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Park SJ, Yang S, Kim JM, Kang JH, Kim JE, Huh KH, Lee SS, Yi WJ, Heo MS. Automatic and robust estimation of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs using a multi-task deep learning network: a study on a South Korean population. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:1741-1757. [PMID: 38467754 PMCID: PMC11164743 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-024-03204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Sex and chronological age estimation are crucial in forensic investigations and research on individual identification. Although manual methods for sex and age estimation have been proposed, these processes are labor-intensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. The purpose of this study was to estimate sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs automatically and robustly using a multi-task deep learning network (ForensicNet). ForensicNet consists of a backbone and both sex and age attention branches to learn anatomical context features of sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs and enables the multi-task estimation of sex and chronological age in an end-to-end manner. To mitigate bias in the data distribution, our dataset was built using 13,200 images with 100 images for each sex and age range of 15-80 years. The ForensicNet with EfficientNet-B3 exhibited superior estimation performance with mean absolute errors of 2.93 ± 2.61 years and a coefficient of determination of 0.957 for chronological age, and achieved accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity values of 0.992, 0.993, and 0.990, respectively, for sex prediction. The network demonstrated that the proposed sex and age attention branches with a convolutional block attention module significantly improved the estimation performance for both sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs of elderly patients. Consequently, we expect that ForensicNet will contribute to the automatic and accurate estimation of both sex and chronological age from panoramic radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Jin Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Su Yang
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jun-Min Kim
- Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Hansung University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jo-Eun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Applied Bioengineering, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Irwin SP, Ryan JB, Baluyot RF, Solivan-Ortiz AM, Schindler DK, Graver JD, Vandewalle KS. Assessing the Use of Radiographs Alone to Determine Air Force Dental Readiness Classification. Mil Med 2024:usae315. [PMID: 38894664 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usae315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Air Force Dental Service is responsible for ensuring that airmen are dentally ready to support military operations worldwide by delivering top-tier dental care. As the military healthcare landscape undergoes significant changes, the Air Force Dental Service has explored innovative approaches to dental care delivery. One consideration involves the potential use of radiographs as the primary tool for assessing service members' dental conditions, specifically focusing on identifying nondeployable conditions and periodontal health. MATERIALS AND METHODS Providers who previously participated as examiners in the 2018 Air Force Recruit Oral Health Study were recruited to re-evaluate randomly selected de-identified records, this time making assessments exclusively based on radiographs. Their evaluations included Dental Readiness Classification (DRC) determinations, total caries counts, and Periodontal Screening and Recording (PSR) index scores, providers also rated their confidence in these conclusions using a 5-point Likert scale. The study then computed sensitivity and specificity to assess the diagnostic performance of providers using radiographs only compared to the original study results that use the gold standard of radiographs with a clinical examination. RESULTS Providers exceled at ruling out most DRC 3 conditions, with specificities surpassing 70%. Positively identifying those with DRC 3, particularly radiographically identifying periodontal conditions posed challenges with computed sensitivity rates as low as 8%. Discrepancies in PSR scores also accentuated limitations in relying solely on radiographs, where provider's radiographically determined PSR scores that matched less than one third of the time. In general, providers had low to very low confidence in their assessments. CONCLUSIONS The study strongly cautions against relying solely on radiographs for determining the dental health of U.S. Air Force personnel. While providers effectively ruled out the absence of certain conditions, the challenge of positively identifying DRC 3 conditions poses significant risks to oral health if such a workflow was utilized. Particularly, the high probability of false negatives would be detrimental to the operational readiness of military personnel. Therefore, results support the continued use of radiographic and clinical examinations for comprehensive dental exams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott P Irwin
- Dental Research and Consultation Service, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - J Brett Ryan
- Dental Research and Consultation Service, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Rondre F Baluyot
- Minot AFB Dental Clinic, Minot 5th AFB Medical Group, Minot AFB, ND 58704, USA
| | | | - David K Schindler
- Dental Research and Consultation Service, U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
| | - Jay D Graver
- Uniformed Services University Postgraduate Dental College, JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234, USA
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Kazimierczak W, Wajer R, Wajer A, Kalka K, Kazimierczak N, Serafin Z. Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy of an AI-Driven Platform for Assessing Endodontic Treatment Outcomes Using Panoramic Radiographs: A Preliminary Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3401. [PMID: 38929931 PMCID: PMC11203965 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an AI-driven platform, Diagnocat (Diagnocat Ltd., San Francisco, CA, USA), for assessing endodontic treatment outcomes using panoramic radiographs (PANs). Materials and Methods: The study included 55 PAN images of 55 patients (15 males and 40 females, aged 12-70) who underwent imaging at a private dental center. All images were acquired using a Hyperion X9 PRO digital cephalometer and were evaluated using Diagnocat, a cloud-based AI platform. The AI system assessed the following endodontic treatment features: filling probability, obturation adequacy, density, overfilling, voids in filling, and short filling. Two human observers independently evaluated the images, and their consensus served as the reference standard. The diagnostic accuracy metrics were calculated. Results: The AI system demonstrated high accuracy (90.72%) and a strong F1 score (95.12%) in detecting the probability of endodontic filling. However, the system showed variable performance in other categories, with lower accuracy metrics and unacceptable F1 scores for short filling and voids in filling assessments (8.33% and 14.29%, respectively). The accuracy for detecting adequate obturation and density was 55.81% and 62.79%, respectively. Conclusions: The AI-based system showed very high accuracy in identifying endodontically treated teeth but exhibited variable diagnostic accuracy for other qualitative features of endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kazimierczak
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Jagiellońska 13-15, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, Marii Skłodowskiej Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Kazimierczak Private Medical Practice, Dworcowa 13/u6a, 85-009 Bydgoszcz, Poland (N.K.)
| | - Róża Wajer
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, Marii Skłodowskiej Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Adrian Wajer
- Dental Primus, Poznańska 18, 88-100 Inowrocław, Poland
| | - Karol Kalka
- Kazimierczak Private Medical Practice, Dworcowa 13/u6a, 85-009 Bydgoszcz, Poland (N.K.)
| | - Natalia Kazimierczak
- Kazimierczak Private Medical Practice, Dworcowa 13/u6a, 85-009 Bydgoszcz, Poland (N.K.)
| | - Zbigniew Serafin
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Jagiellońska 13-15, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, Marii Skłodowskiej Curie 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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Gil YM, Lee BD. Effectiveness of using concept mapping by dental students in the radiographic interpretation of jaw diseases. J Dent Educ 2024. [PMID: 38795325 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interpretation of dental radiographs is a difficult process, particularly for inexperienced students. This study introduced concept mapping for dental students to help in the radiographic interpretation of common jaw lesions. We aimed to analyze the efficacy of the concept map (CM) in radiographic interpretation, with a discussion of the diagnostic reasoning dilemma. METHODS This study included 39 dental students. After a 1-h class for CM guidance and based on three group discussions and one-on-one feedback, the students completed and submitted CMs for three jaw diseases (ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, and simple bone cyst). All participants underwent a pretest and posttest of knowledge and diagnosis; all students but one completed an open-ended questionnaire regarding the use of CMs. RESULTS Concept mapping effectively improved diagnostic accuracy. The participants' posttest scores were better than their pretest scores in both knowledge and diagnostic tests. Most of the students attempted radiographic interpretation through analytic reasoning. The time required for the students to draw a CM varied from student to student from 3-5 h to 1-3 days. CONCLUSION This study shows that CMs can improve the radiographic diagnostic ability of dental students by providing a framework for analytic reasoning. Continuous research is warranted to improve the effectiveness of CM in oral radiographic interpretation in the dental student's class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Min Gil
- Department of Dental Education, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Byung-Do Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, College of Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
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Oguen-Alon T, Bilder L, Giladi HZ, Gutmacher Z, Mayer Y. Analyzing Oral Health Conditions in Sex Workers-A Comparative Retrospective Clinical and Radiographic Study. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:110. [PMID: 38668022 PMCID: PMC11048831 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study highlights the oral health condition of female sex workers (SWs), who face increased risks associated with habits such as excessive alcohol and tobacco use. These behaviors heighten the likelihood of issues like oral cancer and dental diseases, underscoring the need for targeted health interventions. The study examines the oral health disparities between SWs and the general population (GP). A retrospective study analyzed the health records of 40 SWs and 40 controls matched by age and gender who were examined between 1 January 2020 and 30 May 2023. Intra-oral and panoramic radiographs, alongside clinical examination, were used to evaluate missing teeth, periodontal bone support, and caries. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to compare dental health indicators. A comparative analysis of these 80 patients revealed significant disparities: SWs had a higher incidence of missing teeth (5.8 ± 7.3 vs. 0.7 ± 1.4, p < 0.01) and caries (6.1 ± 6.2 vs. 0.8 ± 1.2, p < 0.05) compared to the GP. The DMFT (Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth) index was notably higher in SWs (16.1 ± 8.09) than in the GP (7.95 ± 5.48, p < 0.001). Additionally, 12% of SWs used removable dentures, unlike the GP. This study underscores significant oral health challenges in SWs, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare strategies to improve their health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahel Oguen-Alon
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3525408, Israel
| | - Leon Bilder
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3525408, Israel
| | - Hadar Zigdon Giladi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3525408, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zvi Gutmacher
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3525408, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yaniv Mayer
- Department of Periodontology, School of Graduate Dentistry, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 3525408, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
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Gwak M, Yun JP, Lee JY, Han SS, Park P, Lee C. Attention-guided jaw bone lesion diagnosis in panoramic radiography using minimal labeling effort. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4981. [PMID: 38424124 PMCID: PMC10904826 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing a deep-learning-based diagnostic model demands extensive labor for medical image labeling. Attempts to reduce the labor often lead to incomplete or inaccurate labeling, limiting the diagnostic performance of models. This paper (i) constructs an attention-guiding framework that enhances the diagnostic performance of jaw bone pathology by utilizing attention information with partially labeled data; (ii) introduces an additional loss to minimize the discrepancy between network attention and its label; (iii) introduces a trapezoid augmentation method to maximize the utility of minimally labeled data. The dataset includes 716 panoramic radiograph data for jaw bone lesions and normal cases collected and labeled by two radiologists from January 2019 to February 2021. Experiments show that guiding network attention with even 5% of attention-labeled data can enhance the diagnostic accuracy for pathology from 92.41 to 96.57%. Furthermore, ablation studies reveal that the proposed augmentation methods outperform prior preprocessing and augmentation combinations, achieving an accuracy of 99.17%. The results affirm the capability of the proposed framework in fine-grained diagnosis using minimally labeled data, offering a practical solution to the challenges of medical image analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseon Gwak
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Pil Yun
