions (without any organics) remains relatively stable, but is only consumed while organic substrates are present, which is distinct from a typical radical-dominant Co2+/PMS system where PMS is continuously decomposed. Through density functional theory (DFT) calculation, the energy barriers of the phosphates/PMS reaction processes are greatly decreased when non-radical mechanism dominates. Complementary evidence suggests that the reactive intermediates of PMS-phosphate complex, rather than the free radicals, are capable of oxidizing electron-rich substrates such as DMPO and organic pollutants. Taking the case of phosphate/PMS system as an example, this study demonstrates the necessity of acquisition of lines of evidence for resolving paradoxes in identifying EPR adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qingchao Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chunxiao Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuqi Xia
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinhui Cao
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sifan Qiu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanna Xue
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jialin Chen
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial Eco-restoration in Metropolitan Area, Ministry of Natural Resources, 3663N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Shahidi F, Danielski R, Rhein SO, Meisel LA, Fuentes J, Speisky H, Schwember AR, de Camargo AC. Wheat and Rice beyond Phenolic Acids: Genetics, Identification Database, Antioxidant Properties, and Potential Health Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3283. [PMID: 36501323 PMCID: PMC9739071 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and rice play a vital role in human nutrition and food security. A better understanding of the potential health benefits associated with consuming these cereals, combined with studies by plant scientists and food chemists to view the entire food value chain from the field, pre and post-harvest processing, and subsequent "fork" consumption, may provide the necessary tools to optimize wheat and rice production towards the goal of better human health improvement and food security, providing tools to better adapt to the challenges associated with climate change. Since the available literature usually focuses on only one food chain segment, this narrative review was designed to address the identities and concentration of phenolics of these cereal crops from a farm-to-fork perspective. Wheat and rice genetics, phenolic databases, antioxidant properties, and potential health effects are summarized. These cereals contain much more than phenolic acids, having significant concentrations of flavonoids (including anthocyanins) and proanthocyanidins in a cultivar-dependent manner. Their potential health benefits in vitro have been extensively studied. According to a number of in vivo studies, consumption of whole wheat, wheat bran, whole rice, and rice bran may be strategies to improve health. Likewise, anthocyanin-rich cultivars have shown to be very promising as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Renan Danielski
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Samantha Ottani Rhein
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Lee A. Meisel
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Fuentes
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Hernan Speisky
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Andrés R. Schwember
- Departament of Plant Sciences, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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Krzemińska M, Owczarek A, Gonciarz W, Chmiela M, Olszewska MA, Grzegorczyk-Karolak I. The Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Potential of Phenolic Acids-Enriched Extract of Elicited Hairy Roots of Salvia bulleyana. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030992. [PMID: 35164257 PMCID: PMC8839693 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hairy root cultures are valuable sources of a range of phytochemicals. Among them, Salvia bulleyana root culture is a promising source of polyphenols, especially rosmarinic acid (RA), a phenolic acid depside with pleiotropic activity and a wide application in medicine and cosmetology. The aim of the study was to enhance the culture productivity by finding suitable elicitation protocol and to determine its biological potential in terms of antioxidant, anticancer and antimicrobial properties. The total content of phenols and the levels of particular constituents in root extracts were analyzed using HPLC-PDA. Among four elicitors tested (yeast extract; methyl jasmonate, MJA; trans-anethol; and cadmium chloride), MJA was found to be the most effective. The greatest boost in phenolic production (up to 124.4 mg/g dry weight) was observed after three-day treatment with MJA at 100 µM, with an almost 100% improvement compared to the controls (non-treated root culture). The hydromethanolic extract from the elicited culture exhibited strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 11.1 µg/mL, 6.5 µg/mL and 69.5 µg/mL for DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and superoxide anion radical, respectively. Moreover, in concentrations of 0.5–5 mg/mL the extract inhibited the growth of LoVo, AGS and HeLa cell lines, but was safe for the L929 cells up to the concentration of 5 mg/mL. The extract also exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity. Thus, the results confirmed that elicitation can be a beneficial strategy for increase the phenolic acid biosynthesis in hairy roots of S. bulleyana, and that such a highly productive culture can show significant biological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Krzemińska
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Owczarek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Weronika Gonciarz
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (W.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Magdalena Chmiela
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland; (W.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Monika A. Olszewska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland; (A.O.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Izabela Grzegorczyk-Karolak
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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Montano L, Maugeri A, Volpe MG, Micali S, Mirone V, Mantovani A, Navarra M, Piscopo M. Mediterranean Diet as a Shield against Male Infertility and Cancer Risk Induced by Environmental Pollutants: A Focus on Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031568. [PMID: 35163492 PMCID: PMC8836239 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of environmental factors in influencing health status is well documented. Heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, pesticides, ultrafine particles, produced by human activities put a strain on the body’s entire defense system. Therefore, together with public health measures, evidence-based individual resilience measures are necessary to mitigate cancer risk under environmental stress and to prevent reproductive dysfunction and non-communicable diseases; this is especially relevant for workers occupationally exposed to pollutants and/or populations residing in highly polluted areas. The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high intake of fruits and vegetables rich in flavonoids, that can promote the elimination of pollutants in tissues and fluids and/or mitigate their effects through different mechanisms. In this review, we collected evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies showing that the impairment of male fertility and gonadal development, as well as cancers of reproductive system, due to the exposure of organic and inorganic pollutants, may be counteracted by flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Montano
- Andrology Unit and Service of Lifestyle Medicine in UroAndrology, Local Health Authority (ASL), 84124 Salerno, Italy;
- PhD Program in Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
| | - Maria Grazia Volpe
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council, CNR, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Micali
- Urology Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy;
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Food, Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary public health, Italian National Health Institute, 00161 Roma, Italy;
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marina Piscopo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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Newair EF, Garcia F. Identification of adducts between oxidized rosmarinic acid and glutathione compounds by electrochemistry, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:286-297. [PMID: 34985052 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01699g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are omnipresent and are an integral part of the human diet as well as quinones. Glutathione (GSH) is present in a significant amount inside cells and consequently, GSH conjugates of polyphenols will be encountered in the body. In the current work, voltammetry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were carried out to characterize the reaction mechanism of the electrochemical oxidation of polyphenolic rosmarinic acid (RA) with GSH nucleophiles in aqueous solution. Electrochemical investigation of RA revealed that two consecutive transfer steps (which depend on pH) of two electrons and protons occur during the reversible oxidation of RA. Moreover, it was found that the first oxidation step is associated with the 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl lactic acid moiety, whereas the second oxidation step corresponds to the oxidation of the caffeic acid one. By using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-MS) in the negative ion mode, the oxidation pathways of RA in the presence of GSH were analyzed, and a total of four RA-GSH conjugates were identified. The oxidative degradation pathway of RA can be better apprehended and forecasted by the acquired results in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad F Newair
- Unit of Electrochemistry Applications (UEA), Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - François Garcia
- SPO, INRA, Montpellier Supagro, Montpellier University, UMR 1083, F-34060, Montpellier, France
