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Chen L, Hu E, Shen P, Qian S, Heng W, Zhang J, Gao Y, Wei Y. Development of Amorphous Solid Dispersion Sustained-Release Formulations with Polymer Composite Matrix-Regulated Stable Release Plateaus. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1233-1245. [PMID: 38744732 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to develop ibuprofen (IBU) sustained-release amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) using polymer composites matrix with drug release plateaus for stable release and to further reveal intrinsic links between polymer' matrix ratios and drug release behaviors. METHODS Hydrophilic polymers and hydrophobic polymers were combined to form different composite matrices in developing IBU ASD formulations by hot melt extrusion technique. The intrinsic links between the mixed polymer matrix ratio and drug dissolution behaviors was deeply clarified from the dissolution curves of hydrophilic polymers and swelling curves of composite matrices, and intermolecular forces among the components in ASDs. RESULTS IBU + ammonio methacrylate copolymer type B (RSPO) + poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP VA64) physical mixtures presented unstable release behaviors with large error bars due to inhomogeneities at the micrometer level. However, IBU-RSPO-PVP VA64 ASDs showed a "dissolution plateau phenomenon", i.e., release behaviors of IBU in ASDs were unaffected by polymer ratios when PVP VA64 content was 35% ~ 50%, which could reduce risks of variations in release behaviors due to fluctuations in prescriptions/processes. The release of IBU in ASDs was simultaneously regulated by the PVP VA64-mediated "dissolution" and RSPO-PVP VA64 assembly-mediated "swelling". Radial distribution function suggested that similar intermolecular forces between RSPO and PVP VA64 were key mechanisms for the "dissolution plateau phenomenon" in ASDs at 35% ~ 50% of PVP VA64. CONCLUSIONS This study provided ideas for developing ASD sustained-release formulations with stable release plateau modulated by polymer combinations, taking full advantages of simple process/prescription, ease of scale-up and favorable release behavior of ASD formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingwu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
- Jiuhua & Huayuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chuzhou, 239000, People's Republic of China
| | - Enshi Hu
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiya Shen
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Qian
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Heng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanfeng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
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Pérez-Flores JG, García-Curiel L, Pérez-Escalante E, Contreras-López E, Olloqui EJ. Arabinoxylans matrixes as a potential material for drug delivery systems development - A bibliometric analysis and literature review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25445. [PMID: 38352745 PMCID: PMC10862686 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Arabinoxylans (AX) have become a focal point in the pharmaceutical sector owing to their physicochemical, biological, and functional properties. The purpose of this paper was to present a summary of the utilization of AX as drug release matrices through a bibliometric analysis (BA) and a literature review to spotlight the AX functional characteristics and their technological applications to promote this line of research. The BA was carried out using data from a Web of Science database research, specifically emphasizing the analysis of authors' keywords. This approach was chosen due to its significance in comprehensively understanding a particular research field and its relevance for in-depth knowledge of a research field. The BA outcomes revealed limited information concerning the AX applications in both release matrices and as excipients in the formulation and development of drug delivery systems (DDS), so there is a need for additional scientific and technological research in these areas to address the existing information gaps. However, the literature review shows that the native and modified AX from different delivery release systems, such as macrogels (including films, tablets, and hard gelatin capsules) and multi-particulate systems (including micro and nanogels), present an excellent potential as release matrices of biomolecules and drugs, such as doxorubicin, diclofenac sodium, caffeine, gentamicin, tizanidine hydrochloride, and insulin. In conclusion, AX have a wide potential for application in the pharmaceutical industry, so this work is expected to be a reference point for future research by scientists, technologists, and entrepreneurs who cope with the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Guadalupe Pérez-Flores
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción s/n, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, 42060, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Mexico
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Laura García-Curiel
- Área Académica de Enfermería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Circuito Ex Hacienda La Concepción s/n, Carretera Pachuca-Actopan, 42060, San Agustín Tlaxiaca, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Emmanuel Pérez-Escalante
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Contreras-López
- Área Académica de Química, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, 42184, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Enrique J. Olloqui
- CONAHCyT, Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Puebla, Boulevard Forjadores, 72760, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Mady OY, Dewedar O, Abdine N, Zaytoon H, Haggag Y. Bioadhesive behaviors of HPMC E5: comparative analysis of various techniques, histological and human radiological evidence. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1840. [PMID: 38246953 PMCID: PMC10800332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing drug residence duration within the stomach offers distinct advantages for both localized and systemic effects. Numerous strategies have been proposed to extend drug residence time, with mucoadhesive polymers being a notable avenue. In this context, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E5 has been employed as both a binding agent for granulating contrast metal powder and a mucoadhesive polymer, spanning various concentrations. The in vitro bioadhesion strength of the formulated tablets was gauged against the stomach lining of rabbits, for the quantification of bioadhesive forces. The temporal aspect of bioadhesion was evaluated through two approaches: one centered on gastric fluid dynamics and another proffered by the researchers, focusing on gastric wall kinetics. The results divulged a decline in bioadhesion force concomitant with high polymer concentrations. Histological examination of stained stomach sections revealed mucosal perturbations within the rabbit stomach. These disruptions exhibited an escalating trend in conjunction with elevated polymer concentrations, culminating in extensive disturbance at a 7.5% polymer concentration. The outcomes unveiled a direct relationship between polymer concentration increments and extended contact time. Subsequent radiological tracking of contrast metal behavior within a mature human stomach indicated a residence time of 6 h due to the entrapment of displaced components at disparate locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Y Mady
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Omar Dewedar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Noorelhoda Abdine
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hossam Zaytoon
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Yusuf Haggag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Gomi M, Mizutani N, Senoo R, Matsubara N, Watanabe A, Maruyama M, Kimura G, Higaki K. Development of Sustained Release System Based on High Water-Absorbable Gel Formation Using Croscarmellose Sodium, Alkaline Excipients and HPMC (ACSH SR System); Novel Application of Croscarmellose Sodium as a Gel Former. Pharm Res 2023; 40:3073-3086. [PMID: 37964084 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03630-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Croscarmellose sodium, generally used as a superdisintegrant in pharmaceutical formulations, is hydrolyzed to form the gel structure under basic pH conditions. Utilizing this property of croscarmellose sodium, we developed a novel sustained release (SR) system. METHODS Immediate release (IR) and SR tablets containing croscarmellose sodium, alkaline excipients and/or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were prepared and examined for wet strength and in vitro drug release behavior. In vivo oral drug absorption was evaluated for IR tablets, HPMC tablets and our novel SR tablets in fasted Beagle dogs. RESULTS To form the gel structure even under the physiological condition, alkaline excipients were added into the formulation containing croscarmellose sodium. Furthermore, HPMC was used to make the gel structure strong enough against mechanical destructive forces. The novel alkalized croscarmellose sodium-HPMC (ACSH) SR tablet, consisting of croscarmellose sodium, alkaline excipients, and HPMC, successfully sustained the release of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or nicardipine hydrochloride, compared with the IR tablets. The ACSH SR system provided a better release of acetaminophen than the HPMC tablet without croscarmellose sodium in the release study using a small volume of liquid, suggesting that substantial release and subsequent absorption would be expected in the distal intestinal segments after oral dosing. The in vivo oral absorption study revealed that the ACSH SR system successfully suppressed and prolonged the plasma concentrations of acetaminophen. CONCLUSION This novel ACSH SR system prepared with croscarmellose sodium, alkaline excipients, and HPMC, would be a promising SR formulation for enabling substantial drug absorption in the distal intestinal segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Gomi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
- Formulation R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuise Terajima, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0813, Japan.