- Manufacturing AI Research Center, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Incheon, 21999, Republic of Korea
- KITECH School, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - PooGyeon Park
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chena Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Farajollahi M, Safarian MS, Hatami M, Esmaeil Nejad A, Peters OA. Applying artificial intelligence to detect and analyse oral and maxillofacial bone loss-A scoping review. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:720-734. [PMID: 37439465 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Radiographic evaluation of bone changes is one of the main tools in the diagnosis of many oral and maxillofacial diseases. However, this approach to assessment has limitations in accuracy, inconsistency and comparatively low diagnostic efficiency. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms like deep learning networks have been introduced as a solution to overcome these challenges. Based on recent studies, AI can improve the detection accuracy of an expert clinician for periapical pathology, periodontal diseases and their prognostication, as well as peri-implant bone loss. Also, AI has been successfully used to detect and diagnose oral and maxillofacial lesions with a high predictive value. This study aims to review the current evidence on artificial intelligence applications in the detection and analysis of bone loss in the oral and maxillofacial regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Farajollahi
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Safarian
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Hatami
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Esmaeil Nejad
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ove A Peters
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
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Karagöz A, Beler M, Altun BD, Ünal İ, Cansız D, Gündüz H, Alturfan AA, Emekli-Alturfan E, Erçalık Yalçınkaya Ş. Panoramic dental X-ray exposure leads to oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis-mediated developmental defects in zebrafish embryos. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2023; 124:101661. [PMID: 37866507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2023.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Panoramic x-ray units are widely used in dental radiodiagnostics. Patients are exposed to relatively low radiation doses with panoramic imaging, but considering lifetime frequency of exposure, even a small risk can have serious health consequences. Our aim was to assess the effects of panoramic x-rays at two different exposure times on developing zebrafish embryos, focusing on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptotic pathways, and development. Zebrafish embryos were divided into three groups: control, standard panoramic (SPE, 5.5 s exposure time) and pedodontic panoramic x-ray group (PPE, 4.8 s exposure time). Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters were used to measure absorbed doses. Mean radiation doses for SPE and PPE were 7.83 mSv and 5.83 mSv respectively. At the end of 96 h post-fertilization, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase were measured in the embryos. Expressions of genes related with inflammation (tnfα, il6, ill15, il21), immunoregulation (ifng) and apoptosis (p53, bax, casp2, casp3, casp8) were determined by RT-PCR. Even at reduced doses at high-speed mode, developmental toxicity was observed in both groups as evidenced by decreased pigmentation, yolk sac oedema, and spinal curvature. While deterioration of oxidant-antioxidant balance, suppression of immune response, induction of inflammation and apoptosis were observed through increased LPO, NO, decreased GSH, ifng, and increased expressions of genes related with inflammation and apoptosis, these effects were more pronounced in the SPE group. These results demonstrate the influence of exposure time and indicate the need for further consideration of optimal panoramic modes from a radiation-induced damage perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atakan Karagöz
- Department Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merih Beler
- Department Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Dilara Altun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - İsmail Ünal
- Department Biochemistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Derya Cansız
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Kavacık, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Gündüz
- Epsilon Landauer Dosimeter Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ata Alturfan
- Department of Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ebru Emekli-Alturfan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Şebnem Erçalık Yalçınkaya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Icoz D, Terzioglu H, Ozel MA, Karakurt R. Evaluation of an artificial intelligence system for the diagnosis of apical periodontitis on digital panoramic images. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:1085-1090. [PMID: 37635600 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_624_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aims The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an artificial intelligence (AI) system in the detection of roots with apical periodontitis (AP) on digital panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods Three hundred and six panoramic radiographs containing 400 roots with AP (an equal number for both jaws) were used to test the diagnostic performance of an AI system. Panoramic radiographs of the patients were selected with the terms 'apical lesion' and 'apical periodontitis' from the archive and then with the agreement of two oral and maxillofacial radiologists. The radiologists also carried out the grouping and determination of the lesion borders. A deep learning (DL) model was built and the diagnostic performance of the model was evaluated by using recall, precision, and F measure. Results The recall, precision, and F-measure scores were 0.98, 0.56, and 0.71, respectively. While the number of roots with AP detected correctly in the mandible was 169 of 200 roots, it was only 56 of 200 roots in the maxilla. Only four roots without AP were incorrectly identified as those with AP. Conclusions The DL method developed for the automatic detection of AP on digital panoramic radiographs showed high recall, precision, and F measure values for the mandible, but low values for the maxilla, especially for the widened periodontal ligament (PL)/uncertain AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Icoz
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Turkey
| | - H Terzioglu
- Electrical Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Selcuk University, Turkey
| | - M A Ozel
- Private Practice, Department of Research and Development, Aydin Spare Parts Industry, Turkey
| | - R Karakurt
- Beyhekim Oral and Dental Health Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Konya, Turkey
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Unal Erzurumlu Z, Sadik E, Gokkurt BN, Ozbey F, Erzurumlu K, Kasko Arici Y. Morphological evaluation of gonial and antegonial regions in bruxers on panoramic radiographic images. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:457. [PMID: 37420199 PMCID: PMC10327333 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03162-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first study to report both cortical and trabecular bone evaluation of mandibles in bruxers, within the knowledge of the authors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of bruxism on both the cortical and the trabecular bone in antegonial and gonial regions of the mandible, which is the attachment of the masticatory muscles, by using panoramic radiographic images. METHODS In this study, the data of 65 bruxer (31 female, 34 male) and 71 non-bruxer (37 female, 34 male) young adult patients (20-30 years) were evaluated. Antegonial Notch Depth (AND), Antegonial-Index (AI), Gonial-Index, Fractal Dimension (FD) and Bone Peaks (BP) were evaluated on panoramic radiographic images. The effects of the bruxism, gender and side factors were investigated according to these findings. The statistical significance level was set atP ≤ 0.05. RESULTS The mean AND of bruxers (2.03 ± 0.91) was significantly higher than non-bruxers (1.57 ± 0.71; P < 0.001). The mean AND of males was significantly higher than females on both sides (P < 0.05). The mean AI of bruxers (2.95 ± 0.50) was significantly higher than non-bruxers (2.77 ± 0.43; P = 0.019). The mean FD on each side was significantly lower in bruxers than in non-bruxers (P < 0.05). The mean FD of males (1.39 ± 0.06) was significantly higher than females (1.37 ± 0.06; P = 0.049). BP were observed in 72.5% of bruxers and 27.5% of non-bruxers. The probability of existing BP, in bruxers was approximately 3.4 times higher than in non-bruxers (P = 0.003), in males was approximately 5.5 times higher than in females (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION According to the findings of this study, the morphological differences seen in cortical and trabecular bone in the antegonial and gonial regions of the mandible in bruxers can be emphasized as deeper AND, higher AI, increased of existing BPs, and lower FD, respectively. The appearance of these morphological changes on radiographs may be useful for indication and follow-up of bruxism. Gender is an effective factor on AND, existing BP and FD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zerrin Unal Erzurumlu
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Turkey
| | - Elif Sadik
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Turkey
| | - Busra Nur Gokkurt
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Turkey
| | - Furkan Ozbey
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, 52200, Turkey.
| | - Kerem Erzurumlu
- Computer Science and Engineer, Department of Computer Programming, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Kasko Arici
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
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Kim HS, Ha EG, Lee A, Choi YJ, Jeon KJ, Han SS, Lee C. Refinement of image quality in panoramic radiography using a generative adversarial network. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230007. [PMID: 37129509 PMCID: PMC10304845 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop and assess the clinical usefulness of a generative adversarial network (GAN) model for improving image quality in panoramic radiography. METHODS Panoramic radiographs obtained at Yonsei University Dental Hospital were randomly selected for study inclusion (n = 100). Datasets with degraded image quality (n = 400) were prepared using four different processing methods: blur, noise, blur with noise, and blur in the anterior teeth region. The images were distributed to the training and test datasets in a ratio of 9:1 for each group. The Pix2Pix GAN model was trained using pairs of the original and degraded image datasets for 100 epochs. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity index measure (SSIM) were obtained for the test dataset, and two oral and maxillofacial radiologists rated the quality of clinical images. RESULTS Among the degraded images, the GAN model enabled the greatest improvement in those with blur in the region of the anterior teeth but was least effective in improving images exhibiting blur with noise (PSNR, 36.27 > 32.74; SSIM, 0.90 > 0.82). While the mean clinical image quality score of the original radiographs was 44.6 out of 46.0, the highest and lowest predicted scores were observed in the blur (45.2) and noise (36.0) groups. CONCLUSION The GAN model developed in this study has the potential to improve panoramic radiographs with degraded image quality, both quantitatively and qualitatively. As the model performs better in refining blurred images, further research is required to identify the most effective methods for handling noisy images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Sun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Gyu Ha
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University College of Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ari Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Joo Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kug Jin Jeon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
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12
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Zhang Y, Ye F, Chen L, Xu F, Chen X, Wu H, Cao M, Li Y, Wang Y, Huang X. Children's dental panoramic radiographs dataset for caries segmentation and dental disease detection. Sci Data 2023; 10:380. [PMID: 37316638 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
When dentists see pediatric patients with more complex tooth development than adults during tooth replacement, they need to manually determine the patient's disease with the help of preoperative dental panoramic radiographs. To the best of our knowledge, there is no international public dataset for children's teeth and only a few datasets for adults' teeth, which limits the development of deep learning algorithms for segmenting teeth and automatically analyzing diseases. Therefore, we collected dental panoramic radiographs and cases from 106 pediatric patients aged 2 to 13 years old, and with the help of the efficient and intelligent interactive segmentation annotation software EISeg (Efficient Interactive Segmentation) and the image annotation software LabelMe. We propose the world's first dataset of children's dental panoramic radiographs for caries segmentation and dental disease detection by segmenting and detecting annotations. In addition, another 93 dental panoramic radiographs of pediatric patients, together with our three internationally published adult dental datasets with a total of 2,692 images, were collected and made into a segmentation dataset suitable for deep learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhang
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 310000, China
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai, 310000, Japan
- Lishui University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Geriatric Stomatology Hospital, Hangzhou Dental Hospital Group, Hangzhou, 310000, China
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Fan Ye
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | | | - Feng Xu
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaodiao Chen
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
- College of Media Engineering, Communication University of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hongkun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 310000, China.