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Ofoegbu SU. Comparative Gravimetric Studies on Carbon Steel Corrosion in Selected Fruit Juices and Acidic Chloride Media (HCl) at Different pH. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14164755. [PMID: 34443278 PMCID: PMC8400660 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Food contamination due to metal corrosion and the consequent leakage of metals into foods is a problem. Understanding the mechanism(s) of metal corrosion in food media is vital to evaluating, mitigating, and predicting contamination levels. Fruit juices have been employed as model corrosive media to study the corrosion behaviour of metallic material in food media. Carbon steel corrosion in fresh juices of tomato, orange, pineapple, and lemon, as well as dilute hydrochloric acid solutions at varied pH, was studied using scanning electron microscopy, gravimetric and spectrophotometric techniques, and comparisons made between the corrosivity of these juices and mineral acids of comparable pH. The corrosion of carbon steel in fruit juices and HCl solutions manifests as a combination of uniform and pitting corrosion. Gravimetric data acquired after one hour of immersion at ambient temperature (22 °C) indicated corrosion rates of 0.86 mm yr-1 in tomato juice (pH ≈ 4.24), 1.81 mm yr-1 in pineapple juice (pH ≈ 3.94), 1.52 mm yr-1 in orange juice (pH ≈ 3.58), and 2.89 mm yr-1 in lemon juice (pH ≈ 2.22), compared to 2.19 mm yr-1 in 10-2 M HCl (pH ≈ 2.04), 0.38 mm yr-1 in 10-3 M HCl (pH ≈ 2.95), 0.17 mm yr-1 in 10-4 M HCl (pH ≈ 3.95), and 0.04 mm yr-1 in 10-5 M HCl (pH ≈ 4.98). The correlation of gravimetrically acquired corrosion data with post-exposure spectrophotometric analysis of fruit juices enabled de-convolution of iron contamination rates from carbon steel corrosion rates in fruit juices. Elemental iron contamination after 50 h of exposure to steel samples was much less than the values predicted from corrosion data (≈40%, 4.02%, 8.37%, and 9.55% for tomato, pineapple, orange, and lemon juices, respectively, relative to expected values from corrosion (weight loss) data). Tomato juice (pH ≈ 4.24) was the least corrosive to carbon steel compared to orange juice (pH ≈ 3.58) and pineapple juice (pH ≈ 3.94). The results confirm that though the fruit juices are acidic, they are generally much less corrosive to carbon steel compared to hydrochloric acid solutions of comparable pH. Differences in the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in the juices and in the different mineral acid solutions are attributed to differences in the compositions and pH of the test media, the nature of the corrosion products formed, and their dissolution kinetics in the respective media. The observation of corrosion products (iron oxide/hydroxide) in some of the fruit juices (tomato, pineapple, and lemon juices) in the form of apparently hollow microspheres indicates the feasibility of using fruit juices and related wastes as "green solutions" for the room-temperature and hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide/hydroxide particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Udochukwu Ofoegbu
- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
- Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Chutoprapat R, Malilas W, Rakkaew R, Udompong S, Boonpisuttinant K. Collagen biosynthesis stimulation and anti-melanogenesis of bambara groundnut ( Vigna subterranea) extracts. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:1023-1031. [PMID: 32997567 PMCID: PMC7586725 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1822419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Bambara groundnut (BG), originally from Africa, is widely distributed in Asian countries, especially in southern Thailand, and is used for food and functional foods. There is no report on the use of BG for ethnomedicine or cosmetics. OBJECTIVE To investigate collagen biosynthesis stimulation and anti-melanogenesis of the BG extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS The hulls (H) and seeds (S) of BG were collected from Trang province, Thailand and extracted by Soxhlet (S) and maceration (M) using ethanol, and boiled with distilled-water (B). Total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents were quantified. The three antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition activities were determined by DPPH, FIC and FTC; and the modified dopachrome methods, respectively. The collagen biosynthesis and the anti-melanogenesis activities were investigated by Sirius-Red and the melanin content assay. RESULTS The yields of BG extracts ranged from 1.72% to 9.06%. The BG-SS extract gave the highest TPC and TFC. The BG-HM extract showed the highest antioxidant activities (SC50 of 0.87 ± 0.02 mg/mL, MC50 of 1.83 ± 0.09 mg/mL and LC50 of 0.70 ± 0.06 mg/mL), tyrosinase inhibition activity (IC50 of 0.45 ± 0.23 mg/mL), and anti-melanogenesis activities (72.9 ± 0.08%), whereas the BG-SB extract exhibited the highest stimulation of collagen biosynthesis (18.04 ± 0.03%). All BG extracts at 0.1 mg/mL showed no cytotoxicity on human dermal fibroblasts. DISCUSSION The biological activities of BG extracts might be from their phytochemicals, especially phenolic and flavonoid contents. CONCLUSION The BG-HB and BG-HM extracts might be promising novel active sources for anti-aging and whitening cosmeceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romchat Chutoprapat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Malilas
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Rattikarl Rakkaew
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai wisdom (INPTW), Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Sarinporn Udompong
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai wisdom (INPTW), Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Korawinwich Boonpisuttinant
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai wisdom (INPTW), Thai Traditional Medicine College, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, Thailand
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Ren H, Jin X, Li C, Li T, Liu Y, Zhou R. Rosmarinic acid enhanced Fe(III)-mediated Fenton oxidation removal of organic pollutants at near neutral pH. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 736:139528. [PMID: 32485373 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we reported that the presence of rosemary acid (RA) could strongly enhance the Fe(III)-mediated Fenton oxidation of 2,4-DCP as the model contaminant at near neutral pH. This enhancement was verified by the strong chelating and reducing ability of RA, which could prevent ion precipitation and accelerate the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle. Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance confirmed the existence and roles of hydroxyl radicals in the Fe3+/RA/H2O2 system. Lot size optimized experiments were executed to achieve efficient 2,4-DCP degradation (99.93%) under the optimum conditions of 100 μmol/L Fe3+, 100 μmol l/L RA and 8 mmol/L H2O2 within 60 min. In addition, co-existing metal ions, inorganic anions and natural organic matters were proved that they could inhibit removal efficiency and rate at varying degrees. Total organic carbon and chloride ion measurements were employed to probe the mineralization of organic matters (including RA and 2,4-DCP). This study provides a new modified Fenton system to enhance the oxidation removal of refractory organics in water and will enrich the understanding on effective H2O2 activation at neutral pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Xiong Jin
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Chenguang Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Environment, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China.
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Ramos Elizagaray SI, Quiroga PL, Pérez RD, Sosa C, Pérez CA, Bongiovanni GA, Soria EA. Effect of the Aqueous Extract of Lantana grisebachii Stuck Against Bioaccumulated Arsenic-Induced Oxidative and Lipid Dysfunction in Rat Splenocytes. J Diet Suppl 2020; 16:401-407. [PMID: 29958031 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1470124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a worldwide immunotoxic agent that is in contaminated waters and consumed by mammals. Phytotherapy may counteract its harmful effects. Lantana grisebachii Stuck (LG, Verbenaceae) and its extract are proposed as protective, given vvits in vitro bioactivity. The aim was to determine the protective capacity of the aqueous LG extract on splenocytes exposed in vivo to arsenic. Splenocytes were obtained from an arsenicosis model (Wistar rats consuming orally 0 [control; C] or 5 mg/Kg/d of As) that received 0-100 mg/Kg/d of LG extract for 30 days. As content (total reflection X-ray fluorescence), fatty acid profile (gas chromatography), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity (Szasz method), peroxides (xylenol orange-based assay), and nitrites (Griess reaction) were then assayed in viable splenocytes. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and the Tukey's test (p < .05). It was observed that the splenocytes contained 2.2 mg/Kg of this elemental arsenic. With γ-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibition and consequent triggering of hydroperoxides (p < .05), it was observed to increase saturated fatty acids and alter lipid profiles. LG treatment avoided damaging effects with values similar to unexposed C (p < .05), and cellular arsenic concentration (p < .0001). In conclusion, the aqueous extract of L. grisebachii counteracted arsenic toxicity in rat splenocytes by preventing its cellular accumulation and induction of lipid and redox disturbances, which may impair immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina I Ramos Elizagaray
- a Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas , Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Instituto de Biología Celular , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Patricia L Quiroga
- a Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas , Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Instituto de Biología Celular , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Roberto D Pérez
- b Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física , Córdoba , Argentina.,c Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, IFEG , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Carlos Sosa
