Associations of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene variants with pituitary adenoma

Association of KDR (rs2071559, rs1870377), CFH (rs1061170, rs1410996) genes variants and serum levels with pituitary adenoma

INTRODUCTION

Pituitary adenomas (PA) are slow-growing, benign tumors that usually do not metastasize to other body organs. Although they are referred to as benign, tumor growth can eventually put pressure on nearby structures, spread to surrounding tissues, and cause symptoms. The exact cause of PA is unknown, and the pathogenesis is multifactorial.

METHODS

Our study included PA patients and healthy volunteers. Genomic DNA was extracted using the DNA salting-out method. All participants were genotyped for the KDR rs2071559, rs1870377, CFH rs1061170, and rs1410996 polymorphisms. Serum levels of KDR and CFH were examined using the ELISA method.

RESULTS

The results of the present study showed that KDR rs2071559 A allele was associated with the occurrence of PA, hormonally active PA, invasive PA, and PA without recurrence development. KDR rs1870377 increased the probability of invasive PA and PA recurrence. CFH rs1061170 C allele was associated with hormonally active PA and the T allele was associated with non-invasive PA development.

CONCLUSION

KDR rs2071559, rs1870377, and CFH rs1061170 could be potential biomarkers associated with PA.

Molecular Markers of Telomerase Complex for Patients with Pituitary Adenoma

Pituitary adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumor of the pituitary gland. The pathogenesis of most PA is considered as a multifactorial process, that involves genetic mutations, alterations in gene transcription, and epigenetic factors. Their interaction promotes tumorigenesis. The processes are increasingly focused on changes in telomere length. Our study enrolled 126 patients with PA and 368 healthy subjects. DNA samples from peripheral blood leukocytes were purified by the DNA salting-out method. The RT-PCR carried out SNPs and relative leukocyte telomere lengths (RLTL). ELISA determined the level of TEP1 in blood serum. Binary logistic regression revealed that TERC rs35073794 is likely associated with increased odds of PA development and macro-PA development. It is also associated with decreased odds of active PA, non-invasive PA, and PA without relapse development. Also, we discovered that PA patients with at least one G allele of the TEP1 gene polymorphism rs1713418 have lower serum TEP1 levels than healthy individuals (p = 0.035). To conclude, the study revealed that TERC rs35073794 might be a potential biomarker for PA development.

RP1L1 rs3924612 gene polymorphism and RP1L1 protein associations among patients with early age-related macular degeneration

BACKGROUND

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most common causes of blindness in developed world countries. It mainly affects the elderly. The incidence of the disease is only slightly below that of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to determine the association of RP1L1 single nucleotide polymorphism and serum RP1L1 levels with the onset of the early AMD.

AIM

The aim of this study was to determine the association of RP1L1 single nucleotide polymorphism with the onset of the early age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

METHODS

The study examined 615 subjects: 309 with a diagnosis of the early AMD and 306 healthy controls. Samples of DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes were extracted by the DNA salting-out method. Genotyping was carried out by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum levels of RP1L1 protein were evaluated using an ELISA kit. The results were assessed using the statistical analysis method of "IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0".

RESULTS

We have found that the RP1L1 rs3924612 C/G genotype increases the odds of the early AMD development in females (p <.05/2). Also, we found that RP1L1 rs3924612 C/G and G/G genotypes increase the odds of the early AMD in the age group of 56-68 years (p < .05/2). Serum RP1L1 levels were evaluated in study groups but no statistically significant associations were found.

CONCLUSION

Based on these results we concluded that RP1L1 rs3924612 polymorphism was associated with the early AMD development, but not with the RP1L1 level changes.

Do TRIB1 and IL-9 Gene Polymorphisms Impact the Development and Manifestation of Pituitary Adenoma?

BACKGROUND/AIM

To evaluate the association between TRIB1(rs6987702) and IL-9(rs1859430, rs2069870) genotypes with the development and manifestation of pituitary adenoma (PA).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study group included 141 patients with PA and the control group consisted of 287 healthy people. The genotyping of rs6987702, rs1859430 and rs2069870 was carried out using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS

Statistically significant results were obtained regarding the rs1859430, but there were no significant results regarding rs6987702. We found that the rs1859430 A/A genotype increased the odds of having recurrent PA six times (p=0.006) under the co-dominant model and four times (p=0.021) under the recessive model. Furthermore, the analysis showed that the G/A genotype increased the odds of having recurrent PA 2.3 times (p=0.003) under the co-dominant model, while G/A and A/A genotypes increased the odds 2.7 times (p=0.011) under the over-dominant model.