| | - Mingguo Cao
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, 323000, China
| | - Yunxiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, 75390, USA
| | - Yaqi Wang
- College of Media Engineering, Communication University of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
| | - Xingru Huang
- Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
- School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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13
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Zhu J, Chen Z, Zhao J, Yu Y, Li X, Shi K, Zhang F, Yu F, Shi K, Sun Z, Lin N, Zheng Y. Artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of dental diseases on panoramic radiographs: a preliminary study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:358. [PMID: 37270488 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) has been introduced to interpret the panoramic radiographs (PRs). The aim of this study was to develop an AI framework to diagnose multiple dental diseases on PRs, and to initially evaluate its performance. METHODS The AI framework was developed based on 2 deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs), BDU-Net and nnU-Net. 1996 PRs were used for training. Diagnostic evaluation was performed on a separate evaluation dataset including 282 PRs. Sensitivity, specificity, Youden's index, the area under the curve (AUC), and diagnostic time were calculated. Dentists with 3 different levels of seniority (H: high, M: medium, L: low) diagnosed the same evaluation dataset independently. Mann-Whitney U test and Delong test were conducted for statistical analysis (ɑ=0.05). RESULTS Sensitivity, specificity, and Youden's index of the framework for diagnosing 5 diseases were 0.964, 0.996, 0.960 (impacted teeth), 0.953, 0.998, 0.951 (full crowns), 0.871, 0.999, 0.870 (residual roots), 0.885, 0.994, 0.879 (missing teeth), and 0.554, 0.990, 0.544 (caries), respectively. AUC of the framework for the diseases were 0.980 (95%CI: 0.976-0.983, impacted teeth), 0.975 (95%CI: 0.972-0.978, full crowns), and 0.935 (95%CI: 0.929-0.940, residual roots), 0.939 (95%CI: 0.934-0.944, missing teeth), and 0.772 (95%CI: 0.764-0.781, caries), respectively. AUC of the AI framework was comparable to that of all dentists in diagnosing residual roots (p > 0.05), and its AUC values were similar to (p > 0.05) or better than (p < 0.05) that of M-level dentists for diagnosing 5 diseases. But AUC of the framework was statistically lower than some of H-level dentists for diagnosing impacted teeth, missing teeth, and caries (p < 0.05). The mean diagnostic time of the framework was significantly shorter than that of all dentists (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The AI framework based on BDU-Net and nnU-Net demonstrated high specificity on diagnosing impacted teeth, full crowns, missing teeth, residual roots, and caries with high efficiency. The clinical feasibility of AI framework was preliminary verified since its performance was similar to or even better than the dentists with 3-10 years of experience. However, the AI framework for caries diagnosis should be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhua Zhu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yueyuan Yu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kangjian Shi
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Keying Shi
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nengjie Lin
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanna Zheng
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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14
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Zecha JAEM, Laheij AMGA, Raber-Durlacher JE, Westermann AM, de Lange J, Smeele LE. Pre-Chemotherapy Dental Screening: Is There Additional Diagnostic Value for a Panoramic Radiograph? Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11050122. [PMID: 37232773 DOI: 10.3390/dj11050122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oral cavity is a potential source of infectious complications in patients treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy (CT). Pre-chemotherapy oral examination to identify foci of infection is recommended, but it is unclear whether this should include panoramic radiography. The present study aimed to evaluate the additional diagnostic merit of panoramic radiography as part of pre-CT oral screening. METHODS Patients with solid tumors scheduled to receive a myelosuppressive CT were eligible. The foci definition followed the guidelines of the Dutch Association of Maxillofacial Surgery. Oral foci assessed by clinical evaluation and panoramic radiography were compared. RESULTS In 33 out of 93 patients (35.5%), one or more foci were identified by clinical examination, whereas in 49.5% of patients, panoramic radiography showed pathology. In 19 patients, an oral focus was missed by clinical examination only, whereas in 11 patients, panoramic radiography indicated periodontal bone loss, but advanced periodontitis was not substantiated by clinical examination. CONCLUSIONS Panoramic radiographs complement clinical examinations and have additional diagnostic value. Nevertheless, the additional merit seems small, and the clinical relevance may vary depending on the anticipated risk of developing oral complications and the need for detailed diagnosis and rigorous elimination of oral foci prior to the start of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A E M Zecha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexa M G A Laheij
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith E Raber-Durlacher
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneke M Westermann
- Department of Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan de Lange
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig E Smeele
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology & Surgery, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Qutieshat A, Al Harthy N, Javanmardi S, Singh G, Chopra V, Aouididi R, Al Hanashi O, Al Arabi A. Prevalence of mesio-distal dilaceration in patients presenting for initial orthodontic care: A retrospective study. J Orthod Sci 2023; 12:13. [PMID: 37351395 PMCID: PMC10282518 DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_75_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of dilaceration in a sample of patients presenting for initial orthodontic care. METHODS Examining radiographs from a random sample of orthopantomogram images was used to acquire the data. In all, 2,801 dental records were evaluated at Oman Dental College (ODC), Oman. A dental X-ray processing software was utilized to view the images. A tooth was classified as having a mesial/distal dilaceration if its long axis exhibited an angle of 90 degrees or greater. Dilacerated roots in the buccal/lingual direction were diagnosed by observing the appearance of a spherical opaque area with a dark shadow in its central region, projected by the apical foramen, which gave the root canal a "bull's-eye" appearance. RESULTS Dilacerations were found in 17.32% of the records examined. The maxillary second molars (22.71%) were the most commonly affected, followed by the mandibular third molars and mandibular lateral incisors (21.90% and 17.23%, respectively). The central incisors and canines were the least affected, with dilaceration affecting less than 0.2% of the teeth. The mandible was found to have more dilacerations than the maxilla (53.78% and 46.22%, respectively). 61.03% of dilacerations occurred in molars, 43.12% of which occurred in third molars. CONCLUSION Dilaceration is a notable dental anomaly that can affect any tooth, with some teeth being more affected than others. Dilaceration in maxillary second molars and mandibular lateral incisors is more common in the population of this study than in other populations reported in the literature. Recognizing the condition will allow for more effective orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubaker Qutieshat
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dundee Dental Hospital and School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Nutayla Al Harthy
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
| | - Shahab Javanmardi
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
| | - Viresh Chopra
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
| | - Rayhana Aouididi
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Dawson Dental, Toronto, Canada
| | - Omar Al Hanashi
- Department of Adult Restorative Dentistry, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
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16
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Sabatino L, Pierri M, Iafrati F, Di Giovanni S, Moffa A, De Benedetto L, Passarelli PC, Casale M. Odontogenic Sinusitis from Classical Complications and Its Treatment: Our Experience. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020390. [PMID: 36830300 PMCID: PMC9952703 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) refers to the maxillary sinus infection, which is secondary to either adjacent infectious dental pathologies or procedures. The aim of this retrospective study is to report the experiences of the department of integrated therapies in otolaryngology (Campus Bio-Medico Foundation, Rome, Italy) in classifying and treating patients that are affected by odontogenic sinusitis derived from "classic complications". A total of 68 patients responding to the criteria and to the definition as a classical odontogenic complication were included. The surgical therapy consisted of a combined oral and nasal simultaneous approach for 28 patients (43%), a combined non-simultaneous approach for 4 patients (6%), a nasal only approach for 14 patients (21%), and an oral only approach for 20 patients (30%). All the patients presented a complete resolution of the symptoms. The choice of performing a nasal, oral, or combined approach is based on the presence of anatomical elements that facilitate sinusitis and reinfection occurrence, such as deviated nasal septum, concha bullosa, or obstructed osteo-meatal complex. The correct use of validated classification, the pre-operative CT scan, a multidisciplinary approach, and an appropriate presurgical examination are the necessary elements to obtain a good success rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Sabatino
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Michelangelo Pierri
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Iafrati
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Di Giovanni
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Moffa
- Department of Head and Neck, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi De Benedetto
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Pier Carmine Passarelli
- Department of Head and Neck, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Manuele Casale
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Unit of Integrated Therapies in Otolaryngology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 00128 Rome, Italy
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Yoo H, Park JB, Ko Y. Evaluation of health screening data for factors associated with peri-implant bone loss. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2022; 52:509-521. [PMID: 36584329 PMCID: PMC9807850 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203620181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Systemic health has a profound effect on dental treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate peri-implant bone loss and health screening data to discover factors that may influence peri-implant diseases. METHODS This study analyzed the panoramic X-rays of patients undergoing health screenings at the Health Promotion Center at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital in 2018, to investigate the relationship between laboratory test results and dental data. The patients' physical data, such as height, weight, blood pressure, hematological and urine analysis data, smoking habits, number of remaining teeth, alveolar bone level, number of implants, and degree of bone loss around the implant, were analyzed for correlations. Their associations with glycated hemoglobin, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and severity of periodontitis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS In total, 2,264 patients opted in for dental health examinations, of whom 752 (33.2%) had undergone dental implant treatment. These 752 patients had a total of 2,658 implants, and 129 (17.1%) had 1 or more implants with peri-implant bone loss of 2 mm or more. The number of these implants was 204 (7%). Body mass index and smoking were not correlated with peri-implant bone loss. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that the severity of periodontal bone loss (moderate bone loss: odds ratio [OR], 3.154; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.175-8.475 and severe bone loss: OR, 7.751; 95% CI, 3.003-20) and BUN (OR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.027-1.141) showed statistically significant predictive value. The severity of periodontitis showed greater predictive value than the biochemical parameters of blood glucose, renal function, and liver function. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that periodontal bone loss was a predictor of peri-implant bone loss, suggesting that periodontal disease should be controlled before dental treatment. Diligent maintenance care is recommended for patients with moderate to severe periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjong Yoo
- Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Park
- Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Departement of Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youngkyung Ko
- Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Departement of Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Post-Traumatic-Related Technical Errors in Orthopantomographic Imaging. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:medicines9120063. [PMID: 36547996 PMCID: PMC9785702 DOI: 10.3390/medicines9120063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: This study aimed at identifying errors encountered in orthopantomography (OPG) in post-traumatic patients caused by limitations in performing a correct technique. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed. Diagnosis, exposure/processing mistakes, positioning-related errors, and bimaxillary immobilization were evaluated. Results: Thirty panoramic radiographs with mandible fractures were examined. Twelve error types were encountered: errors in exposure or processing, air radiolucency in the palatoglossal space, errors in the alignment of the Frankfort horizontal plane: head in flexion, with a joyful expression or head extended, with a somber appearance, errors towards the mid-sagittal plane (lateral head inclination, deviation, or rotation), errors caused by the non-use of the bite-block or inappropriate position on the device, errors caused by positioning outside the focal plane, artifacts/shadow images produced by post-operative metal plates, and bimaxillary immobilization errors. The number of errors per radiograph ranged from two to a maximum of five. The most dominant ones were inappropriate alignment in the focal plane and lateral rotation of the head in over 70% of cases. Lateral deviation and palatoglossal air were present in more than 50% of images. Conclusions: In trauma cases, technical difficulties in obtaining a proper OPG image are common and often insurmountable, limiting the diagnosis.
