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Biswal J, Sen N, Joseph A, Sharma VK, Singh KK, Shenoy KT, Pant HJ. A microfluidic route for synthesis of scandium oxide microspheres, their characterization and neutron activation. Appl Radiat Isot 2024; 207:111245. [PMID: 38430827 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2024.111245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Radioactive scandium-46 microspheres have applications in mapping flow in a chemical reactor through a technique known as radioactive particle tracking (RPT). In the present study a novel microfluidic method has been developed for synthesis of controlled size scandium oxide microspheres. An inline/in-situ mixing of the scandium precursor and gelling agents was implemented which makes the microfluidic platform amenable for truly continuous operation. Microspheres of size varying from 937 to 666 μm were produced by varying O/A ratio from 10 to 30. Perfectly spherical and monodispersed (PDI <10 %) microspheres were obtained at O/A 15 and beyond. The morphology, elemental composition, and structure of the microspheres were analysed by SEM, EDS and XRD, respectively. Subsequently the microspheres were irradiated with thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor to obtain radioactive Sc-46 oxide microspheres. The activity produced on each Sc-46 microspheres with different sizes was in the range 19.5-34.0 MBq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Biswal
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Nirvik Sen
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Annie Joseph
- Process Development Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - K K Singh
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - K T Shenoy
- Chemical Engineering Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - H J Pant
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
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2
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, García Sakai V, Mitra S. Nature of Subdiffusion Crossover in Molecular and Polymeric Glassformers. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:058202. [PMID: 38364148 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.058202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
A crossover from a non-Gaussian to Gaussian subdiffusion has been observed ubiquitously in various polymeric and molecular glassformers. We have developed a framework that generalizes the fractional Brownian motion model to incorporate non-Gaussian features by introducing a jump kernel. We illustrate that the non-Gaussian fractional Brownian motion model accurately characterizes the subdiffusion crossover. From the solutions of the non-Gaussian fractional Brownian motion model, we gain insights into the nature of van Hove self-correlation in non-Gaussian subdiffusive regime, which is found to exhibit exponential tails, providing first such experimental evidence in molecular glassformers. The validity of the model is supported by comparison with incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering data obtained from several molecular and polymeric glassformers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V García Sakai
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Centre, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Bhutia KL, Ahmad M, Kisku A, Sudhan RA, Bhutia ND, Sharma VK, Prasad BD, Thudi M, Obročník O, Bárek V, Brestic M, Skalicky M, Gaber A, Hossain A. Shoot transcriptome revealed widespread differential expression and potential molecular mechanisms of chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) against Fusarium wilt. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1265265. [PMID: 38370576 PMCID: PMC10870781 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The yield of chickpea is severely hampered by infection wilt caused by several races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc). Methods To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of resistance against Foc4 Fusarium wilt, RNA sequencing-based shoot transcriptome data of two contrasting chickpea genotypes, namely KWR 108 (resistant) and GL 13001 (susceptible), were generated and analyzed. Results and Discussion The shoot transcriptome data showed 1,103 and 1,221 significant DEGs in chickpea genotypes KWR 108 and GL 13001, respectively. Among these, 495 and 608 genes were significantly down and up-regulated in genotypes KWR 108, and 427 and 794 genes were significantly down and up-regulated in genotype GL 13001. The gene ontology (GO) analysis of significant DEGs was performed and the GO of the top 50 DEGs in two contrasting chickpea genotypes showed the highest cellular components as membrane and nucleus, and molecular functions including nucleotide binding, metal ion binding, transferase, kinase, and oxidoreductase activity involved in biological processes such as phosphorylation, oxidation-reduction, cell redox homeostasis process, and DNA repair. Compared to the susceptible genotype which showed significant up-regulation of genes involved in processes like DNA repair, the significantly up-regulated DEGs of the resistant genotypes were involved in processes like energy metabolism and environmental adaptation, particularly host-pathogen interaction. This indicates an efficient utilization of environmental adaptation pathways, energy homeostasis, and stable DNA molecules as the strategy to cope with Fusarium wilt infection in chickpea. The findings of the study will be useful in targeting the genes in designing gene-based markers for association mapping with the traits of interest in chickpea under Fusarium wilt which could be efficiently utilized in marker-assisted breeding of chickpea, particularly against Foc4 Fusarium wilt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma L. Bhutia
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Mahtab Ahmad
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Anima Kisku
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - R. A. Sudhan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Nangsol D. Bhutia
- College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Bishun Deo Prasad
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Mahendar Thudi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CBS&H, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar, India
| | - Oliver Obročník
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Viliam Bárek
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Institute of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Division of Soil Science, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
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Shukla A, Awasthi NP, Sharma P, Tiwari V, Sharma VK, Raj Kulshrestha M, Singh P, Husain N. Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficacy of Novel Red Blood Cell Parameters as Potential Screening Test for Detecting Latent Iron Deficiency in Blood Donors. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2024; 40:139-145. [PMID: 38312185 PMCID: PMC10831009 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-023-01683-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) forms a major share of global burden of anemia. Frequent blood donation is a common iatrogenic cause of iron insufficiency in healthy adults. Serum iron and hemoglobin levels are normal despite low serum ferritin levels, referred to as latent iron deficiency (LID). Aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of novel RBC parameters-percentage of hypochromic RBCs (%HPO), percentage of microcytic RBCs (%MIC), and haemoglobin content of reticulocytes (MCHr) of Abbott Alinity autoanalyzer as indicators of latent iron deficiency in blood donors. 260 consenting and eligible blood donors were included in the study. Complete blood counts including new RBC parameters on Abbott Alinity autoanalyzer and serum iron profile were measured for all donors. Donors were categorized into LID and No LID based on Ferritin and Transferrin saturation (TSAT). Serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) were studied in a subset of samples [LID (n = 46), No LID (n = 18) and IDA (n = 27)]. Statistical analyses was done on IBM SPSS version 22. Among 260 donors, 56 (21.5%) were found to have LID. The difference in mean values for % HPO, % MIC, and MCHr were not found to be statistically significant in LID and No LID groups. sTfR results between LID, No LID and IDA sub-groups revealed significant difference. This study does not support the role of % HPO, % MIC and MCHr measured on Abott Alinity analyzer, as potential screening parameters for LID amongst blood donors. STfr was more informative in this regard. Further research on much larger sample size is required to confirm these findings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12288-023-01683-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Namrata Punit Awasthi
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Vandana Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Blood Bank, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Manish Raj Kulshrestha
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Pradyumn Singh
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, 226010 India