- b Universidad Nacional de Córdoba , Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física , Córdoba , Argentina.,c Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, IFEG , Córdoba , Argentina
| | - Carlos A Pérez
- d Ministério da Ciência , Tecnologia e Inovação, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Laboratório Nacional de Luz Síncrotron , Campinas , Brazil
| | - Guillermina A Bongiovanni
- e Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, PROBIEN , Neuquén , Argentina.,f Universidad Nacional del Comahue , Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias , Neuquén , Argentina
| | - Elio A Soria
- a Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas , Cátedra de Biología Celular, Histología y Embriología, Instituto de Biología Celular , Córdoba , Argentina.,g Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, INICSA , Córdoba , Argentina
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Andrade MJ, Van Lonkhuyzen DR, Upton Z, Satyamoorthy K. Unravelling the insulin-like growth factor I-mediated photoprotection of the skin. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 52:45-55. [PMID: 31767341 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induces a range of biological reactions which may directly or indirectly lead to the development of skin cancer. In order to overcome these damaging effects of UVR and to reduce photodamage, the skin's endogenous defence system functions in concert with the various exogenous photoprotectors. Growth factors, particularly insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), produced within the body as a result of cellular interaction in response to UVR demonstrates photoprotective properties in human skin. This review summarises the impact of UVR-induced photolesions on human skin, discusses various endogenous as well as exogenous approaches of photoprotection described to date and explains how IGF-I mediates UVR photoprotective responses at the cellular and mitochondrial level. Further, we describe the current interventions using growth factors and propose how the knowledge of the IGF-I photoprotection signalling cascades may direct the development of improved UVR protection and remedial strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa J Andrade
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India; Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Derek R Van Lonkhuyzen
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zee Upton
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Institute of Medical Biology, A⁎STAR, Singapore
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
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11
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Das S, Dewanjee S, Dua TK, Joardar S, Chakraborty P, Bhowmick S, Saha A, Bhattacharjee S, De Feo V. Carnosic Acid Attenuates Cadmium Induced Nephrotoxicity by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Promoting Nrf2/HO-1 Signalling and Impairing TGF-β1/Smad/Collagen IV Signalling. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224176. [PMID: 31752142 PMCID: PMC6891359 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) imparts nephrotoxicity via triggering oxidative stress and pathological signal transductions in renal cells. The present study was performed to explore the protective mechanism of carnosic acid (CA), a naturally occurring antioxidant compound, against cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-provoked nephrotoxicity employing suitable in vitro and in vivo assays. CA (5 µM) exhibited an anti-apoptotic effect against CdCl2 (40 µM) in normal kidney epithelial (NKE) cells evidenced from cell viability, image, and flow cytometry assays. In this study, CdCl2 treatment enhanced oxidative stress by triggering free radical production, suppressing the endogenous redox defence system, and inhibiting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation in NKE cells and mouse kidneys. Moreover, CdCl2 treatment significantly endorsed apoptosis and fibrosis via activation of apoptotic and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)/collagen IV signalling pathways, respectively. In contrast, CA treatment significantly attenuated Cd-provoked nephrotoxicity via inhibiting free radicals, endorsing redox defence, suppressing apoptosis, and inhibiting fibrosis in renal cells in both in vitro and in vivo systems. In addition, CA treatment significantly (p < 0.05–0.01) restored blood and urine parameters to near-normal levels in mice. Histological findings further confirmed the protective role of CA against Cd-mediated nephrotoxicity. Molecular docking predicted possible interactions between CA and Nrf2/TGF-β1/Smad/collagen IV. Hence, CA was found to be a potential therapeutic agent to treat Cd-mediated nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonjit Das
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.D.F.); Tel.: +91-33-42452-32043(S.D.); +39-089-969-751 (V.D.F.)
| | - Tarun K. Dua
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Swarnalata Joardar
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Shovonlal Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India; (S.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India; (S.B.); (A.S.)
| | - Simanta Bhattacharjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (S.D.); (T.K.D.); (S.J.); (P.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.D.F.); Tel.: +91-33-42452-32043(S.D.); +39-089-969-751 (V.D.F.)
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12
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Mazzone G. On the Inhibition of Hydroxyl Radical Formation by Hydroxycinnamic Acids: The Case of Caffeic Acid as a Promising Chelating Ligand of a Ferrous Ion. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9560-9566. [PMID: 31603328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Density functional theory has been employed here to explore the ability of caffeic acid (CA) to trap Fe(II) to prevent the Fenton reaction thus limiting the hydroxyl radical formation. Electronic and structural features of complexes for metal-to-ligand different ratios were fully elucidated. Results confirm that the anionic forms of CA are able to form very stable complexes and show that all the possible coordination modes lead to formation of complexes that are thermochemically accessible. In addition, the change in free energies for the oxidation reaction, according to which hydrogen peroxide directly interacts with the metal center to produce the hydroxyl radical, confirms that Fe(II) complexed by CA is less active toward H2O2 than the purely solvated one. Even the energy required for the ligand exchange (H2O2 in place of water), supposed to be the first step involved in the Fenton reaction in a physiological environment, supports the propensity of CA to deactivate the hydroxyl radical formation by sequestering the ferrous ion. The rationalization of absorption spectra for various Fe(II)-CA complexes shows neutral and monoanionic species as conceivable ligands of the ferrous ion and the carboxylic group as the most probable site of coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Mazzone
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche , Università della Calabria , 87036 Rende , Italy
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13
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Popa CV, Vasilescu A, Litescu SC, Albu C, Danet AF. Metal Nano-Oxide based Colorimetric Sensor Array for the Determination of Plant Polyphenols with Antioxidant Properties. ANAL LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2019.1662430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Valentina Popa
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry and Catalysis, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Simona Carmen Litescu
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia Albu
- Centre of Bioanalysis, National Institute for Biological Sciences, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Florin Danet
- University of Bucharest, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Bucharest, Romania
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14
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Joardar S, Dewanjee S, Bhowmick S, Dua TK, Das S, Saha A, De Feo V. Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates Cadmium-Induced Nephrotoxicity via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis, Inflammation and Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2027. [PMID: 31022990 PMCID: PMC6514581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20082027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation was executed to reveal the protective mechanism of rosmarinic acid (RA) against cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity. RA exhibited a concentration-dependent anti-apoptotic effect against CdCl2 in isolated mouse proximal tubular epithelial cells. Cd treatment significantly (p < 0.01) imparted oxidative stress to the renal cells via excessive ROS production, triggering NO level, NADPH oxidase activation, and impairment of cellular redox defense system. Cd-mediated oxidative stress significantly (p < 0.01) endorsed apoptosis to the murine kidney cells by triggering NF-κB/PKC-δ/TNFR2 activation. In addition, CdCl2 induced renal fibrosis by triggering TGF-β1/SMAD3/α-SMA/collagen signaling within renal cells. On the other hand, RA significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) attenuated Cd-provoked oxidative stress and associated pathological signal transduction in murine renal cells. RA treatment also could significantly (p < 0.05-0.01) reciprocate Cd-mediated pathological changes in blood and urine parameters in mice. In addition, histological data supported the pharmacological findings. In silico chemometric analyses predicted the possible interactions between RA and different signal proteins and anticipated drug-likeness characteristics of RA. Hence, RA can potentially be applied as a therapeutic agent to treat Cd-mediated nephrotoxicity in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swarnalata Joardar
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Shovonlal Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India.
| | - Tarun K Dua
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Sonjit Das
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700009, India.
