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Yang J, Rosenmöller BRAM, van Riet TCT, Tan ML, Jamaludin FS, Ho JPTF, de Lange J. Smart mandibular advancement devices for obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic literature review. Sleep Breath 2024; 28:1879-1887. [PMID: 38886278 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-024-03068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The goal of this review is to provide sleep physicians, dentists, and researchers with an evidence-based overview of the literature on smart mandibular advancement devices (MADs) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted by two blinded reviewers and an information specialist. A smart MAD was defined as any MAD with additional functionality besides mandibular protrusion. The bibliographic databases Medline, Embase, and Scopus were used to identify relevant publications. Studies were included if they described any stage of development of smart MADs. A total of 3162 titles and abstracts were screened for their relevance. In total, 58 articles were selected for full-text screening, 26 of which were included in this review. RESULTS The overall quality of the available literature was low. Most of the studies were observational, clinical or applied-research articles. The authors classified MADs into two main groups: passive and active. Passive MADs measured patient data, most commonly patient compliance. Active MADs adjusted protrusion of the mandible in response to patient data and were found in various phases of technological readiness (in development, demonstration, or deployment). CONCLUSION Innovations in smart mandibular advancement devices most frequently track patient compliance. Devices measuring other health parameters and active, feedback-controlled, devices are increasingly reported on. However, studies demonstrating their added benefit over traditional methods remain sparse. With further study, smart mandibular advancement devices have the potential to improve the efficiency of obstructive sleep apnea treatment and provide new treatment possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Yang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Boudewijn R A M Rosenmöller
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom C T van Riet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Misha L Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Faridi S Jamaludin
- Information Specialist Medical Library, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre T F Ho
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
| | - Jan de Lange
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
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Stewart GM, Tong BK, Cistulli PA. Precision medicine approaches in obstructive sleep apnoea: The role of dentist-sleep physician partnerships. Aust Dent J 2024. [PMID: 39354705 DOI: 10.1111/adj.13039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a common heterogenous sleep disorder that is associated with a wide range of comorbidities and consequences, including the development of neurocognitive and cardiometabolic disorders. The heterogeneity of OSA necessitates a precision medicine approach to accurately diagnose this condition and to effectively manage patients. One of the primary models of precision medicine is described by the P4 approach of predicting those who are susceptible to disease, preventing the occurrence of disease, personalizing treatment, and encouraging patients to participate in their individual healthcare journey. Recent advances in oral appliance therapy and OSA monitoring techniques have fostered an exciting opportunity for enhanced collaboration between dentists and sleep physicians to optimize OSA precision medicine care. This review aims to discuss the sources of heterogeneity among OSA patients, provide an overview of the growing applications of oral appliance therapy and tailored monitoring programs for OSA that are shifting treatment to a more personalized and participatory model of care, and outline the pivotal role of dentists in managing patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Stewart
- Charles Perkins Centre and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - B K Tong
- Charles Perkins Centre and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - P A Cistulli
- Charles Perkins Centre and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
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van der Hoek LH, Rosenmöller BRAM, van de Rijt LJM, de Vries R, Aarab G, Lobbezoo F. Factors associated with treatment adherence to mandibular advancement devices: a scoping review. Sleep Breath 2023; 27:2527-2544. [PMID: 37386300 PMCID: PMC10656313 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-023-02862-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is frequently treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or mandibular advancement devices (MADs). For various reasons, both treatment options are often affected by low adherence. While factors associated with low CPAP adherence are described in the literature extensively, less is known about adherence to MAD therapy. This scoping review aimed to synthesize the body of literature on the factors associated with adherence to MAD treatment. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using bibliographic databases PubMed, Embase.com , Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (Wiley) to identify relevant studies that described factors associated with adherence to MAD in the treatment of OSA or snoring combined with OSA in adults. RESULTS The literature search yielded a total of 694 references. Forty studies were found eligible for inclusion. The literature showed that factors with a possible negative influence on the adherence to MAD treatment are personality aspects; failing effectiveness of MAD; side effects during MAD therapy; using a thermoplastic MAD; dental treatments during MAD therapy; and a poor first experience with the MAD with inadequate guidance by professionals. Factors that may have a positive effect on MAD adherence include effectiveness of therapy, custom-made MAD, good communication skills of the practitioner, early recognition of side effects, stepwise titration of the MAD, and positive first experience with MAD. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge of factors associated with MAD adherence can be used to provide further insight into individual adherence to OSA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liselotte H van der Hoek