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Sakai VG, Mukhopadhyay R, Mitra S. Noncanonical Relationship between Heterogeneity and the Stokes-Einstein Breakdown in Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9766-9773. [PMID: 37882461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between Stokes-Einstein breakdown (SEB) and dynamical heterogeneity (DH) is of paramount importance in the physical chemistry of complex fluids. In this work, we employ neutron scattering to probe the DH and SEB in a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) composed of acetamide and lithium salts. Quasielastic neutron scattering experiments reveal SEB in the jump diffusion of acetamide, represented by a fractional Stokes-Einstein relationship. Among these DESs, lithium perchlorate exhibits the most pronounced SEB while lithium bromide displays the weakest. Concurrently, elastic incoherent neutron scans identify that bromide DES is the most heterogeneous and perchlorate is the least. For the first time, our study unveils a counterintuitive incommensurate relationship between DH and SEB. Further, it reveals the intricate contrasting nature of the SEB-DH relationship when investigated in proximity to the glass-transition temperature and further away from it.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V García Sakai
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Gupta S, Ramam M, Sharma VK, Sethuraman G, Pandey RM, Bhari N. Evaluation of a paraffin-based moisturizer compared to a ceramide-based moisturizer in children with atopic dermatitis: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 37269189 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moisturizers are first-line therapy for treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Although there are multiple types of moisturizers available, head-to-head trials between different moisturizers are limited. OBJECTIVE To evaluate if a paraffin-based moisturizer is as effective as ceramide-based moisturizer in children with AD. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this double-blind, randomized comparative trial of pediatric patients with mild to moderate AD, subjects applied either a paraffin-based or ceramide-based moisturizer twice daily. Clinical disease activity using SCOring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), quality of life using Children/Infants Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI/IDLQI), and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were measured at baseline and at follow-up at 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS Fifty-three patients were recruited (27 ceramide group and 26 paraffin group) with a mean age of 8.2 years and mean disease duration of 60 months. The mean change in SCORAD at 3 months in the ceramide-based and paraffin-based moisturizer groups was 22.1 and 21.4, respectively (p = .37). The change in CDLQI/IDLQI, TEWL over forearm and back, amount and days of topical corticosteroid required, median time to remission and disease-free days at 3 months were similar in both groups. As the 95% confidence interval (CI) of mean change in SCORAD at 3 months in both groups (0.78, 95% CI: -7.21 to 7.52) was not within the predefined margin of equivalence (-4 to +4), the conclusion of equivalence could not be proven. CONCLUSION Both the paraffin-based and ceramide-based moisturizers were comparable in improving the disease activity in children with mild to moderate AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - M Ramam
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V K Sharma
- School of Medical Science and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Sethuraman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R M Pandey
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Bhari
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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7
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Goswami S, Kshirsagar VS, Aswini V, Sharma VK, Samantray JS, Gupta R, Pawar PM, Pant HJ. Evaluation of mixing performance and validation of CFD simulations in baffled anaerobic digesters using radiotracer technique. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 192:110570. [PMID: 36462300 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The anaerobic digesters find usage in treating the huge amount of waste such as trash, garbage, human waste and animal waste. The sustained performance of an anaerobic digester depends on the flow pattern and mixing behaviour in the digester. A cylindrical digester tank with vertical baffles can provide flow behaviour approaching that of a plug flow reactor. However, the presence of dead zones and recirculating regions cause non-ideal flow in the digester. In this work, the mixing behaviour in two scaled-down models of baffled digester tanks is characterized by measurement of residence time distribution (RTD) using a radioactive tracer. While the first design has three vertical baffles, the second design include horizontal static flaps on the baffles. The flow behaviour in the digester is also simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and RTD is obtained computationally. The comparison of RTD curves obtained from CFD simulations with those obtained from radiotracer experiments show good agreement between them. There appear to be only minor difference in the flow behaviour and the RTD curves in the two digester designs. Using the RTD curve data, two commonly used RTD models, tank-in-series and dispersion models, have been fitted and both models are able to predict the RTD in the digester qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Goswami
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - V S Kshirsagar
- Department of Civil Engineering, SVERI's College of Engineering, Pandharpur, Solapur, 413304, India
| | - V Aswini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - J S Samantray
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Raghvendra Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, 781039, India
| | - P M Pawar
- Department of Civil Engineering, SVERI's College of Engineering, Pandharpur, Solapur, 413304, India
| | - H J Pant
- Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
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8
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Low CHX, Ong JSP, Li TYW, Ho JSY, Sharma VK, Tan BYQ, Seow SC, Yeo LLL, Yeo TC, Chai P, Chan MYY, Sia CH. Sex-based comparisons of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with embolic stroke of undetermined source with implantable loop recorders. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Introduction
Embolic strokes of undetermined source (ESUS) constitute a significant proportion of all ischemic strokes, but sex-based comparisons of clinical characteristics and outcomes of ESUS patients have not been well explored. As such, we aimed to examine how sex influences outcomes of ESUS patients.
Methods
Retrospective cohort study performed on consecutive ESUS patients with an implanted ILR between December 2013 to September 2021. We obtained information on the patients’ characteristics, treatments, and outcomes from the electronic medical records. Cox regression was used to investigate whether sex was independently associated with outcomes.
Results
There were 176 patients included in this study. The mean duration of follow-up was 1254 ± 724 days. Mean age was 60.8 ± 12.0 and 47 (26.7%) of patients were female. On univariable Cox regression analysis for subsequent atrial fibrillation (AF) on implantable loop recorder (ILR), patients with subsequent AF on ILR were more likely to be female (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.04–4.63, p = 0.040), older (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03–1.12, p = 0.001), have a lower glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97– 0.99, p = 0.004), and have previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (HR 2.60, 95% CI 1.05–6.46, p = 0.039). On multivariable Cox regression, after adjustment for age, eGFR and previous PCI status, female sex remained independently associated with the development of subsequent AF on ILR. Female sex was not associated with other outcomes including mortality, subsequent acute myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack and heart failure.
Conclusions
In this cohort of ESUS patients with ILR implantation, female sex was independently associated with a higher risk of development of AF on ILR. However, female sex was not a predictor of mortality, subsequent acute myocardial infarction, stroke/transient ischemic attack and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H X Low
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - J S P Ong
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T Y W Li
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - J S Y Ho
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - B Y Q Tan
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - S C Seow
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - L L L Yeo
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T C Yeo
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - P Chai
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - M Y Y Chan
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C H Sia
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
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Goh FQ, Sia CH, Tan BYQ, Yeo LLL, Sharma VK, Chew NWS, Li TYW, Ngiam JN, Yeo TC, Kong WKF, Poh KK. Characteristics and outcomes of aortic stenosis patients with and without stroke. Eur Heart J 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac779.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Sia CH was supported by the National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine’s Junior Academic Faculty Scheme
Background
Aortic stenosis (AS) is related to several atherosclerosis risk factors and is associated with an increased risk of ischaemic stroke. Some reports suggest that aortic valve calcification may predispose to embolic stroke although this is not well-studied. The literature is also sparse regarding individual stroke subtypes and predictors of stroke in AS.
Purpose
We aimed to 1) Describe rates of ischaemic stroke in AS including specific stroke subtypes; 2) Compare clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with AS who subsequently developed ischaemic stroke versus those who did not, and 3) Identify independent variables associated with subsequent stroke in AS.