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
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15
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Md Yusof AH, Abd Gani SS, Zaidan UH, Halmi MIE, Zainudin BH. Optimization of an Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction Condition for Flavonoid Compounds from Cocoa Shells ( Theobroma cacao) Using Response Surface Methodology. Molecules 2019; 24:E711. [PMID: 30781448 PMCID: PMC6412431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24040711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Malaysian cocoa shell extracts, and optimization using response surface methodology. There are three variables involved in this study, namely: ethanol concentration (70⁻90 v/v %), temperature (45⁻65 °C), and ultrasound irradiation time (30⁻60 min). All of the data were collected and analyzed for variance (ANOVA). The coefficient of determination (R²) and the model was significant in interaction between all variables (98% and p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, the lack of fit test for the model was not of significance, with p > 0.0684. The ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time that yielded the maximum value of the total flavonoid content (TFC; 7.47 mg RE/g dried weight (DW)) was 80%, 55 °C, and 45 min, respectively. The optimum value from the validation of the experimental TFC was 7.23 ± 0.15 mg of rutin, equivalent per gram of extract with ethanol concentration, temperature, and ultrasound irradiation time values of 74.20%, 49.99 °C, and 42.82 min, respectively. While the modelled equation fits the data, the T-test is not significant, suggesting that the experimental values agree with those predicted by the response surface methodology models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arief Huzaimi Md Yusof
- Malaysia Cocoa Board, Cocoa Innovative and Technology Centre, Lot 12621 Nilai Industrial Area, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
- Halal Products Research Institute, University Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Siti Salwa Abd Gani
- Halal Products Research Institute, University Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
- Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Izuan Effendi Halmi
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, University Putra Malaysia, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Badrul Hisyam Zainudin
- Malaysia Cocoa Board, Cocoa Innovative and Technology Centre, Lot 12621 Nilai Industrial Area, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
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16
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Fidelis M, Santos JS, Escher GB, Vieira do Carmo M, Azevedo L, Cristina da Silva M, Putnik P, Granato D. In vitro antioxidant and antihypertensive compounds from camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia McVaugh, Myrtaceae) seed coat: A multivariate structure-activity study. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:479-490. [PMID: 30055315 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) pulp, seeds, and skin are widely known because of their nutritional properties. However, the seed coat has never been studied as a source of bioactive compounds. Herein, we characterized the phenolic composition, the antioxidant activity, and inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) of three different extracts (water, propanone, and ethanol) from this residue and assessed the structure-activity using bivariate and multivariate statistical approaches. Phenolic acids and flavonoids were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography while the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), inhibition of lipid peroxidation using egg yolk and Wistar rat brain, scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) radical, Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity (FCRC), and the inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) by the extracts were also analyzed. t-Resveratrol was found in camu-camu seed coat for the first time. The aqueous extract had the highest total phenolic content, FRAP, DPPH•, FCRC, and inhibition of lipid oxidation using both chemical and biological assays, while the propanone extract showed the opposite behavior but it presented higher in vitro antihypertensive activity. The ethanolic extract exhibited intermediate values for the responses. The association between chemical composition and the functional properties of the camu-camu seed coat extracts were revealed using correlation analysis and principal component analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Fidelis
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Jânio Sousa Santos
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Graziela Bragueto Escher
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Mariana Vieira do Carmo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina da Silva
- Department of Food, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology from Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ), 20270-021, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Predrag Putnik
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Granato
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
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17
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Adeyemi OS, Atolani O, Banerjee P, Arolasafe G, Preissner R, Etukudoh P, Ibraheem O. Computational and experimental validation of antioxidant properties of synthesized bioactive ferulic acid derivatives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2018.1439958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Medicinal Biochemistry & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | | | - Priyanka Banerjee
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gbemisola Arolasafe
- Medicinal Biochemistry & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - Robert Preissner
- Structural Bioinformatics Group, Institute for Physiology, Charité – University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Promise Etukudoh
- Medicinal Biochemistry & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria
| | - Omodele Ibraheem
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
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18
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Bilgi M, Sahin EM, Ayranci E. Sensor and biosensor application of a new redox mediator: Rosmarinic acid modified screen-printed carbon electrode for electrochemical determination of NADH and ethanol. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Effect of the pH on the lipid oxidation and polyphenols of soybean oil-in-water emulsion with added peppermint ( Mentha piperita) extract in the presence and absence of iron. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1285-1292. [PMID: 30319836 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the pH effect on the lipid oxidation and polyphenols of the emulsions consisting of soybean oil, citric acid buffer (pH 2.6, 4.0, or 6.0), and peppermint (Mentha piperita) extract (400 mg/kg), with/without FeSO4. The emulsions in tightly-sealed bottles were placed at 25 °C in the dark, and lipid oxidation and polyphenol contents and composition were determined. The lipid oxidation was high in the emulsions at pH 4.0 in the absence of iron, however, iron addition made them more stable than the emulsions at pH 2.6 or 6.0. Total polyphenols were remained at the lowest content during oxidation in the emulsions at pH 4.0, and iron reduced and decelerated polyphenol degradation. The results strongly suggest that polyphenols contributed to decreased lipid oxidation of the emulsion via radical scavenging and iron-chelation, and rosmarinic acid along with catechin, caffeic acid, and luteolin were key polyphenols as radical scavengers in the extract.
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20
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Karpinska J, Świsłocka R, Lewandowski W. A mystery of a cup of coffee; an insight look by chemist. Biofactors 2017; 43:621-632. [PMID: 28613019 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fruits, vegetables as well as processed food products of plant origin are a rich source of beneficial for human health constituents. Among them the polyphenols constitute a large group of compounds. The presented literature survey is devoted to chlorogenic acid the most abundant representative of cinnamate acids esters. Its chemical as well as biological properties are described. © 2017 BioFactors, 43(5):621-632, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Karpinska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Bialystok, 15-245, Poland
| | - Renata Świsłocka
- Division of Chemistry, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, 15-351, Poland
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21
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Investigation of Lipid Oxidation in High- and Low-Lipid-Containing Topical Skin Formulations. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-017-3034-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Khan S, Narula AK. Electrochemical and optical bimodal sensing of caffeic acid based on electrodes made from nanorods of AuNPs:PEDOT:PSS and bio-hybrid chitosan:PEDOT:PSS. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj01505d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
One pot in situ synthesis of AuNPs:PEDOT:PSS using a green solvent and its utilization as an electrochemical sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Khan
- Molecular Chemistry Laboratory
- University School of Basic Applied Sciences
- Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
- Delhi – 110078
- India
| | - Anudeep Kumar Narula
- Molecular Chemistry Laboratory
- University School of Basic Applied Sciences
- Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
- Delhi – 110078
- India
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23
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Islam F, Yasmeen T, Arif MS, Riaz M, Shahzad SM, Imran Q, Ali I. Combined ability of chromium (Cr) tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and salicylic acid (SA) in attenuation of chromium stress in maize plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 108:456-467. [PMID: 27575042 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil has become a serious global problem. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of two chromium (Cr) tolerant plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) in combination with salicylic acid (SA) on plant growth, physiological, biochemical responses and heavy metal uptake under Cr contamination. A pot experiment (autoclaved sand as growing medium) was performed using maize (Zea mays L.) as a test crop under controlled conditions. Cr toxicity significantly reduced plant growth, photosynthetic pigment, carbohydrates metabolism and increased H2O2, MDA, relative membrane permeability, proline and Cr contents in maize leaves. However, inoculation with selected PGPB (T2Cr and CrP450) and SA application either alone or in combination alleviated the Cr toxicity and promoted plant growth by decreasing Cr accumulation, H2O2 and MDA level in maize. Furthermore, dual PGPB inoculation with SA application also improved plant performance under Cr-toxicity. Results obtained from this study indicate that PGPB inoculation and SA application enhanced Cr tolerance in maize seedlings by decreasing Cr uptake from root to shoot. Additionally, combination of both PGPB and SA also reduced oxidative stress by elevating the activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant, also indicated by improved carbohydrate metabolism in maize plant exposed to Cr contamination. Comparatively, alleviation effects were more pronounced in PGPB inoculated plants than SA applied plants alone. The results suggest that combined use of PGPB and SA application may be exploited for improving production potential of maize in metal (Cr) contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Islam
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Saleem Arif
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Riaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sher Muhammad Shahzad
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Qaiser Imran
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Ali
- AKHUWAT Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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24
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Cherrak SA, Mokhtari-Soulimane N, Berroukeche F, Bensenane B, Cherbonnel A, Merzouk H, Elhabiri M. In Vitro Antioxidant versus Metal Ion Chelating Properties of Flavonoids: A Structure-Activity Investigation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165575. [PMID: 27788249 PMCID: PMC5082868 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural flavonoids such as quercetin, (+)catechin and rutin as well as four methoxylated derivatives of quercetin used as models were investigated to elucidate their impact on the oxidant and antioxidant status of human red blood cells (RBCs). The impact of these compounds against metal toxicity was studied as well as their antiradical activities with DPPH assay. Antihemolytic experiments were conducted on quercetin, (+)catechin and rutin with excess of Fe, Cu and Zn (400 μM), and the oxidant (malondialdehyde, carbonyl proteins) and antioxidant (reduced glutathione, catalase activity) markers were evaluated. The results showed that Fe and Zn have the highest prooxidant effect (37 and 33% of hemolysis, respectively). Quercetin, rutin and (+)catechin exhibited strong antioxidant properties toward Fe, but this effect was decreased with respect to Zn ions. However, the Cu showed a weak antioxidant effect at the highest flavonoid concentration (200 μM), while a prooxidant effect was observed at the lowest flavonoid concentration (100 μM). These results are in agreement with the physico-chemical and antiradical data which demonstrated that binding of the metal ions (for FeNTA: (+)Catechin, KLFeNTA = 1.6(1) × 106 M-1 > Rutin, KLFeNTA = 2.0(9) × 105 M-1 > Quercetin, KLFeNTA = 1.0(7) × 105 M-1 > Q35OH, KLFeNTA = 6.3(8.7) × 104 M-1 > Quercetin3’4’OH and Quercetin 3OH, KLFeNTA ~ 2 × 104 M-1) reflects the (anti)oxidant status of the RBCs. This study reveals that flavonoids have both prooxidant and antioxidant activity depending on the nature and concentration of the flavonoids and metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabri Ahmed Cherrak
