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Jung DJS, Kim DH, Beak SH, Cho IG, Hong SJ, Lee J, Lee JO, Kim HJ, Malekkhahi M, Baik M. Effects of vitamin E and selenium administration on transportation stress in pregnant dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:9576-9586. [PMID: 37678766 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of road transportation and administration of the vitamin E and selenium (ESe) on circulating cortisol, haptoglobin, blood metabolites, oxidative biomarkers, white blood cell profiles, and behaviors in pregnant dairy heifers. Forty pregnant Holstein heifers were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments: no transportation and no ESe administration, no transportation and ESe administration, transportation and no administration, and transportation and ESe administration. The ESe (70 IU/kg dry matter feed of dl-α-tocopheryl acetate and 0.3 mg/kg dry matter feed of sodium selenite) was orally delivered once a day from 7 d before transportation to 3 d after transportation. The heifers were transported in trucks designed for cattle transportation. Blood was collected 1 h before transportation, immediately after transportation (IAT), and at 6, 24, and 48 h after transportation. Behaviors were recorded using a video camera for 2 consecutive days after transportation. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had greater cortisol at IAT, haptoglobin at 6 and 24 h after transportation, total oxidative status at 6 h after transportation, and nonesterified fatty acid levels, white blood cell numbers, and neutrophil percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation in the blood than nontransported heifers. Transported/non-ESe-administered heifers had lower total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation and lymphocyte percentages at IAT and 6 h after transportation than nontransported heifers. Lying time was shorter in transported heifers than nontransported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had lower cortisol, total oxidative status, nonesterified fatty acid levels at IAT, and haptoglobin concentrations at 6 and 24 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. Transported/ESe-administered heifers had greater total antioxidative status levels at 48 h after transportation than transported/non-ESe-administered heifers. No ESe administration effects were observed for white blood cell number and neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages and lying time. In conclusion, road transportation caused temporary oxidative stress. Administrating ESe partially alleviated the stress, suggesting that ESe administration could be a viable strategy to reduce stress in transported pregnant heifers, providing a novel role of vitamin E and selenium for improving animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J S Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S H Beak
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - I G Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - S J Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - J O Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - M Malekkhahi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - M Baik
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institutes of Green Bio Science Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang-gun, Gangwon 25354, Republic of Korea.
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Khan MZ, Ma Y, Xiao J, Chen T, Ma J, Liu S, Wang Y, Khan A, Alugongo GM, Cao Z. Role of Selenium and Vitamins E and B9 in the Alleviation of Bovine Mastitis during the Periparturient Period. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040657. [PMID: 35453342 PMCID: PMC9032172 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland) commonly occurs in dairy cattle during the periparturient period (transition period), in which dairy cattle experience physiological and hormonal changes and severe negative energy balance, followed by oxidative stress. To maintain successful lactation and combat negative energy balance (NEB), excessive fat mobilization occurs, leading to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive fat mobilization also increases the concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) during the periparturient period. In addition, the excessive utilization of oxygen by cellular respiration in the mammary causes abnormal production of oxidative stress (OS). OS impairs the immunity and anti-inflammatory efficiency of periparturient dairy cattle, increasing their susceptibility to mastitis. To alleviate oxidative stress and subsequent mastitis, antioxidants are supplemented to dairy cattle from an external source. Extensive studies have been conducted on the supplementation of selenium (Se) and vitamins E and B9 to mitigate mastitis during the transition period in dairy cattle. Altogether, in the current review, we discuss the research development on bovine mastitis and its major causes, with special emphasis on oxidative stress during the transition period. Moreover, we discuss the antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of Se and vitamins E and B9 and their role in the control of bovine mastitis in periparturient dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Pakistan
| | - Yulin Ma
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Jiaying Ma
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Shuai Liu
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Yajing Wang
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China;
| | - Gibson Maswayi Alugongo
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Zhijun Cao
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6273-3746
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The Antioxidant Properties of Selenium and Vitamin E; Their Role in Periparturient Dairy Cattle Health Regulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101555. [PMID: 34679690 PMCID: PMC8532922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience health risks during the periparturient period. The continuous overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the transition from late gestation to peak lactation leads to the development of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is usually considered the main contributor to several diseases such as retained placenta, fatty liver, ketosis, mastitis and metritis in periparturient dairy cattle. The oxidative stress is generally balanced by the naturally available antioxidant system in the body of dairy cattle. However, in some special conditions, such as the peripariparturient period, the natural antioxidant system of a body is not able to balance the ROS production. To cope with this situation, the antioxidants are supplied to the dairy cattle from external sources. Natural antioxidants such as selenium and vitamin E have been found to restore normal health by minimizing the harmful effects of excessive ROS production. The deficiencies of Se and vitamin E have been reported to be associated with various diseases in periparturient dairy cattle. Thus in the current review, we highlight the new insights into the Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in the health regulation of periparturient dairy cattle.