Methods
Patients with AS were recruited from an echocardiography database from September 2011 to December 2015 at a single tertiary centre. The primary study endpoint was acute ischaemic stroke. Clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters were compared between patients who suffered a stroke after AS diagnosis and those who did not. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with subsequent stroke.
Results
A total of 703 patients with AS were studied, with a median follow-up duration of 3.0 (IQR 0.5, 5.0) years. Twenty-two patients (3.1%) developed stroke following AS diagnosis (large vessel, 18.2%; cardioembolic, 50.0%; small vessel, 18.2%; other determined ischaemic stroke, 13.6%). These patients had a greater prevalence of previous stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) (50.0%) compared to patients who did not develop subsequent stroke (20.9%), p<0.001. Patients with AS who developed subsequent stroke also more commonly had atrial fibrillation at the time of indexed echocardiography (40.0%) compared to their counterparts who did not develop stroke (13.5%), p=0.004 (Table 1). Other cardiovascular risk factors and traditional echocardiographic parameters of AS severity were similar between the 2 groups. Degenerative calcified aortic valve was not associated with the development of all types of ischaemic stroke or cardioembolic stroke. AS severity was also not associated with development of stroke. Multivariable Cox regression analysis found previous stroke or TIA (HR 8.00, 95% CI 2.70–23.58, p<0.001) and atrial fibrillation at time of echocardiography (HR 8.81, 95% CI 1.34–10.80, p=0.012) to be independent predictors of subsequent stroke in AS. The key findings of our study are summarised in Figure 1.
Conclusions
Cardioembolic stroke is the most common stroke subtype in patients with AS. Previous history of stroke or TIA and atrial fibrillation at time of diagnostic echocardiography are independent predictors of subsequent stroke in AS. Calcified aortic valve was not found to be a risk factor for all types of ischaemic stroke or cardioembolic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Q Goh
- National University Hospital, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C H Sia
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - B Y Q Tan
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - L L L Yeo
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - N W S Chew
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T Y W Li
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - J N Ngiam
- National University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T C Yeo
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - W K F Kong
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
| | - K K Poh
- National University Heart Centre, Department of Cardiology , Singapore , Singapore
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Sharma VK, Gupta J, Mamontov E. Lateral diffusion of lipids in the DMPG membrane across the anomalous melting regime: effects of NaCl. Soft Matter 2022; 19:57-68. [PMID: 36458871 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01425d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The anionic dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) membrane in solvents with a low ionic strength is known to exhibit an unusually wide melting regime between the gel and fluid phase characterized by various anomalous macroscopic characteristics, such as low turbidity and high electrical conductivity and viscosity. A recent neutron spin echo study [Kelley, E. G. et al., Struct. Dyn., 7 (2020) 054704] revealed that during the extended melting phase transition the DMPG membrane becomes softer and exhibits faster collective bending fluctuation compared to the higher temperature fluid phase. In contrast, in the present work, using incoherent quasielastic neutron scattering through the anomalous phase transition regime we find that single-particle lateral and internal lipid motions in the DMPG membrane show regular temperature dependence, with no enhanced dynamics evident in the anomalous melting regime. Further, we find that incorporation of NaCl in DMPG suppresses the anomalous extended melting regime, concurrently enhancing the single-particle lipid dynamics, both the lateral diffusivity and (to a lesser extent) the internal lipid motion. This seems rather counterintuitive and in variance with the dynamic suppression effect exerted by a salt on a zwitterionic membrane. However, since incorporation of a salt in anionic DMPG leads to enhanced cooperativity, the disrupted cooperativity in the salt-free DMPG is associated with the baseline lipid dynamics that is suppressed to begin with, whereas addition of salt partially restores the cooperativity, thus enhancing lipid dynamics compared to the salt-free baseline DMPG membrane state. These results provide new insights into the ion-membrane interaction and divulge a correlation between microscopic dynamics and the structure of the lipid bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - J Gupta
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - E Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
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11
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Mitra S. Modulation of Diffusion Mechanism and Its Correlation with Complexation in Aqueous Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:9026-9037. [PMID: 36315464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c05312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Aqueous mixtures of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have gained traction recently as an effective template to tailor their physicochemical properties. But detailed microscopic insights into the effects of water on the molecular relaxation phenomenon in DESs are not entirely understood. DESs are strong network-forming liquids due to the extensive hydrogen bonding and complex formation between their species, and therefore, water can behave as a controlled disruptor altering the microscopic structure and dynamics in DESs. In this study, the role of water in the diffusion mechanism of acetamide in the aqueous mixtures of DESs synthesized using acetamide and lithium perchlorate is investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS). The acetamide dynamics comprises localized diffusion within transient cages and a jump diffusion process across cages. The jump diffusion process is observed to be strongly enhanced by about a factor of 10 as the water content in the system is increased. Meanwhile, the geometry of the localized dynamics is unaltered by addition of water, but the localized diffusion becomes significantly faster and more heterogeneous with increasing water concentration. The accelerating effects of water on localized diffusion are also substantiated by QENS experiments. The water concentration in the DES is observed to control the solvation structure of lithium ions, with the ions becoming significantly hydrated at 20 wt % water. The formation of interwater and water-acetamide hydrogen bonds is observed. The increase in water concentration is found to increase the number of H-bonds; however, their lifetimes are found to decrease substantially. Similarly, the lifetimes of acetamide-lithium complexes are also found to be diminished by increasing water concentration. A power-law scaling relationship between lifetimes and diffusion constants is established, elucidating the extent of coupling between diffusive processes and hydrogen bonding and microscopic complexation. This study demonstrates the ability to use water as an agent to probe the role of structural relaxation and complex lifetimes of diffusive processes at different time and length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400094, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai400085, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai400094, India
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12
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Goh FQ, Sim JJL, Ling RR, Neo VSQ, Ng EST, Leow AST, Tan BYQ, Kong WKF, Sharma VK, Poh KK, Wong RC, Yeo LLL, Chai P, Yeo TC, Sia CH. Clinical characteristics, echocardiographic features and long-term outcomes of patients with ischaemic versus non-ischaemic left ventricular thrombus. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) may develop in patients following myocardial infarction (MI), as well as in ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathies, and may result in acute ischaemic stroke. Smaller studies comparing LVT associated with ischaemic and non-ischaemic aetiologies only reported 1-year outcomes or focused on specific subpopulations. We aimed to compare the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics and longer-term outcomes in a large population of patients with ischaemic versus non-ischaemic LVT.
Methods
This was a retrospective study of 552 consecutive patients with echocardiographically-identified LVT from March 2011 to January 2021 at a tertiary centre. Ischaemic LVT included LVT associated with MI and ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Non-ischaemic LVT included cases without evidence of ischaemia. Echocardiographic images were interpreted by trained cardiologists. We studied thrombus resolution as well as 5-year rates of ischaemic stroke and all-cause mortality.