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19
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Song IS, Shin HK, Kang JH, Kim JE, Huh KH, Yi WJ, Lee SS, Heo MS. Deep learning-based apical lesion segmentation from panoramic radiographs. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:351-357. [PMID: 36605863 PMCID: PMC9807797 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising artificial intelligence methods in the field of medical and dental research. CNNs can provide an effective diagnostic methodology allowing for the detection of early-staged diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep CNN algorithm for apical lesion segmentation from panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods A total of 1000 panoramic images showing apical lesions were separated into training (n=800, 80%), validation (n=100, 10%), and test (n=100, 10%) datasets. The performance of identifying apical lesions was evaluated by calculating the precision, recall, and F1-score. Results In the test group of 180 apical lesions, 147 lesions were segmented from panoramic radiographs with an intersection over union (IoU) threshold of 0.3. The F1-score values, as a measure of performance, were 0.828, 0.815, and 0.742, respectively, with IoU thresholds of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. Conclusion This study showed the potential utility of a deep learning-guided approach for the segmentation of apical lesions. The deep CNN algorithm using U-Net demonstrated considerably high performance in detecting apical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il-Seok Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jo-Eun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoe Huh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Jin Yi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sam-Sun Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Suk Heo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Aqlan M, Alahmadi L, Tallah Habib H, Nawawi E, Mona R, Sindi R. Prevalence of Total Edentulism and Panoramic Radiographic Findings of Totally Edentulous Patients in a Dental School in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e32334. [PMID: 36628022 PMCID: PMC9825734 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of total edentulism differs significantly between countries and between cities/regions within the same country. It can be affected by various factors, such as age, sex, and socioeconomic factors along with lifestyle and health behavior. Positive findings on panoramic radiographs are frequently observed in totally edentulous patients (TEP) during routine screening. Objectives This study aimed to retrospectively determine the prevalence of total edentulism and to evaluate the distribution and location of positive findings on panoramic radiographs of TEP at a dental school in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods A total of 12,428 digital panoramic radiographs of patients aged ≥35 years seeking treatment at a dental school from January 2018 to December 2021 were evaluated to determine the prevalence of total edentulism. Retained root stumps, impacted teeth, radiolucent, and radiopaque lesions were detected on the panoramic radiographs of the TEP. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results Among the 12,428 patients, 521 (4.2%) showed total edentulism on their panoramic radiographs. The prevalence of edentulism was the highest among patients aged >65 years (n=305, 4.5%), men (n=246, 4.2%), and non-Saudi citizens (n=300, 4.4%). A total of 198 radiographic findings were identified in 150 patients. The frequency rates of retained root stumps and impacted teeth were 19.2% (n=100) and 4.6% (n=24), respectively. Radiolucent and radiopaque lesions each accounted for 2.5% (n=13) of the lesions. Conclusions The prevalence of edentulism was higher in patients aged >65 years, male patients, and non-Saudi citizens. Retained root stumps were most often encountered among the four positive findings on panoramic radiographs. Considering the high frequency of positive radiographic findings in TEP, panoramic radiographs must be routinely obtained for TEP, but caution must be exercised to reduce the effects of radiation.
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Zhang L, Xu F, Li Y, Zhang H, Xi Z, Xiang J, Wang B. A lightweight convolutional neural network model with receptive field block for C-shaped root canal detection in mandibular second molars. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17373. [PMID: 36253430 PMCID: PMC9576767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid and accurate detection of a C-shaped root canal on mandibular second molars can assist dentists in diagnosis and treatment. Oral panoramic radiography is one of the most effective methods of determining the root canal of teeth. There are already some traditional methods based on deep learning to learn the characteristics of C-shaped root canal tooth images. However, previous studies have shown that the accuracy of detecting the C-shaped root canal still needs to be improved. And it is not suitable for implementing these network structures with limited hardware resources. In this paper, a new lightweight convolutional neural network is designed, which combined with receptive field block (RFB) for optimizing feature extraction. In order to optimize the hardware resource requirements of the model, a lightweight, multi-branch, convolutional neural network model was developed in this study. To improve the feature extraction ability of the model for C-shaped root canal tooth images, RFB has been merged with this model. RFB has achieved excellent results in target detection and classification. In the multiscale receptive field block, some small convolution kernels are used to replace the large convolution kernels, which allows the model to extract detailed features and reduce the computational complexity. Finally, the accuracy and area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) values of C-shaped root canals on the image data of our mandibular second molars were 0.9838 and 0.996, respectively. The results show that the deep learning model proposed in this paper is more accurate and has lower computational complexity than many other similar studies. In addition, score-weighted class activation maps (Score-CAM) were generated to localize the internal structure that contributed to the predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- grid.464423.3Department of Oral Medicine, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Xu
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
| | - Ying Li
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
| | - Ziyi Xi
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
| | - Jie Xiang
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
| | - Bin Wang
- grid.440656.50000 0000 9491 9632College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, No. 79, Yingze West Street, Taiyuan, 030024 Shanxi China
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22
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Martu C, Martu MA, Maftei GA, Diaconu-Popa DA, Radulescu L. Odontogenic Sinusitis: From Diagnosis to Treatment Possibilities-A Narrative Review of Recent Data. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1600. [PMID: 35885504 PMCID: PMC9319441 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The maxillary sinus is a structure at the border of specialties: otorhinolaryngology and maxillofacial surgery. Due to this fact, regarding etiology, it can be affected by both the rhinogenic and odontogenic path and can impose diagnostic difficulties. The etiopathogenic mechanisms that can affect the Schneiderian membrane are mainly inflammatory, iatrogenic, traumatic, and tumorous in nature. From a microbiological point of view, the bacteriology is polymorphic, including both aerobic and anaerobic species in acute OS, the predominating species in acute OS being aerobic, and in chronic anaerobic germs. The role of fungi in the determination of this pathology and in the production of the biofilm that leads to resistance to antibiotic treatment is also discussed. The present paper aims to present the etiopathogenesis, bacteriology, clinical manifestations, as well as treatment of odontogenic sinusitis (OS) from an updated perspective through reviewing the literature. If unilateral maxillary sinusitis is usually due to odontogenic causes, this does not clinically exclude the possibility of strictly rhinogenic causes in the occurrence of sinusitis. This underlines the important role of complex oral and rhinological clinical examination as well as the role of preclinical examinations in specifying the certainty diagnosis. Simple radiography, orthopantomography, CT, and CBCT are compared in terms of diagnostic accuracy. The treatment of OS is complex, involving medication, dental, and surgical measures. The value of endoscopic surgery is emphasized, comparing its advantages over the classic Caldwell-Luc technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Martu
- ENT Clinic Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.M.); (L.R.)
| | - Maria-Alexandra Martu
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - George-Alexandru Maftei
- Department of Dento-Alveolar Surgery and Oral Pathology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Diana Antonela Diaconu-Popa
- Department of Oral Implantology, Removable Dentures and Technology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Radulescu
- ENT Clinic Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (C.M.); (L.R.)
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Scott AM, Reed WM. Panoramic radiography and patients with disability: a new simple breathing technique to reduce common airspace error. J Med Radiat Sci 2022; 69:261-266. [PMID: 34984850 PMCID: PMC9163455 DOI: 10.1002/jmrs.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with intellectual disabilities often fail to follow traditional tongue position instructions for panoramic radiographs resulting in missed pathology or unnecessary further radiation. This simple breathing technique is a new clinical instruction method for panoramic radiography developed to reduce the most common patient position error: patient failure to hold the tongue to the roof of the mouth. The technique is suitable for all patients including young patients and those with intellectual disabilities. The simple breathing technique uses 'tell-show-do' communication methods and does not mention the tongue but utilises the known tongue positions that occur during breathing and swallowing. This simple breathing technique instruction for panoramic radiography uses a demonstration of 'breathe-in, breathe-out, swallow, lips closed and hold still' to reduce the intensity of both the palatoglossal and pharyngeal airspaces on panoramic radiographs. This method, referred in this article as the simple breathing technique, can improve the diagnostic potential of panoramic radiographs and can be used with young children and patients with intellectual disabilities, and this slow breathing technique can help them further relax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia M. Scott
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
| | - Warren M. Reed
- Medical Image Perception and Optimisation Group (MIOPeG), Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydney School of Health Sciences, The University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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24
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Deep Learning Application in Dental Caries Detection Using Intraoral Photos Taken by Smartphones. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A mobile-phone-based diagnostic tool, which most of the population can easily access, could be a game changer in increasing the number of examinations of people with dental caries. This study aimed to apply a deep learning algorithm in diagnosing the stages of smooth surface caries via smartphone images. Materials and methods: A training dataset consisting of 1902 photos of the smooth surface of teeth taken with an iPhone 7 from 695 people was used. Four deep learning models, consisting of Faster Region-Based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNNs), You Only Look Once version 3 (YOLOv3), RetinaNet, and Single-Shot Multi-Box Detector (SSD), were tested to detect initial caries lesions and cavities. The reference standard was the diagnosis of a dentist based on image examination according to the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) classification. Results: For cavitated caries, YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN showed the highest sensitivity among the four tested models, at 87.4% and 71.4%, respectively. The sensitivity levels of these two models were only 36.9 % and 26% for visually non-cavitated (VNC). The specificity of the four models reached above 86% for cavitated caries and above 71% for VNC. Conclusion: The clinical application of YOLOv3 and Faster R-CNN models for diagnosing dental caries via smartphone images was promising. The current study provides a preliminary insight into the potential translation of AI from the laboratory to clinical practice.