CONCLUSION

Certain genotypes of rs1859430 can be associated with PA recurrence.

TBX15 rs98422, DNM3 rs1011731, RAD51B rs8017304, and rs2588809 Gene Polymorphisms and Associations With Pituitary Adenoma

BACKGROUND

Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a benign tumor of parenchymal cells in the adenohypophysis, and it's development is strongly associated with genetic factors.This study aim was to find whether TBX15 rs98422, DNM3 rs1011731, RAD51B rs8017304, and rs2588809 single nucleotide polymorphisms can be associated with pituitary adenoma. While the TBX15 gene belongs to the T-box family of genes and is a transcription factor involved in many developmental processes, the DNM3 encodes a protein that is a member of the dynamin family with mechanochemical properties involved in actin-membrane processes, predominantly in membrane budding, and the RAD51B gene plays a significant role in homologous recombination in DNA repair for genome stability.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study enrolled 113 patients with pituitary adenoma and 283 healthy control subjects. DNA samples were extracted and purified from peripheral blood leukocytes. Genotyping was carried out using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results were assessed using binomial logistic regression.

RESULTS

Our study revealed that RAD51B rs2588809 TT genotype could be associated with PA development in the co-dominant (OR=6.833; 95% CI=2.557-18.262; p<0.001) and recessive (OR=7.066; 95% CI=2.667-18.722; p<0.001) models. The same results were observed in females but not in males and PA without recurrence, while in PA with recurrence, no statistically significant results were obtained.

CONCLUSION

RAD51B rs2588809 TT genotype may increase the odds of PA development in women; it may also be associated with non-recurrent PA development.

Revealing the Role of High-Density Lipoprotein in Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly prevalent malignancy with multifactorial etiology, which includes metabolic alterations as contributors to disease development. Studies have shown that lipid status disorders are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis. In line with this, previous studies have also suggested that the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level decreases in patients with CRC, but more recently, the focus of investigations has shifted toward the exploration of qualitative properties of HDL in this malignancy. Herein, a comprehensive overview of available evidences regarding the putative role of HDL in CRC will be presented. We will analyze existing findings regarding alterations of HDL-C levels but also HDL particle structure and distribution in CRC. In addition, changes in HDL functionality in this malignancy will be discussed. Moreover, we will focus on the genetic regulation of HDL metabolism, as well as the involvement of HDL in disturbances of cholesterol trafficking in CRC. Finally, possible therapeutic implications related to HDL will be presented. Given the available evidence, future studies are needed to resolve all raised issues concerning the suggested protective role of HDL in CRC, its presumed function as a biomarker, and eventual therapeutic approaches based on HDL.

SIRT1 (rs3740051) role in pituitary adenoma development

Background

Our purpose was to determine if SIRT1 (rs4746720, rs3740051) genotypes have an influence on the development of pituitary adenoma (PA).

Methods

The study group included 142 patients with pituitary adenoma (PA) and the control group consisted of 826 healthy people. The genotyping of SIRT1 (rs4746720, rs3740051) was carried out using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.

Results

Statistically significant results were obtained in the analysis of SIRT1 rs3740051. Significant differences in genotype (G/G, G/A, A/A) distribution were obtained comparing patients with PA without recurrence and PA with recurrence (0, 17.9, 82.1% vs. 6.7, 6.7, 86.7%, respectively, p = 0.022). Also, statistically significant differences were observed when comparing the genotype (G/G, G/A, A/A) distribution in the non-invasive PA group and the invasive PA group (3.4, 25.9, 70.7% vs. 0, 8.3, 91.7%, respectively, p = 0.003), and allele G was less frequently observed in invasive PA, than in non-invasive PA (4.2% vs. 16.4%, p < 0,001). Further analysis revealed that G/A (OR = 0.261; 95% CI:0.099–0.689; p = 0.007) and each allele A (OR = 0.229; 95% CI:0.091–0.575; p = 0.002) were associated with lower odds of occurring an invasive PA.

Conclusions

Our study revealed that SIRT1 rs3740051 is associated with PA recurrence and invasiveness. The haplotype containing alleles C-A in rs12778366-rs3740051 was found to be associated with increased odds of PA development as well.