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Miyake Y, Kusaka S, Murata I, Toyoda M. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry Imaging of L-4-Phenylalanineboronic Acid (BPA) in a Brain Tumor Model Rat for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2022; 11:A0105. [PMID: 36713803 PMCID: PMC9853116 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a cell-selective particle therapy for cancer using boron containing drugs. Boron compounds are accumulated in high concentration of tens ppm level of boron in target tumors to cause lethal damage to tumor tissue. The examination of boron distribution in target tumor and normal tissue is important to evaluate the efficiency of therapy. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a powerful tool to visualize the distribution of target analyte in biological samples. In this manuscript, we report a trial to visualize the distribution of a typical BNCT drug, L-4-phenylalanine boronic acid (BPA) in a brain tumor model rat using MALDI-MSI technique. We performed a MALDI-MSI with high mass resolution targeting to [BPA+H]+ at m/z 210 in a BPA-treated rat brain section using a spiral orbit-type time of flight (SpiralTOF) mass spectrometer. Several BPA ion species, [BPA+H]+, [BPA-H2O+Na]+, [BPA+DHB-2H2O+Na]+ and [BPA+DHB-2H2O+K]+ were detected separate from peaks originated from biomolecules or matrix reagent by achieving the mass resolving power of approximately 20,000 (full width at half maximum; FWHM) at m/z 210. The mass images with 60 μm spatial resolution obtained from these BPA ion species in a mass window of 0.02 Da revealed their localization in the tumor region. Additionally, the mass image obtained from [BPA+H]+ also likely showed the distribution of BPA inside the tumor. MALDI-MSI with high mass resolution targeting to [BPA+H]+ has a great potential to visualize the distribution of BPA in brain tissue with tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Miyake
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1–1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560–0043, Japan,Correspondence to: Yumi Miyake, Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1–1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560–0043, Japan, e-mail:
| | - Sachie Kusaka
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, aoka 2–1, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Isao Murata
- Division of Sustainable Energy and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, aoka 2–1, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Michisato Toyoda
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1–1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560–0043, Japan,MS open innovation project in JEOL YOKOGUSHI Research Alliance Laboratories, Osaka University, 1–1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560–0043, Japan
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Dienel GA. Stop the rot. Enzyme inactivation at brain harvest prevents artifacts: A guide for preservation of the in vivo concentrations of brain constituents. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1007-1031. [PMID: 33636013 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Post-mortem metabolism is widely recognized to cause rapid and prolonged changes in the concentrations of multiple classes of compounds in brain, that is, they are labile. Post-mortem changes from levels in living brain include components of pathways of metabolism of glucose and energy compounds, amino acids, lipids, signaling molecules, neuropeptides, phosphoproteins, and proteins. Methods that stop enzyme activity at brain harvest were developed almost 50 years ago and have been extensively used in studies of brain functions and diseases. Unfortunately, these methods are not commonly used to harvest brain tissue for mass spectrometry-based metabolomic studies or for imaging mass spectrometry studies (IMS, also called mass spectrometry imaging, MSI, or matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-MSI, MALDI-MSI). Instead these studies commonly kill animals, decapitate, dissect out brain and regions of interest if needed, then 'snap' freeze the tissue to stop enzymatic activity after harvest, with post-mortem intervals typically ranging from ~0.5 to 3 min. To increase awareness of the importance of stopping metabolism at harvest and preventing the unnecessary complications of not doing so, this commentary provides examples of labile metabolites and the magnitudes of their post-mortem changes in concentrations during brain harvest. Brain harvest methods that stop metabolism at harvest eliminate post-mortem enzymatic activities and can improve characterization of normal and diseased brain. In addition, metabolomic studies would be improved by reporting absolute units of concentration along with normalized peak areas or fold changes. Then reported values can be evaluated and compared with the extensive neurochemical literature to help prevent reporting of artifactual data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald A Dienel
- Department of Neurology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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3
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Zhou Q, Fülöp A, Hopf C. Recent developments of novel matrices and on-tissue chemical derivatization reagents for MALDI-MSI. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:2599-2617. [PMID: 33215311 PMCID: PMC8007514 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03023-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) is a fast-growing technique for visualization of the spatial distribution of the small molecular and macromolecular biomolecules in tissue sections. Challenges in MALDI-MSI, such as poor sensitivity for some classes of molecules or limited specificity, for instance resulting from the presence of isobaric molecules or limited resolving power of the instrument, have encouraged the MSI scientific community to improve MALDI-MSI sample preparation workflows with innovations in chemistry. Recent developments of novel small organic MALDI matrices play a part in the improvement of image quality and the expansion of the application areas of MALDI-MSI. This includes rationally designed/synthesized as well as commercially available small organic molecules whose superior matrix properties in comparison with common matrices have only recently been discovered. Furthermore, on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD) processes get more focused attention, because of their advantages for localization of poorly ionizable metabolites and their‚ in several cases‚ more specific imaging of metabolites in tissue sections. This review will provide an overview about the latest developments of novel small organic matrices and on-tissue chemical derivatization reagents for MALDI-MSI. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuqin Zhou
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annabelle Fülöp
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Str. 10, 68163, Mannheim, Germany.