| | - Naoya Mizutani
- Formulation R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuise Terajima, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0813, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Senoo
- Formulation R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuise Terajima, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0813, Japan
| | - Noriaki Matsubara
- Formulation R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuise Terajima, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0813, Japan
| | - Ayahisa Watanabe
- Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 3-1-1, Futaba-Cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Go Kimura
- Formulation R&D Laboratory, Research Division, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 2-1-3 Kuise Terajima, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-0813, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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Jayapriya T, Keluskar V, Lagali-Jirge V, Sridhar M. Efficacy of bioadhesives in the management of oral mucositis in patients undergoing radio-chemotherapy for treatment of head and neck cancer-a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:470. [PMID: 37458879 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of head and neck cancers requires a multidisciplinary approach where surgery followed by radio and chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. The above-mentioned treatment can cause mucositis, a severely debilitating side effect. This can have a significant impact on quality of life. A recent advancing mode of drug delivery is the bioadhesive system. This interacts with mucosa by adhering to it and thereby improving the efficacy of the therapeutic agent delivered. AIM AND OBJECTIVE The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of bioadhesives in reducing oral mucositis and relieving pain associated with mucositis in head and neck cancer patients receiving radio-chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHOD Studies assessing the effectiveness of bioadhesives for the treatment of radiation-induced oral mucositis were retrieved from specialized databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, ProQuest, Google Scholar, LILACS, OpenGrey) as well as institutional repositories. Data on incidence, pain reduction, resolution, and improvement of oral mucositis using bioadhesive were compiled. A Cochrane tool was used for randomized controlled trials and a JBI tool for non-randomized controlled trials and observational studies to assess the quality of included studies. Based on the eligible study data, a meta-analysis was conducted with STATA version 16, 2019 software, and 95% confidence intervals and p values greater than 0.05. RESULTS A total of 15 studies were included which assessed the effectiveness of bioadhesives in managing mucositis and its associated pain. Studies included in the review described either reduction, resolution, or incidence of oral mucositis respectively. A total of three meta-analyses were conducted to assess the incidence of oral mucositis and the pain associated with it, as well as the reduction in incidence. Bioadhesives showed statistically significant differences in the incidence of severe mucositis (p = 0.04). A meta-analysis comparing bioadhesives efficacy in reducing mucositis and pain associated with it found no statistically significant differences (p = 0.36). CONCLUSION Bioadhesives are emerging as a novel drug delivery method for treating radio-chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis because of their rapid absorption and easy application. Regardless of its benefits, clinical trials comparing it with conventional treatment methods are necessary to assess its efficacy in treating oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Jayapriya
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology KAHER's KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India
| | - Vaishali Keluskar
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology KAHER's KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India
| | - Vasanti Lagali-Jirge
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology KAHER's KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India
| | - M Sridhar
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology KAHER's KLE Vishwanath Katti Institute of Dental Sciences, Constituent Unit of KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, 590010, India.
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Mohammad SM. The effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling in patients with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome and high serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone. J Med Life 2023; 16:1047-1049. [PMID: 37900074 PMCID: PMC10600685 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Female infertility is often associated with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), characterized by high serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) is commonly used to treat PCOS, especially when drug interventions have failed. This study aimed to evaluate the response to LOD intervention in women with PCOS by assessing AMH serum levels and their ability to restore normal physiological menstrual cycle and achieve conception. Seventy-five infertile women (24-41 years old) with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 19.6-35kg/m2 were included in the study. Among them, 57 had primary infertility, and 18 from secondary infertility, with an average duration of 8.6±4.4 years. Baseline levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and AMH were measured, and post-LOD levels of LH and AMH were evaluated. Menstrual cycle regularity was evaluated before and after LOD. Baseline FSH serum level before LOD was 5.2-1.6IU/L. Following LOD, the serum levels of LH and AMH significantly decreased from 14.3±4.1 to 7.8±2.8 IU/L and from 13.7±5.9 to 7.7±3.9 IU/L, respectively (p<0.05). LOD significantly (p<0.05) decreased the menstrual cycles irregularity, such as oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea, from 55 (73.3%) to 22 (29.3%) women and from 2 (2.7%) to 0 (0%) women respectively. Moreover, regular menstrual cycles significantly (p<0.05) increased from 18 (24%) to 53 (70.7%) women. Importantly, 68% of LOD-treated women showed a significant increase in pregnancy rates, with 52.9%, 35.3%, and 11.8% achieving pregnancy within 3, 6, and 9 months after LOD, respectively (p<0.05). Moreover, spontaneous ovulation was observed in 7/75 (9.3%) women within 90 days after LOD, and 71.4% achieved pregnancy. These findings highlight the success of laparoscopic ovarian drilling as an intervention for PCOS, with AMH serving as a reliable test to assess the response to LOD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheimaa Mohsen Mohammad
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
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Shah V, Khambhla E, Nivsarkar M, Trivedi R, Patel RK. An Integrative QbD Approach for the Development and Optimization of Controlled Release Compressed Coated Formulation of Water-Soluble Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2022; 23:120. [PMID: 35460024 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-022-02225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled release dosage forms maintain regulated pharmacokinetic profile of drug substance within its therapeutic window by ensuring constant plasma concentrations. Controlled release formulations not only increase the therapeutic efficacy of drug substances but also reduce their dose-related side effects. Present investigation was conducted to develop, optimize, and validate compressed coated controlled release tablet formulation for highly water-soluble drug substances which have no rate-controlling factor towards its release from dosage form. Drug dispersed waxy core tablet, press coated within the swellable hydrophilic polymeric barrier layer, was developed and optimized via quality by design approach (QbD) using Box-Behnken design. The optimized formulation was characterized and validated using in vitro quality control parameters. Attributes identified under SUPAC guidelines, such as drug release rates at 30 min, 6 h, and 12 h, were considered as the critical quality attributes (CQAs) that significantly affected efficiency of the compressed coated controlled release tablets. CQAs screened using risk assessment and Pareto chart analyses were used for optimizing controlled release dosage form. Findings revealed that tablets containing drug to wax ratio of 1:1, hydrophilic swellable polymer concentration of 200 mg, and prepared using compression pressure of 6.5 kg/cm2 exhibited the highest desirability indices in terms of controlling the release rate of drug substance. Optimized formulation was also evaluated for swelling rate, erosion rate, and other post-compression parameters, including release kinetics. Fickian diffusion-based zero-order controlled release of BCS class I drug substance was achieved through the developed dosage form.
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Exploration of Neusilin ® US2 as an Acceptable Filler in HPMC Matrix Systems-Comparison of Pharmacopoeial and Dynamic Biorelevant Dissolution Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010127. [PMID: 35057023 PMCID: PMC8780766 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern pharmaceutical technology still seeks new excipients and investigates the further use in already known ones. An example is magnesium aluminometasilicate Neusilin® US2 (NEU), a commonly used inert filler with unique properties that are usable in various pharmaceutical fields of interest. We aimed to explore its application in hypromellose matrix systems (HPMC content 10–30%) compared to the traditionally used microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) PH 102. The properties of powder mixtures and directly compressed tablets containing individual fillers NEU or MCC, or their blend with ratios of 1.5:1, 1:1, and 0.5:1 were investigated. Besides the routine pharmaceutical testing, we have enriched the matrices’ evaluation with a biorelevant dynamic dissolution study and advanced statistical analysis. Under the USP apparatus 2 dissolution test, NEU, individually, did not provide advantages compared to MCC. The primary limitations were the burst effect increase followed by faster drug release at the 10–20% HPMC concentrations. However, the biorelevant dynamic dissolution study did not confirm these findings and showed similarities in dissolution profiles. It indicates the limitations of pharmacopoeial methods in matrix tablet development. Surprisingly, the NEU/MCC blend matrices at the same HPMC concentration showed technologically advantageous properties. Besides improved flowability, tablet hardness, and a positive impact on the in vitro drug dissolution profile toward zero-order kinetics, the USP 2 dissolution data of the samples N75M50 and N50M50 showed a similarity to those obtained from the dynamic biorelevant apparatus with multi-compartment structure. This finding demonstrates the more predictable in vivo behaviour of the developed matrix systems in human organisms.