Results
Of the 552 patients, mean age was 59.9 years and 84.4% were male. 492 patients had ischaemic LVT and 60 patients had non-ischaemic LVT. Ischaemic LVT was associated with older age (60.4 versus 55.3 years), male sex (86.8% versus 65.0%), smoking (49.2% versus 25.0%) and hyperlipidaemia (54.3% versus 28.3%). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower in non-ischaemic LVT (28.9% versus 31.9%). LVEF ≤35% was associated with increased mortality in ischaemic LVT (HR 2.11, 95% CI 1.32–3.38). Rates of thrombus resolution, stroke and all-cause mortality were similar in the 2 groups. Anticoagulation was associated with a lower risk of stroke in ischaemic LVT (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.16–0.66) and lower mortality in both ischaemic (HR 0.44, 95% CI 0.26–0.72) and non-ischaemic LVT (HR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.61).
Conclusion
Patients with ischaemic LVT were more often older, male, smokers and had cardiovascular co-morbidities compared to those with non-ischaemic LVT. Thrombus resolution, stroke and all-cause mortality rates were similar in both groups. Anticoagulation was associated with lower mortality but this needs to be investigated in future prospective studies.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): CHS was supported by the National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine's Junior Academic Faculty Scheme
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Affiliation(s)
- F Q Goh
- National University Hospital , Singapore , Singapore
| | - J J L Sim
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - R R Ling
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - V S Q Neo
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - E S T Ng
- National University of Singapore, Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - A S T Leow
- National University Hospital , Singapore , Singapore
| | - B Y Q Tan
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - W K F Kong
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - K K Poh
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - R C Wong
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - L L L Yeo
- National University Hospital, Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine , Singapore , Singapore
| | - P Chai
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - T C Yeo
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C H Sia
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
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13
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Gupta G, Dhar S, Kumar A, Choudhary AK, Dass A, Sharma VK, Shukla L, Upadhyay PK, Das A, Jinger D, Rajpoot SK, Sannagoudar MS, Kumar A, Bhupenchandra I, Tyagi V, Joshi E, Kumar K, Dwivedi P, Rajawat MVS. Microbes-mediated integrated nutrient management for improved rhizo-modulation, pigeonpea productivity, and soil bio-fertility in a semi-arid agro-ecology. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:924407. [PMID: 36187978 PMCID: PMC9520524 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.924407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive dependence on chemical fertilizers and ignorance to organic and microbial inputs under intensive cropping systems are the basic components of contemporary agriculture, which evolves several sustainability issues, such as degraded soil health and sub-optimal crop productivity. This scenario urges for integrated nutrient management approaches, such as microbes-mediated integrated plant nutrition for curtailing the high doses as chemical fertilizers. Rationally, experiment has been conducted in pigeonpea at ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, with the aim of identifying the appropriate nutrient management technique involving microbial and organic nutrient sources for improved rhizo-modulation, crop productivity, and soil bio-fertility. The randomized block-designed experiment consisted nine treatments viz. Control, Recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF), RDF+ Microbial inoculants (MI), Vermicompost (VC), Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Leaf Compost (LC), VC + MI, FYM + MI, and LC + MI. Rhizobium spp., Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., and Frateuria aurantia were used as seed-inoculating microbes. The results indicated the significant response of integration following the trend VC + MI > FYM + MI > LC + MI > RDF + MI for various plant shoot-root growth attributes and soil microbial and enzymatic properties. FYM + MI significantly improved the water-stable aggregates (22%), mean weight diameter (1.13 mm), and geometric mean diameter (0.93 mm), soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC stock, and SOC sequestration. The chemical properties viz. available N, P, and K were significantly improved with VC + MI. The study summarizes that FYM + MI could result in better soil physico-chemical and biological properties and shoot-root development; however; VC + MI could improve available nutrients in the soil and may enhance the growth of pigeonpea more effectively. The outcomes of the study are postulated as a viable and alternative solution for excessive chemical fertilizer-based nutrient management and would also promote the microbial consortia and organic manures-based agro-industries. This would add to the goal of sustainable agricultural development by producing quality crop produce, maintaining agro-biodiversity and making the soils fertile and healthy that would be a “gift to the society.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurendra Gupta
- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Jhansi, India
| | - Shiva Dhar
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Shiva Dhar,
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, India
| | - Anil K. Choudhary
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
- Central Potato Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Shimla, India
| | - Anchal Dass
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Division of SSAC, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Livleen Shukla
- Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - P. K. Upadhyay
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Anup Das
- Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Lembucherra, India
| | - Dinesh Jinger
- Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Research Centre, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Vasad, India
| | | | | | - Amit Kumar
- ICAR RC for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Gangtok, India
| | - Ingudam Bhupenchandra
- ICAR–Krishi Vigyan Kendra, ICAR RC for NEH Region, Manipur Centre, Tamenglong, India
| | - Vishal Tyagi
- Indian Institute of Seed Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, India
| | - Ekta Joshi
- Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, India
| | - Kamlesh Kumar
- Division of Agronomy, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
- Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Meerut, India
| | - Padmanabh Dwivedi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat
- National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Mau, India
- Mahendra Vikram Singh Rajawat,
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14
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Sharma VK, Mamontov E. Multiscale lipid membrane dynamics as revealed by neutron spectroscopy. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 87:101179. [PMID: 35780913 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane is one of the principal structural components of the cell and, therefore, one of the key components of the cellular life. Because the membrane's dynamics links the membrane's structure and function, the complexity and the broad range of the membrane's motions are essential for the enormously diverse functionality of the cell membrane. Even for the main membrane component, the lipid bilayer, considered alone, the range and complexity of the lipid motions are remarkable. Spanning the time scale from sub-picosecond to minutes and hours, the lipid motion in a bilayer is challenging to study even when a broad array of dynamic measurement techniques is employed. Neutron scattering plays a special role among such dynamic measurement techniques, particularly, because it involves the energy transfers commensurate with the typical intra- and inter- molecular dynamics and the momentum transfers commensurate with intra- and inter-molecular distances. Thus, using neutron scattering-based techniques, the spatial and temporal information on the lipid motion can be obtained and analysed simultaneously. Protium vs. deuterium sensitivity and non-destructive character of the neutron probe add to the remarkable prowess of neutron scattering for elucidating the lipid dynamics. Herein we present an overview of the neutron scattering-based studies of lipid dynamics in model membranes, with a discussion of the direct relevance and implications to the real-life cell membranes. The latter are much more complex systems than simple model membranes, consisting of heterogeneous non-stationary domains composed of lipids, proteins, and other small molecules, such as carbohydrates. Yet many fundamental aspects of the membrane behavior and membrane interactions with other molecules can be understood from neutron scattering measurements of the model membranes. For example, such studies can provide a great deal of information on the interactions of antimicrobial compounds with the lipid matrix of a pathogen membrane, or the interactions of drug molecules with the plasma membrane. Finally, we briefly discuss the recently emerging field of neutron scattering membrane studies with a reach far beyond the model membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - E Mamontov
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
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15