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4
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Sugiyama E, Sugiura Y. [Monoamine Mapping Using Mass Spectrometry Identified New Monoamine-rich Brain Nuclei]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2020; 140:979-983. [PMID: 32741871 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00012-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine neurotransmitters are released by specialized neurons that regulate behavioral and cognitive functions. Although localization of monoaminergic neurons in the brain is well known, the distribution, concentration, and kinetics of monoamines remain unclear. We used mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) for simultaneous and quantitative imaging of endogenous monoamines to generate a murine brain atlas of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) levels. We observed several nuclei rich in both 5-HT and a catecholamine (DA or NE). Additionally, we analyzed de novo monoamine synthesis or fluctuations in those nuclei. We propose that MSI is a useful tool to gain deeper understanding of associations among the localization, levels, and turnover of monoamines in different brain areas and their role in inducing behavioral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Sugiyama
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine
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5
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Lun XK, Bodenmiller B. Profiling Cell Signaling Networks at Single-cell Resolution. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:744-756. [PMID: 32132232 PMCID: PMC7196580 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.r119.001790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling networks process intra- and extracellular information to modulate the functions of a cell. Deregulation of signaling networks results in abnormal cellular physiological states and often drives diseases. Network responses to a stimulus or a drug treatment can be highly heterogeneous across cells in a tissue because of many sources of cellular genetic and non-genetic variance. Signaling network heterogeneity is the key to many biological processes, such as cell differentiation and drug resistance. Only recently, the emergence of multiplexed single-cell measurement technologies has made it possible to evaluate this heterogeneity. In this review, we categorize currently established single-cell signaling network profiling approaches by their methodology, coverage, and application, and we discuss the advantages and limitations of each type of technology. We also describe the available computational tools for network characterization using single-cell data and discuss potential confounding factors that need to be considered in single-cell signaling network analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Kang Lun
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; Molecular Life Sciences PhD Program, Life Science Zürich Graduate School, ETH Zürich and University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Bodenmiller
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
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6
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Sugiyama E, Skelly AN, Suematsu M, Sugiura Y. In situ imaging of monoamine localization and dynamics. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 208:107478. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Kofuji S, Hirayama A, Eberhardt AO, Kawaguchi R, Sugiura Y, Sampetrean O, Ikeda Y, Warren M, Sakamoto N, Kitahara S, Yoshino H, Yamashita D, Sumita K, Wolfe K, Lange L, Ikeda S, Shimada H, Minami N, Malhotra A, Morioka S, Ban Y, Asano M, Flanary VL, Ramkissoon A, Chow LML, Kiyokawa J, Mashimo T, Lucey G, Mareninov S, Ozawa T, Onishi N, Okumura K, Terakawa J, Daikoku T, Wise-Draper T, Majd N, Kofuji K, Sasaki M, Mori M, Kanemura Y, Smith EP, Anastasiou D, Wakimoto H, Holland EC, Yong WH, Horbinski C, Nakano I, DeBerardinis RJ, Bachoo RM, Mischel PS, Yasui W, Suematsu M, Saya H, Soga T, Grummt I, Bierhoff H, Sasaki AT. IMP dehydrogenase-2 drives aberrant nucleolar activity and promotes tumorigenesis in glioblastoma. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:1003-1014. [PMID: 31371825 PMCID: PMC6686884 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0363-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In many cancers, high proliferation rates correlate with elevation of rRNA and tRNA levels, and nucleolar hypertrophy. However, the underlying mechanisms linking increased nucleolar transcription and tumorigenesis are only minimally understood. Here we show that IMP dehydrogenase-2 (IMPDH2), the rate-limiting enzyme for de novo guanine nucleotide biosynthesis, is overexpressed in the highly lethal brain cancer glioblastoma. This leads to increased rRNA and tRNA synthesis, stabilization of the nucleolar GTP-binding protein nucleostemin, and enlarged, malformed nucleoli. Pharmacological or genetic inactivation of IMPDH2 in glioblastoma reverses these effects and inhibits cell proliferation, whereas untransformed glia cells are unaffected by similar IMPDH2 perturbations. Impairment of IMPDH2 activity triggers nucleolar stress and growth arrest of glioblastoma cells even in the absence of functional p53. Our results reveal that upregulation of IMPDH2 is a prerequisite for the occurance of aberrant nucleolar function and increased anabolic processes in glioblastoma, which constitutes a primary event in gliomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Kofuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hirayama
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Alexander Otto Eberhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Risa Kawaguchi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Oltea Sampetrean
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ikeda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mikako Warren
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuji Kitahara
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Daisuke Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kazutaka Sumita
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kara Wolfe
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lisa Lange
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Satsuki Ikeda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Shimada