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Nassima Mokhtari-Soulimane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
- * E-mail: (NMS); (ME)
| | - Farid Berroukeche
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Bachir Bensenane
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Angéline Cherbonnel
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, UMR 7509 CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hafida Merzouk
- Laboratory of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Earth and Universe, Abou Bekr Belkaid University, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Mourad Elhabiri
- Laboratory of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, UMR 7509 CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67200 Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail: (NMS); (ME)
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Mai S, He Q, Wang H, Hu X, Luo Y, Yang Y, Kuang S, Tian X, Ma J, Yang J. 5-lipoxygenase activation is involved in the mechanisms of chronic hepatic injury in a rat model of chronic aluminum overload exposure. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 305:259-266. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Liang G, Shi B, Luo W, Yang J. The protective effect of caffeic acid on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Behav Brain Funct 2015; 11:18. [PMID: 25907417 PMCID: PMC4407787 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-015-0064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability all over the world. Ischemic stroke results from a temporary or permanent reduction of cerebral blood flow that leads to functional and structural damage in different brain regions. Despite decades of intense research, the beneficial treatment of stroke remains limited. In light of this, the search for effective means ameliorating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) is one of the major problems of experimental medicine and biology. Recently, the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO, a key enzyme metabolizing arachidonic acid to produce leukotrienes) inhibitors have been showed to protect brain against ischemic damage in animal model of cerebral ischemia. Caffeic acid, an inhibitor of 5-LO, is a phenolic compound widely distributed in medicinal plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of caffeic acid on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. The study was carried out on 45 rats that were randomly divided into five groups: the sham group (n = 9), I/R non-treated group (n = 9), I/R-caffeic acid group (10 mg · kg−1) (n = 9), I/R-caffeic acid group (30 mg · kg−1) (n = 9) and I/R-caffeic acid group (50 mg · kg−1) (n = 9). Global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral carotid artery occlusion for 20 min followed by reperfusion. Spatial learning and memory was evaluated using Morris water maze. Histopathological changes of hippocampus neurons was observed using HE staining. Superoxide dismutase (SOD, the antioxidant enzyme) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA, an oxidative stress biomarker) contents were detected. NF-κBp65 expression was detected by the methods of immunohistochemistry. Caffeic acid markedly reduced the escape latency, relieved hippocampal neurons injury and increased neuron count compared with those of I/R non-treated rat. NF-κBp65 expression and MDA content decreased significantly, and SOD activities increased significantly in hippocampus. Compared with sham group, 5-LO expression increase significantly in I/R non-treated group rat, and caffeic acid markedly reduced 5-LO expression. The results of the study suggest that caffeic acid has a significant protective effect on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. The neuroprotective effects is likely to be mediated through the inhibition of 5-LO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojuan Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Rd. No 1, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Rd. No 1, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Weinan Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Rd. No 1, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
| | - Junqing Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Medical College Rd. No 1, Chongqing, 400016, P. R. China.
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Abdul Karim A, Azlan A, Ismail A, Hashim P, Abd Gani SS, Zainudin BH, Abdullah NA. Phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-wrinkles and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of cocoa pod extract. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:381. [PMID: 25292439 PMCID: PMC4195981 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocoa pod is an outer part of cocoa fruits being discarded during cocoa bean processing. Authors found out that data on its usage in literature as cosmetic materials was not recorded in vast. In this study, cocoa pod extract was investigated for its potential as a cosmetic ingredient. METHODS Cocoa pod extract (CPE) composition was accomplished using UHPLC. The antioxidant capacity were measured using scavenging assay of 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene bleaching assay (BCB) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Inhibiting effect on skin degradation enzymes was carried out using elastase and collagenase assays. The skin whitening effect of CPE was determined based on mushroom tyrosinase assay and sun screening effect (UV-absorbance at 200-400 nm wavelength). RESULTS LC-MS/MS data showed the presence of carboxylic acid, phenolic acid, fatty acid, flavonoids (flavonol and flavones), stilbenoids and terpenoids in CPE. Results for antioxidant activity exhibited that CPE possessed good antioxidant activity, based on the mechanism of the assays compared with ascorbic acid (AA) and standardized pine bark extract (PBE); DPPH: AA > CPE > PBE; FRAP: PBE > CPE > AA; and BCB: BHT > CPE > PBE. Cocoa pod extract showed better action against elastase and collagenase enzymes in comparison with PBE and AA. Higher inhibition towards tyrosinase enzyme was exhibited by CPE than kojic acid and AA, although lower than PBE. CPE induced proliferation when tested on human fibroblast cell at low concentration. CPE also exhibited a potential as UVB sunscreen despite its low performance as a UVA sunscreen agent. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the CPE has high potential as a cosmetic ingredient due to its anti-wrinkle, skin whitening, and sunscreen effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azila Abdul Karim
- />Cocoa Innovation and Technology Centre, Malaysian Cocoa Board, PT12621, Nilai Industrial Area, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Azrina Azlan
- />Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- />Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
- />Research Centre of Excellence, Nutrition and Non-communicable Disease, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Amin Ismail
- />Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Puziah Hashim
- />Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Siti Salwa Abd Gani
- />Laboratory of Halal Science Research, Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisyam Zainudin
- />Cocoa Innovation and Technology Centre, Malaysian Cocoa Board, PT12621, Nilai Industrial Area, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
| | - Nur Azilah Abdullah
- />Cocoa Innovation and Technology Centre, Malaysian Cocoa Board, PT12621, Nilai Industrial Area, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Malaysia
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Chohan M, Naughton DP, Opara EI. Determination of superoxide dismutase mimetic activity in common culinary herbs. SPRINGERPLUS 2014; 3:578. [PMID: 25332878 PMCID: PMC4193968 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-3-578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Under conditions of oxidative stress, the removal of superoxide, a free radical associated with chronic inflammation, is catalysed by superoxide dismutase (SOD). Thus in addition to acting as an antioxidant, SOD may also be utilized as an anti-inflammatory agent. Some plant derived foods have been shown to have SOD mimetic (SODm) activity however it is not known if this activity is possessed by culinary herbs which have previously been shown to possess both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the study was to ascertain if the culinary herbs rosemary, sage and thyme possess SODm activity, and to investigate the influence of cooking and digestion on this activity. Transition metal ion content was also determined to establish if it could likely contribute to any SODm activity detected. Findings All extracts of uncooked (U), cooked (C) and cooked and digested (C&D) herbs were shown to possess SODm activity, which was significantly correlated with previously determined antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of these herbs. SODm activity was significantly increased following (C) and (C&D) for rosemary and sage only. The impact of (C) and (C&D) on the SODm for thyme may have been influenced by its transition metal ion content. Conclusions SODm activity may contribute to the herbs’ antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities however the source and significance of this activity need to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Chohan
- School of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Waldegrave Road, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, TW1 4SX UK
| | - Declan P Naughton
- School of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE UK
| | - Elizabeth I Opara
- School of Life Sciences, Kingston University, Penrhyn Road, Kingston upon Thames, KT1 2EE UK
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29
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Suberu JO, Romero-Canelón I, Sullivan N, Lapkin AA, Barker GC. Comparative cytotoxicity of artemisinin and cisplatin and their interactions with chlorogenic acids in MCF7 breast cancer cells. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:2791-7. [PMID: 25209896 PMCID: PMC4506560 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In parts of Africa and Asia, self-medication with a hot water infusion of Artemisia annua (Artemisia tea) is a common practice for a number of ailments including malaria and cancer. In our earlier work, such an extract showed better potency than artemisinin alone against both chloroquine-sensitive and -resistant parasites. In this study, in vitro tests of the infusion in MCF7 cells showed high IC50 values (>200 μm). The combination of artemisinin and 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3CA), two major components in the extract, was strongly antagonistic and gave a near total loss of cytotoxicity for artemisinin. We observed that the interaction of 3CAs with another cytotoxic compound, cisplatin, showed potentiation of activity by 2.5-fold. The chelation of cellular iron by 3CA is hypothesized as a possible explanation for the loss of artemisinin activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Suberu
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of CambridgeCB2 3RA (UK)
| | | | - Neil Sullivan
- SensaPharm Ltd., 123i Bioscience CentreSunderland, SR5 2TA (UK)
| | - Alexei A Lapkin
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of CambridgeCB2 3RA (UK)
| | - Guy C Barker
- School of Life Sciences, University of WarwickCV4 7AL (UK) E-mail:
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Dewanjee S, Gangopadhyay M, Sahu R, Karmakar S. Cadmium induced pathophysiology: prophylactic role of edible jute (Corchorus olitorius) leaves with special emphasis on oxidative stress and mitochondrial involvement. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 60:188-98. [PMID: 23891759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the protective effect of aqueous extract of Corchorus olitorius leaves (AECO) against CdCl₂ intoxication. In vitro bioassay on isolated mice hepatocytes confirmed dose dependent cytoprotective effect of AECO. The CdCl₂ (30 μM) exhibited a significantly increased levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation along with the reduction of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione levels in hepatocytes. AECO (200 and 400 μg/ml) + CdCl₂ (30 μM) could significantly restore the aforementioned oxidation parameters in hepatocytes. Beside this, AECO could significantly reduce Cd-induced increase in Bad/Bcl-2 ratio and the over-expression of NF-κB, caspase 3 and caspase 9. In in vivo assay, CdCl₂ (4 mg/kg body weight, for 6 days) treated rats exhibited a significantly increased intracellular Cd accumulation, oxidative stress and DNA fragmentation in the organs. In addition, the haematological parameters were significantly altered in the CdCl₂ treated rats. Simultaneous administration of AECO (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight), could significantly restore the biochemical, antioxidant and haematological parameters near to the normal status. Histological studies of the organs supported the protective role of jute leaves. Presence of substantial quantity of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in extract may be responsible for overall protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Raja S C Mullick Road, Kolkata 700 032, India.