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Sriram A, Tangirala S, Atmakuri S, Hoque S, Modani S, Srivastava S, Mahajan S, Maji I, Kumar R, Khatri D, Madan J, Singh PK. Budding Multi-matrix Technology-a Retrospective Approach, Deep Insights, and Future Perspectives. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:264. [PMID: 34734325 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human race is consistently striving for achieving good health and eliminate disease-causing factors. For the last few decades, scientists have been endeavoring to invent and innovate technologies that can substitute the conventional dosage forms and enable targeted and prolonged drug release at a particular site. The novel multi-matrix technology is a type of matrix formulation where the formulation is embraced to have a matrix system with multiple number of matrices. The MMX technology embraces with a combination of outer hydrophilic layer and amphiphilic/lipophilic core layer, within which drug is encapsulated followed by enteric coating for extended/targeted release at the required site. In comparison to conventional oral drug delivery systems and other drug delivery systems, multi-matrix (MMX) technology formulations afford many advantages. Additionally, it attributes for targeting strategy aimed at the colon and offers modified prolonged drug release. Thus, it has emerged rapidly as a potential alternative option in targeted oral drug delivery. However, the development of this MMX technology formulations is a exigent task and also has its own set of limitations. Due to its promising advantages and colon targeting strategy over the other colon targeted drug delivery systems, premier global companies are exploiting its potential. This article review deep insights into the formulation procedures, drug delivery mechanism, advantages, limitations, safety and efficacy studies of various marketed drug formulations of MMX technology including regulatory perspectives and future perspectives.
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Hydration Patterns in Sodium Alginate Polymeric Matrix Tablets-The Result of Drug Substance Incorporation. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216531. [PMID: 34772056 PMCID: PMC8585188 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose was to show, using destructive/nondestructive methods, that the interplay between water, tablet structure, and composition determine the unique spatiotemporal hydration pattern of polymer-based matrices. The tablets containing a 1:1 w/w mixture of sodium alginate with salicylic acid (ALG/SA) or sodium salicylate (ALG/SNA) were studied using Karl Fischer titration, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray microtomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. As the principal results, matrix specific features were detected, e.g., "locking" of the internal part of the matrix (ALG/SA); existence of lamellar region associated with detection of free/freezing water (ALG/SA); existence of water penetrating the matrix forming specific region preceding infiltration layer (ALG/SNA); switch in the onset temperature of endothermic water peak associated with an increase in the fraction of non-freezing water weight per dry matrix weight in the infiltration layer (ALG/SNA). The existence of complicated spatiotemporal hydration patterns influenced by matrix composition and molecular properties of constituents has been demonstrated.
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A Four-Step Cascade Drug-Release Management Strategy for Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization (TACE) Therapeutic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213701. [PMID: 34771257 PMCID: PMC8588239 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop a four-step cascade drug-release system for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapeutic applications according to disease-driven and patient-focused design theories. The four steps underlying these strategies involve the blockage of nutrient supply, nanoparticles, codelivery and the cell cytotoxic effect. Calibrated spherical gellan gum (GG) and nanoparticle-containing gellan gum microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil emulsification method. Self-assembled nanoparticles featuring amine-functionalized graphene oxide (AFGO) as the doxorubicin (Dox) carrier were prepared. The results confirm that, as a drug carrier, AFGO–Dox nanoparticles can facilitate the transport of doxorubicin into HepG2 liver cancer cells. Subsequently, AFGO–Dox was introduced into gellan gum (GG) microspheres, thus forming GG/AFGO–Dox microspheres with a mean size of 200–700 μm. After a drug release experiment lasting 28 days, the amount of doxorubicin released from 674 and 226 μm GG/AFGO–Dox microspheres was 2.31 and 1.18 μg/mg, respectively. GG/AFGO–Dox microspheres were applied in a rabbit ear embolization model, where ischemic necrosis was visible on the ear after 12 days. Our aim for the future is to provide better embolization agents for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) using this device.
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Zeb-un-Nisa, Shoaib MH, Yousuf RI, Ali SI, Mahmood ZA, Jabeen S, Qazi F. Influence of different viscosity grade Methocel and Ethocel polymers for the development of controlled release dimenhydrinate matrix tablets. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Sharma PK, Chauhan MK. Optimization and Characterization of Brimonidine Tartrate Nanoparticles-loaded In Situ Gel for the Treatment of Glaucoma. Curr Eye Res 2021; 46:1703-1716. [PMID: 33844617 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2021.1916037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Purposes: The present study aimed to develop brimonidine tartrate loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) acid vitamin E-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (BRT-PLGA-TPGS) nanoparticles in thermosensitivein situ gel to improve mucoadhensive properties and drug holding capacity for the better management of glaucoma.Methods: Nanoparticles was optimized by means of Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The formulations were prepared using various concentration of PLGA (0.1-0.4% w/v) and TPGS (0.3-0.5% w/v). The analytical data of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) depicted the drug excipients compatibility and confirmed the nanoparticles. Nanoparticles incorporated gel was evaluated for transcorneal permeability, gelation time, gelling temperature, and rheological studies. In addition, in vitro, transcorneal permeation drug release studies and intraocular pressure (IOP) for optimized gel was also performed. Biocompatibility of formulations was investigated in rabbit model.Results: The drug loaded nanoparticles exhibited 115.72 ± 4.18 nm, 0.190 ± 0.02, -11.80 ± 2.24 mV and 74.85 ± 6.54% of mean size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential and entrapment efficiency (% EE), respectively. As compared to marketed eye drop, the sustained and continuous release BRT release from Poloxamer-based in situ gel was 85.31 ± 3.51% till 24 h. The transcorneal steady-state flux (136.32 μg cm-2 h-1) of optimized in situ gel was approximately 3.5 times higher than marketed formulation (38.60 μg cm-2 h-1) flux at 4 h. The optimized formulation produces 3 fold greater influences on percentage reduction of IOP (34.46 ± 4.21%) than the marketed formulation (12.24 ± 2.90%) till 8 h.Conclusion: The incorporation of optimized BRT-PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles into a thermosensitivein situ gel matrix to improve precorneal residence time without causing eye irritation and also serve the sustained release of BRT through cornea for effective management of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Sharma
- NDDS Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, DPSR-University, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenakshi Kanwar Chauhan
- NDDS Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, DPSR-University, New Delhi, India
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Spatiotemporal Analysis of Hydration Mechanism in Sodium Alginate Matrix Tablets. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030646. [PMID: 33573366 PMCID: PMC7866837 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Methods of spatiotemporal characterization of nonequilibrated polymer based matrices are still immature and imperfect. The purpose of the study was to develop the methodology for the spatiotemporal characterization of water transport and properties in alginate tablets under hydration. The regions of low water content were spatially and temporally sampled using Karl Fisher and Differential Scanning Callorimetry (spatial distribution of freezing/nonfreezing water) with spatial resolution of 1 mm. In the regions of high water content, where sampling was infeasible due to gel/sol consistency, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enabled characterization with an order of magnitude higher spatial resolution. The minimally hydrated layer (MHL), infiltration layer (IL) and fully hydrated layer (FHL) were identified in the unilaterally hydrated matrices. The MHL gained water from the first hour of incubation (5–10% w/w) and at 4 h total water content was 29–39% with nonfreezing pool of 28–29%. The water content in the IL was 45–47% and at 4 h it reached ~50% with the nonfreezing pool of 28% and T2 relaxation time < 10 ms. The FHL consisted of gel and sol layer with water content of 85–86% with a nonfreezing pool of 11% at 4 h and T2 in the range 20–200 ms. Hybrid destructive/nondestructive analysis of alginate matrices under hydration was proposed. It allowed assessing the temporal changes of water distribution, its mobility and interaction with matrices in identified layers.