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Harish MN, Choudhary AK, Kumar S, Dass A, Singh VK, Sharma VK, Varatharajan T, Dhillon MK, Sangwan S, Dua VK, Nitesh SD, Bhavya M, Sangwan S, Prasad S, Kumar A, Rajpoot SK, Gupta G, Verma P, Kumar A, George S. Double zero tillage and foliar phosphorus fertilization coupled with microbial inoculants enhance maize productivity and quality in a maize-wheat rotation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3161. [PMID: 35210519 PMCID: PMC8873388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is an important industrial crop where yield and quality enhancement both assume greater importance. Clean production technologies like conservation agriculture and integrated nutrient management hold the key to enhance productivity and quality besides improving soil health and environment. Hence, maize productivity and quality were assessed under a maize–wheat cropping system (MWCS) using four crop-establishment and tillage management practices [FBCT–FBCT (Flat bed–conventional tillage both in maize and wheat); RBCT–RBZT (Raised bed–CT in maize and raised bed–zero tillage in wheat); FBZT–FBZT (FBZT both in maize and wheat); PRBZT–PRBZT (Permanent raised bed–ZT both in maize and wheat], and five P-fertilization practices [P100 (100% soil applied-P); P50 + 2FSP (50% soil applied-P + 2 foliar-sprays of P through 2% DAP both in maize and wheat); P50 + PSB + AM-fungi; P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP; and P0 (100% NK with no-P)] in split-plot design replicated-thrice. Double zero-tilled PRBZT–PRBZT system significantly enhanced the maize grain, starch, protein and oil yield by 13.1–19% over conventional FBCT–FBCT. P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP, integrating soil applied-P, microbial-inoculants and foliar-P, had significantly higher grain, starch, protein and oil yield by 12.5–17.2% over P100 besides saving 34.7% fertilizer-P both in maize and on cropping-system basis. P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP again had significantly higher starch, lysine and tryptophan content by 4.6–10.4% over P100 due to sustained and synchronized P-bioavailability. Higher amylose content (24.1%) was observed in grains under P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP, a beneficial trait due to its lower glycemic-index highly required for diabetic patients, where current COVID-19 pandemic further necessitated the use of such dietary ingredients. Double zero-tilled PRBZT–PRBZT reported greater MUFA (oleic acid, 37.1%), MUFA: PUFA ratio and P/S index with 6.9% higher P/S index in corn-oil (an oil quality parameter highly required for heart-health) over RBCT-RBCT. MUFA, MUFA: PUFA ratio and P/S index were also higher under P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP; avowing the obvious role of foliar-P and microbial-inoculants in influencing maize fatty acid composition. Overall, double zero-tilled PRBZT–PRBZT with crop residue retention at 6 t/ha per year along with P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP while saving 34.7% fertilizer-P in MWCS, may prove beneficial in enhancing maize productivity and quality so as to reinforce the food and nutritional security besides boosting food, corn-oil and starch industry in south-Asia and collateral arid agro-ecologies across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Harish
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Anil K Choudhary
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India. .,ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 001, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Anchal Dass
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - V K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - V K Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - T Varatharajan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - M K Dhillon
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Seema Sangwan
- CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125 004, India
| | - V K Dua
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 001, India
| | - S D Nitesh
- CSA University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 002, India
| | - M Bhavya
- University of Agricultural & Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577 204, India
| | - S Sangwan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Shiv Prasad
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - S K Rajpoot
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Gaurendra Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284 003, India
| | - Prakash Verma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.,ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Farm Science Centre, GAD Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tarn Taran, Punjab, 143 412, India
| | - S George
- Farm Science Centre, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Gonikoppal, Karnataka, 571213, India
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16
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Ngiam JN, Cheong CWS, Leow AST, Wei YT, Thet JKX, Lee IYS, Sia CH, Tan BYQ, Khoo CM, Sharma VK, Yeo LLL. Stress hyperglycaemia is associated with poor functional outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke after intravenous thrombolysis. QJM 2022; 115:7-11. [PMID: 32810234 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transient hyperglycaemia in the context of illness with or without known diabetes has been termed as 'stress hyperglycaemia'. Stress hyperglycaemia can result in poor functional outcomes in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) who underwent mechanical thrombectomy. We investigated the association between stress hyperglycaemia and clinical outcomes in AIS patients undergoing intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). METHODS We examined 666 consecutive patients with AIS who underwent IVT from 2006 to 2018. All patients had a glycated haemoglobin level (HbA1c) and fasting venous blood glucose measured within 24 h of admission. Stress hyperglycaemia ratio (SHR) was defined as the ratio of the fasting glucose to the HbA1c. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify predictors of poor functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale 3-6 at 3 months) after IVT. RESULTS Three-hundred and sixty-one patients (54.2%) had good functional outcomes. These patients tended to be younger (60.7 ± 12.7 vs. 70 ± 14.4 years, P < 0.001), male (70.7% vs. 51.5%, P < 0.001), had lower prevalence of atrial fibrillation (13.0% vs. 20.7%, P = 0.008) and lower SHR (0.88 ± 0.20 vs. 0.99 ± 26, P < 0.001). Patients with high SHR (≥0.97) were slightly older than those with low SHR (<0.97) and were more likely to have diabetes mellitus. On multivariate analysis, higher SHR was independently associated with poor functional outcomes (adjusted odds ratio 3.85, 95% confidence interval 1.59-9.09, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION SHR appears to be an important predictor of functional outcomes in patients with AIS undergoing IVT. This may have important implications on the role of glycaemic control in the acute management of ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Ngiam
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - C W S Cheong
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - A S T Leow
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Y-T Wei
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - J K X Thet
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - I Y S Lee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - C-H Sia
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - B Y Q Tan
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - C-M Khoo
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - L L L Yeo
- Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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17
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Darolia PJ, Malik S, Sharma D, Kumar M, Garg S, Sharma VK. Physico-Chemical Characterization of Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Imidazolium Based Cation and Common Anion Ionic Liquids with Lactams. J SOLUTION CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-021-01127-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Mitra S. Can the microscopic and macroscopic transport phenomena in deep eutectic solvents be reconciled? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22854-22873. [PMID: 34505589 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02413b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become ubiquitous in a variety of industrial and pharmaceutical applications since their discovery. However, the fundamental understanding of their physicochemical properties and their emergence from the microscopic features is still being explored fervently. Particularly, the knowledge of transport mechanisms in DESs is essential to tune their properties, which shall aid in expanding the territory of their applications. This perspective presents the current state of understanding of the bulk/macroscopic transport properties and microscopic relaxation processes in DESs. The dependence of these properties on the components and composition of the DES is explored, highlighting the role of hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) interactions. Modulation of these interactions by water and other additives, and their subsequent effect on the transport mechanisms, is also discussed. Various models (e.g. hole theory, free volume theory, etc.) have been proposed to explain the macroscopic transport phenomena from a microscopic origin. But the formation of H-bond networks and clusters in the DES reveals the insufficiency of these models, and establishes an antecedent for dynamic heterogeneity. Even significantly above the glass transition, the microscopic relaxation processes in DESs are rife with temporal and spatial heterogeneity, which causes a substantial decoupling between the viscosity and microscopic diffusion processes. However, we propose that a thorough understanding of the structural relaxation associated to the H-bond dynamics in DESs will provide the necessary framework to interpret the emergence of bulk transport properties from their microscopic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India. .,Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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19
