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Markowska A, Tarnacka B. Molecular Changes in the Ischemic Brain as Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Targets-TMS and tDCS Mechanisms, Therapeutic Challenges, and Combination Therapies. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1560. [PMID: 39062133 PMCID: PMC11274560 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability. As the currently used neurorehabilitation methods present several limitations, the ongoing research focuses on the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). NIBS methods were demonstrated to modulate neural excitability and improve motor and cognitive functioning in neurodegenerative diseases. However, their mechanisms of action are not fully elucidated, and the clinical outcomes are often unpredictable. This review explores the molecular processes underlying the effects of TMS and tDCS in stroke rehabilitation, including oxidative stress reduction, cell death, stimulation of neurogenesis, and neuroprotective phenotypes of glial cells. A highlight is put on the newly emerging therapeutic targets, such as ferroptotic and pyroptotic pathways. In addition, the issue of interindividual variability is discussed, and the role of neuroimaging techniques is investigated to get closer to personalized medicine. Furthermore, translational challenges of NIBS techniques are analyzed, and limitations of current clinical trials are investigated. The paper concludes with suggestions for further neurorehabilitation stroke treatment, putting the focus on combination and personalized therapies, as well as novel protocols of brain stimulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Markowska
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland;
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Gorenshtein A, Liba T, Leibovitch L, Stern S, Stern Y. Intervention modalities for brain fog caused by long-COVID: systematic review of the literature. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2951-2968. [PMID: 38695969 PMCID: PMC11176231 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07566-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Individuals suffering from long-COVID can present with "brain fog", which is characterized by a range of cognitive impairments, such as confusion, short-term memory loss, and difficulty concentrating. To date, several potential interventions for brain fog have been considered. Notably, no systematic review has comprehensively discussed the impact of each intervention type on brain fog symptoms. We included studies on adult (aged > 18 years) individuals with proven long- COVID brain-fog symptoms from PubMed, MEDLINE, Central, Scopus, and Embase. A search limit was set for articles published between 01/2020 and 31/12/2023. We excluded studies lacking an objective assessment of brain fog symptoms and patients with preexisting neurological diseases that affected cognition before COVID-19 infection. This review provided relevant information from 17 studies. The rehabilitation studies utilized diverse approaches, leading to a range of outcomes in terms of the effectiveness of the interventions. Six studies described noninvasive brain stimulation, and all showed improvement in cognitive ability. Three studies described hyperbaric oxygen therapy, all of which showed improvements in cognitive assessment tests and brain perfusion. Two studies showed that the use of Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin (PEA-LUT) improved cognitive impairment. Noninvasive brain stimulation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy showed promising results in the treatment of brain fog symptoms caused by long-COVID, with improved perfusion and cortical excitability. Furthermore, both rehabilitation strategies and PEA-LUT administration have been associated with improvements in symptoms of brain fog. Future studies should explore combinations of interventions and include longer follow-up periods to assess the long-term effects of these treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Gorenshtein
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
| | - Tom Liba
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | | | - Shai Stern
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Yael Stern
- Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
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Li K, Fu C, Xie Z, Zhang J, Zhang C, Li R, Gao C, Wang J, Xue C, Zhang Y, Deng W. The impact of physical therapy on dysphagia in neurological diseases: a review. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1404398. [PMID: 38903410 PMCID: PMC11187312 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1404398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
A neurogenic dysphagia is dysphagia caused by problems with the central and peripheral nervous systems, is particularly prevalent in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and stroke. It significantly impacts the quality of life for affected individuals and causes additional burdens, such as malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, asphyxia, or even death from choking due to improper eating. Physical therapy offers a non-invasive treatment with high efficacy and low cost. Evidence supporting the use of physical therapy in dysphagia treatment is increasing, including techniques such as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, sensory stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. While initial studies have shown promising results, the effectiveness of specific treatment regimens still requires further validation. At present, there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide patient selection, develop appropriate treatment regimens, and accurately evaluate treatment outcomes. Therefore, the primary objectives of this review are to review the results of existing research, summarize the application of physical therapy in dysphagia management, we also discussed the mechanisms and treatments of physical therapy for neurogenic dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Cuiyuan Fu
- Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhen Xie
- Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | | | - Rui Li