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25
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Moca AE, Ciavoi G, Todor BI, Negruțiu BM, Cuc EA, Dima R, Moca RT, Vaida LL. Validity of the Demirjian Method for Dental Age Estimation in Romanian Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9040567. [PMID: 35455611 PMCID: PMC9033145 DOI: 10.3390/children9040567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dental age assessment is useful in various medical fields. The Demirjian method for dental age estimation is one of the most widely used in the field of pediatric dentistry. The aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of the Demirjian method in determining age in a sample of girls and boys from Oradea, Romania. This retrospective and radiographic study was based on the evaluation of 1006 panoramic radiographs, belonging to 1006 patients (431 boys and 575 girls) with ages between 3 and 13.9 years from the city of Oradea, Romania. They were collected from three private dental practices from Oradea and were analyzed between 1 September 2021, and 10 November 2021. The patients were distributed into 11 age groups, each group spanning over one year (e.g., 3−3.9, 4−4.9). For the assessment of dental age, the Demirjian method was used, which is based on the evaluation of the developmental stages of the lower left permanent teeth. The mean chronological age of the patients was 9.496 ± 2.218 years, and the mean dental age was 10.934 ± 2.585 years. The overestimation of dental age was obtained in all age groups for the entire sample. As such, dental age was higher than chronological age, with values varying from 0.34 years in the 3−3.9 years age group to 1.7 years in the 10−10.9 years age group. In girls, dental age was higher than chronological age, with values varying from 0.46 years in the 3−3.9 years age group to 1.73 years in the 11−11.9 years age group, while in boys, the values varied from 0.15 years in the first age group to 2.02 years in the 10−10.9 years age group. The comparison of the differences between chronological age and dental age according to the gender of the patients revealed that the distribution of the differences was nonparametric in both groups according to the Shapiro−Wilk test (p < 0.05). The differences between the groups were not significant according to the Mann−Whitney U test. However, larger differences were identified for boys (1.46 years) than girls (1.417 years), with an overestimation of the dental age. The Demirjian method overestimated the age of the children included in the investigated sample, with different values for the different age groups investigated, and requires adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Emanuel Moca
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
| | - Gabriela Ciavoi
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (B.I.T.)
| | - Bianca Ioana Todor
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (B.I.T.)
| | - Bianca Maria Negruțiu
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
| | - Emilia Albinița Cuc
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
| | - Raluca Dima
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
| | - Rahela Tabita Moca
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 Universității Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Luminița Ligia Vaida
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania; (A.E.M.); (B.M.N.); (E.A.C.); (R.D.); (L.L.V.)
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Deep learning based diagnosis for cysts and tumors of jaw with massive healthy samples. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1855. [PMID: 35115624 PMCID: PMC8814152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to develop an explainable and reliable method to diagnose cysts and tumors of the jaw with massive panoramic radiographs of healthy peoples based on deep learning, since collecting and labeling massive lesion samples are time-consuming, and existing deep learning-based methods lack explainability. Based on the collected 872 lesion samples and 10,000 healthy samples, a two-branch network was proposed for classifying the cysts and tumors of the jaw. The two-branch network is firstly pretrained on massive panoramic radiographs of healthy peoples, then is trained for classifying the sample categories and segmenting the lesion area. Totally, 200 healthy samples and 87 lesion samples were included in the testing stage. The average accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score of classification are 88.72%, 65.81%, 66.56%, 92.66%, and 66.14%, respectively. The average accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and F1 score of classification will reach 90.66%, 85.23%, 84.27%, 93.50%, and 84.74%, if only classifying the lesion samples and healthy samples. The proposed method showed encouraging performance in the diagnosis of cysts and tumors of the jaw. The classified categories and segmented lesion areas serve as the diagnostic basis for further diagnosis, which provides a reliable tool for diagnosing jaw tumors and cysts.
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27
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Kaya E, Gunec HG, Aydin KC, Urkmez ES, Duranay R, Ates HF. A deep learning approach to permanent tooth germ detection on pediatric panoramic radiographs. Imaging Sci Dent 2022; 52:275-281. [PMID: 36238699 PMCID: PMC9530294 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20220050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the performance of a deep learning system for permanent tooth germ detection on pediatric panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods In total, 4518 anonymized panoramic radiographs of children between 5 and 13 years of age were collected. YOLOv4, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based object detection model, was used to automatically detect permanent tooth germs. Panoramic images of children processed in LabelImg were trained and tested in the YOLOv4 algorithm. True-positive, false-positive, and false-negative rates were calculated. A confusion matrix was used to evaluate the performance of the model. Results The YOLOv4 model, which detected permanent tooth germs on pediatric panoramic radiographs, provided an average precision value of 94.16% and an F1 value of 0.90, indicating a high level of significance. The average YOLOv4 inference time was 90 ms. Conclusion The detection of permanent tooth germs on pediatric panoramic X-rays using a deep learning-based approach may facilitate the early diagnosis of tooth deficiency or supernumerary teeth and help dental practitioners find more accurate treatment options while saving time and effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Kaya
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Gurkan Gunec
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kader Cesur Aydin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Recep Duranay
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Atlas University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Fehmi Ates
- Department of Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Ha EG, Jeon KJ, Kim YH, Kim JY, Han SS. Automatic detection of mesiodens on panoramic radiographs using artificial intelligence. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23061. [PMID: 34845320 PMCID: PMC8629996 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02571-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence model that can detect mesiodens on panoramic radiographs of various dentition groups. Panoramic radiographs of 612 patients were used for training. A convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on YOLOv3 for detecting mesiodens was developed. The model performance according to three dentition groups (primary, mixed, and permanent dentition) was evaluated, both internally (130 images) and externally (118 images), using a multi-center dataset. To investigate the effect of image preprocessing, contrast-limited histogram equalization (CLAHE) was applied to the original images. The accuracy of the internal test dataset was 96.2% and that of the external test dataset was 89.8% in the original images. For the primary, mixed, and permanent dentition, the accuracy of the internal test dataset was 96.7%, 97.5%, and 93.3%, respectively, and the accuracy of the external test dataset was 86.7%, 95.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. The CLAHE images yielded less accurate results than the original images in both test datasets. The proposed model showed good performance in the internal and external test datasets and had the potential for clinical use to detect mesiodens on panoramic radiographs of all dentition types. The CLAHE preprocessing had a negligible effect on model performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Gyu Ha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Kug Jin Jeon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Wu JH, Lee CY, Chang WT, Wu PH, Chen LA, Huang JW, Su WL, Kuo KK. The association between oral health status and the clinical outcome of cirrhotic patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:910-917. [PMID: 34288387 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation (LT) candidates often present with poor oral hygiene, which could potentially lead to systemic infections and sepsis owing to their cirrhotic state. In this study, we investigated the oral health status of LT candidates and propose guidance for the detection and treatment of encountered oral lesions among these patients. The decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index was determined through oral examination. The presence of dental calculus was detected using panoramic radiography and defined by the radiopaque dental calculus (RDC). From January 2011 to August 2018, 56 LT candidates were enrolled with a median follow-up of 39 months. The overall mean numbers of decayed, missing, and filled teeth among these patients were 2.7 ± 2.8, 10.9 ± 8.3, and 5.4 ± 4.5, respectively. Eighteen patients (32.1%) had RDC. The 5-year survival rates of all 56 patients was 57.7%, while that of those who either received LT (23 patients) or not were 82.1% and 39.8%, respectively. A Cox regression model revealed better overall survival of patients after LT (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 0.067, p = 0.001), worse survival among patients with RDC (aHR = 3.468, p = 0.010), at Child-Pugh stages B and C (aHR for stage B = 11.889, p = 0.028; aHR for stage C = 19.257, p = 0.013) compared to patients at Child-Pugh stage A, and those with a model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score ≥25 (aHR = 13.721, p = 0.018). This study demonstrates that RDC was associated with worse prognosis in LT candidates. We therefore recommend that interprofessional collaboration should be a routine preoperative procedure for the evaluation of oral hygiene among LT candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hui Wu
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yi Lee
- Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsan Chang
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Wu
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Ann Chen
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Pingtung Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Wei Huang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lung Su
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kung-Kai Kuo
- Division of General and Digestive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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30
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De Araujo Faria V, Azimbagirad M, Viani Arruda G, Fernandes Pavoni J, Cezar Felipe J, Dos Santos EMCMF, Murta Junior LO. Prediction of Radiation-Related Dental Caries Through PyRadiomics Features and Artificial Neural Network on Panoramic Radiography. J Digit Imaging 2021; 34:1237-1248. [PMID: 34254199 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-021-00487-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The prediction and detection of radiation-related caries (RRC) are crucial to manage the side effects of the head and the neck cancer (HNC) radiotherapy (RT). Despite the demands for the prediction of RRC, no study proposes and evaluates a prediction method. This study introduces a method based on artificial intelligence neural network to predict and detect either regular caries or RRC in HNC patients under RT using features extracted from panoramic radiograph. We selected fifteen HNC patients (13 men and 2 women) to analyze, retrospectively, their panoramic dental images, including 420 teeth. Two dentists manually labeled the teeth to separate healthy and teeth with either type caries. They also labeled the teeth by resistant and vulnerable, as predictive labels telling about RT aftermath caries. We extracted 105 statistical/morphological image features of the teeth using PyRadiomics. Then, we used an artificial neural network classifier (ANN), firstly, to select the best features (using maximum weights) and then label the teeth: in caries and non-caries while detecting RRC, and resistant and vulnerable while predicting RRC. To evaluate the method, we calculated the confusion matrix, receiver operating characteristic (ROC), and area under curve (AUC), as well as a comparison with recent methods. The proposed method showed a sensibility to detect RRC of 98.8% (AUC = 0.9869) and to predict RRC achieved 99.2% (AUC = 0.9886). The proposed method to predict and detect RRC using neural network and PyRadiomics features showed a reliable accuracy able to perform before starting RT to decrease the side effects on susceptible teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa De Araujo Faria
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mehran Azimbagirad
- Department of Medical Science and Health, University of Western Brittany, 12 Av Foch, IBRBS LATIM Lab, 29200, Brest, France.