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Boudewijn R A M Rosenmöller
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, location Academic Medical Center (AMC), and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Liza J M van de Rijt
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph de Vries
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ghizlane Aarab
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Prasad S, Arunachalam S, Boillat T, Ghoneima A, Gandedkar N, Diar-Bakirly S. Wearable Orofacial Technology and Orthodontics. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:24. [PMID: 36661561 PMCID: PMC9858298 DOI: 10.3390/dj11010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable technology to augment traditional approaches are increasingly being added to the arsenals of treatment providers. Wearable technology generally refers to electronic systems, devices, or sensors that are usually worn on or are in close proximity to the human body. Wearables may be stand-alone or integrated into materials that are worn on the body. What sets medical wearables apart from other systems is their ability to collect, store, and relay information regarding an individual's current body status to other devices operating on compatible networks in naturalistic settings. The last decade has witnessed a steady increase in the use of wearables specific to the orofacial region. Applications range from supplementing diagnosis, tracking treatment progress, monitoring patient compliance, and better understanding the jaw's functional and parafunctional activities. Orofacial wearable devices may be unimodal or incorporate multiple sensing modalities. The objective data collected continuously, in real time, in naturalistic settings using these orofacial wearables provide opportunities to formulate accurate and personalized treatment strategies. In the not-too-distant future, it is anticipated that information about an individual's current oral health status may provide patient-centric personalized care to prevent, diagnose, and treat oral diseases, with wearables playing a key role. In this review, we examine the progress achieved, summarize applications of orthodontic relevance and examine the future potential of orofacial wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabarinath Prasad
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 50505, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sivakumar Arunachalam
- Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Thomas Boillat
- Design Lab, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 50505, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Ghoneima
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 50505, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narayan Gandedkar
- Discipline of Orthodontics & Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Samira Diar-Bakirly
- Department of Orthodontics, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 50505, United Arab Emirates
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Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:248-330. [PMID: 36096911 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry offers this review of the 2021 dental literature in restorative dentistry to inform busy dentists regarding noteworthy scientific and clinical progress over the past year. Each member of the committee brings discipline-specific expertise to coverage of this broad topical area. Specific subject areas addressed, in order of the appearance in this report, include COVID-19 and the dental profession (new); prosthodontics; periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; implant dentistry; dental materials and therapeutics; occlusion and temporomandibular disorders; sleep-related breathing disorders; oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and dental caries and cariology. The authors focused their efforts on reporting information likely to influence daily dental treatment decisions with an emphasis on future trends in dentistry. With the tremendous volume of dentistry and related literature being published daily, this review cannot possibly be comprehensive. Rather, its purpose is to update interested readers and provide important resource material for those interested in pursuing greater details on their own. It remains our intent to assist colleagues in negotiating the extensive volume of important information being published annually. It is our hope that readers find this work useful in successfully managing the patients and dental problems they encounter.
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Dedhia RC. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation adherence monitoring: emerging from the shadows of continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep 2022; 45:6570893. [PMID: 35439817 PMCID: PMC9644113 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raj C Dedhia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Soose RJ, Araujo M, Faber K, Roy A, Lee K, Ni Q, Srivastava J, Strollo PJ. Cluster analysis of upper airway stimulation adherence patterns and implications on clinical care. Sleep 2022; 45:6542728. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study Objectives
Upper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy is effective for a subset of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) intolerance. While overall adherence is high, some patients have suboptimal adherence, which limits efficacy. Our goal was to identify therapy usage patterns during the first 3 months of therapy to enable targeted strategies for improved adherence.
Methods
Therapy data was retrieved from 2098 patients for three months after device activation. Data included mean and standard deviation (SD) of hours of use, therapy pauses, hours from midnight the therapy was turned ON and OFF, percentage of missing days, and stimulation amplitude. Cluster analysis was performed using Gaussian mixture models that categorized patients into six main groups.