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Singh AK, Bhakat C, Kumari T, Mandal DK, Chatterjee A, Karunakaran M, Dutta TK. Influence of pre and postpartum alpha-tocopherol supplementation on milk yield, milk quality, and udder health of Jersey crossbred cows at tropical lower Gangetic region. Vet World 2020; 13:2006-2011. [PMID: 33132618 PMCID: PMC7566249 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2006-2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Alpha-tocopherol supplementation influences milk yield, milk quality, and udder health of dairy cows, which needs to be investigated for Jersey crossbred cows at hot-humid climate. Therefore, the present study was framed with an objective to study the effect of pre and postpartum Alpha-tocopherol supplementation on milk yield, milk quality, and udder health status of Jersey crossbred cows at tropical climate. Materials and Methods: For this study, 19 similar parity, body condition score, and production level dairy animals were separated randomly into three groups, namely, Control, T1 and T2. Control group (no supplementation) was compared with two treatment groups, namely, T1 and T2. Supplementation of Alpha-tocopherol was done in concentrate fed to the animals (at 1 g/cow/day) 30 days prepartum to 30 days postpartum in T1 and 30 days prepartum to 60 days postpartum in T2 groups. Observations were taken for different parameters up to 5 months of lactation. Results: Statistically analyzed data revealed that overall significantly (p<0.01) more milk production was found in T2, followed by T1 than the control group. Overall significantly (p<0.01) lower somatic cell counts and modified California mastitis tests were recorded in T2, followed by T1 than the control group. Overall significantly (p<0.01), better milk quality in terms of methylene blue reduction test was found in T2, followed by T1 than control groups. Differences in the milk composition of all three groups were non-significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Supplementation of Alpha-tocopherol during prepartum to initial lactation period may enhance milk yield, milk quality, and udder health status of Jersey crossbred cows at the tropical lower Gangetic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Champak Bhakat
- Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Tripti Kumari
- Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Mandal
- Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Anupam Chatterjee
- Animal Nutrition Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Muthupalani Karunakaran
- Animal Reproduction Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Dutta
- Animal Nutrition Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
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Khatti A, Mehrotra S, Patel PK, Singh G, Maurya VP, Mahla AS, Chaudhari RK, Das GK, Singh M, Sarkar M, Kumar H, Krishnaswamy N. Supplementation of vitamin E, selenium and increased energy allowance mitigates the transition stress and improves postpartum reproductive performance in the crossbred cow. Theriogenology 2017; 104:142-148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Chandra G, Aggarwal A, Kumar M, Singh AK, Sharma VK, Upadhyay RC. Effect of additional vitamin E and zinc supplementation on immunological changes in peripartum Sahiwal cows. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2014; 98:1166-75. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Chandra
- Dairy Cattle Physiology Division; National Dairy Research Institute Karnal; Haryana India
| | - A. Aggarwal
- Dairy Cattle Physiology Division; National Dairy Research Institute Karnal; Haryana India
| | - M. Kumar
- Department of Animal Nutrition; DUVASU Mathura; Uttar Pradesh India
| | - A. K. Singh
- Dairy Cattle Physiology Division; National Dairy Research Institute Karnal; Haryana India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division; National Dairy Research Institute Karnal; Haryana India
| | - R. C. Upadhyay
- Dairy Cattle Physiology Division; National Dairy Research Institute Karnal; Haryana India
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