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Noriaki Minami
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akshiv Malhotra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Shin Morioka
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Ban
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Maya Asano
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Victoria L Flanary
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Annmarie Ramkissoon
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lionel M L Chow
- Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Juri Kiyokawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tomoyuki Mashimo
- Department of Internal Medicine; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center; Annette G. Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Greg Lucey
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sergey Mareninov
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tatsuya Ozawa
- Division of Human Biology, Solid Tumor and Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Onishi
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Okumura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jumpei Terakawa
- Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Trisha Wise-Draper
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Nazanin Majd
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kaori Kofuji
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mika Sasaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Masaru Mori
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
| | - Yonehiro Kanemura
- Department of Biomedical Research and Innovation, Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eric P Smith
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Hiroaki Wakimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric C Holland
- Division of Human Biology, Solid Tumor and Translational Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - William H Yong
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Departments of Pathology and Neurosurgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ichiro Nakano
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Children's Medical Center Research Institute; Department of Pediatrics and Eugene McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robert M Bachoo
- Department of Internal Medicine; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center; Annette G. Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Paul S Mischel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research; Department of Pathology; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wataru Yasui
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Saya
- Division of Gene Regulation, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Soga
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ingrid Grummt
- Division of Molecular Biology of the Cell II, German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Holger Bierhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Atsuo T Sasaki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Japan.
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Tumor Center at UC Gardner Neuroscience Institute, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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8
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Sato K, Saigusa D, Saito R, Fujioka A, Nakagawa Y, Nishiguchi KM, Kokubun T, Motoike IN, Maruyama K, Omodaka K, Shiga Y, Uruno A, Koshiba S, Yamamoto M, Nakazawa T. Metabolomic changes in the mouse retina after optic nerve injury. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11930. [PMID: 30093719 PMCID: PMC6085332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In glaucoma, although axonal injury drives retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, little is known about the underlying pathomechanisms. To provide new mechanistic insights and identify new biomarkers, we combined latest non-targeting metabolomics analyses to profile altered metabolites in the mouse whole retina 2, 4, and 7 days after optic nerve crush (NC). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography Fourier transform mass spectrometry covering wide spectrum of metabolites in combination highlighted 30 metabolites that changed its concentration after NC. The analysis displayed similar changes for purine nucleotide and glutathione as reported previously in another animal model of axonal injury and detected multiple metabolites that increased after the injury. After studying the specificity of the identified metabolites to RGCs in histological sections using imaging mass spectrometry, two metabolites, i.e., L-acetylcarnitine and phosphatidylcholine were increased not only preceding the peak of RGC death in the whole retina but also at the RGC layer (2.3-fold and 1.2-fold, respectively). These phospholipids propose novel mechanisms of RGC death and may serve as early biomarkers of axonal injury. The combinatory metabolomics analyses promise to illuminate pathomechanisms, reveal biomarkers, and allow the discovery of new therapeutic targets of glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kota Sato
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmic imaging and information analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,LEAP, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ritsumi Saito
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Amane Fujioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yurika Nakagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koji M Nishiguchi
- Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Taiki Kokubun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikuko N Motoike
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Systems Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuichi Maruyama
- Department of Innovative Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuko Omodaka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmic imaging and information analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Shiga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akira Uruno
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Seizo Koshiba
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Ophthalmic imaging and information analytics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Advanced Ophthalmic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Retinal Disease Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