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Sharma VK, Khurana S, Kaur S, Ram J. Arcus lipoides juvenilis: a presenting sign of dyslipidaemia. QJM 2021; 114:333-334. [PMID: 32770245 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - S Khurana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - S Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - J Ram
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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20
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Khurana DS, Sharma VK, Kaur S, Ram J. Bilateral ectopia lentis in classical homocystinuria. QJM 2021; 114:275. [PMID: 32597977 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Drs S Khurana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - S Kaur
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - J Ram
- Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
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21
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Mitra S. Water accelerates the hydrogen-bond dynamics and abates heterogeneity in deep eutectic solvent based on acetamide and lithium perchlorate. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:024505. [PMID: 34266283 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become a prevalent and promising medium in various industrial applications. The addition of water to DESs has attracted a lot of attention as a scheme to modulate their functionalities and improve their physicochemical properties. In this work, we study the effects of water on an acetamide based DES by probing its microscopic structure and dynamics using classical molecular dynamics simulation. It is observed that, at low water content, acetamide still remains the dominant solvate in the first solvation shell of lithium ions, however, beyond 10 wt. %, it is replaced by water. The increase in the water content in the solvent accelerates the H-bond dynamics by drastically decreasing the lifetimes of acetamide-lithium H-bond complexes. Additionally, water-lithium H-bond complexes are also found to form, with systematically longer lifetimes in comparison to acetamide-lithium complexes. Consequently, the diffusivity and ionic conductivity of all the species in the DES are found to increase substantially. Non-Gaussianity parameters for translational motions of acetamide and water in the DES show a conspicuous decrease with addition of water in the system. The signature of jump-like reorientation of acetamide is observed in the DES by quantifying the deviation from rotational Brownian motion. However, a notable decrease in the deviation is observed with an increase in the water content in the DES. This study demonstrates the intricate connection between H-bond dynamics and various microscopic dynamical parameters in the DES, by investigating the modulation of the former with addition of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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22
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Narayanan A, Bhari N, Sreenivas V, Sharma VK, Sethuraman G. A split-tattoo randomized Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet laser trial comparing the efficacy of a novel three-pass, one-session method with a conventional method in the treatment of blue/black tattoos in darker skin types. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 47:125-128. [PMID: 34236705 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tattoos with blue/black ink show good lightening of pigment after treatment with 1064 nm Q-switched (QS) neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. In this randomized trial, we compared the efficacy of a novel three pass, one session procedure (R15 method) with a conventional method for treating blue/black tattoos in darker skin types. Tattoos were treated with 1064 nm QS Nd:YAG Laser with a spot size of 4 mm, fluence of 5 J/cm2 and frequency of 5 Hz. The tattoo pigment lightening was comparable with both methods. Thread-like tattoos had significantly better pigment lightening with fewer side effects than the broad band-like tattoos. We would like to recommend the R15 method of the QS Nd:YAG laser for thread-like tattoos, which can save patients' time, cut short the frequency of their hospital visits and, more importantly, decrease the cost involved in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Narayanan
- Department of, Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - N Bhari
- Department of, Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V Sreenivas
- Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Department of, Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - G Sethuraman
- Department of, Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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23
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Mukhopadhyay R. Diffusion of confined fluids in microporous zeolites and clay materials. Rep Prog Phys 2021; 84:066501. [PMID: 33740783 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abf085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluids exhibit remarkable variation in their structural and dynamic properties when they are confined at the nanoscopic scale. Various factors, including geometric restriction, the size and shape of the guest molecules, the topology of the host, and guest-host interactions, are responsible for the alterations in these properties. Due to their porous structures, aluminosilicates provide a suitable host system for studying the diffusion of sorbates in confinement. Zeolites and clays are two classes of the aluminosilicate family, comprising very ordered porous or layered structures. Zeolitic materials are important due to their high catalytic activity and molecular sieving properties. Guest molecules adsorbed by zeolites display many interesting features including unidimensional diffusion, non-isotropic rotation, preferred orientation and levitation effects, depending on the guest and host characteristics. These are useful for the separation of hydrocarbons which commonly exist as mixtures in nature. Similarly, clay materials have found application in catalysis, desalination, enhanced oil recovery, and isolation barriers used in radioactive waste disposal. It has been shown that the bonding interactions, level of hydration, interlayer spacing, and number of charge-balancing cations are the important factors that determine the nature of diffusion of water molecules in clays. Here, we present a review of the current status of the diffusion mechanisms of various adsorbed species in different microporous zeolites and clays, as investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering and classical molecular dynamics simulation techniques. It is impossible to write an exhaustive review of the subject matter, as it has been explored over several decades and involves many research topics. However, an effort is made to cover the relevant issues specific to the dynamics of different molecules in microporous zeolites and clay materials and to highlight a variety of interesting features that are important for both practical applications and fundamental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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24
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Tembhre MK, Parihar AS, Sharma VK, Imran S, Bhari N, Lakshmy R, Bhalla A. Enhanced expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in psoriatic skin and its upregulation in keratinocytes by interferon-γ: implication of inflammatory milieu in skin tropism of SARS-CoV-2. Br J Dermatol 2020; 184:577-579. [PMID: 33155280 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M K Tembhre
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.,Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - A S Parihar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - S Imran
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - N Bhari
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - R Lakshmy
- Department of Cardiac Biochemistry, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - A Bhalla
- Department of Biotechnology, APS University, Rewa, India
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25
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Abstract
It is known that the organic units in hybrid halide perovskites are free to rotate, but it is not clear if this freedom is of any relevance to the structure-property relationship of these compounds. We have employed quasi-elastic neutron scattering using two different spectrometers, thus providing a wide dynamic range to investigate the cation dynamics in methylammonium lead bromide (MAPbBr3) and formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3) over a large temperature range covering all known crystallographic phases of these two compounds. Our results establish a plastic crystal-like phase forming above 30 K within the orthorhombic phase of MAPbBr3 related to 3-fold rotations of MA units around the C-N axis with an activation energy, Ea, of ∼27 meV, which has no counterpart in the FA compound. MA exhibits an additional 4-fold orientational motion of the whole molecule via rotation of the C-N axis itself with an Ea of ∼68 meV common for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. In contrast, the FA compound exhibits only an isotropic orientational motion of the whole FA unit with Ea ≈ 106 meV within the orthorhombic phase and a substantially reduced common Ea of ∼62 meV for the high-temperature tetragonal and cubic phases. Our results suggest that the rotational dynamics of the organic units, crystallographic phases, and physical properties of these compounds are intimately connected.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - A Mohanty
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
| | - M Tyagi
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - J P Embs
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering and Imaging, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - D D Sarma
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560012, India