| | - Gustavo Viani Arruda
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Fernandes Pavoni
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Languages, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joaquim Cezar Felipe
- Department of Computing and Mathematics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Languages, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Otavio Murta Junior
- Department of Computing and Mathematics, Faculty of Philosophy, Science and Languages, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Evaluation of Implant Survival by Analysing Dental Panoramic Radiographs: 10-Year Retrospective Study. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bjdm-2020-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Background/Aim: Panoramic radiographs have been used widely for pre-implant evaluation and the preparation of treatment protocols. Panoramic radiography is often the first choice method for the implant placements because it gives information on the overall shape of the jaws, the position of the maxillary sinus floor and the nasal cavity floor, and vertical position of the mandibular canal and the mental foramen in relation to dental implants. The specific aim of the present study was to evaluate 10-year survival rate of dental implants by analysis of dental panoramic radiographs.
Material and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 507 panoramic radiographs of 156 implant patients. Initial oral health status, proceedings of Restorative/Endodontic treatments before implant placement, missing number of teeth and edentulism types, finalization of implant related prosthetic treatments during controls, implant quality scorings at baseline/ controls and implant fails were analyzed.
Results: The study results reveal statistically significant difference between the performed R/E treatment rates, according to the need for R/E treatments (p= 0.008). During the initial radiograph 96.1% of the implants were successful and 3.9% had satisfactory survival. At last control 86% of the implants were successful, 10.3% had satisfactory survival, 1% had impairment in survival and 2.8% were unsuccessful. The change in the last control compared to the initial radiograph is statistically significant (p= 0.000) regarding satisfactory survival.
Conclusions: Long-term implant survival is not significantly affected by gender, age, type of edentulism, the presence of periodontal disease, R/E treatment needs, implant location, prosthesis type, and the presence of multiple implants.
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Vesala T, Ekholm M, Ventä I. Is dental panoramic tomography appropriate for all young adults because of third molars? Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:52-58. [PMID: 32529875 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2020.1776384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine, if a dental panoramic tomograph (DPT) is appropriate for every young adult due to third molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study sample consisted of 217 university students (20% men and 80% women; mean age 20.7 years; SD ± 0.6 years) and included a questionnaire about symptoms caused by third molars, clinical oral examination of third molars, and a DPT. Subjects were divided into the following groups: subjects with a clinical indication for a DPT and subjects without such indication. The DPTs were then examined for findings regarding third molars. RESULTS Clinical indication for a DPT was observed in 64% of the subjects. Radiography revealed an additional 1.4% of the subjects with ≥1 radiographic signs of disease in relation to their third molars. Also, an additional 27% of the subjects had ≥1 other radiographic findings in relation to third molars that may have affected the clinical decision making. CONCLUSIONS In our study population, clinically undetectable pathology cannot be considered as an indication for a DPT. However, if prevailing clinical practice supports preventive removals and detecting or monitoring of unerupted third molars, a referral to DPT can be considered as good clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Vesala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Marja Ekholm
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- South West Finland Imaging Centre, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Irja Ventä
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Deep Learning for Automated Detection of Cyst and Tumors of the Jaw in Panoramic Radiographs. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061839. [PMID: 32545602 PMCID: PMC7356620 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with odontogenic cysts and tumors may have to undergo serious surgery unless the lesion is properly detected at the early stage. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the real-time object detecting deep convolutional neural network You Only Look Once (YOLO) v2—a deep learning algorithm that can both detect and classify an object at the same time—on panoramic radiographs. In this study, 1602 lesions on panoramic radiographs taken from 2010 to 2019 at Yonsei University Dental Hospital were selected as a database. Images were classified and labeled into four categories: dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocyst, ameloblastoma, and no lesion. Comparative analysis among three groups (YOLO, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and general practitioners) was done in terms of precision, recall, accuracy, and F1 score. While YOLO ranked highest among the three groups (precision = 0.707, recall = 0.680), the performance differences between the machine and clinicians were statistically insignificant. The results of this study indicate the usefulness of auto-detecting convolutional networks in certain pathology detection and thus morbidity prevention in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
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Jeon KJ, Han SS, Lee C, Choi YJ, Jung HI, Kim YH. Application of panoramic radiography with a multilayer imaging program for detecting proximal caries: a preliminary clinical study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2020; 49:20190467. [PMID: 32348170 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20190467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to introduce a novel program of panoramic radiography that shows 41 multilayer images from the buccal to lingual aspects in a region of interest, and to evaluate the effectiveness of this program for detecting proximal caries. METHODS In total, 480 premolars and molars on 30 panoramic radiographs taken with the multilayer imaging program were included in this study. The presence or absence of caries in 960 proximal surfaces was assessed by three experienced oral and maxillofacial radiologists as a consensus-based gold-standard. Two general dentists evaluated and scored proximal caries on 980 surfaces on panoramic radiographs with and without the multilayer imaging program. The two general dentists' scores were compared with the gold-standard, and were analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with and without using the program. The area under the ROC curve was analyzed using STATA/SE 13.1. RESULTS When the multilayer imaging program was used for panoramic radiography, the inter- and intraobserver agreement of the two general dentists improved. All values, including the area under the ROC curve, were higher when the multilayer imaging program was used than when it was not used. The area under the ROC curve showed a statistically significant improvement only in Observer 1, whose diagnostic ability was poorer than that of Observer 2. CONCLUSIONS:O This multilayer imaging program might help the inexperienced dentist to improve the diagnostic accuracy of proximal caries. If further studies would be performed in various clinical application, it could be useful when intraoral radiography taking is difficult for reasons such as mouth-opening limitations and the gag reflex of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kug Jin Jeon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Sun Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chena Lee
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Joo Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoi In Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Hyun Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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Fukuda M, Inamoto K, Shibata N, Ariji Y, Yanashita Y, Kutsuna S, Nakata K, Katsumata A, Fujita H, Ariji E. Evaluation of an artificial intelligence system for detecting vertical root fracture on panoramic radiography. Oral Radiol 2019; 36:337-343. [PMID: 31535278 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-019-00409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) system for detecting vertical root fracture (VRF) on panoramic radiography. METHODS Three hundred panoramic images containing a total of 330 VRF teeth with clearly visible fracture lines were selected from our hospital imaging database. Confirmation of VRF lines was performed by two radiologists and one endodontist. Eighty percent (240 images) of the 300 images were assigned to a training set and 20% (60 images) to a test set. A CNN-based deep learning model for the detection of VRFs was built using DetectNet with DIGITS version 5.0. To defend test data selection bias and increase reliability, fivefold cross-validation was performed. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using recall, precision, and F measure. RESULTS Of the 330 VRFs, 267 were detected. Twenty teeth without fractures were falsely detected. Recall was 0.75, precision 0.93, and F measure 0.83. CONCLUSIONS The CNN learning model has shown promise as a tool to detect VRFs on panoramic images and to function as a CAD tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motoki Fukuda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan.