- Shandong Daizhuang Hospital, Jining, China
| | | | | | - Chuang Xue
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Center and Hangzhou Seventh People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Toktas N, Duruturk N, Güzel Ş, Yürük Ö, Özen S. The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on balance, gait function and quality of life in patients with stroke. Neurol Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38825035 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2362583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used in various neurological diseases due to its positive effects on cortical excitability. The aim of our study is to examine the effects of tDCS in stroke and 28 patients with stroke were randomly divided into two groups as intervention and control groups. Balance was evaluated with the Timed Up and Go Test and Berg Balance Scale. Walking functions were evaluated using the 10-meter Walk Test and the 6 Minutes Walk Test, lower extremity function was evaluated by Fugl Meyer Lower Extremity Scale, quality of life by Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL). A task-oriented physiotherapy and rehabilitation program was applied to both groups. In addition to the task-oriented program, anodal tDCS was applied in the intervention group and carried out with a current of 2 mA, 5 days a week, 20 min, for a total of 4 weeks. In the control group, after the flow was opened for 30 s and the patient felt a tingling sensation, it was turned off without the patient noticing. As a result, significant improvement was obtained in all parameters in both groups (p < 0.05). At the difference values of both groups, only SS-QOL mobility subgroup was significant and other parameters were not significant. Considering all these results, it can be seen that tDAS applied in addition to the task-oriented training program in individuals with stroke makes a positive contribution to the patients' balance, walking function and quality of life. We think that tDAS may be a feasible and safe additional approach in this patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehir Toktas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Duruturk
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Şükran Güzel
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özlem Yürük
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Özen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kaurani P, Moreira de Marchi Apolaro AV, Kunchala K, Maini S, Rges HAF, Isaac A, Lakkimsetti M, Raake M, Nazir Z. Advances in Neurorehabilitation: Strategies and Outcomes for Traumatic Brain Injury Recovery. Cureus 2024; 16:e62242. [PMID: 39006616 PMCID: PMC11244718 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) consists of an external physical force that causes brain function impairment or pathology and globally affects 50 million people each year, with a cost of 400 billion US dollars. Clinical presentation of TBI can occur in many forms, and patients usually require prolonged hospital care and lifelong rehabilitation, which leads to an impact on the quality of life. For this narrative review, no particular method was used to extract data. With the aid of health descriptors and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms, a search was thoroughly conducted in databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. After the application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, a total of 146 articles were effectively used for this review. Results indicate that rehabilitation after TBI happens through neuroplasticity, which combines neural regeneration and functional reorganization. The role of technology, including artificial intelligence, virtual reality, robotics, computer interface, and neuromodulation, is to impact rehabilitation and life quality improvement significantly. Pharmacological intervention, however, did not result in any benefit when compared to standard care and still needs further research. It is possible to conclude that, given the high and diverse degree of disability associated with TBI, rehabilitation interventions should be precocious and tailored according to the individual's needs in order to achieve the best possible results. An interdisciplinary patient-centered care health team and well-oriented family members should be involved in every stage. Lastly, strategies must be adequate, well-planned, and communicated to patients and caregivers to attain higher functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi Kaurani
- Neurology, DY Patil University School of Medicine, Navi Mumbai , IND
| | | | - Keerthi Kunchala
- Internal Medicine, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati, IND
| | - Shriya Maini
- Medicine and Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
| | - Huda A F Rges
- Mental Health, National Authority for Mental Health and Psychosocial Support, Benghazi, LBY
| | - Ashley Isaac
- General Medicine, Isra University Hospital, Hyderabad, PAK
| | | | | | - Zahra Nazir
- Internal Medicine, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, PAK
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Ruiz-López I, Victoria-Montesinos D, Martínez-Fuentes J. Knowledge domains and emerging trends in non-invasive brain stimulation: A bibliometric analysis via CiteSpace. BIOMEDICA : REVISTA DEL INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SALUD 2024; 44:139-150. [PMID: 39079146 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.7040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent decades, new non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and protocols have been developed, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation. OBJECTIVE To identify and visualize the intellectual structure of non-invasive brain stimulation through document co-citation analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed 30,854 Web of Science-indexed manuscripts and their 1,615,692 references regarding non-invasive brain stimulation, all published from 1988 to 2022. We drew a document co-citation network map using CiteSpace software. RESULTS The most productive journal was Clinical Neurophysiology. The most published institution was the University College London, and the country with the most reports was the USA. The most productive author was Alvaro Pascual-Leone and the most cited author in the non-invasive brain stimulation field was J. C. Rothwell. In addition, the most cited study was that of Rossi et al. (2009). The safe application of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and their effects on motor or executive functions is an emerging trend in this research area. CONCLUSIONS The current investigation displayed a quantitative scientometric approach and delved into the advancement of non-invasive brain stimulation research by examining the references published in this domain. These findings can be valuable for professionals to picture the patterns of recognition and emerging directions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Ruiz-López