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9
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Takata N, Sugiura Y, Yoshida K, Koizumi M, Hiroshi N, Honda K, Yano R, Komaki Y, Matsui K, Suematsu M, Mimura M, Okano H, Tanaka KF. Optogenetic astrocyte activation evokes BOLD fMRI response with oxygen consumption without neuronal activity modulation. Glia 2018; 66:2013-2023. [PMID: 29845643 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) based on the blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) signal has been used to infer sites of neuronal activation in the brain. A recent study demonstrated, however, unexpected BOLD signal generation without neuronal excitation, which led us to hypothesize the presence of another cellular source for BOLD signal generation. Collective assessment of optogenetic activation of astrocytes or neurons, fMRI in awake mice, electrophysiological measurements, and histochemical detection of neuronal activation, coherently suggested astrocytes as another cellular source. Unexpectedly, astrocyte-evoked BOLD signal accompanied oxygen consumption without modulation of neuronal activity. Imaging mass spectrometry of brain sections identified synthesis of acetyl-carnitine via oxidative glucose metabolism at the site of astrocyte-, but not neuron-evoked BOLD signal. Our data provide causal evidence that astrocytic activation alone is able to evoke BOLD signal response, which may lead to reconsideration of current interpretation of BOLD signal as a marker of neuronal activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norio Takata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Yuki Sugiura
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Keitaro Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Miwako Koizumi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Nishida Hiroshi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kurara Honda
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Yano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuji Komaki
- Central Institute for Experimental Animals (CIEA), 3-25-12, Tonomachi, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
| | - Ko Matsui
- Super-network Brain Physiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okano
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.,Laboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kenji F Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
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Yasunaga M, Manabe S, Furuta M, Ogata K, Koga Y, Takashima H, Nishida T, Matsumura Y. Mass spectrometry imaging for early discovery and development of cancer drugs. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2018.2.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Imaging mass spectrometry analysis of ubiquinol localization in the mouse brain following short-term administration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12990. [PMID: 29021617 PMCID: PMC5636788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the localization of ubiquinol, the reduced form of coenzyme Q10 (Re-CoQ10), in mouse brain sections using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) to evaluate the effect of dietary Re-CoQ10 in mouse brain. Mice were orally administered Re-CoQ10 for 14 days and brain Re-CoQ10 content was subsequently quantified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. IMS was employed to visualize Re-CoQ10 at a resolution of 150 μm in the mouse brain. Increased Re-CoQ10 was observed in the corpus callosum, hippocampus, midbrain, cerebellum, brain stem, substantia nigra and striatum. These regions are related to movement, memory and vital life functions. Thus, we demonstrated the effect of Re-CoQ10 administration on the specific localization of Re-CoQ10 in the brain.
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Yasunaga M, Manabe S, Tsuji A, Furuta M, Ogata K, Koga Y, Saga T, Matsumura Y. Development of Antibody-Drug Conjugates Using DDS and Molecular Imaging. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:bioengineering4030078. [PMID: 28952557 PMCID: PMC5615324 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4030078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), as a next generation of antibody therapeutics, is a combination of an antibody and a drug connected via a specialized linker. ADC has four action steps: systemic circulation, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, penetration within the tumor tissue, and action on cells, such as through drug delivery system (DDS) drugs. An antibody with a size of about 10 nm has the same capacity for passive targeting as some DDS carriers, depending on the EPR effect. In addition, some antibodies are capable of active targeting. A linker is stable in the bloodstream but should release drugs efficiently in the tumor cells or their microenvironment. Thus, the linker technology is actually a typical controlled release technology in DDS. Here, we focused on molecular imaging. Fluorescent and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging is useful for the visualization and evaluation of antibody delivery in terms of passive and active targeting in the systemic circulation and in tumors. To evaluate the controlled release of the ADC in the targeted area, a mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) with a mass microscope, to visualize the drug released from ADC, was used. As a result, we succeeded in confirming the significant anti-tumor activity of anti-fibrin, or anti-tissue factor-ADC, in preclinical settings by using DDS and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Yasunaga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Shino Manabe
- Synthetic Cellular Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Tsuji
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, QST, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; .
| | | | | | - Yoshikatsu Koga
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan.
| | - Tsuneo Saga
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kyoto University Hospital; Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Matsumura
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, EPOC, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan.
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