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31
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Anwar J, Spanevello RM, Pimentel VC, Gutierres J, Thomé G, Cardoso A, Zanini D, Martins C, Palma HE, Bagatini MD, Baldissarelli J, Schmatz R, Leal CAM, da Costa P, Morsch VM, Schetinger MRC. Caffeic acid treatment alters the extracellular adenine nucleotide hydrolysis in platelets and lymphocytes of adult rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 56:459-66. [PMID: 23454297 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2012] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of caffeic acid on ectonucleotidase activities such as NTPDase (nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase), Ecto-NPP (nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase), 5'-nucleotidase and adenosine deaminase (ADA) in platelets and lymphocytes of rats, as well as in the profile of platelet aggregation. Animals were divided into five groups: I (control); II (oil); III (caffeic acid 10 mg/kg); IV (caffeic acid 50 mg/kg); and V (caffeic acid 100 mg/kg). Animals were treated with caffeic acid diluted in oil for 30 days. In platelets, caffeic acid decreased the ATP hydrolysis and increased ADP hydrolysis in groups III, IV and V when compared to control (P<0.05). The 5'-nucleotidase activity was decreased, while E-NPP and ADA activities were increased in platelets of rats of groups III, IV and V (P<0.05). Caffeic acid reduced significantly the platelet aggregation in the animals of groups III, IV and V in relation to group I (P<0.05). In lymphocytes, the NTPDase and ADA activities were increased in all groups treated with caffeic acid when compared to control (P<0.05). These findings demonstrated that the enzymes were altered in tissues by caffeic acid and this compound decreased the platelet aggregation suggesting that caffeic acid should be considered a potentially therapeutic agent in disorders related to the purinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javed Anwar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Özyürek M, Güngör N, Baki S, Güçlü K, Apak R. Development of a Silver Nanoparticle-Based Method for the Antioxidant Capacity Measurement of Polyphenols. Anal Chem 2012; 84:8052-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac301925b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Özyürek
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul
University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilay Güngör
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul
University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sefa Baki
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul
University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Güçlü
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul
University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul
University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
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33
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Oliveira AP, Costa RM, Magalhães AS, Pereira JA, Carvalho M, Valentão P, Andrade PB, Silva BM. Targeted metabolites and biological activities of Cydonia oblonga Miller leaves. Food Res Int 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2010.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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34
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A comparative study of caffeic acid and a novel caffeic acid conjugate SMND-309 on antioxidant properties in vitro. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Manosroi A, Chutoprapat R, Abe M, Manosroi W, Manosroi J. Anti-aging efficacy of topical formulations containing niosomes entrapped with rice bran bioactive compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:208-24. [PMID: 22235888 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.596206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Rice [Oryza sativa L. (Gramineae)] bran is a rich source of phytochemicals. Its oil also contains several bioactive components that exhibit antioxidative properties such as ferulic acid (F), γ-oryzanol (O), and phytic acid (P) which can be a new source of cosmetic raw materials. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the anti-aging effects of the gel and cream containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The semi-purified rice bran extracts containing F, O, and P which indicated the growth stimulation of human fibroblasts and the inhibition of MMP-2 by sulforhodamine B and gelatin zymography, respectively, were entrapped in niosomes by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid (scCO(2)) and incorporated in gel and cream formulations. The skin hydration, elasticity, thickness and roughness, and pigmentation in human volunteers after treated with these gel and creams were investigated by corneometer, cutometer, visiometer, and mexameter, respectively. RESULTS Gel and cream containing the semi-purified rice bran extracts entrapped in niosomes gave no sign of erythema and edema detected within 72 h on the shaved rabbit skin by the closed patch test investigated by mexameter and visual observation, respectively. These formulations also demonstrated higher hydration enhancement and improvement of skin lightening, thickness, roughness, and elasticity on the skin of 30 human volunteers within the 28-day treatment not more than 9, 27, 7, 3, and 3 times, respectively. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The formulations containing niosomes entrapped with the rice bran bioactive compounds gave superior clinical anti-aging activity which can be applied as a novel skin product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranya Manosroi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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36
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Milić SZ, Potkonjak NI, Gorjanović SŽ, Veljović-Jovanović SD, Pastor FT, Sužnjević DŽ. A Polarographic Study of Chlorogenic Acid and Its Interaction with Some Heavy Metal Ions. ELECTROANAL 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201100476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and early markers of tumor promotion by caffeic acid in Fe-NTA exposed kidneys of Wistar rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 357:115-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-0881-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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38
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Celik SE, Ozyürek M, Tufan AN, Güçlü K, Apak R. Spectroscopic study and antioxidant properties of the inclusion complexes of rosmarinic acid with natural and derivative cyclodextrins. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 78:1615-24. [PMID: 21377406 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of total antioxidant activity/capacity of polyphenols in various solvent media necessitates the use of cyclodextrins to solubilize lipophilic antioxidants of poor aqueous solubility. The inclusion complexes of the slightly water soluble antioxidant, rosmarinic acid (RA), with α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), 2-hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD), and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD) were investigated for the first time. The effect of cyclodextrins (CDs) on the spectral features of RA was measured in aqueous medium using UV-vis and steady-state fluorescence techniques by varying the concentrations of CDs. The molar stoichiometry of RA-CD inclusion complexes was verified as 1:1, and the formation constants of the complexes were determined from Benesi-Hildebrand equation using fluorescence spectroscopic data. Among the CDs, maximum inclusion ability was measured in the case of M-β-CD followed by HP-β-CD, HE-β-CD, β-CD and α-CD. Solid inclusion complexes were prepared by freeze drying, and their functional groups were analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Antioxidant capacity of CD-complexed rosmarinic acid was measured to be higher than that of the lone hydroxycinnamic acid by the CUPric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) method. The mechanism of the TAC increase was interpreted as the stabilization of the 1-e oxidized o-catechol moiety of RA by enhanced intramolecular H-bonding in a hydrophobic environment provided by CDs, mostly by M-β-CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saliha Esin Celik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University, Avcilar 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
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Costa P, Gonçalves S, Andrade PB, Valentão P, Romano A. Inhibitory effect of Lavandula viridis on Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation, antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase properties. Food Chem 2010; 126:1779-86. [PMID: 25213957 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this research, the total phenolic content of a Lavandula viridis methanol extract was evaluated and the phenolic identification and quantification was assessed. Rosmarinic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were the two major compounds identified by HPLC-DAD (ca. 39 and 13g/kg, respectively). This extract showed a strong antioxidant activity in ORAC (2858.39±70.97μmolTE/gextract) and TEAC (967.18±22.57μmolTE/gextract) assays, as well as Fe(2+) chelating and OH scavenging abilities. Furthermore, the extract prevented Fe(2+)-induced lipid peroxidation, by reducing MDA content in mouse brains (in vitro), and inhibited AChE and BChE activities both in vitro and in vivo. These findings demonstrate that the methanol extract from L. viridis is a potential source of natural antioxidants and cholinesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Costa