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, España
| | | | - Juan Martínez-Fuentes
- Facultad de Fisioterapia, Podología y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, España
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Cheng J, Jiang Y, Rao T, Yang Y, Liu Y, Zhan Y, Yang S. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-stroke non-fluent aphasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1348695. [PMID: 38751884 PMCID: PMC11094331 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1348695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on language function in patients with non-fluent aphasia post-stroke. Methods We selected randomized clinical trials (RCT) that involved stroke patients with non-fluent aphasia, whose intervention was rTMS vs. no therapy or other therapy. Two researchers autonomously reviewed the literature based on the specified criteria for inclusion and exclusion and completed the process of data extraction, data verification, and quality evaluation. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata MP 17, while the assessment of risk of bias was carried out utilizing the Risk of Bias version 2 tool (RoB2). Results The meta-analysis involved 47 RCTs, encompassing 2,190 patients overall. The indexes indicated that rTMS has the potential to decrease the severity of non-fluent aphasia in stroke patients, including improvement of the capability of repetition, naming, and spontaneous language. The determination of BDNF in the serum of patients was also increased. In addition, rTMS reduced the likelihood of depression in stroke patients. Conclusion To summarize the relevant studies, rTMS has significant effects on improving the language abilities of stroke patients suffering from non-fluent aphasia, including the abilities of repetition, naming, and spontaneous language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yijing Jiang
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ting Rao
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yihan Yang
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhan
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shanli Yang
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
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Khosravi MH, Louras M, Martens G, Kaux JF, Thibaut A, Lejeune N. A Scoping Review on the Use of Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques for Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms. Biomedicines 2024; 12:450. [PMID: 38398052 PMCID: PMC10887310 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of managing persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS), existing treatments like pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and physical rehabilitation show only moderate effectiveness. The emergence of neuromodulation techniques in PPCS management has led to debates regarding optimal stimulation parameters and their overall efficacy. METHODS this scoping review involved a comprehensive search of PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, focusing on controlled studies examining the therapeutic potential of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques in adults with PPCS. RESULTS Among the 940 abstracts screened, only five studies, encompassing 103 patients (12 to 29 per study), met the inclusion criteria. These studies assessed the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), or repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), applied to specific brain regions (i.e., the left dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) or left motor cortex (M1)) for addressing cognitive and psychological symptoms, headaches, and general PPCSs. The results indicated improvements in cognitive functions with tDCS. In contrast, reductions in headache intensity and depression scores were observed with rTMS, while no significant findings were noted for general symptoms with rTMS. CONCLUSION although these pilot studies suggest promise for rTMS and tDCS in PPCS management, further research with larger-scale investigations and standardized protocols is imperative to enhance treatment outcomes for PPCS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hossein Khosravi
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Centre du Cerveau², University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Louras
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Centre du Cerveau², University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Martens
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Sport & Trauma Applied Research Lab, University of Montréal, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
| | - Jean-François Kaux
- Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine and Sport Traumatology Department, University Hospital of Liège, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Aurore Thibaut
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Centre du Cerveau², University Hospital of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Lejeune
- Coma Science Group, GIGA Consciousness, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- CHN William Lennox, 1340 Ottignies, Belgium