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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27
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Sharma VK, Srinivasan H, García Sakai V, Mitra S. Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide, a surfactant model for the cell membrane: Importance of microscopic dynamics. Struct Dyn 2020; 7:051301. [PMID: 32984433 PMCID: PMC7511241 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Cationic lipid membranes have recently attracted huge attention both from a fundamental point of view and due to their practical applications in drug delivery and gene therapy. The dynamical behavior of the lipids in the membrane is a key parameter controlling various physiological processes and drug release kinetics. Here, we review the dynamical and thermotropic phase behavior of an archetypal cationic lipid membrane, dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB), as studied using neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulation techniques. DODAB membranes exhibit interesting phase behavior, specifically showing coagel, gel, and fluid phases in addition to a large hysteresis when comparing heating and cooling cycles. The dynamics of the lipid membrane is strongly dependent on the physical state of the bilayer. Lateral diffusion of the lipids is faster, by an order of magnitude, in the fluid phase than in the ordered phase. It is not only the characteristic times but also the nature of the segmental motions that differ between the ordered and fluid phases. The effect of different membrane active molecules including drugs, stimulants, gemini surfactants, and unsaturated lipids, on the dynamical and thermotropic phase behavior of the DODAB membrane, is also discussed here. Various interesting features such as induced synchronous ordering between polar head groups and tails, sub diffusive behavior, etc., are observed. The results shed light on the interaction between these additives and the membrane, which is found to be a complex interplay between the physical state of the membrane, charge, concentration, molecular architecture of the additives, and their location within the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. K. Sharma
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: and . Phone: +91-22-25594604
| | | | - V. García Sakai
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
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28
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Katsanos AH, Alexandrov AV, Mandava P, Köhrmann M, Soinne L, Barreto AD, Sharma VK, Mikulik R, Muir KW, Rothlisberger T, Grotta JC, Levi CR, Molina CA, Saqqur M, Palaiodimou L, Psaltopoulou T, Vosko MR, Moreira T, Fiebach JB, Rubiera M, Sandset EC, Havenon A, Kent TA, Alexandrov AW, Schellinger PD, Tsivgoulis G. Pulse pressure variability is associated with unfavorable outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:2453-2462. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. H. Katsanos
- Division of Neurology McMaster University/Population Health Research Institute Hamilton ON Canada
- Second Department of Neurology ‘Attikon’ University Hospital School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - A. V. Alexandrov
- Department of Neurology University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA
| | - P. Mandava
- Stroke Outcomes Laboratory Department of Neurology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center Stroke Program and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases Houston TX USA
| | - M. Köhrmann
- Department of Neurology University Hospital Essen Essen Germany
| | - L. Soinne
- Department of Neurology Helsinki University Hospital and Clinical Neurosciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | - A. D. Barreto
- Department of Neurology University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Houston TX USA
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore and Division of Neurology National University Hospital Singapore Singapore
| | - R. Mikulik
- International Clinical Research Centre and Department of Neurology St Anne’s University Hospital in Brno and Medical FacultyMasaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - K. W. Muir
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology University of GlasgowQueen Elizabeth University Hospital Glasgow UK
| | | | - J. C. Grotta
- Clinical Innovation and Research Institute Memorial Hermann Hospital‐Texas Medical Center Houston TX USA
| | - C. R. Levi
- Department of Neurology John Hunter Hospital University of Newcastle Newcastle NSW Australia
| | - C. A. Molina
- Stroke Unit Department of Neurology Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Vall d'Hebron Research Institute Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Saqqur
- Department of Medicine (Neurology) University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada
- Neuroscience Institute Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
| | - L. Palaiodimou
- Second Department of Neurology ‘Attikon’ University Hospital School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - T. Psaltopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - M. R. Vosko
- Department of Neurology 2 Med Campus III Kepler University Hospital Linz Austria
| | - T. Moreira
- Department of Neurology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - J. B. Fiebach
- Center for Stroke Research Berlin Charité‐University Medicine Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M. Rubiera
- Stroke Unit Department of Neurology Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Vall d'Hebron Research Institute Autonomous University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - E. C. Sandset
- Department of Neurology Stroke Unit Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - A. Havenon
- Department of Neurology Clinical Neurosciences Center University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA
| | - T. A. Kent
- Texas A&M Health Science Center‐Houston campusUniversity of Texas Houston TX USA
- Department of Neurology Houston Methodist Hospital Houston TX USA
| | - A. W. Alexandrov
- Department of Neurology University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA
| | - P. D. Schellinger
- Departments of Neurology and Neurogeriatry John Wesling Medical Center Minden Ruhr University Bochum Minden Germany
| | - G. Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology ‘Attikon’ University Hospital School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
- Department of Neurology University of Tennessee Health Science Center Memphis TN USA
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29
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Paliwal P, Sinha AK, Sharma VK. Reversal of the 'reversed Robin Hood syndrome' in severe intracranial stenosis after enhanced external counterpulsation therapy. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:2371-2372. [PMID: 32748471 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P Paliwal
- Division of Neurology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A K Sinha
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- Division of Neurology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,YLL School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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30
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Tsivgoulis G, Goyal N, Katsanos AH, Malhotra K, Ishfaq MF, Pandhi A, Frohler MT, Spiotta AM, Anadani M, Psychogios M, Maus V, Siddiqui A, Waqas M, Schellinger PD, Groen M, Krogias C, Richter D, Saqqur M, Garcia-Bermejo P, Mokin M, Leker R, Cohen JE, Magoufis G, Psychogios K, Lioutas VA, Van Nostrand M, Sharma VK, Paciaroni M, Rentzos A, Shoirah H, Mocco J, Nickele C, Mitsias PD, Inoa V, Hoit D, Elijovich L, Arthur AS, Alexandrov AV. Intravenous thrombolysis for large vessel or distal occlusions presenting with mild stroke severity. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:1039-1047. [PMID: 32149450 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We investigated the effectiveness of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel or distal occlusions and mild neurological deficits, defined as National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores < 6 points. METHODS The primary efficacy outcome was 3-month functional independence (FI) [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 0-2] that was compared between patients with and without IVT treatment. Other efficacy outcomes of interest included 3-month favorable functional outcome (mRS scores 0-1) and mRS score distribution at discharge and at 3 months. The safety outcomes comprised all-cause 3-month mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), asymptomatic ICH and severe systemic bleeding. RESULTS We evaluated 336 AIS patients with large vessel or distal occlusions and mild stroke severity (mean age 63 ± 15 years, 45% women). Patients treated with IVT (n = 162) had higher FI (85.6% vs. 74.8%, P = 0.027) with lower mRS scores at hospital discharge (P = 0.034) compared with the remaining patients. No differences were detected in any of the safety outcomes including symptomatic ICH, asymptomatic ICH, severe systemic bleeding and 3-month mortality. IVT was associated with higher likelihood of 3-month FI [odds ratio (OR), 2.19; 95% confidence intervals (CI), 1.09-4.42], 3-month favorable functional outcome (OR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.10-3.57), functional improvement at discharge [common OR (per 1-point decrease in mRS score), 2.94; 95% CI, 1.67-5.26)] and at 3 months (common OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.06-2.86) on multivariable logistic regression models adjusting for potential confounders, including mechanical thrombectomy. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous thrombolysis is independently associated with higher odds of improved discharge and 3-month functional outcomes in AIS patients with large vessel or distal occlusions and mild stroke severity. IVT appears not to increase the risk of systemic or symptomatic intracranial bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tsivgoulis