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB-CGB), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Sandra Gonçalves
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB-CGB), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Paula B Andrade
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Valentão
- REQUIMTE/Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anabela Romano
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology (IBB-CGB), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Ed. 8, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Kumaran KS, Prince PSM. Caffeic acid protects rat heart mitochondria against isoproterenol-induced oxidative damage. Cell Stress Chaperones 2010; 15:791-806. [PMID: 20376586 PMCID: PMC3024059 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-010-0187-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathology of myocardial infarction. The protective effects of caffeic acid on mitochondrial dysfunction in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction were studied in Wistar rats. Rats were pretreated with caffeic acid (15 mg/kg) for 10 days. After the pretreatment period, isoproterenol (100 mg/kg) was subcutaneously injected to rats at an interval of 24 h for 2 days to induce myocardial infarction. Isoproterenol-induced rats showed considerable increased levels of serum troponins and heart mitochondrial lipid peroxidation products and considerable decreased glutathione peroxidase and reduced glutathione. Also, considerably decreased activities of isocitrate, succinate, malate, α-ketoglutarate, and NADH dehydrogenases and cytochrome-C-oxidase were observed in the mitochondria of myocardial-infarcted rats. The mitochondrial calcium, cholesterol, free fatty acids, and triglycerides were considerably increased and adenosine triphosphate and phospholipids were considerably decreased in isoproterenol-induced rats. Caffeic acid pretreatment showed considerable protective effects on all the biochemical parameters studied. Myocardial infarct size was much reduced in caffeic acid pretreated isoproterenol-induced rats. Transmission electron microscopic findings also confirmed the protective effects of caffeic acid. The possible mechanisms of caffeic acid on cardiac mitochondria protection might be due to decreasing free radicals, increasing multienzyme activities, reduced glutathione, and adenosine triphosphate levels and maintaining lipids and calcium. In vitro studies also confirmed the free-radical-scavenging activity of caffeic acid. Thus, caffeic acid protected rat's heart mitochondria against isoproterenol-induced damage. This study may have a significant impact on myocardial-infarcted patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kandaswamy Senthil Kumaran
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai nagar, 608002 Tamil Nadu India
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41
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Im SE, Yoon H, Nam TG, Heo HJ, Lee CY, Kim DO. Antineurodegenerative effect of phenolic extracts and caffeic acid derivatives in romaine lettuce on neuron-like PC-12 cells. J Med Food 2010; 13:779-84. [PMID: 20553182 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.1204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, romaine lettuce has been one of the fastest growing vegetables with respect to its consumption and production. An understanding is needed of the effect of major phenolic phytochemicals from romaine lettuce on biological protection for neuron-like PC-12 cells. Phenolics in fresh romaine lettuce were extracted, and then its total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity were measured spectrophotometrically. Neuroprotective effects of phenolic extract of romaine lettuce and its pure caffeic acid derivatives (caffeic, chicoric, chlorogenic, and isochlorogenic acids) in PC-12 cells were evaluated using two different in vitro methods: lactate dehydrogenase release and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction assays. Total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity of 100 g of fresh romaine lettuce averaged 22.7 mg of gallic acid equivalents and 31.0 mg of vitamin C equivalents, respectively. The phenolic extract of romaine lettuce protected PC-12 cells against oxidative stress caused by H(2)O(2) in a dose-dependent manner. Isochlorogenic acid, one of the phenolics in romaine lettuce, showed stronger neuroprotection than the other three caffeic acid derivatives also found in the lettuce. Although romaine lettuce had lower levels of phenolics and antioxidant capacity compared to other common vegetables, its contribution to total antioxidant capacity and antineurodegenerative effect in human diets would be higher because of higher amounts of its daily per capita consumption compared to other common vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Eun Im
- Department of Food Science and Technology and Institute of Life Science and Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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42
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Maciejewska G, Zierkiewicz W, Adach A, Kopacz M, Zapała I, Bulik I, Cieślak-Golonka M, Grabowski T, Wietrzyk J. Atypical calcium coordination number: Physicochemical study, cytotoxicity, DFT calculations and in silico pharmacokinetic characteristics of calcium caffeates. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:1189-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2009] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Huber R, Müller M, Naumann J, Schenk T, Lüdtke R. Artichoke leave extract for chronic hepatitis C - a pilot study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 16:801-804. [PMID: 19427774 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artichoke leave extracts (ALE) have hepatoprotektive properties and are used by patients with chronic liver disease. Effects in patients with chronic hepatitis C are unclear. METHODS 17 patients with chronic hepatitis C and persistently elevated aminotransferase levels were treated for 12 weeks with 3200mg standardized ALE per day. Primary outcome parameter was the rate of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) normalisation after 12 weeks. Secondary parameters were the course of ALT, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamyltransferase levels, quantitative HCV RNA, subjective symptoms frequently associated with chronic hepatitis C (fatigue, discomfort upper abdomen, joint problems) and safety. RESULTS None of the patients had normalized ALT levels after 12 weeks of treatment. There was no significant change of aminotransferase levels or viral load compared to baseline levels. Fatigue and joint problems significantly improved after 4 weeks of treatment. However, after 12 weeks, there was no significant difference to baseline. Tolerability of ALE was rated as good to excellent. Severe side effects did not occur. CONCLUSION ALE seem not to be effective to improve aminotransferase levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Huber
- Center for Complementary Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Karamać M, Pegg RB. Limitations of the tetramethylmurexide assay for investigating the Fe(II) chelation activity of phenolic compounds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:6425-6431. [PMID: 19537796 DOI: 10.1021/jf901100t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Limitations of the colorimetric assay involving tetramethylmurexide (TMM) to determine the extent of complex formation between metal ions and phenolic compounds have been studied. Older literature reports using this method to determine bound Fe(II). Our study shows the TMM assay is inadequate when determining the Fe(II) chelation activity of phenolic preparations rich in tannin constituents on account of the high absorbance values derived by control samples (i.e., those that do not contain the TMM reagent). Phenolic test samples comprising the TMM reagent, iron ions, and tannins could not yield meaningful absorbance data on Fe(II) chelation activity. In our study, we investigated commercially available compounds, namely, sinapic acid, catechin, rutin, tannic acid, procyanidin B(2), as well as crude acetonic extracts of almonds, red lentil, buckwheat, and their low-molecular-weight and tannin fractions separated from the crude extracts by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Even as little as 0.5 mg of tannins added per control sample resulted in high absorbance values to the extent of 0.4 for red lentil and almonds, and 1.3 for buckwheat. A strong correlation (r(2) = 0.98) between the content of condensed tannins, as determined by the vanillin reaction, and absorbance of control samples by the TMM assay was found for the plant extracts and their fractions. A more useful colorimetric assay to investigate the Fe(II) chelating ability of tannin-rich preparations may be the method that uses ferrozine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Karamać
- Division of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-747 Olsztyn, Poland.