- Institute of NeuroScience, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Wang C, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Zhao D, Xu Y, Liu Z, Wu C, Wu S, Yong M, Wu L. Comparative efficacy of different repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocols for lower extremity motor function in stroke patients: a network meta-analysis. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1352212. [PMID: 38426021 PMCID: PMC10902063 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1352212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lower extremity motor dysfunction is one of the most severe consequences after stroke, restricting functional mobility and impairing daily activities. Growing evidence suggests that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can improve stroke patients' lower extremity motor function. However, there is still controversy about the optimal rTMS protocol. Therefore, we compared and analyzed the effects of different rTMS protocols on lower extremity motor function in stroke patients using network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods We systematically searched CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases (from origin to 31 December 2023). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or crossover RCTs on rTMS improving lower extremity motor function in stroke patients were included. Two authors independently completed article screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. RevMan (version 5.4) and Stata (version 17.0) were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 38 studies with 2,022 patients were eligible for the NMA. The interventions included HFrTMS-M1, LFrTMS-M1, iTBS-Cerebellum, iTBS-M1, dTMS-M1, and Placebo. The results of NMA showed that LFrTMS-M1 ranked first in FMA-LE and speed, and HFrTMS-M1 ranked first in BBS, TUGT, and MEP amplitude. The subgroup analysis of FMA-LE showed that HFrTMS-M1 was the best stimulation protocol for post-stroke time > 1 month, and LFrTMS-M1 was the best stimulation protocol for post-stroke time ≤ 1 month. Conclusion Considering the impact of the stroke phase on the lower extremity motor function, the current research evidence shows that HFrTMS-M1 may be the preferred stimulation protocol to improve the lower extremity motor function of patients for post-stroke time > 1 month, and LFrTMS-M1 for post-stroke time ≤ 1 month. However, the above conclusion needs further analysis and validation by more high-quality RCTs.Systematic Review Registration:www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42023474215).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengshuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Linli Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanan Xu
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zejian Liu
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Sports Medicine, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Health, Tianjin University of Sport, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengzhu Wu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Neck-Shoulder and Lumbocrural Pain Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingjin Yong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Lianyungang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lianyungang, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Beijing Xiaotangshan Hospital, Beijing, China
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Li X, Dai J, Liu Q, Zhao Z, Zhang X. Efficacy and safety of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive function for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:174-186. [PMID: 38150769 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Based on existing evidence of the effects of the most commonly used non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), which includes transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the cognitive improvement and safety of NIBS on schizophrenia-related cognitive impairment. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias of the included RCTs; Review Manager, version 5.4.1, was used to perform the statistical analysis. Twenty double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trials involving 997 patients were included. As a result, no significant improvement in cognitive function was observed after NIBS treatment. However, the overall treatment effect of the two main NIBS modes (i.e., rTMS and tDCS) was associated with significantly larger improvements in negative symptoms and good tolerability in patients with schizophrenia compared to sham-controls (SMD = -0.56, 95% CI [-1.03, -0.08], p = 0.02, I2 = 88%). NIBS model and stimulus parameters influenced the effect of NIBS. More favorable effects were observed in patients who received rTMS stimulation (SMD = 0.25, 95% CI [0.01, 0.49], p = 0.04, I2 = 0%) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with a stimulation intensity of 20 Hz (p = 0.004) for a period longer than 1 month (p < 0.05). Yet, due to the limited number of included studies and heterogeneity in both study design and target population, the results of this analysis need to be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Li
- Neurology Department, Cangzhou City Center Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, China.
| | - Jie Dai
- Neurology Department, Cangzhou City Center Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Qingran Liu
- Neurology Department, Cangzhou City Center Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Zhenying Zhao
- Neurology Department, Cangzhou City Center Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- Neurology Department, Cangzhou City Center Hospital, Cangzhou, 061000, China
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Han ZX, Xu T, Wang JS. Occupational therapy combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for treatment of spinal cord injury with gastrointestinal dysfunction. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2024; 32:50-57. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v32.i1.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) with gastrointestinal dysfunction, the recovery of neurological function is not ideal. Occupational therapy combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is expected to complement each other, exert their respective advantages, and improve the quality of patients' rehabilitation.
AIM To observe the therapeutic effect of occupational therapy combined with rTMS in patients with SCI accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction.