Results
The six groups and their prevalence can be summarized as Cluster 1A: Excellent Use (34%); Cluster 1B: Excellent Use with variable timing (23%); Cluster 2A: Good Use with missing days and late therapy ON (16%), Cluster 2B: Good Use with missing days, late therapy ON, and early therapy OFF (12%); Cluster 3A: Variable Use with frequent missing days (8%); Cluster 3B: Variable Use with frequent pauses (7%). Most patients (85%) are excellent or good users with mean therapy use >6 hours per night.
Conclusions
Cluster analysis of early UAS usage patterns identified six distinct groups that may enable personalized interventions for improved long-term management. Differentiation of the patient clusters may have clinical implications with regard to sleep hygiene education, therapy discomfort, comorbid insomnia, and other conditions that impact adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Soose
- UPMC Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Matheus Araujo
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN , USA
| | - Kevin Faber
- Sanford Health, Sleep Medicine , Fargo, ND , USA
| | - Asim Roy
- Ohio Sleep Medicine Institute , Columbus, OH , USA
| | - Kent Lee
- Inspire Medical Systems , Golden Valley, MN , USA
| | - Quan Ni
- Inspire Medical Systems , Golden Valley, MN , USA
| | - Jaideep Srivastava
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN , USA
| | - Patrick J Strollo
- UPMC Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Dieltjens M, Vanderveken OM, Shivalkar B, Van Haesendonck G, Kastoer C, Heidbuchel H, Braem MJ, Van De Heyning CM. Mandibular advancement device treatment and reverse left ventricular hypertrophic remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med 2022; 18:903-909. [PMID: 34728052 PMCID: PMC8883081 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular comorbidities such as left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy. Whether OSA is an independent etiological factor for this hypertrophic remodeling is yet unknown. Continuous positive airway pressure partially reverses this hypertrophy, but data regarding the effect of mandibular advancement devices on LV remodeling are scarce. The aim of this prospective trial is to evaluate the effect of mandibular advancement device therapy on LV geometry and function in patients with OSA. METHODS At baseline and 6-month follow-up, participants underwent a home sleep apnea test, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and a 2-dimensional Doppler and tissue Doppler echocardiography. RESULTS Sixty-three patients (age: 49 ± 11 years; body mass index: 27.0 ± 3.4 kg/m2; baseline apnea-hypopnea index home sleep apnea test: 11.7 [8.2; 24.9] events/h) completed the 6-month follow-up visit. Overall, blood pressure values and parameters of LV function were within normal ranges at baseline and did not change under mandibular advancement device therapy. In contrast, the interventricular septum thickness was at the upper limits of normal at baseline and showed a significant decrease at 6-month follow-up (11.1 ± 2.1 mm vs 10.6 ± 2.0 mm, P = .03). This significant improvement is only found in responders but not in nonresponders. There was no correlation between the decrease of interventricular septum thickness and the change in blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS In mildly obese, normotensive patients with OSA we observed significant reverse hypertrophic remodeling after 6 months of successful mandibular advancement device therapy, with maintained normotensive systemic blood pressure. This suggests that OSA is an independent factor in the pathophysiology of LV hypertrophy in these patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Evaluation of the Cardiovascular Effects of the MAS in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02320877; Identifier: NCT02320877. CITATION Dieltjens M, Vanderveken OM, Shivalkar B, et al. Mandibular advancement device treatment and reverse left ventricular hypertrophic remodeling in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):903-909.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijke Dieltjens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium,Address correspondence to: Marijke Dieltjens, PhD, Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1–D.T.493, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium;
| | - Olivier M. Vanderveken
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bharati Shivalkar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Department of Cardiology, Delta (CHIREC) Hospital, Brussels, Belgium,Pfizer Biopharmaceuticals, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gilles Van Haesendonck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Chloé Kastoer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hein Heidbuchel
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marc J. Braem
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Caroline M. Van De Heyning
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium,Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
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Mohammadieh AM, Sutherland K, Chan ASL, Cistulli PA. Mandibular Advancement Splint Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1384:373-385. [PMID: 36217096 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06413-5_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mandibular advancement splint (MAS) therapy is the leading alternative to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. A MAS is an oral appliance which advances the mandible in relation to the maxilla, thus increasing airway calibre and reducing collapsibility. Although it is less effective than CPAP in reducing the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI), it has demonstrated equivalence to CPAP in a number of key neurobehavioural and cardiovascular health outcomes, perhaps due to increased tolerability and patient adherence when compared to CPAP. However, response to MAS is variable, and reliable prediction tools for patients who respond best to MAS therapy have thus far been elusive; this is one of the key clinical barriers to wider uptake of MAS therapy. In addition, the most effective MAS devices are custom-made by a dentist specialising in the treatment of sleep disorders, which may present financial or accessibility barriers for some patients. MAS devices are generally well tolerated but may have side effects including temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction, hypersalivation, tooth pain and migration as well as occlusal changes. A patient-centred approach to treatment from a multidisciplinary team perspective is recommended. Evidence-based clinical practice points and areas of future research are summarised at the conclusion of the chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Mohammadieh