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Moin A, Gangadharappa HV, Adnan M, Rizvi SM, Ashraf SA, Patel M, Abu Lila AS, Allam AN. Modulation of Drug Release from Natural Polymer Matrices by Response Surface Methodology: in vitro and in vivo Evaluation. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:5325-5336. [PMID: 33293794 PMCID: PMC7719052 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s279955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The present work aimed at challenging the efficacy of natural gums, karaya and locust bean gum, as matrix-forming polymers for the formulation of sustained-release tablets of diltiazem, a model drug. Methods Central design composite was adopted for the formulation and optimization of tablet formulations. The two gums have been selected as independent variables. The dependent factors chosen were the amount of drug released in 1st hour (Y1), amount of drug released after 12 h (Y2), diffusion exponent (Y3), and time for half of the total drug released (T50%) (Y4). Wet granulation approach was used for the formulation of tablets. FT-IR, DSC, in vitro dissolution, swelling-erosion investigations, SEM, and stability studies were carried out. Results and Discussion It was evident that the release pattern from the prepared formulations was significantly influenced by the quantity of gum(s) in the tablet. FT-IR and DSC results confirm drug-polymer compatibility. Polynomial equations were used for the prediction of quantitative impact of independent factors at different levels on response variables. After ANOVA analysis, the significant factors were considered for constrained optimization to get the optimized formula. The optimized formula generated by the response surface methodology was evaluated both for in vitro and in vivo properties. The optimized formula and a sustained-release marketed product were subjected to in vivo studies in rabbits and the results of the t-test demonstrated insignificant variation in pharmacokinetic parameters among the two formulations, confirming that the prepared tablet showed sustained-release profile. Conclusion The results indicated that karaya and locust bean gum can be effectively used to formulate sustained-release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrasim Moin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosahalli V Gangadharappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru, India
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed M Rizvi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed A Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mitesh Patel
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat, India
| | - Amr S Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Allam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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16
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Ciolacu DE, Nicu R, Ciolacu F. Cellulose-Based Hydrogels as Sustained Drug-Delivery Systems. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E5270. [PMID: 33233413 PMCID: PMC7700533 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels, three-dimensional (3D) polymer networks, present unique properties, like biocompatibility, biodegradability, tunable mechanical properties, sensitivity to various stimuli, the capacity to encapsulate different therapeutic agents, and the ability of controlled release of the drugs. All these characteristics make hydrogels important candidates for diverse biomedical applications, one of them being drug delivery. The recent achievements of hydrogels as safe transport systems, with desired therapeutic effects and with minimum side effects, brought outstanding improvements in this area. Moreover, results from the utilization of hydrogels as target therapy strategies obtained in clinical trials are very encouraging for future applications. In this regard, the review summarizes the general concepts related to the types of hydrogel delivery systems, their properties, the main release mechanisms, and the administration pathways at different levels (oral, dermal, ocular, nasal, gastrointestinal tract, vaginal, and cancer therapy). After a general presentation, the review is focused on recent advances in the design, preparation and applications of innovative cellulose-based hydrogels in controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raluca Nicu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Florin Ciolacu
- Natural and Synthetic Polymers Department, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania
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Mohamed EM, Khuroo T, Afrooz H, Dharani S, Sediri K, Cook P, Arunagiri R, Khan MA, Rahman Z. Development of a Multivariate Predictive Dissolution Model for Tablets Coated with Cellulose Ester Blends. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100311. [PMID: 33076276 PMCID: PMC7602398 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present investigation was to develop a predictive dissolution model for tablets coated with blends of cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) 171-15 and cellulose acetate phthalate (C-A-P) using the design of experiment and chemometric approaches. Diclofenac sodium was used as a model drug. Coating weight gain (X1, 5, 7.5 and 10%) and CAB 171-15 percentage (X2, 33.3, 50 and 66.7%) in the coating composition relative to C-A-P and were selected as independent variables by full factorial experimental design. The responses monitored were dissolution at 1 (Y1), 8 (Y2), and 24 (Y3) h. Statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects of X1 on Y1 and X2 on Y1, Y2, and Y3 were observed. The models showed a good correlation between actual and predicted values as indicated by the correlation coefficients of 0.964, 0.914, and 0.932 for Y1, Y2, and Y3, respectively. For the chemometric model development, the near infrared spectra of the coated tablets were collected, and partial least square regression (PLSR) was performed. PLSR also showed a good correlation between actual and model predicted values as indicated by correlation coefficients of 0.916, 0.964, and 0.974 for Y1, Y2, and Y3, respectively. Y1, Y2, and Y3 predicted values of the independent sample by both approaches were close to the actual values. In conclusion, it is possible to predict the dissolution of tablets coated with blends of cellulose esters by both approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M. Mohamed
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Tahir Khuroo
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Hamideh Afrooz
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Sathish Dharani
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Khaldia Sediri
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, ACTR Univ. Ain Temouchent DGRCT, BP 248, 46000 Ain Temouchent, Algeria
| | - Phillip Cook
- Eastman Chemical Company, Kingsport, TN 37662, USA; (P.C.); (R.A.)
| | | | - Mansoor A. Khan
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Ziyaur Rahman
- Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (E.M.M.); (T.K.); (H.A.); (S.D.); (K.S.); (M.A.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-979-436-0873
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Imaging of the Effect of Alcohol-Containing Media on the Performance of Hypromellose Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets: Comparison of Direct Compression and Regular Grades of Polymer. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12090889. [PMID: 32961942 PMCID: PMC7559722 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the ingestion of drug products with alcohol could have adverse effects on the release of drugs from dosage forms, it is important to understand the mechanisms underpinning the influence on drug release by evaluating the effect of alcohol-containing media on the behaviour of pharmaceutical excipients. In this work, the effect of hydroalcoholic media containing up to 40% v/v absolute ethanol was evaluated, employing both the regular (CR) and direct compression grades (DC) of hypromellose. X-ray microtomography (XµT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used as complementary techniques in determining the influence of the media composition on the ability of the CR and DC polymers to form and evolve the gel layer that controls drug release. Particle and powder properties of the polymer were characterised to determine any relationship to performance in hydroalcoholic media. Triboelectrification results showed the CR grade formulation to charge electropositively whereas the DC grade charged electronegatively. The flow properties also showed the DC grade to have a superior flow as compared to its CR counterpart. Differences in particle morphology between the grades influenced charging and flow behaviour of the powders; however, it did not seem to impact significantly either on the mechanical strength or the drug release properties of the compacted formulation using the model drug propranolol HCl. XµT and MRI imaging were successfully used as complementary techniques in determining the gel layer/hydration layer thickness measurements as the layer developed, as well as following ingress of hydroalcoholic media and its impact on the dry core. The result showed that although differences were present in the gel layer thickness potentially due to differences in particle morphology, this also did not impact significantly on the dissolution process, especially in acidic and hydroalcoholic media.
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Giri BR, Poudel S, Kim DW. Cellulose and its derivatives for application in 3D printing of pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00498-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Wang H, Dumpa N, Bandari S, Durig T, Repka MA. Fabrication of Taste-Masked Donut-Shaped Tablets Via Fused Filament Fabrication 3D Printing Paired with Hot-Melt Extrusion Techniques. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:243. [PMID: 32856144 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01783-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to develop taste-masked donut-shaped tablet formulations utilizing fused filament fabrication three-dimensional printing paired with hot-melt extrusion techniques. Caffeine citrate was used as the model drug for its bitter taste, and a 3-point bend test was performed to assess the printability of filaments. The stiffness constant was calculated to represent the printability by fitting the breaking distances and stress data into Hooke's law. The formulations without Eudragit E PO (F6) and with Eudragit E PO (F7) filaments exhibited the desired hardness with a "k" value of 48.30 ± 3.52 and 45.47 ± 3.51 g/mm3 (n = 10), respectively, and were successfully printed. The donut-shaped tablets were 3D printed with 10, 50, and 100% infill densities. In vitro dissolution studies were performed in simulated salivary fluid (pH 6.8, artificial saliva) to evaluate the taste-masking efficiency of the printed donuts. In the first minute, the concentrations of caffeine citrate observed in the dissolution media from all the printed donuts were less than the bitter threshold of caffeine citrate (0.25 mg/mL). Formulation F7, which contained Eudragit E PO copolymer, demonstrated better taste-masking efficiency than formulation F6. Furthermore, both formulations F6 and F7 demonstrated immediate drug release profiles in gastric medium (10% infill, > 80% release within 1 h). Taste-masked caffeine citrate formulations were successfully developed with donut shapes, which will enhance appeal in pediatric populations and increase compliance and patient acceptance of the dosage form.
