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Schiza S, Bouloukaki I, Kaditis A, Lombardi C, Bonsignore MR. Vitamin D deficiency: A forgotten aspect in sleep disorders? A critical update. Sleep Med 2024; 121:77-84. [PMID: 38941960 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Over the past few years, there has been a surge in interest regarding the connection between sleep duration and quality, sleep disorders, mainly Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and Vitamin D. There is growing evidence to support a new role of Vitamin D in the maintenance and regulation of optimal sleep. Furthermore, a notable link has been identified between OSA and a decrease in serum Vitamin D levels, which appears to intensify as the severity of sleep apnea worsens. Vitamin D status could also potentially serve as a mediator or provide an explanation for the association between OSA and cardiometabolic morbidity, but the current state of research in this area is inadequate. Studies have indicated that the supplementation of Vitamin D can optimize sleep quality, presenting more proof of the connection between insufficient vitamin D levels and sleep disorders. However, it is unclear whether low serum Vitamin D levels are a contributing factor to OSA development or if OSA predisposes individuals to Vitamin D deficiency. As a result, various studies have endeavored to examine the complex relationship between OSA and Vitamin D deficiency. In children and adolescents, while data is limited, there seems also to be a link between sleep disorders and Vitamin D levels. Therefore, the objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on the association between Vitamin D and sleep disorders in both adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Schiza
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Izolde Bouloukaki
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Athanasios Kaditis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, MUHC Children's Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA; Child Health Research Institute, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Carolina Lombardi
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, St. Luke Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria R Bonsignore
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, PROMISE Dept, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; IBIM CNR, Palermo, Italy
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Z, Zhou C, Yang S, Liu M, He P, Gan X, Qin X. Relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, obesity with new-onset obstructive sleep apnea. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:218-223. [PMID: 37891401 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The prospective association between vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), a major circulating form of vitamin D, and new-onset OSA, and examine the modifying effect of obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study included 444,975 participants from UK Biobank without prior OSA. The primary outcome was new-onset OSA. RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 12.0 years, 6051 (1.4%) participants occurred new-onset OSA. Overall, there was an inverse relation of serum 25(OH)D concentrations with the risk of new-onset OSA (per SD increment, HR, 0.92; 95%CI: 0.89-0.95). In the analysis of the interactions of serum 25(OH)D with the combination of BMI (<25, 25- < 30, and ≥30 kg/m2) and waist circumference (WC) (<90 and ≥90 cm) categories on new-onset OSA, the significantly inverse association of serum 25(OH)D and new-onset OSA was mainly found in participants with both BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 90 cm (BMI 25-30 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 90 cm: per SD increment, HR, 0.90; 95%CI: 0.84-0.95; BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 90 cm: per SD increment, HR, 0.85; 95%CI: 0.81-0.88), but not in other four groups with BMI < 25 kg/m2 or WC < 90 cm (P -interaction = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS There was an inverse relation of serum 25(OH)D with the risk of new-onset OSA in participants with both BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 90 cm. Our findings suggest the importance of maintaining a higher serum 25(OH)D concentration for primary prevention of OSA in a population with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ziliang Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Panpan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University; National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research; Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Loh HH, Lim QH, Kang WH, Yee A, Yong MC, Sukor N. Obstructive sleep apnea and vitamin D: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:563-580. [PMID: 37704922 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE : Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic, sleep-related breathing disorder which leads to increased cardiovascular risks. Vitamin D deficiency is associated with various cardiometabolic complications, including increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to analyze the difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) level, prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, and the effect of CPAP treatment on serum 25-OHD levels among adult patients with OSA. METHODS We pooled data from 18 observational studies involving 5592 individuals. Baseline parameters that might have contributed to the significant differences observed were also analyzed. RESULTS Patients with OSA had significantly lower serum 25-OHD levels (pooled d + - 0.74 [95% CI: - 1.19 to - 0.28], p < 0.01) and higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (pooled log (odds ratio) 0.98 [95% CI: 0.30 to 1.67], p < 0.01) compared to those without OSA. Subgroup analysis demonstrated that these differences were significant only in moderate OSA and severe OSA. Neither age nor BMI nor geographical latitude contributed significantly to the differences observed in serum 25-OHD levels. The use of CPAP did not lead to significant changes in serum 25-OHD levels. CONCLUSION Patients with OSA have lower serum 25-OHD levels with a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, regardless of age or BMI, pointing to an independent association between vitamin D and OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Heng Loh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Jalan Datuk Mohammad Musa, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Quan Hziung Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Waye Hann Kang
- Department of Medicine, M. Kandiah Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Anne Yee
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mei Ching Yong
- Department of Medicine, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Norlela Sukor