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kate Sutherland
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew S L Chan
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A Cistulli
- Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Pépin JL, Eastwood P, Eckert DJ. Novel avenues to approach non-CPAP therapy and implement comprehensive OSA care. Eur Respir J 2021; 59:13993003.01788-2021. [PMID: 34824053 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01788-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) pathophysiology and translational research have opened new lines of investigation for OSA treatment and management. Key goals of such investigations are to provide efficacious, alternative treatment and management pathways that are better tailored to individual risk profiles to move beyond the traditional, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)-focused, "one size fits all", trial and error approach which is too frequently inadequate for many patients. Identification of different clinical manifestations of OSA (clinical phenotypes) and underlying pathophysiological phenotypes (endotypes), that contribute to OSA have provided novel insights into underlying mechanisms and have underpinned these efforts. Indeed, this new knowledge has provided the framework for precision medicine for OSA to improve treatment success rates with existing non-CPAP therapies such as mandibular advancement devices and upper airway surgery, and newly developed therapies such as hypoglossal nerve stimulation and emerging therapies such as pharmacotherapies and combination therapy. These concepts have also provided insight into potential physiological barriers to CPAP adherence for certain patients. This review summarises the recent advances in OSA pathogenesis, non-CPAP treatment, clinical management approaches and highlights knowledge gaps for future research. OSA endotyping and clinical phenotyping, risk stratification and personalised treatment allocation approaches are rapidly evolving and will further benefit from the support of recent advances in e-health and artificial intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Louis Pépin
- HP2 Laboratory, INSERM U1042, University Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France .,EFCR Laboratory, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Peter Eastwood
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute and Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Danny J Eckert
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute and Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
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11
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Dissanayake HU, Colpani JT, Sutherland K, Loke W, Mohammadieh A, Ou YH, de Chazal P, Cistulli PA, Lee CH. Obstructive sleep apnea therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction-Time for a rethink? Clin Cardiol 2021; 44:1729-1738. [PMID: 34791676 PMCID: PMC8715402 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent and underdiagnosed medical condition, which is associated with various cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The current mainstay of therapy is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP); however, CPAP is known to be poorly accepted and tolerated by patients. In randomized controlled trials evaluating CPAP in cardiovascular outcomes, the average usage was less than 3.5 hours, which is below the 4 hours per night recommended to achieve a clinical benefit. This low adherence may have resulted in poor effectiveness and failure to show cardiovascular risk reduction. The mandibular advancement device (MAD) is an intraoral device designed to advance the mandible during sleep. It functions primarily through alteration of the jaw and/or tongue position, which results in improved upper airway patency and reduced upper airway collapsibility. The MAD is an approved alternative therapy that has been consistently shown to be the preferred option by patients who are affected by OSA. Although the MAD is less efficacious than CPAP in abolishing apnea and hypopnea events in some patients, its greater usage results in comparable improvements in quality-of-life and cardiovascular measures, including blood pressure reduction. This review summarizes the impact of OSA on cardiovascular health, the limitations of CPAP, and the potential of OSA treatment using MADs in cardiovascular risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasthi U Dissanayake
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre & Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Juliana T Colpani
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kate Sutherland
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre & Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Weiqiang Loke
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anna Mohammadieh
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre & Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yi-Hui Ou
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Philip de Chazal
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter A Cistulli
- Sleep Research Group, Charles Perkins Centre & Northern Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chi-Hang Lee
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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