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21
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Danielak D, Milanowski B, Wentowski K, Nogowska M, Kątny M, Rogowski P, Konwicki Ł, Puk E, Pieczuro J, Bawiec M, Garbacz G, Lulek J. Physiologically Based Dissolution Testing in a Drug Development Process-a Case Study of a Successful Application in a Bioequivalence Study of Trazodone ER Formulations Under Fed Conditions. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:161. [PMID: 32488427 PMCID: PMC7266804 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01662-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Development of generic extended-release (ER) formulations is challenging. Especially under fed conditions, the risk of failure in bioequivalence trials is high because of long gastric residence times and susceptibility to food effects. We describe the development of a generic trazodone ER formulation that was aided with a biorelevant dissolution evaluation. Trazodone hydrochloride 300-mg monolithic matrix tablets were dissolved both in USP and EMA compliant conditions and in the StressTest device that simulated both physicochemical and mechanical conditions of the gastrointestinal passage. The final formulation was tested against the originator, Trittico XR 300 mg, in a randomized cross-over bioequivalence trial with 44 healthy volunteers, in agreement with EMA guidelines. Initially developed formulations dissolved trazodone similarly to the originator under standard conditions (f2 factor above 50), but their dissolution kinetics differed significantly in the biorelevant tests. The formulation was optimized by the addition of low-viscosity hypromellose and mannitol. The final formulation was approved for the bioequivalence trial. Calculated Cmax were 1.92 ± 0.77 and 1.92 ± 0.63 [μg/mL], AUC0-t were 27.46 ± 8.39 and 29.96 ± 9.09 [μg∙h/mL], and AUC0-∞ were 28.22 ± 8.91 and 30.82 ± 9.41 [μg∙h/mL] for the originator and test formulations, respectively. The 90% confidence intervals of all primary pharmacokinetic parameters fell within the 80-125% range. In summary, biorelevant dissolution tests supported successful development of a generic trazodone ER formulation pharmaceutically equivalent with the originator under fed conditions. Employment of biorelevant dissolution tests may decrease the risk of failure in bioequivalence trials of ER formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Danielak
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego st, 60-781, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Milanowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka st, 60-780, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Maria Nogowska
- Biofarm Sp. z o.o, 13 Wałbrzyska st, 60-198, Poznań, Poland
| | - Michał Kątny
- Biofarm Sp. z o.o, 13 Wałbrzyska st, 60-198, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Rogowski
- Biofarm Sp. z o.o, 13 Wałbrzyska st, 60-198, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Puk
- Biofarm Sp. z o.o, 13 Wałbrzyska st, 60-198, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Marek Bawiec
- Institute of Computer Engineering, Control and Robotics, Wroclaw University of Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspańskiego st, 50-370, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Garbacz
- Physiolution GmbH, Walther-Rathenau Strasse 49a, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Janina Lulek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Grunwaldzka st, 60-780, Poznań, Poland
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Franco P, De Marco I. The Use of Poly( N-vinyl pyrrolidone) in the Delivery of Drugs: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1114. [PMID: 32414187 PMCID: PMC7285361 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a hydrophilic polymer widely employed as a carrier in the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and nutraceutical fields. Up to now, several PVP-based systems have been developed to deliver different active principles, of both natural and synthetic origin. Various formulations and morphologies have been proposed using PVP, including microparticles and nanoparticles, fibers, hydrogels, tablets, and films. Its versatility and peculiar properties make PVP one of the most suitable and promising polymers for the development of new pharmaceutical forms. This review highlights the role of PVP in drug delivery, focusing on the different morphologies proposed for different polymer/active compound formulations. It also provides detailed information on active principles and used technologies, optimized process parameters, advantages, disadvantages, and final applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iolanda De Marco
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy;
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Varghese S, Chaudhary JP, Ghoroi C. One-step dry synthesis of an iron based nano-biocomposite for controlled release of drugs. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13394-13404. [PMID: 35493020 PMCID: PMC9051537 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra01133a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-based drug carriers have gained significant importance in Control Drug Delivery Systems (CDDS). In the present work, a new iron-based magnetic nano bio-composite (nano-Fe-CNB) is developed in a one-step dry calcination process (solventless) using a seaweed-based biopolymer. The detailed analysis of the developed nano Fe-CNB is carried out using FE-SEM, HR-TEM, P-XRD, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR etc. and shows that nano-Fe-CNB consists of nanoparticles of 5–10 nm decorated on 7–8 nm thick 2-D graphitic carbon material. The impregnation of nano-Fe-CNB into the calcium alginate (CA) hydrogel beads is found to have good drug loading capacity as well as pH responsive control release behavior which is demonstrated using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model cancer drug. The drug loading experiments exhibit ∼94% loading of DOX and release shows ∼38% and ∼8% release of DOX at pH 5.4 and 7.4 respectively. The developed nano Fe-CNB facilitates strong electrostatic interactions with cationic DOX molecules at pH 7.4 and thereby restricts the release of the drug at physiological pH. However, at cancer cell pH (5.4), the interaction between the drug and nano-Fe-CNB reduces which facilitates more drug release at pH 5.4. Thus, the developed nano-biocomposite has the potential to reduce the undesired side effects associated with faster release of drugs. Schematics for synthesis and application of magnetic nano-biocomposite for control release of DOX.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Varghese
- DryProTech Lab., Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gandhinagar-382355 Gujarat India +91-79-23952405
| | - Jai Prakash Chaudhary
- DryProTech Lab., Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gandhinagar-382355 Gujarat India +91-79-23952405
| | - Chinmay Ghoroi
- DryProTech Lab., Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar Palaj Gandhinagar-382355 Gujarat India +91-79-23952405
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Simancas-Herbada R, Fernández-Carballido A, Aparicio-Blanco J, Slowing K, Rubio-Retama J, López-Cabarcos E, Torres-Suárez AI. Controlled Release of Highly Hydrophilic Drugs from Novel Poly(Magnesium Acrylate) Matrix Tablets. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E174. [PMID: 32093038 PMCID: PMC7076391 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential of a new poly(magnesium acrylate) hydrogel (PAMgA) as a pharmaceutical excipient for the elaboration of matrix tablets for the extended release of highly hydrophilic drugs was evaluated. The polymer was synthetized with two different crosslinking degrees that were characterized by FTIR and DSC. Their acute oral toxicity was determined in a mouse model, showing no toxicity at doses up to 10 g/kg. Matrix tablets were prepared using metformin hydrochloride as a model drug and the mechanisms involved in drug release (swelling and/or erosion) were investigated using biorrelevant media. This new hydrogel effectively controlled the release of small and highly hydrophilic molecules as metformin, when formulated in matrix tablets for oral administration. The rate of metformin release from PAMgA matrices was mainly controlled by its diffusion through the gel layer (Fickian diffusion). The swelling capacity and the erosion of the matrix tablets influenced the metformin release rate, that was slower at pH 6.8, where polymer swelling is more intensive, than in gastric medium, where matrix erosion is slightly more rapid. The crosslinking degree of the polymer significantly influenced its swelling capacity in acid pH, where swelling is moderate, but not in intestinal fluid, where swelling is more intense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Simancas-Herbada
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.-H.); (A.F.-C.); (J.A.-B.)
| | - Ana Fernández-Carballido
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.-H.); (A.F.-C.); (J.A.-B.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Aparicio-Blanco
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.-H.); (A.F.-C.); (J.A.-B.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Karla Slowing
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge Rubio-Retama
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (E.L.-C.)
| | - Enrique López-Cabarcos
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.R.-R.); (E.L.-C.)
| | - Ana-Isabel Torres-Suárez
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Food Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (R.S.-H.); (A.F.-C.); (J.A.-B.)