METHODS A total of 150 patients with SCI and gastrointestinal dysfunction who met the selection criteria from June 2020 to March 2023 were randomly divided into two control groups and one observation group, with 50 patients in each group, using the random number table method. The two control groups were treated with either occupational therapy or rTMS alone, and the observation group was treated with occupational therapy combined with rTMS for three courses. The therapeutic effect was observed, as well as neuroelectrophysiology [tibial somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) and motion-evoked potential (MEP)], peripheral blood cytokines [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)], muscle strength scores of key muscles of lower limbs, intestinal function [neurologic bowel dysfunction (NBD), Cleveland Incontinence Score, Wexner Constipation Score, and Bristol stool grading], limb function recovery indicators [Barthel Index (BI), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM) Scale, and Berg Balance Scale (BBS)] before and after treatment.
RESULTS The total effective rate in the observation group was 94.00%, which was higher than that of the occupational therapy group (74.00%) and the rTMS group (80.00%) (P < 0.05). After 1 and 3 treatment courses, the latent levels of SEP and MEP of the tibial nerve in ascending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group, and the peak levels of SEP and MEP of the tibial nerve in descending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group (P < 0.05); the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TGF-β1 in ascending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group (P < 0.05), and the muscle strength scores of key muscle groups of lower limbs in descending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group (P < 0.05); the NBD, Cleveland incontinence score, and Wexner constipation score in ascending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group, while BI, FEM, and BBS scores in ascending order were the observation group, rTMS group, and occupational therapy group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION Compared with either rTMS or occupational therapy alone, their combination can reduce immune inflammatory response, improve impaired limb movement and intestinal function in patients with SCI accompanied by gastrointestinal dysfunction, and help them return to their families and society better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Xian Han
- Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Wang
- Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
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Han C, Tang J, Tang B, Han T, Pan J, Wang N. The effectiveness and safety of noninvasive brain stimulation technology combined with speech training on aphasia after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36880. [PMID: 38215135 PMCID: PMC10783273 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the effectiveness of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technology in assisting rehabilitation is widely recognized, its therapeutic efficacy in patients with poststroke aphasia (PSA) requires further validation. Here, we aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of the NIBS technique combined with speech training in PSA by traditional Meta-analysis and to compare the intervention effects of the 2 NIBS techniques by Network meta-analysis. METHODS Randomized controlled trials of the NIBS technique combined with speech training for treating PSA in 9 databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI, and 2 clinical trial registries were searched by computer. Literature screening was performed using EndNote X9 software, and data analysis and presentation of results were performed using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 17.0 software. RESULTS Screening yielded 17 studies with 1013 patients with PSA. Meta-analysis showed that aphasia quotient scores were higher in the intervention group than in the control group [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.63, 1.49), Z = 4.80, P < .00001]; Western aphasia battery scores on all 4 subscales were higher than those of the control group, the spontaneous language score is [SMD = 0.62, 95% CI (0.46, 0.78), Z = 7.52, P < .00001], the listening comprehension score is [SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.30, 0.62), Z = 5.62, P < .00001], the repetition score is [SMD = 1.14, 95% CI (0.59, 1.70), Z = 4.04, P < .0001], the naming score is [SMD = 1.06, 95% CI (0.79, 1.32), Z = 7.85, P < .00001]; The effective rate of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group [odd ratio = 4.19, 95% CI (2.39, 7.37), Z = 4.99, P < .00001]. The results of the Network meta-analysis showed that the best probability ranking of the 2 NIBS techniques combined with speech training in improving aphasia quotient scores was repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation group (92.2%) > transcranial direct current stimulation group (55.7%). Regarding safety, it was not found that the NIBS technique combined with speech training to treat PSA increases the risk of adverse reactions. CONCLUSION The NIBS technique combined with speech training can effectively improve the recovery of language function in PSA patients with minimal adverse effects, and the clinic can give priority to r TMS combined with speech training in treating PSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congli Han
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jiqin Tang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- The First Clinical Medical College of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Bingshun Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jienuo Pan