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Hospital Canselor Tuanku Muhriz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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AYYILDIZ F, YILDIRAN H, KÖKTÜRK O. Hafif dereceli obstrüktif uyku apne sendromlu olgularda D vitamini suplemantasyonunun antropometrik ölçümler ve vücut bileşimine etkisi. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.782576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Siachpazidou DI, Kotsiou OS, Stavrou V, Pastaka C, Gogou E, Kechagia M, Varsamas C, Economou NT, Zouridis S, Patrikioy E, Seitanidis G, Pinaka M, Sistou A, Hatzoglou C, Gourgoulianis KI. Serum vitamin D levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and level changes after continuous positive airway pressure therapy. Sleep Breath 2020; 25:657-668. [PMID: 32740855 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02146-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) have been found to exhibit lower serum vitamin D levels, even when the control groups are matched for confounding conditions. However, contradictory studies are also present. This study aimed to compare serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels between adult patients with OSAS and non-apneic controls and to evaluate the changes in 25(OH)D levels after 3 and 12 months of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. METHODS The study was comprised of 30 patients with OSAS and 30 controls. Serum 25(OH)D levels were determined at baseline and after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy in all patients with OSAS. For analysis, patients with OSAS were divided into subgroups by adherence, with adherence defined as CPAP usage for > 4 h per night on at least 70% of nights. RESULTS The 25(OH)D levels were not significantly different between OSAS and control groups at baseline. 25(OH)D levels did not change after 3 and 12 months of CPAP therapy. Patients who were CPAP-adherent showed less reduction in 25(OH)D levels compared with non-adherent ones (21.18 ± 9.3 vs. 12.13 ± 3.8 ng/mL, p = 0.022) after 1 year. The 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with higher daily CPAP usage at 3 and 12 months. Mean daily CPAP usage was a significant predictor of serum 25(OH)D levels at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS Patients with OSAS who demonstrated good CPAP adherence showed significantly higher 25(OH)D levels after 1 year compared with those not adequately using CPAP. Long-term good CPAP adherence and highly daily CPAP usage positively affected 25(OH)D levels in patients with OSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra I Siachpazidou
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ourania S Kotsiou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Vasileios Stavrou
- Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Chaido Pastaka
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eudoxia Gogou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Kechagia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampos Varsamas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Nicholas-Tiberio Economou
- Division of Pulmonology, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Zouridis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleni Patrikioy
- Laboratory of Rheumatology Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - George Seitanidis
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Pinaka
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Alexandra Sistou
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Chrissi Hatzoglou
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, BIOPOLIS, 41110, Larissa, Greece.,Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Bouloukaki I, Tsiligianni I, Mermigkis C, Bonsignore MR, Markakis M, Pataka A, Steiropoulos P, Ermidou C, Alexaki I, Tzanakis N, Schiza S. Vitamin D deficiency in patients evaluated for obstructive sleep apnea: is it associated with disease severity? Sleep Breath 2020; 25:1109-1117. [PMID: 32648186 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02142-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to assess vitamin D levels in a large cohort of OSA patients and to investigate possible correlations with clinical and polysomnographic parameters. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 685 consecutive patients underwent type 1 polysomnography (PSG) for OSA diagnosis. They were grouped according to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) as mild, moderate, and severe. Patients with AHI < 5 served as controls. Demographic, PSG data, and serum levels of vitamin D were measured and compared between groups. RESULTS OSA was diagnosed in 617 of the patients (90%). Of those, 94 (15%) had mild OSA, 150 (24%) moderate OSA, and 373 (61%) severe OSA. The risk of vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was observed in 38% of the cohort. OSA patients had lower vitamin D levels compared to controls (23 ng/mL vs 26 ng/mL, p = 0.006). The lowest levels of vitamin D [mean 21] (p < 0.001 among all groups) and the higher prevalence for vitamin D deficiency (45%) were observed in severe OSA patients. After multiparametric adjustments for age, gender, obesity, and comorbidities, severe OSA showed significant independent associations with the risk of vitamin D deficiency [OR (95% CI) 2.002 (1.049-3.819), p = 0.035]. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of patients referred for OSA evaluation had vitamin D deficiency, which was independently associated with severe OSA. However, further research is needed in order to determine the role of vitamin D in OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izolde Bouloukaki
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. .,Primary Care Health Center of Kastelli, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
| | - Ioanna Tsiligianni
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mermigkis
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Manolis Markakis
- Primary Care Health Center of Kastelli, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Athanasia Pataka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Failure Unit, G. Papanikolaou Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Sleep Unit, Department of Pneumonology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christina Ermidou
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ioanna Alexaki
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tzanakis
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sophia Schiza
- Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, GR-71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Yassa OY, Domac SF, Kenangil G. Serum vitamin D status does not correlate with the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in male adults: A controlled study design with minimized factors influencing serum vitamin D levels. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 90:470-476. [PMID: 30782107 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Observational studies performed in homogeneous groups to objectively investigate the cause and effect relationship between vitamin D deficiency and sleep disorders are scarce. In this study, it was aimed to analyze the relationship between the severity of OSAS and vitamin-D levels among the participants whose features affecting serum vit-D levels were minimised. Serum 25-OH vitamin-D levels in 121 OSAS Male patients diagnosed by polysomnography without any systemic disease or vitamin-D supplement that may effect the vitamin-D metabolism were measured. The study was conducted in winter (latitude: 41°). Anthropometric measures and biochemical tests were also performed. The distribution of vitamin-D levels was determined as severe deficiency, deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency. Apnea-hypopne index (AHI) < 5 was considered as a control group. Patients were categorized into four groups according to AHI as control, mild, moderate and severe. The groups were similar in terms of age, BMI, lipid profile, serum calcium, anthropometric measures and smoking. There was no significant difference in the distribution of vitamin-D levels between the patient and control groups and also within OSAS subgroups (p = 0.57, p = 0.86, respectively). Odds ratio to have OSAS in patients with vitamin-D deficiency was found as 0.745 (95 %CI: 0.33-1.7). Multinominal regression analysis showed no significant relationship between the OSAS severity and the extent of vitamin-D status. Correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between vitamin-D and AHI (r = 0.017, p = 0.877). Vitamin-D status does not alter the severity of OSAS. Vitamin-D deficiency might be the result of lifestyle changes due to OSAS rather than a cause.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saime Fusun Domac
- Department of Neurology, Health Sciences University, Erenkoy Mental Health and Neurology Training and Research Hospital, Sleep Disorders Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulay Kenangil
- Department of Neurology, Bahcesehir University, Medical Park Goztepe Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bayram A. The Role Of Vitamin D In Otolaryngological Diseases: Myth Or Truth. ENT UPDATES 2018. [DOI: 10.32448/entupdates.459029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Archontogeorgis K, Nena E, Papanas N, Steiropoulos P. The role of vitamin D in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. Breathe (Sheff) 2018; 14:206-215. [PMID: 30186518 PMCID: PMC6118887 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.000618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common disorder of multifactorial pathogenesis and is associated with obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin with an important function in calcium absorption and homeostasis, which is also implicated in several nonskeletal conditions. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is increasing worldwide and is associated with similar metabolic disturbances to OSAS. Moreover, recent data suggest that in OSAS patients serum levels of vitamin D are lower compared with non-apnoeic subjects. However, the mechanisms linking vitamin D deficiency and OSAS are not completely understood and several hypotheses have been advanced. To date, a limited number of studies have assessed the association between lower serum concentrations of vitamin D and OSAS, and have reported inconsistent results. Similarly, contradictory results have been produced by studies which evaluated the effect of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on serum vitamin D levels. The aim of this review is to summarise current knowledge on the association between OSAS and vitamin D levels. Due to multiple confounding factors, vitamin D deficiency is common among sleep apnoea patients; thus, screening should be performed when clinically indicatedhttp://ow.ly/L3ow30krmol
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Archontogeorgis
- M.Sc. Program "Sleep Medicine", Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Evangelia Nena
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Papanas
- Second Dept of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- M.Sc. Program "Sleep Medicine", Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Neighbors CLP, Noller MW, Song SA, Zaghi S, Neighbors J, Feldman D, Kushida CA, Camacho M. Vitamin D and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med 2018; 43:100-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2017.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Piovezan RD, Hirotsu C, Feres MC, Cintra FD, Andersen ML, Tufik S, Poyares D. Obstructive sleep apnea and objective short sleep duration are independently associated with the risk of serum vitamin D deficiency. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180901. [PMID: 28686746 PMCID: PMC5501615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies demonstrate an association between vitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency and sleep disturbances, such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and short sleep duration. However, to date, no studies have concurrently and objectively evaluated the effect of these factors on 25(OH)D. OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether OSA and objective short sleep duration are independently associated with reduced 25(OH)D in an adult population sample. METHODS A cross-sectional study included 657 individuals from the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, as part of the ERA project. Participants fulfilled questionnaires and underwent clinical evaluation, polysomnography and blood sample collection for 25(OH)D quantification. OSA was classified into three categories (mild, moderate and severe). The risk of 25(OH)D deficiency was considered as levels<30 ng/mL. Short sleep duration was defined as total sleep time<6 hours. RESULTS The risk of 25(OH)D deficiency was observed in 59.5% of the sample, affecting more individuals of the female gender, obese, with African American ethnicity, and those that were smokers, sedentary and presented hypertension and diabetes. In the final logistic model adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, obesity, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, sedentary lifestyle, seasonality and creatinine serum levels, both OSA and short sleep duration showed significant independent associations with the risk of 25(OH)D deficiency (moderate OSA: OR for 25(OH)D<30 = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.35-3.64, p<0.01; severe OSA: OR for 25(OH)D<30 = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.06-3.00, p = 0.03; short sleep duration: OR for 25(OH)D<30 = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.15-2.26, p = 0.01). After a subgroup analysis, similar results were observed only in participants ≥50 years. CONCLUSION OSA and short sleep duration are independently associated with the risk of 25(OH)D deficiency in an adult population. Age-related changes in vitamin D metabolism and the frequency of sleep disorders may be involved in these associations. Future studies exploring whether 25(OH)D levels may modulate OSA and sleep curtailment-related outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo D. Piovezan
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Hirotsu
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia C. Feres
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fatima D. Cintra
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica L. Andersen
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dalva Poyares
- Department of Psychobiology, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sforza E, Saint Martin M, Thomas T, Collet P, Garet M, Barthélémy JC, Roche F. Risk factors of osteoporosis in healthy elderly with unrecognized obstructive sleep apnea: role of physical activity. Sleep Med 2016; 22:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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