- Institute of Industrial Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Joseph SK, Sabitha M, Nair SC. Stimuli-Responsive Polymeric Nanosystem for Colon Specific Drug Delivery. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:1-12. [PMID: 32002356 PMCID: PMC6983990 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2020.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An ideal colon specific drug delivery system needs to perform multiple functions like greater bio availability, less toxicity and higher therapeutic efficacy, all of which require high degree of smartness. This article focuses on the overview of the stimuli-responsive polymers and various nanodrug delivery systems which have found applications in colon specific delivery of drugs as this system provide a link between therapeutic need and drug delivery. These polymers exhibit a non-linear response to a small stimulus leading to a macroscopic alteration in their structure/properties. Stimuli responsive polymers display a significant physio chemical change in response to small changes in their environment (temperature, pH, light etc.). Colonic drug delivery has gained increased importance in treating diseases like Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, colon cancer etc. The expansion in the development of polymers based system with greater flexibility, versatility and unexplored potential enables new opportunities for them in uplifting bio medicine. Applying the concepts of smartness in the context of clinically relevant therapeutic and diagnostic systems, it can prelude in a new era of 'smart' therapeutics that can improve the health care fields. In particular, due to its high sensitivity to the stimuli, this system has been identified as a sensible platform for releasing drug at suitable site and at appropriate time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kunnath Joseph
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682041, India
| | - Mangalath Sabitha
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Kochi-682041, India
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26
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Liu X, Lu X, Su Y, Kun E, Zhang F. Clay-Polymer Nanocomposites Prepared by Reactive Melt Extrusion for Sustained Drug Release. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E51. [PMID: 31936176 PMCID: PMC7022276 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Clay-polymer nanocomposites have exhibited a great potential as carriers for controlled release drug delivery. This study aims to prepare exfoliated montmorillonite-Eudragit RS nanocomposites using reactive melt extrusion and investigate the influence of claying loading, clay types (sodium montmorillonite (Cloisite Na) vs. organomodified montmorillonite (Cloisite 20)) on clay-polymer interactions and drug release properties. The clays were used as the filler material at various levels in Eudragit RS and theophylline was used as the active pharmaceutical ingredient. The resulting structure of the nanocomposites was characterized using TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and XRPD (X-ray powder diffraction). The hygroscopicity of the nanocomposites was investigated using DVS (dynamic vapor sorption). The effect of the interfacial interaction between the polymer and clay sheet, the clay loading as well as the clay type on the drug release behavior were further studied by dissolution testing. TEM and XRPD data show that when the clay content is increased from 5% to 15% by weight, the nanocomposite's structure switches from a fully exfoliated state to intercalated structures or partial exfoliation with stacked clay layers. FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and ssNMR (solid-state NMR) results suggest that Cloisite Na and Cloisite 20 layers exhibit different interaction strengths with polymer networks by creating compacted complex structures. The addition of nanoclay in the formulation could robustly adjust drug release profiles, and the clay concentration and type are important factors that affect the crossing-linking density of the nanocomposites by adjusting the drug release properties. This study indicates that the clay-Eudragit RS nanocomposites provide an improved oral controlled drug delivery system that minimizes the drug dosing frequency, potentially leading to improved patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (X.L.); (Y.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA;
| | - Yongchao Su
- College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (X.L.); (Y.S.); (E.K.)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA;
| | - Eucharist Kun
- College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (X.L.); (Y.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, the University of Texas at Austin, 2409 University Avenue, A1920, Austin, TX 78712, USA; (X.L.); (Y.S.); (E.K.)
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27
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Ward A, Walton K, Mawla N, Kaialy W, Liu L, Timmins P, Conway BR, Asare-Addo K. Development of a novel method utilising dissolution imaging for the measurement of swelling behaviour in hydrophilic matrices. Int J Pharm X 2019; 1:100013. [PMID: 31517278 PMCID: PMC6733280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2019.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A variety of imaging techniques are currently used within the field of pharmaceutics to help understand and determine a wide range of phenomena associated with drug release from hydrophilic matrix tablets. This work for the first time aims at developing an appropriate testing imaging methodology using a surface dissolution imaging instrument (SDI2) for determining the swelling of whole compacts using hypromellose as a model hydrophilic matrix former. The influence of particle morphology (CR and DC grades) and two compressional forces (5 and 15 kN) on the initial swelling behaviour of hypromellose were investigated. The results showed that a lower absorbance of 50 mAu with a wider measurement zone proved successful in determining the edge of the gel layer and growth measurements in real-time with high level of details under flow. Despite the differences in the morphology of the grades of hypromellose tested, it was however discovered that gel growth was statistically similar between them which may be attributed to their similar chemistry. This novel method also highlighted differences in the hydrated polymer's appearance which may have been as a result of differences in porosity and solid fraction. This information is of great importance to a formulator as gel growth plays a crucial role in determining drug release from polymer compacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Ward
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Karl Walton
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Nihad Mawla
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Waseem Kaialy
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK
| | - Lande Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Peter Timmins
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Barbara R. Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
- Corresponding author.
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Kaur G, Arora M, Ravi Kumar MNV. Oral Drug Delivery Technologies-A Decade of Developments. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 370:529-543. [PMID: 31010845 PMCID: PMC6806634 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.255828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced drug delivery technologies, in general, enable drug reformulation and administration routes, together contributing to life-cycle management and allowing the innovator to maintain the product monopoly. Over the years, there has been a steady shift from mere life-cycle management to drug repurposing-applying delivery technologies to tackle solubility and permeability issues in early stages or safety and efficacy issues in the late stages of drug discovery processes. While the drug and the disease in question primarily drive the choice of route of administration, the oral route, for its compliance and safety attributes, is the most preferred route, particularly when it comes to chronic conditions, including pain, which is not considered a disease but a symptom of a primary cause. Therefore, the attempt of this review is to take a stock of the advances in oral delivery technologies that are applicable for injectable to oral transformation, improve risk-benefit profiles of existing orals, and apply them in the early discovery program to minimize the drug attrition rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - M Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - M N V Ravi Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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29
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Trofimiuk M, Wasilewska K, Winnicka K. How to Modify Drug Release in Paediatric Dosage Forms? Novel Technologies and Modern Approaches with Regard to Children's Population. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3200. [PMID: 31261877 PMCID: PMC6650933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pharmaceutical technology, paediatric population still presents the greatest challenge in terms of developing flexible and appropriate drug dosage forms. As for many medicines, there is a lack of paediatric dosage forms adequate for a child's age; it is a prevailing practice to use off label formulations. Children need balanced and personalized treatment, patient-friendly preparations, as well as therapy that facilitates dosing and thus eliminates frequent drug administration, which can be ensured by modified release (MR) forms. MR formulations are commonly used in adult therapy, while rarely available for children. The aim of this article is to elucidate how to modify drug release in paediatric oral dosage forms, discuss the already accessible technologies and to introduce novel approaches of manufacturing with regard to paediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Trofimiuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2a, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wasilewska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Winnicka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2c, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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30
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Chen L, Yang G, Chu X, Gao C, Wang Y, Gong W, Li Z, Yang Y, Yang M, Gao C. Polymer Distribution and Mechanism Conversion in Multiple Media of Phase-Separated Controlled-Release Film-Coating. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11020080. [PMID: 30769846 PMCID: PMC6410001 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11020080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phase-separated films of water-insoluble ethyl cellulose (EC) and water-soluble hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) can be utilized to tailor drug release from coated pellets. In the present study, the effects of HPC levels and the pH, type, ionic strength and osmolarity of the media on the release profiles of soluble metoprolol succinates from the EC/HPC-coated pellets were investigated, and the differences in drug-release kinetics in multiple media were further elucidated through the HPC leaching and swelling kinetics of the pellets, morphology (SEM) and water uptake of the free films and the interaction between the coating polymers and the media compositions. Interestingly, the drug release rate from the pellets in different media was not in agreement with the drug solubility which have a positive correlation with the drug dissolution rate based on Noyes–Whitney equation law. In particular, the drug release rate in acetate buffer at pH 4.5 was faster than that in other media despite the solubility of drug was relatively lower, regardless of the HPC levels. It may be attributed to the mutual effect between the EC and acetate buffer, which improved the permeability of the film. In contrast, the release of drug in HCl solution was dependent on the HPC levels. Increasing the levels of HPC increased the effects of hydrogen ions on the polymer of HPC, which resulted in a lower viscosity and strength of the gel, forming the larger size of pores in polymer films, thus increasing the drug diffused from the coating film. Further findings in phosphate buffer showed a reduction in the drug release compared to that in other media, which was only sensitive to the osmolarity rather than the HPC level and pH of the buffer. Additionally, a mathematical theory was used to better explain and understand the experimentally measured different drug release patterns. In summary, the study revealed that the effects of the media overcompensated that of the drug solubility to some extent for controlled-release of the coating polymers, and the drug release mechanism in multiple media depend on EC and HPC rather than on HPC alone, which may have a potential to facilitate the optimization of ideally film-coated formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Guobao Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Xiaoyang Chu
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunhong Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yuli Wang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Wei Gong
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Zhiping Li
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Meiyan Yang
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Chunsheng Gao
- State key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China.