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Chamorro-Hinojosa JA, Molina-Rueda F, Carratalá-Tejada M. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in the Treatment of Gait Disturbance in Post-Stroke Patients: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9301. [PMID: 38067673 PMCID: PMC10708691 DOI: 10.3390/s23239301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a promising technique for brain modulation after a cerebrovascular accident (CVA). This treatment modality has been previously studied in the recovery of patients. The aim of this review is to analyse the evidence for the application of tDCS in the recovery of gait disturbance in stroke patients. METHODS This review was conducted according to the recommendations of the PRISMA statement. Three different electronic databases were searched for relevant results: PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, from 2015 to January 2022. We included reviews and meta-analyses that only considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation, in combination or not with other physiotherapy treatments, compared to no treatment, usual care, or alternative treatment on gait recovery. Our primary outcomes of interest were walking speed, mobility, and endurance; secondary outcomes included motor function. RESULTS Thirteen studies with a total of 195 RCTs were included. Data on population, outcome measures, protocols, and outcomes were extracted. The Amstar-2 scale and the GRADE system of certainty of evidence were used. Only one study received high certainty of evidence, 5 received low certainty of evidence, and 7 received critically low certainty of evidence. Moderate to low-quality evidence showed a beneficial effect of tDCS on gait parameters, but not significantly. CONCLUSIONS Although the tDCS produces positive changes in gait recovery in spatio-temporal parameters such as mobility, endurance, strength, and motor function, there is insufficient evidence to recommend this treatment. Higher-quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed for stronger conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francisco Molina-Rueda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain;
| | - María Carratalá-Tejada
- Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Spain;
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Evancho A, Tyler WJ, McGregor K. A review of combined neuromodulation and physical therapy interventions for enhanced neurorehabilitation. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1151218. [PMID: 37545593 PMCID: PMC10400781 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1151218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rehabilitation approaches for individuals with neurologic conditions have increasingly shifted toward promoting neuroplasticity for enhanced recovery and restoration of function. This review focuses on exercise strategies and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques that target neuroplasticity, including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). We have chosen to focus on non-invasive neuromodulation techniques due to their greater potential for integration into routine clinical practice. We explore and discuss the application of these interventional strategies in four neurological conditions that are frequently encountered in rehabilitation settings: Parkinson's Disease (PD), Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), stroke, and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Additionally, we discuss the potential benefits of combining non-invasive neuromodulation with rehabilitation, which has shown promise in accelerating recovery. Our review identifies studies that demonstrate enhanced recovery through combined exercise and non-invasive neuromodulation in the selected patient populations. We primarily focus on the motor aspects of rehabilitation, but also briefly address non-motor impacts of these conditions. Additionally, we identify the gaps in current literature and barriers to implementation of combined approaches into clinical practice. We highlight areas needing further research and suggest avenues for future investigation, aiming to enhance the personalization of the unique neuroplastic responses associated with each condition. This review serves as a resource for rehabilitation professionals and researchers seeking a comprehensive understanding of neuroplastic exercise interventions and non-invasive neuromodulation techniques tailored for specific diseases and diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Evancho
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - William J. Tyler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Keith McGregor
- Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Studies, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Zhou L, Jin Y, Wu D, Cun Y, Zhang C, Peng Y, Chen N, Yang X, Zhang S, Ning R, Kuang P, Wang Z, Zhang P. Current evidence, clinical applications, and future directions of transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for ischemic stroke. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1177283. [PMID: 37534033 PMCID: PMC10390744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1177283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive brain neurostimulation technique that can be used as one of the adjunctive treatment techniques for neurological recovery after stroke. Animal studies have shown that TMS treatment of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved neurological dysfunction in model rats. In addition, clinical case reports have also shown that TMS treatment has positive neuroprotective effects in stroke patients, improving a variety of post-stroke neurological deficits such as motor function, swallowing, cognitive function, speech function, central post-stroke pain, spasticity, and other post-stroke sequelae. However, even though numerous studies have shown a neuroprotective effect of TMS in stroke patients, its possible neuroprotective mechanism is not clear. Therefore, in this review, we describe the potential mechanisms of TMS to improve neurological function in terms of neurogenesis, angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, antioxidant, and anti-apoptosis, and provide insight into the current clinical application of TMS in multiple neurological dysfunctions in stroke. Finally, some of the current challenges faced by TMS are summarized and some suggestions for its future research directions are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Danli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yongdan Cun
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Chengcai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yicheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xichen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Simei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Ning
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zuhong Wang