| | - Kyoko Inamoto
- Department of Endodontics, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoki Shibata
- Department of Endodontics, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ariji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan
| | - Yudai Yanashita
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Shota Kutsuna
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakata
- Department of Endodontics, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | - Hiroshi Fujita
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Ariji
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Aichi-Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-dori, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan
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Marinescu IR, Bănică AC, Mercuţ V, Gheorghe AG, Drăghici EC, Cojocaru MO, Scrieciu M, Popescu SM. Root Resorption Diagnostic: Role of Digital Panoramic Radiography. CURRENT HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 2019; 45:156-166. [PMID: 31624642 PMCID: PMC6778303 DOI: 10.12865/chsj.45.02.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Root resorption is a pathological process characterized by loss of dental root substance, caused by bacterial infections, traumatic injuries or chemical irritation. Root resorption might be accidentally observed on digital panoramic radiography. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to identify characteristic radiological aspects for the different types of root resorption that could be observed on digital panoramic radiography, to make an easier diagnostic of root resorption. MATERIAL AND METHOD The retrospective study used the X-ray base from the Oral Rehabilitation and Dental Prosthetics Clinic of UMF Craiova to identify the most representative images for different types of root resorption. Digital panoramic radiographies were analysed by two investigators, of which the most suggestive images were selected and described. RESULTS Digital panoramic radiographies and dental charts of 240 patients were analyzed. 113 cases of root resorption were identified. External inflammatory root resorption (EIRR) was present in 27.07% of studied cases, external cervical root resorption (ECRR) was identified in 10.83% of all studied cases, external replacement root resorption (ERRR) was diagnosed in 7.08% of studied cases and internal root resorption (IRR) was the most rare type of root resorption, with only 2.08% from all studied cases. 16 cases were selected to describe the radiologic features of different types of root resorption, featuring the most interesting images of root resorption evident on digital panoramic radiographies. DISCUSSION Comparative analyses have been made between our results and the results of other specific studies, with both similar and different values. The radiological features which lead to the diagnostic of each type of RR were highlighted, assessing the causes that caused the lesions, as well as the treatment recommendations. CONCLUSIONS Digital panoramic radiography is a useful tool to identify root resorption, since it has become the most common radiological investigation for diagnostic in dentistry. Description of radiological aspects of different types of root resorption on panoramic digital radiography allows faster diagnosis. Still, the CBCT may be recommended in some cases to confirm the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I R Marinescu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - A C Bănică
- PhD Student, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - V Mercuţ
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - A G Gheorghe
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - E C Drăghici
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - M O Cojocaru
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - M Scrieciu
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
| | - S M Popescu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
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Svenson B, Ståhlnacke K, Karlsson R, Fält A. Dentists' use of digital radiographic techniques: Part II - extraoral radiography: a questionnaire study of Swedish dentists. Acta Odontol Scand 2019; 77:150-157. [PMID: 30422025 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2018.1525763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aims to gain knowledge about the dentist's use and choice of digital extraoral imaging methods, panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire sent to 2481 dentists within the Swedish Dental Society contained questions about the panoramic technique and CBCT technique used, education, clinic size and type of service. The response rate was 53%. RESULTS The study showed that 61% of the Swedish dentists had access to panoramic techniques and that 84% used a direct digital sensor, while 6% used storage phosphor plate techniques. Around 8% of the Swedish dentists had access to CBCT. It was also observed that group practices had two times higher odds of having panoramic equipment compared with solo practices. Approximately 40% of the dentists had undergone postgraduate education in oral radiology during the last 5 years. Dental nurses and dental hygienists exposed 92% of the panoramic radiographs and 75% of the CBCTs. Thirty per cent of those clinics with access to a panoramic unit exposed >30 panoramic radiographs per month and 56% of the clinics having access to CBCT did more than 75 examinations per year. CONCLUSIONS Today 61% of Swedish dentists have access to panoramic radiography and 8% have access to CBCT. There is a greater likelihood of having access if the dentist works in the public dental health service or in a group practice and if the dentist has undergone any postgraduate course in oral radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Svenson
- Dental Research Department, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Örebro, Sweden
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Katri Ståhlnacke
- Dental Research Department, Postgraduate Dental Education Center, Örebro, Sweden
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Reet Karlsson
- Department of Radiology, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Anna Fält
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Özalp Ö, Tezerişener HA, Kocabalkan B, Büyükkaplan UŞ, Özarslan MM, Şimşek Kaya G, Altay MA, Sindel A. Comparing the precision of panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography in avoiding anatomical structures critical to dental implant surgery: A retrospective study. Imaging Sci Dent 2019; 48:269-275. [PMID: 30607351 PMCID: PMC6305775 DOI: 10.5624/isd.2018.48.4.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations between measurements made using panoramic radiography and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) based on certain anatomical landmarks of the jaws, with the goal of preventing complications due to inaccurate measurements in the pre-surgical planning phase of dental implant placement. Materials and Methods A total of 56 individuals who underwent panoramic radiography and a CBCT evaluation before dental implant surgery were enrolled in the study. Measurements were performed to identify the shortest vertical distance between the alveolar crest and neighboring anatomical structures, including the maxillary sinus, nasal floor, mandibular canal, and foramen mentale. The differences between the measurements on panoramic radiography and CBCT images were statistically analyzed. Results Statistically significant differences were observed between the measurements on panoramic radiography and CBCT for all anatomical structures (P<.05). The correlation coefficients (r) between the paired samples obtained from panoramic radiography and CBCT were closely correlated (P<.05), with r values varying from 0.921 and 0.979 for different anatomical regions. Conclusion The results of this study support the idea that panoramic radiography might provide sufficient information on bone height for preoperative implant planning in routine cases or when CBCT is unavailable. However, an additional CBCT evaluation might be helpful in cases where a safety margin cannot be respected due to insufficient bone height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Öznur Özalp
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | - Burak Kocabalkan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | | | - Göksel Şimşek Kaya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Altay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Alper Sindel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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A comparison of panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography in the detection of osteosynthesis complications in sheep mandibular angle fractures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2018; 127:167-174. [PMID: 30415905 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of panoramic radiography (PANO) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in detecting simulated complications of plate osteosynthesis applied to mandibular angle fractures (MAFs). STUDY DESIGN Unfavorable MAFs were created in 100 fresh sheep hemimandibles. Fractures were fixed with 4-hole titanium miniplates and screws. Bone necrosis around the screws, penetration of the screw into the inferior alveolar canal, screw loosening, and plate breakage were simulated. The diagnostic efficacy of the imaging techniques was compared by using intra- and interobserver agreement scores and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values. Examination time (ET), confidence scores (CS), and planar preference (PP) in CBCT evaluation were assessed. RESULTS Intra- and interobserver agreement scores varied between 0.61 and 0.91. AUCs for screw penetration into the inferior alveolar canal and screw loosening were significantly higher in CBCT than in PANO (P < .05). CBCT presented significantly higher ET and CS values compared with PANO (P < .05). PP showed significant differences among types of complications (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS PANO provided acceptable outcomes in the detection of bone necrosis and broken plates around the screw, but CBCT was more likely to enable detection of all simulated types of complications with higher confidence.
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Automatic analysis algorithm for acquiring standard dental and mandibular shape data using cone-beam computed tomography. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13516. [PMID: 30202001 PMCID: PMC6131388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to introduce a new algorithm developed using retrospective cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data to obtain a standard dental and mandibular arch shape automatically for an optimal panoramic focal trough. A custom-made program was developed to analyze each arch shape of randomly collected 30 CBCT images. First, volumetric data of the mandible were binarized and projected in the axial direction to obtain 2-dimensional arch images. Second, 30 patients’ mandibular arches were superimposed on the center of the bilateral distal contact points of the mandibular canines to generate an average arch shape. Third, the center and boundary of a panoramic focal trough were obtained using smoothing splines. As a result, the minimum thickness and transition of the focal trough could be obtained. If this new algorithm is applied to big data of retrospective CBCT images, standard focal troughs could be established by race, sex, and age group, which would improve the image quality of dental panoramic radiography.
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Dhamo B, Elezi B, Kragt L, Wolvius EB, Ongkosuwito EM. Does dental caries affect dental development in children and adolescents? Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2018; 18:198-205. [PMID: 29659350 PMCID: PMC5988540 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2018.2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a link between dietary changes, caries, and dental development has been observed, the literature provides little insight about this relationship. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between dental caries and dental development in a clinical sample of Albanian children and adolescents. In total, 118 children and adolescents, born between 1995 and 2004 and aged 6-15 years, were included. Dental caries in the deciduous dentition was assessed using the Decayed, Filled Teeth (dft) index and dental caries in the permanent dentition was assessed using the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Dental development during the permanent dentition was determined using the Demirjian method. Linear and ordinal regression models were applied to analyze the associations of dental caries with dental age and developmental stages of each left mandibular tooth. Dental caries in the deciduous dentition, estimated as a median dft of 2.0 (90% range, 0.0-9.1), was significantly associated with lower dental age (β = -0.21; 90% CI: -0.29, -0.12) and with delayed development of the canine, both premolars, and the second molar. Untreated dental caries (dt) was associated with lower dental age (β = -0.19; 90% CI: -0.28, -0.10). Dental caries in the permanent dentition, estimated as a median DMFT of 1.0 (90% range, 0.0-8.0), was not significantly associated with dental age (β = 0.05; 90% CI: -0.04, 0.14). However, the DMFT was associated with the advanced stages of development of both premolars and the second molar. The untreated dental caries in the deciduous dentition delays the development of permanent teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brunilda Dhamo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Special Dental Care and Orthodontics, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Thanakun S, Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri S, Izumi Y. Increased oral inflammation, leukocytes, and leptin, and lower adiponectin in overweight or obesity. Oral Dis 2017; 23:956-965. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Thanakun
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology; Faculty of Dentistry; Mahidol University; Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Y Izumi
- Department of Periodontology; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; Tokyo Medical and Dental University; Tokyo Japan
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Tang Z, Liu X, Chen K. Comparison of digital panoramic radiography versus cone beam computerized tomography for measuring alveolar bone. Head Face Med 2017; 13:2. [PMID: 28228135 PMCID: PMC5322610 DOI: 10.1186/s13005-017-0135-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) has been widely used in dental implanting. However, the local hospitals usually don't have access to CBCT due to the cost and medical investment, especially in West of China. The doctors in local hospitals have to make reasonable dental planting using orthopantomography (OPG) to reduce risks. Therefore, it is clinically meaningful to determine the magnification rate of OPG to obtain correct diagnosis. This study investigated the magnification rate of OPG in measuring different maxillofacial loci compared with CBCT. METHODS Eighty-six patients demanding dental implanting were scanned by CBCT and OPG. The vertical distance between the alveolar ridge crest of the maxillary first molar and the sinus bottom of the upper jaw, the distance between the alveolar ridge crest of the mandibular first molars and the top of nerviduct in the mandibular alveolar, and the distance between the alveolar ridge crest of the maxillary central incisors and the bottoms of the nasal cavities were measured. The horizontal distance in those loci were also measured. The distances derived from CBCT were used as reference. The distances between the two methods were compared using paired t-test. The magnification rates at these positions were calculated. The relationship between the data acquired from the two methods was analyzed Pearson correlation. RESULTS The correlation coefficients (R) between the paired samples obtained from OPG and CBCT were highly related (P < 0.05) with R values varying from 0.840 and 0.959 in vertical distances and R values varying from 0.703 and 0.904 in horizontal distances. Compared with data obtained from CBCT, the mean vertical magnification rates were 11.38% and 12.95% vertically and 8.55% and 9.43% horizontally for the first molars in the right and left maxilla respectively; 7.26% and 6.35% vertically and 5.33% and 4.96% horizontally for the first molars in the right and left mandible respectively; and 5.55% and 4.84% vertically and 6.53% and 7.47% horizontally for the central incisors in the upper right and left jaws respectively. CONCLUSION The magnification rates of OPG at these teeth are different. The distances measured by OPG were highly correlated with that measured by CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunan Tang
- Department of Oral Radiology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, China.,School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xianchu Liu
- Department of Oral Radiology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, China.,School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kejia Chen
- Department of Oral Radiology, Xiangya Stomatological Hospital, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, China. .,School of Stomatology, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Baik JS, Choi JW, Kim SJ, Kim JH, Kim S, Kim JH. Predictive Value of Dental Maturity for a Positive Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test Result in Girls with Precocious Puberty. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:296-302. [PMID: 28049241 PMCID: PMC5219996 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.2.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental maturity is associated with skeletal maturity, which is advanced in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). We investigated the performance of dental maturity as a screening method for CPP using mandibular second premolar and molar calcification stages, assessed the associated anthropometric and laboratory factors, and evaluated pubertal response predictors using the gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test (GnRHST) in prepubertal and pubertal girls. A prospective case-control study was conducted in girls, aged 7.0-8.9 years, classified into pubertal (peak luteinizing hormone [LH] after GnRHST ≥ 5 IU/L), prepubertal (peak LH < 5 IU/L), and control groups. Auxological and biochemical tests, panoramic radiographs, and GnRHSTs in participants with breast development were conducted. Dental maturity was assessed using the Demirjian index (DI). We included 103 girls (pubertal, 40; prepubertal, 19; control, 44). Chronological age (CA) was not significantly different between groups. Bone age (BA) and BA advancement was higher in the pubertal and prepubertal groups. Increased DI values at the mandibular second premolar and molar were significantly associated with CA, BA, BA advancement, height standard deviation score (SDS), peak LH after GnRHST, and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) (all P < 0.05). Moreover, odds ratio (OR) of the mandibular second premolar and molar (a DI value of ≥ E) for predicting a positive response to GnRHST was 8.7 (95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.9-26.1) and 5.2 (95% CI, 2.2-12.7), respectively. Dental maturity was a strong predictor for diagnosing CPP. Determining dental maturity in girls with suspected precocious puberty might help determine the performance of GnRHSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Seon Baik
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospitalal, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Dankook University College of Dentistry, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Myongji Hospital, Seonam University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sollip Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospitalal, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University College of Medicine, Ilsan Paik Hospitalal, Goyang, Korea.