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SAMIE M, BASHIR S, ABBAS J, KHAN S, AMAN N, JAN H, MUHAMMAD N. Design, Formulation and In Vitro Evaluation of Sustained-release Tablet Formulations of Levosulpiride. Turk J Pharm Sci 2018; 15:309-318. [PMID: 32454675 PMCID: PMC7227831 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.29200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Levosulpiride is a widely used gastroprokinetic agent in the treatment of various gastric disorders; however, its short half-life and increased dosage frequency leads to non-compliance and possible adverse effects. The prime objective of the current study was to develop a sustained-release formulation of Levosulpiride incorporating bioresorbable cellulose derivatives. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sustained-release formulations of Levosulpiride were prepared through direct compression using various cellulose derivatives such as CMC sodium, HPC, and HPMC in different polymer-to-drug weight ratios as release-modifying polymers. The powder blends and compressed tablets were then subjected to pre-compressional and post-compressional evaluation, as well as FTIR analysis. In vitro release studies were performed for all formulations of the model drug in buffer solution of pH 6.8 at a wave length of 214 nm by a UV-visible light spectrophotometer. RESULTS The FTIR results confirmed that the interaction between components was physical, and from the different kinetic models data, the release profile was best expressed by the Higuchi model because the results showed high linearity. The results also showed formulation F9 to be the ideal one among the developed formulations, exhibiting sustained- release behavior. CONCLUSION Levosulpiride sustained-release matrices were prepared successfully using CMC sodium, HPC, and HPMC as the release-retarding polymer/carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad SAMIE
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajid BASHIR
- Sargodha University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jabbar ABBAS
- People’s University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Abad, Pakistan
| | - Samiullah KHAN
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Nargis AMAN
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Habibullah JAN
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Naveed MUHAMMAD
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Mardan, Pakistan
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32
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Kallakunta VR, Patil H, Tiwari R, Ye X, Upadhye S, Vladyka RS, Sarabu S, Kim DW, Bandari S, Repka MA. Exploratory studies in heat-assisted continuous twin-screw dry granulation: A novel alternative technique to conventional dry granulation. Int J Pharm 2018; 555:380-393. [PMID: 30458256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dry granulation is the preferred technique for solvent-sensitive products, especially drugs with stability problems such as hydrolysis. Twin-screw granulation is a continuous granulation technique, offering a potential alternative to conventional dry granulation techniques such as roller compaction. The major advantage of twin-screw granulation is the ability to adjust process parameters of dry granulation without compromising the compression properties. This study was aimed to perform exploratory studies of heat-assisted continuous twin-screw dry granulation process to formulate sustained release tablets for APIs with different melting points: theophylline, acetaminophen and lidocaine hydrochloride hydrate. Granulation feasibility was studied with different binders (e.g. Klucel™ EF, Kollidon® VA64), sustained release agents (e.g. Klucel™ MF, Eudragit® RSPO) and diluents at various drug loads. The processing conditions were below the melting point or glass transition temperature of the formulation ingredients. After successful granulation, DSC and XRD studies revealed the crystalline nature of the granules and FTIR studies showed no interaction of the API with the excipients. The granules were compressed into sustained release tablets without any compressibility issues. The tablets were stable after testing for 6 months at 25 °C/60% RH. This novel continuous dry granulation technique may offer an excellent alternative to conventional dry granulation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raman Kallakunta
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Hemlata Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Roshan Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Xingyou Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Sampada Upadhye
- Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 School House Road, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Ronald S Vladyka
- Catalent Pharma Solutions, 14 School House Road, Somerset, NJ 08873, USA
| | - Sandeep Sarabu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Dong Wuk Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, MS 38677, United States; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA.
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Kallakunta VR, Tiwari R, Sarabu S, Bandari S, Repka MA. Effect of formulation and process variables on lipid based sustained release tablets via continuous twin screw granulation: A comparative study. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:126-138. [PMID: 29772273 PMCID: PMC6235737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The current study's aim is to prepare lipid based sustained release tablets via a twin-screw granulation technique and compare those dosage forms with conventional techniques, namely wet granulation and direct compression. The granules were successfully manufactured in a single-step, continuous twin-screw granulation process with a low proportion of binder (Klucel™ EF, HPC SSL) using Compritol® 888 ATO, Precirol® ATO 5 and Geleol™ as sustained release agents. The granules prepared showed good flow characteristics and compaction properties. DSC and XRD studies were conducted to characterize the granules prepared via a twin-screw granulation method and the results demonstrated the crystalline nature of lipids within the granules. FTIR data indicated that there were no interactions with the formulation components investigated. The formulations developed by all three methods were compressed into tablets with a mechanical strength of 14-16 KP. The tablets formulated were characterized for physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release studies, water uptake and erosion studies. These results showed that the drug was not completely released after 24 h for tablets developed by the wet granulation process using all three lipids. The tablets prepared by the direct compression method demonstrated a burst release within 8 to 10 h from Precirol ATO 5® and Geleol™ formulations compared to Compritol® 888 ATO. However, tablets prepared using twin-screw granulation exhibited sustained release of the drug over 24 h and the water uptake and erosion results were in accordance with dissolution data. Stability data for 45 days at accelerated conditions (40 °C/75% RH) showed similar release profiles with ƒ2 values above 50 for all of the twin screw granulation formulations, indicating the suitability of the process for formulating sustained release tablets. These findings of a single-step, continuous twin-screw granulation process are novel and demonstrate new opportunities for development of sustained release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkata Raman Kallakunta
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Roshan Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Sandeep Sarabu
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Suresh Bandari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
| | - Michael A Repka
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA; Pii Center for Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Wheless JW, Phelps SJ. A Clinician's Guide to Oral Extended-Release Drug Delivery Systems in Epilepsy. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2018; 23:277-292. [PMID: 30181718 DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-23.4.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurologic disorders that affects individuals of all ages. It is primarily managed with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), with the goal of maintaining complete seizure control combined with minimal or no adverse effects. Oral administration is the mainstay of AED delivery for patients with chronic epilepsy and consists essentially of immediate-release (IR) and modified-release (delayed-release and extended-release [ER]) dosage formulations. Extended-release formulations (hydrophilic or hydrophobic matrix systems, reservoir systems, and osmotic-release systems) release a drug in a controlled manner during an extended period of time following administration. Extended-release formulations have many advantages compared with IR formulations, including simplification of dosing regimens, reduction in pill burden, and reduction in the peak-to-trough fluctuations in serum drug concentration that may be associated with a decreased risk of adverse effects and of seizures. These advantages have the potential to increase adherence to antiepileptic therapy, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce health care costs. This article, which is intended as a practical guide for clinicians, reviews the properties of the different ER AED formulations currently available and discusses the advantages of ER over IR formulations. Subsequently, an explanation of the technologic basis of the different oral ER formulations, the critical attributes that differentiate ER products, and their individual strengths and weaknesses is provided. Specific recommendations to practitioners on treating patients with ER formulations are included.
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Cherian S, Lee BS, Tucker RM, Lee K, Smutzer G. Toward Improving Medication Adherence: The Suppression of Bitter Taste in Edible Taste Films. Adv Pharmacol Sci 2018; 2018:8043837. [PMID: 30046304 PMCID: PMC6036852 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8043837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bitter taste is aversive to humans, and many oral medications exhibit a bitter taste. Bitter taste can be suppressed by the use of inhibitors or by masking agents such as sucralose. Another approach is to encapsulate bitter tasting compounds in order to delay their release. This delayed release can permit the prior release of bitter masking agents. Suppression of bitter taste was accomplished by encapsulating a bitter taste stimulus in erodible stearic acid microspheres, and embedding these 5 µmeter diameter microspheres in pullulan films that contain sucralose and peppermint oil as masking agents, along with an encapsulated masking agent (sucralose). Psychophysical tests demonstrated that films which encapsulated both quinine and sucralose produced a significant and continuous sweet percept when compared to films without sucralose microspheres. Films with both quinine and sucralose microspheres also produced positive hedonic scores that did not differ from control films that contained only sucralose microspheres or only empty (blank) microspheres. The encapsulation of bitter taste stimuli in lipid microspheres, and embedding these microspheres in rapidly dissolving edible taste films that contain masking agents in both the film base and in microspheres, is a promising approach for diminishing the bitter taste of drugs and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvy Cherian
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Brian Sang Lee
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Robin M. Tucker
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kevin Lee
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Gregory Smutzer
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 N. 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Formulation of Carbopol ®/Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s Mucoadhesive Tablets for Buccal Delivery of Hydrocortisone. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10020175. [PMID: 30966211 PMCID: PMC6415335 DOI: 10.3390/polym10020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) has become an excellent alternative to the use of poly(ethylene glycol) in pharmaceutical formulations due to its valuable physicochemical and biological properties. This work presents a formulation of poorly-water soluble drug, hydrocortisone, using interpolymer complexes and physical blends of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s and two Carbopols® (Carbopol 974 and Carbopol 971) for oromucosal administration. The swelling, hydrocortisone release and mucoadhesive properties of a series of tablet formulations obtained by combination of different Carbopols with poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s of different molecular weights have been evaluated in vitro.