- Kunming Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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Liu A, Gong C, Wang B, Sun J, Jiang Z. Non-invasive brain stimulation for patient with autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1147327. [PMID: 37457781 PMCID: PMC10338880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1147327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in randomized controlled trials (RCT), providing a reference for future research on the same topic. Methods Five databases were searched (Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library) and tracked relevant references, Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results Twenty-two references (829 participants) were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that NIBS had positive effects on repetitive and stereotypical behaviors, cognitive function, and executive function in autistic patients. Most of the included studies had a moderate to high risk of bias, Mainly because of the lack of blinding of subjects and assessors to treatment assignment, as well as the lack of continuous observation of treatment effects. Conclusion Available evidence supports an improvement in some aspects of NIBS in patients with ASD. However, due to the quality of the original studies and significant publication bias, this evidence must be treated with caution. Further large multicenter randomized double-blind controlled trials and appropriate follow-up observations are needed to further evaluate the specific efficacy of NIBS in patients with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annan Liu
- Jiamusi University Affiliated No.3 Hospital, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chao Gong
- Jiamusi Medical College, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bobo Wang
- Jiamusi Medical College, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiaxing Sun
- Jiamusi Medical College, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhimei Jiang
- Jiamusi University College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
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Navarro EA, Navarro-Modesto E. A mathematical model and experimental procedure to analyze the cognitive effects of audio frequency magnetic fields. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1135511. [PMID: 37250701 PMCID: PMC10218710 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1135511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Audio frequency magnetic fields (20 Hz-20 kHz) are magnetic fields in extremely low frequency-very low frequency (ELF-VLF) bands that are present near audio equipment and acoustic transducers. These devices transform and operate the electrical signal from the recordings or other devices into acoustic and audio signals. The cognitive influence of sound and noise has been widely studied and recognized since the times of ancient Rome; however, the cognitive effects of the magnetic fields of these frequencies have not been studied. Due to the extensive use of audio devices that use this type of transducer near the temporal-parietal area, we believe that it is of interest to study their impact on short-term memory or working memory (WM) and to analyze their potential as they operate as a transcranial magnetic stimulation. In this study, a mathematical model and an experimental tool are introduced to analyze memory performance. The model dissociates the reaction time of a cognitive task. We analyze the model in data from a group of 65 young, healthy subjects. WM is assessed in our experimental setup by means of the Sternberg test (ST), whereby during the ST, one subgroup was exposed to an audio frequency magnetic stimulus, and the other subgroup received a sham stimulus. The magnetic stimulus was ~0.1 μT and was applied to both sides of the head at the frontal cortex near the temporal-parietal area, which is where WM is expected to be located. The ST records reaction times when determining whether an object displayed on the computer screen is one of the objects to be remembered. The results are analyzed within the mathematical model and changes are observed, including the deterioration of WM, which could affect 32% of its operability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique A. Navarro
- Departament de Informàtica, ETSE, Universitat de València, València, Spain
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Wei Y, Wang X. Biological effects of rotating magnetic field: A review from 1969 to 2021. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 178:103-115. [PMID: 36574882 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
As one of the common variable magnetic fields, rotating magnetic field (RMF) plays a crucial role in modern human society. The biological effects of RMF have been studied for over half a century, and various results have been discovered. Several reports have shown that RMF can inhibit the growth of various types of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo and improve clinical symptoms of patients with advanced cancer. It can also affect endogenous opioid systems and rhythm in central nerve systems, promote nerve regeneration and regulate neural electrophysiological activity in the human brain. In addition, RMF can influence the growth and metabolic activity of some microorganisms, alter the properties of fermentation products, inhibit the growth of some harmful bacteria and increase the susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to common antibiotics. Besides, there are other biological effects of RMF on blood, bone, prenatal exposure, enzyme activity, immune function, aging, parasite, endocrine, wound healing, and plants. These discoveries demonstrate that RMF have great application potential in health care, medical treatment, fermentation engineering, and even agriculture. However, in some cases like pregnancy, RMF exposure may need to be avoided. Finally, the specific mechanisms of RMF's biological effects remain unrevealed, despite various hypotheses and theories. It does not prevent us from using it for our good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Wei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518061, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518061, China.
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