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Aykanat B, Demircigil GC, Buyan N, Baskin E, Gulleroglu K, Fidan K, Bayrakci US, Dalgic A, Karakayali H, Haberal M, Burgaz S. Micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies in buccal epithelial cells of children with chronic kidney disease. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2016; 67:317-325. [DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2016-67-2851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to reveal the likely genomic instability in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using micronucleus (MN) assay on buccal epithelial cells (BEC). We investigated the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear anomalies, such as nuclear buds, binucleated cells, condensed chromatin, and karyorrhectic and pyknotic cells in BEC. Children with CKD were grouped as follows: children in the pre-dialysis (PreD) stage (N=17), children on regular haemodialysis (HD) (N=14), and children who have undergone transplantation (Tx) (N=17). As a control group, twenty age- and gender-matched healthy children were selected. The MN frequency in BEC of all groups of children with CKD was significantly elevated (5- to 7-fold) as compared to the control group (p<0.001). In contrast, the frequencies of nuclear buds were not significantly higher in the study groups compared to the control group. The frequencies of binucleated cells and condensed chromatin cells were significantly higher in all subgroups of children with CKD relative to the control group (p<0.001). Our results show that the BEC of pediatric PreD, HD, and Tx patients with CKD display increased cytogenetic, cytokinetic, and cytotoxic effects. They also point to the sensitivity and usefulness of the BEC MN assay in the assessment of genetic susceptibility of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banu Aykanat
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Necla Buyan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esra Baskin
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Gulleroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kibriya Fidan
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Umut Selda Bayrakci
- Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aydin Dalgic
- Department of General Surgery, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamdi Karakayali
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Haberal
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sema Burgaz
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Dau M, Edalatpour A, Schulze R, Al-Nawas B, Alshihri A, Kämmerer PW. Presurgical evaluation of bony implant sites using panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography-influence of medical education. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2016; 46:20160081. [PMID: 27759998 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20160081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the subjective quality rating of panoramic radiography (PAN) and CBCT in the planning of dental implant procedures by clinicians with different educational backgrounds. METHODS Radiographic images (PAN and CBCT) of 42 patients were examined as follows: the maxillary (MX) anterior region of patients, the MX posterior region of 16 patients and the mandibular (MD) posterior region of 16 patients. These sites were used for planning of dental implant insertion. Data sets were analyzed by examiners with different training backgrounds: three general practitioners (GP), three oral surgeons (OS) and three maxillofacial surgeons (MS). A standardized questionnaire in a standardized setting was answered by participants. RESULTS The majority of participants rated an additional CBCT as "required" (14.0%) or "reasonable" (56.1%). These ratings depended strongly on the area of interest (MX anterior region: 31.1 and 58.9%; MX posterior region: 14.6 and 62.5%; and MD posterior region: 2.8% and 47.9%). MS classified CBCT as required more often than GP and OS (23.8 vs 10.3 and 7.9%; p < 0.001). With the additional information of CBCT, "therapy affecting" ratings were stated high in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Especially in the anterior and posterior MX, significant subjective benefits for an additional CBCT were seen for planning of dental implant procedures. Participants with fundamental medical education asked for CBCT more often. The results indicate that an improved education in three-dimensional dental radiology is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dau
- 1 Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, Germany
| | - Amir Edalatpour
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralf Schulze
- 3 Department of Oral Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bilal Al-Nawas
- 2 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Abdulmonem Alshihri
- 4 Department of Prosthetic and Biomaterial Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,5 Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peer W Kämmerer
- 1 Department of Oral, Maxillofacial and Plastic Facial Surgery, University Medical Centre, University of Rostock, Germany
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Kose TE, Demirtas N, Cakir Karabas H, Ozcan I. Evaluation of dental panoramic radiographic findings in edentulous jaws: A retrospective study of 743 patients "Radiographic features in edentulous jaws". J Adv Prosthodont 2015; 7:380-5. [PMID: 26576254 PMCID: PMC4644779 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.5.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of significant panoramic radiographic findings and eventual treatment requirements before conventional or implant supported prosthetic treatment in asymptomatic edentulous patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 743 asymptomatic edentulous patients were retrospectively evaluated using a digital panoramic system. We analyzed the radiographic findings, including impacted teeth, retained root fragments, foreign bodies, severe atrophy of the posterior maxillary alveolar bone, mucous retention cysts, soft tissue calcifications and radiopaque-radiolucent conditions. RESULTS Four-hundred-eighty-seven (65.6%) patients had no radiographic finding. A total of 331 radiographic findings were detected in 256 (34%) patients. In 52.9% (n=175) of these conditions, surgical treatment was required before application of implant-supported fixed prosthesis. However, before application of conventional removable prosthesis surgical treatment was required for 6% (n=20) of these conditions. CONCLUSION The edentulous patients who will have implant placement for implant-supported fixed prosthesis can frequently require additional surgical procedures to eliminate pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Emre Kose
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nihat Demirtas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Cakir Karabas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Ozcan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Deng J, Jackson L, Epstein JB, Migliorati CA, Murphy BA. Dental demineralization and caries in patients with head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2015. [PMID: 26198979 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Concurrent chemoradiation (CCR) therapy is a standard treatment for patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (HNC). It is well documented that CCR causes profound acute and late toxicities. Xerostomia (the symptom of dry mouth) and hyposalivation (decreased salivary flow) are among the most common treatment side effects in this cohort of patients during and following treatment. They are the result of radiation-induced damage to the salivary glands. Patients with chronic hyposalivation are at risk for demineralization and dental cavitation (dental caries), often presenting as a severe form of rapidly developing decay that results in loss of dentition. Usual post-radiation oral care which includes the use of fluoride, may decrease, but does not eliminate dental caries associated with radiation-induced hyposalivation. The authors conducted a narrative literature review regarding dental caries in HNC population based on MEDLINE, PubMed, CLNAHL, Cochrane database, EMBASE, and PsycINFO from 1985 to 2014. Primary search terms included head and/or neck cancer, dental caries, dental decay, risk factor, physical symptom, physical sequellea, body image, quality of life, measurement, assessment, cost, prevention, and treatment. The authors also reviewed information from National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), American Dental Association (ADA), and other related healthcare professional association web sites. This literature review focuses on critical issues related to dental caries in patients with HNC: potential mechanisms and contributing factors, clinical assessment, physical sequellea, negative impact on body image and quality of life, potential preventative strategies, and recommendations for practice and research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States.
| | - Leanne Jackson
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Joel B Epstein
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles Ca and Division of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Cesar A Migliorati
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Oral Medicine, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Barbara A Murphy
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States
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Shah N, Bansal N, Logani A. Recent advances in imaging technologies in dentistry. World J Radiol 2014; 6:794-807. [PMID: 25349663 PMCID: PMC4209425 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v6.i10.794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentistry has witnessed tremendous advances in all its branches over the past three decades. With these advances, the need for more precise diagnostic tools, specially imaging methods, have become mandatory. From the simple intra-oral periapical X-rays, advanced imaging techniques like computed tomography, cone beam computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound have also found place in modern dentistry. Changing from analogue to digital radiography has not only made the process simpler and faster but also made image storage, manipulation (brightness/contrast, image cropping, etc.) and retrieval easier. The three-dimensional imaging has made the complex cranio-facial structures more accessible for examination and early and accurate diagnosis of deep seated lesions. This paper is to review current advances in imaging technology and their uses in different disciplines of dentistry.
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Huettig F, Axmann D. Reporting of dental status from full-arch radiographs: Descriptive analysis and methodological aspects. World J Clin Cases 2014; 2:552-564. [PMID: 25325067 PMCID: PMC4198409 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v2.i10.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To identify standards, how entities of dental status are assessed and reported from full-arch radiographs of adults.
METHODS: A PubMed (Medline) search was performed in November 2011. Literature had to report at least one out of four defined entities using radiographs: number of teeth or implants; caries, fillings or restorations; root-canal fillings and apical health; alveolar bone level. Cohorts included to the study had to be of adult age. Methods of radiographic assessment were noted and checked for the later mode of report in text, tables or diagrams. For comparability, the encountered mode of report was operationalized to a logical expression.
RESULTS: Thirty-seven out of 199 articles were evaluated via full-text review. Only one article reported all four entities. Eight articles reported at the maximum 3 comparable entities. However, comparability is impeded because of the usage of absolute or relative frequency, mean or median values as well as grouping. Furthermore the methods of assessment were different or not described sufficiently. Consequently, established sum scores turned out to be highly questionable, too. The amount of missing data within all studies remained unclear. It is even so remissed to mention supernumerary and aplased teeth as well as the count of third molars.
CONCLUSION: Data about dental findings from radiographs is, if at all possible, only comparable with serious limitations. A standardization of both, assessing and reporting entities of dental status from radiographs is missing and has to be established within a report guideline.
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