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Hsein H, Garrait G, Tamani F, Beyssac E, Hoffart V. Denatured Whey Protein Powder as a New Matrix Excipient: Design and Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Tablets for Sustained Drug Release Applications. Pharm Res 2016; 34:365-377. [PMID: 28004316 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2067-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In earlier study, we proposed denatured whey protein (DWP) powder obtained by atomization as a new excipient to promote oral drug delivery. In this work, we evaluate the possibility to formulate tablets based on DWP powders and to characterize their role as a matrix mucoadhesive excipient. METHODS Tablets containing increased amount of DWP (10 to 30%) were produced by direct compression after mixing with theophylline, microcrystalline cellulose, Aerosil® and magnesium stearate. Dissolution behaviors of obtained tablets were evaluated in different USP buffers (pH 1.2, 4.5 and 6.8) and in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids and mechanisms analyzed by multiple mathematical models. Swelling, erosion and mucoadhesion were also evaluated. Finally, release and absorption were studied in the artificial digestive system (TIM 1). RESULTS Tablets based on DWP and containing 300 mg of theophylline were obtained by direct compression. These tablets exhibited controlled release driven by diffusion starting from 15% DWP content whatever the pH studied. They also showed a great extent of swelling and water uptake while matrix weight loss was limited. Addition of enzymes accelerated drug release which became governed by erosion according to Peppas model. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that DWP powders can be successfully used as a pharmaceutical excipient, and in particular as a matrix mucoadhesive controlled release tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassana Hsein
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Pharmacie, EA4678, Laboratoire de Biopharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Ghislain Garrait
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Pharmacie, EA4678, Laboratoire de Biopharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Fahima Tamani
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Pharmacie, EA4678, Laboratoire de Biopharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
| | - Eric Beyssac
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Pharmacie, EA4678, Laboratoire de Biopharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France.
| | - Valérie Hoffart
- Univ Clermont 1, UFR Pharmacie, EA4678, Laboratoire de Biopharmacie, Clermont-Ferrand, F-63001, France
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Johnson EL, Chang YT, Davit B, Gidal BE, Krauss GL. Assessing bioequivalence of generic modified-release antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 2016; 86:1597-604. [PMID: 27016518 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine how closely generic modified-release antiepileptic drugs (MR-AEDs) resemble reference (brand) formulations by comparing peak concentrations (Cmax), total absorption (area under the curve [AUC]), time to Cmax (Tmax), intersubject variability, and food effects between generic and reference products. METHODS We tabulated Cmax and AUC data from the bioequivalence (BE) studies used to support the approvals of generic Food and Drug Administration-approved MR-AEDs. We compared differences in 90% confidence intervals of the generic/reference AUC and Cmax geometric mean ratios, and intersubject variability, Tmax and delivery profiles and food effects. RESULTS Forty-two MR-AED formulations were studied in 3,175 healthy participants without epilepsy in 97 BE studies. BE ratios for AUC and Cmax were similar between most generic and reference products: AUC ratios varied by >15% in 11.4% of BE studies; Cmax varied by >15% in 25.8% of studies. Tmax was more variable, with >30% difference in 13 studies (usually delayed in the fed compared to fasting BE studies). Generic and reference MR products had similar intersubject variability. Immediate-release AEDs showed less intersubject variability in AUC than did MR-AEDs. CONCLUSIONS Most generic and reference MR-AEDs have similar AUC and Cmax values. Ratios for some products, however, are near acceptance limits and Tmax values may vary. Food effects are common with MR-AED products. High variability in pharmacokinetic values for once-a-day MR-AEDs suggests their major advantage compared to immediate-release AED formulations may be the convenience of less frequent dosing to improve adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Johnson
- From the Department of Neurology (E.L.J., G.L.K.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johnson & Johnson (Y.-T.C.), New Brunswick; Merck & Co., Inc. (B.D.), Kenilworth, NJ; and University of Wisconsin (B.E.G.), School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI.
| | - Yi-Ting Chang
- From the Department of Neurology (E.L.J., G.L.K.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johnson & Johnson (Y.-T.C.), New Brunswick; Merck & Co., Inc. (B.D.), Kenilworth, NJ; and University of Wisconsin (B.E.G.), School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI
| | - Barbara Davit
- From the Department of Neurology (E.L.J., G.L.K.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johnson & Johnson (Y.-T.C.), New Brunswick; Merck & Co., Inc. (B.D.), Kenilworth, NJ; and University of Wisconsin (B.E.G.), School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI
| | - Barry E Gidal
- From the Department of Neurology (E.L.J., G.L.K.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johnson & Johnson (Y.-T.C.), New Brunswick; Merck & Co., Inc. (B.D.), Kenilworth, NJ; and University of Wisconsin (B.E.G.), School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI
| | - Gregory L Krauss
- From the Department of Neurology (E.L.J., G.L.K.), The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Johnson & Johnson (Y.-T.C.), New Brunswick; Merck & Co., Inc. (B.D.), Kenilworth, NJ; and University of Wisconsin (B.E.G.), School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI
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Good DJ, Hartley R, Mathias N, Crison J, Tirucherai G, Timmins P, Hussain M, Haddadin R, Koo O, Nikfar F, Fung NKE. Mitigation of Adverse Clinical Events of a Narrow Target Therapeutic Index Compound through Modified Release Formulation Design: An in Vitro, in Vivo, in Silico, and Clinical Pharmacokinetic Analysis. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:4434-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Good
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Ruiling Hartley
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Neil Mathias
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - John Crison
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Giridhar Tirucherai
- Exploratory
Clinical and Translational Research, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Peter Timmins
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Moreton, U.K
| | - Munir Hussain
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Raja Haddadin
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Otilia Koo
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Faranak Nikfar
- Drug
Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Nga Kit Eliza Fung
- Bioanalytical
Sciences, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
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Shojaee S, Asare-Addo K, Kaialy W, Nokhodchi A, Cumming I. An investigation into the stabilization of diltiazem HCl release from matrices made from aged polyox powders. AAPS PharmSciTech 2013; 14:1190-8. [PMID: 23900884 PMCID: PMC3755153 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-013-0013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrices containing PEO fail to provide stable drug release profiles when stored at elevated temperatures for a period of time. The present study aims to stabilize diltiazem HCl release from matrices made from various molecular weights of polyox powders. To this end, various molecular weights of polyox with and without vitamin E (0.25, 0.5 and 1% w/w) were stored at 40°C for 0, 2, 4 and 8 weeks. The aged polyox powders were then mixed with the model drug at a ratio of 1:1 and compressed into tablets. At different time intervals, the aged polyox with vitamin E were taken out of oven and mixed with the drug (1:1 ratio) and compressed into tablets. Dissolution studies showed a significant increase in diltiazem HCl release rate to occur with increased storage time at 40°C ± 1 from tablets made from the aged polyox (no vitamin E). This was as a result of depolymerization of the aged polyox powders as compared to the fresh polyox samples. This was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) which showed a reduction in the melting point of the aged samples. Concentrations of vitamin E as low as 0.25% w/w was able to overcome the quick release of drug from the matrices made from aged polyox powders. DSC traces showed that the melting point of aged polyox samples containing vitamin E remained the same as that of the fresh samples. The presence of vitamin E is essential to stabilize the drug release from polyox matrices containing diltiazem HCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shojaee
- />Chemistry and Drug Delivery Group, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK
| | - Kofi Asare-Addo
- />School of Applied Science, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Waseem Kaialy
- />Chemistry and Drug Delivery Group, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK
- />Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- />Chemistry and Drug Delivery Group, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK
| | - Iain Cumming
- />Chemistry and Drug Delivery Group, Medway School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Kent, UK
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