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45
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Costa RM, Magalhães AS, Pereira JA, Andrade PB, Valentão P, Carvalho M, Silva BM. Evaluation of free radical-scavenging and antihemolytic activities of quince (Cydonia oblonga) leaf: a comparative study with green tea (Camellia sinensis). Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:860-5. [PMID: 19271320 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the phenolic profile and to investigate the antioxidant potential of quince (Cydonia oblonga) leaf, comparing it with green tea (Camellia sinensis). For these purposes, methanolic extracts were prepared and phenolics content of quince leaf was determined by HPLC/UV. The antioxidant properties were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteu reducing capacity assay and by the ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and to inhibit the 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes.5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid was found to be the major phenolic compound in quince leaf extract. Quince leaf exhibited a significantly higher reducing power than green tea (mean value of 227.8 +/- 34.9 and 112.5 +/- 1.5 g/kg dry leaf, respectively). Quince leaf extracts showed similar DPPH radical-scavenging activities (EC50 mean value of 21.6 +/- 3.5 microg/ml) but significantly lower than that presented by green tea extract (EC50 mean value of 12.7 +/- 0.1 microg/ml). Under the oxidative action of AAPH, quince leaf methanolic extract significantly protected the erythrocyte membrane from hemolysis in a similar manner to that found for green tea (IC50 mean value of 30.7 +/- 6.7 and 24.3 +/- 9.6 microg/ml, respectively, P > 0.05). These results point that quince leaf may have application as preventive or therapeutic agent in diseases in which free radicals are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana M Costa
- CEBIMED, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal
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Magalhães AS, Silva BM, Pereira JA, Andrade PB, Valentão P, Carvalho M. Protective effect of quince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) fruit against oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:1372-7. [PMID: 19306906 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of quince (Cydonia oblonga) fruit. For this purpose, fruits were separated into pulps, peels and seeds and methanolic extracts were prepared. The phenolic profiles were determined by HPLC/UV and antioxidant properties were studied for their ability to quench the stable free radical 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and to inhibit the 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes. The main phenolic compounds were 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid for pulp and peel (57% and 29%, respectively) and stellarin-2 for seed (18%). Total phenolics content was 2.5, 6.3 and 0.4g/kg of methanolic extract for pulp, peel and seed, respectively. Pulp and peel extracts showed similar DPPH free radical scavenging activities (EC(50) of 0.6 and 0.8 mg/ml, respectively), while seed extract presented much lower antioxidant potential (EC(50) of 12.2mg/ml). Under the oxidative action of AAPH, pulp and peel extracts showed significant protection of the erythrocyte membrane from hemolysis, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Seed extracts by themselves induced extensive hemolysis. These results indicate higher antioxidant activity for certain parts of quince fruit, namely pulp and peel, that may therefore represent accessible sources of natural antioxidants with potential application in nutritional/pharmaceutical fields, as preventive or therapeutic agents in diseases in which free radicals are implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Magalhães
- CEBIMED, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, R. Carlos da Maia, 296, 4200-150 Porto, Portugal
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Jahangir M, Abdel-Farid IB, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Metal ion-inducing metabolite accumulation in Brassica rapa. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2008; 165:1429-37. [PMID: 18541336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants face a number of biotic and abiotic environmental stress factors during growth. Among the abiotic factors, in particular, a great deal of attention has been paid to metals not only because of their increasing amounts in the environment due to rapid industrial development but also because of the variation of metal composition in soil. Cultivation of crops close to industrial areas or irrigation with contaminated water may result in both growth inhibition and tissue accumulation of metals. Brassica species are well known as metal accumulators and are being used for phytoremediation of contaminated soils. However, the metal tolerance mechanism in the plant still remains unclear. In order to investigate the metabolomic changes induced by metal ions in Brassica, plants were subjected to concentrations 50, 100, 250 and 500 mmol of copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in separate treatments. (1)H NMR and two-dimensional NMR spectra coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were applied to investigate the metabolic change in Brassica rapa (var. Raapstelen). The (1)H-NMR analysis followed by the application of chemometric methods revealed a number of metabolic consequences. Among the metabolites that showed variation, glucosinolates and hydroxycinnamic acids conjugated with malates were found to be the discriminating metabolites as were primary metabolites like carbohydrates and amino acids. This study shows that the effects of Cu and Fe on plant metabolism were larger than those of Mn and that the metabolomic changes varied not only according to the type of metal but also according to its concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jahangir
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section of Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden RA, The Netherlands
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Karthikesan K, Pari L. Caffeic acid alleviates the increased lipid levels of serum and tissues in alcohol-induced [hepatotoxicity in] rats. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2008; 22:523-7. [PMID: 18752532 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2008.00621.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ethanol is one of the most widely used and abused drugs that increases lipid levels in human and experimental animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of caffeic acid (CA) on alcohol-induced alterations of lipid levels in serum, liver and kindey of Wistar rats. The alcohol toxicity was induced by oral administration of ethanol (7.9 g/kg/bw) for 45 days through intragastric intubation. The elevation in the levels of lipids upon alcohol administration was accompanied by a significant increase in the levels of cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) in serum, liver and kidney. Oral administration of CA (12 mg/kg/bw) to alcohol fed rats significantly decreased the serum and tissue lipid levels to near those of the control rats. In conclusion, our study suggests that oral administration of CA to alcohol fed rats markedly reduced the accumulation of cholesterol, TG, FFA and PL in circulation, liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnamoorthy Karthikesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608002, Tamilnadu, India
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Veljovic-Jovanovic S, Kukavica B, Navari-Izzo F. Characterization of polyphenol oxidase changes induced by desiccation of Ramonda serbica leaves. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2008; 132:407-16. [PMID: 18248509 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2007.01040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Resurrection plants are able to dehydrate/rehydrate rapidly without cell damage by a mechanism, the understanding of which may be of ecological importance in the adaptation of crop plants to dry conditions. The o-diphenol oxidase in Ramonda serbica Pan. & Petrov, a rare resurrection plant of the Balkan Peninsula, was characterized in respect to different isoforms, preferable substrates and specific inhibitors. Two anionic isoforms with pI 4.6 and 4.7 were separated from turgid leaves. Three additional anionic isoforms (pI 5.1, 5.3 and 5.6) and three neutral isoforms (pI from 6.8 to 7.4) were induced in desiccated leaves. Based on apparent K(m) values, the affinity for reducing substrates decreased as follows: methyl catechol > chlorogenic acid > 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine > caffeic acid > pyrogallol. Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity was specifically sensitive to diethyldithiocarbamate and also inhibited by KCN, DTT and salicylic hydroxamic acid but with no inhibitory effect of Na3N. Plants were subjected to drought-to-near complete water loss (approximately 2% relative water content, RWC) and several fold higher PPO activity was detected in desiccated leaves. Ramonda leaves contain high levels of phenolics, which decreased during drought. Rehydration of dry leaves from 2% RWC to 95% RWC led to transient inhibition of PPO in the first few hours. Within a day, the levels completely recovered to those determined in desiccated leaves. The finding of desiccation-induced high activity of PPO and new isoforms, which were also present in rehydrated turgid leaves, indicates a substantial role for PPO in the adaptation mechanism of resurrection plants to desiccation and also to the oxidative stress during rehydration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Veljovic-Jovanovic
- Center for Multidisciplinary Studies, Belgrade University, Kneza Viseslava 1a, 11030 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Efficacy of caffeic acid in preventing nickel induced oxidative damage in liver of rats. Chem Biol Interact 2008; 173:77-83. [PMID: 18405891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 02/27/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni), a major environmental pollutant, is known for its wide toxic manifestations. In the present study caffeic acid (CA), one of the most commonly occurring phenolic acids in fruits, grains and dietary supplements, was evaluated for its protective effect against the Ni induced oxidative damage in liver. In this investigation, Ni (20 mg/kg body weight) was administered intraperitoneally for 20 days to induce toxicity. CA was administered orally (15, 30 and 60 mg/kg body weight) for 20 days with intraperitoneal administration of Ni. Ni induced liver damage was clearly shown by the increased activities of serum hepatic enzymes namely aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) along with increased elevation of lipid peroxidation indices (thiobarbituric reactive acid substances (TBARS) and lipid hydroperoxides). The toxic effect of Ni was also indicated by significantly decreased levels of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E). CA administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight significantly reversed the activities of hepatic marker enzymes to their near normal levels when compared with other two doses. In addition, CA significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and restored the levels of antioxidant defense in the liver. All these changes were supported by histological observations. The results indicate that CA may be beneficial in ameliorating the Ni induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats.
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