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - N Goyal
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - A H Katsanos
- Second Department of Neurology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - K Malhotra
- Charleston Division, Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, Charleston, WV, USA
| | - M F Ishfaq
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - A Pandhi
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - M T Frohler
- Cerebrovascular Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - A M Spiotta
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M Anadani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - M Psychogios
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - V Maus
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - A Siddiqui
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - M Waqas
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Radiology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - P D Schellinger
- Department of Neurology and Neurogeriatry, Johannes Wesling Medical Center Minden, University Clinic RUB, Minden, Germany
| | - M Groen
- Department of Neurology and Neurogeriatry, Johannes Wesling Medical Center Minden, University Clinic RUB, Minden, Germany
| | - C Krogias
- Department of Neurology, St Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - D Richter
- Department of Neurology, St Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Saqqur
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Neurology, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - P Garcia-Bermejo
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M Mokin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - R Leker
- Department of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J E Cohen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - G Magoufis
- Acute Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | - K Psychogios
- Acute Stroke Unit, Metropolitan Hospital, Piraeus, Greece
| | - V A Lioutas
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Van Nostrand
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V K Sharma
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Neurology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - M Paciaroni
- Stroke Unit, Divisione di Medicina Cardiovascolare, Università di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A Rentzos
- Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Shoirah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Mocco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - C Nickele
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - P D Mitsias
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Herakleion, Greece
| | - V Inoa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - D Hoit
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - L Elijovich
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - A S Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Semmes-Murphey Neurologic and Spine Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - A V Alexandrov
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
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Verma G, Yadav DD, Kumar A, Singh R, Babu S, Avasthe RK, Gudade BA, Sharma VK. Impact of Fertility Levels and Biofertilizers on Root Architecture, Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Crop. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.20546/ijcmas.2020.902.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Sakai VG, Embs JP, Mukhopadhyay R, Mitra S. Transport Mechanism of Acetamide in Deep Eutectic Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1509-1520. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V. García Sakai
- ISIS Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, OX11 0QX Didcot, U.K
| | - Jan P. Embs
- Laboratory for Neutron Scattering, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Swizerland
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - S. Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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Khurana S, Gupta PC, Balamurugan R, Sharma VK, Ram J. Crystalline cataract in diabetes. QJM 2020; 113:57. [PMID: 31086962 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcz111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Khurana
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P C Gupta
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Balamurugan
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Ram
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Vashisht KR, Arava SK, Tembhre MK, Parihar AS, Sharma VK, Das BK, Sreenivas V, Sethuraman G, Gupta S. A randomized pilot study to compare hair follicle cell suspensions prepared using trypsin alone versus trypsin in combination with collagenase type I for transplantation in vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:172-179. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.14061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. R. Vashisht
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - S. K. Arava
- Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - M. K. Tembhre
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - A. S. Parihar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - B. K. Das
- Department of Microbiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - V. Sreenivas
- Department of Biostatistics All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - G. Sethuraman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
| | - S. Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi India
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Sharma VK, Nagao M, Rai DK, Mamontov E. Membrane softening by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs investigated by neutron spin echo. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:20211-20218. [PMID: 31486459 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In spite of their well-known side effects, the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most commonly prescribed medications for their antipyretic and anti-inflammatory actions. Interaction of NSAIDs with the plasma membrane plays a vital role in their therapeutic actions and defines many of their side effects. In the present study, we investigate the effects of three NSAIDs, aspirin, ibuprofen, and indomethacin, on the structure and dynamics of a model plasma membrane using a combination of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) and neutron spin echo (NSE) techniques. The SANS and NSE measurements were carried out on a 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) membrane, with and without NSAIDs, at two different temperatures, 11 °C and 37 °C, where the DMPC membrane is in the gel and fluid phase, respectively. SANS data analysis shows that incorporation of NSAIDs leads to bilayer thinning of the membrane in both the phases. The dynamic properties of the membrane are represented by the intermediate scattering functions for NSE data, which are successfully described by the Zilman and Granek model. NSE data analysis shows that in both gel and fluid phases, addition of NSAIDs results in a decrease in the bending rigidity and compressibility modulus of the membrane, which is more prominent when the membrane is in the gel phase. The magnitude of the effect of NSAIDs on the bending rigidity and compressibility modulus of the membrane in the gel phase follows an order of ibuprofen > aspirin > indomethacin, whereas in the fluid phase, it is in the order of aspirin > ibuprofen > indomethacin. We find that the interaction between NSAIDs and phospholipid membranes is strongly dependent on the chemical structure of the drugs and physical state of the membrane. Mechanical properties of the membrane can be quantified by the membrane's bending rigidity. Hence, the present study reveals that incorporation of NSAIDs modulates the mechanical properties of the membrane, which may affect several physiological processes, particularly those linked to the membrane curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Sector 12, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - P C Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Sector 12, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - J Ram
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Center, Sector 12, Post-Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yangzes
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S R Singh
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Ram
- Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Sharma VK, Rattan V, Rai S, Malhi P. Quality of life assessment in temporomandibular joint ankylosis patients after interpositional arthroplasty: a prospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 48:1448-1455. [PMID: 31109747 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis significantly impacts both physical and psychosocial patient wellbeing. A complete evaluation of treatment outcomes necessitates knowing the extent to which a patient's quality of life (QoL) is impacted. This study was performed to evaluate the impact of TMJ ankylosis on QoL in 25 TMJ ankylosis patients treated by interpositional arthroplasty. The patients completed OHIP-14 and UWQoL questionnaires once before and then at 3 months after the surgery. There was a significant improvement in mean cumulative scores for both questionnaires. With the exception of functional limitation, all OHIP domains showed significant improvement. Preoperatively, the worst scores were found in the psychological distress domain, followed by the social handicap, physical pain and physical disability domains. More than half of the subjects (56%) reported having suicidal thoughts. Amongst the individual UWQoL domains, appearance, chewing, anxiety (P < 0.01), recreation and mood (P < 0.05) showed improved scores. Appearance and chewing were the top ranked priority domains before and after surgery. No significant change was found in speech, taste, sleep, or breathing. Psychosocial factors were found to play a much bigger role than previously thought. The physical, psychological, and social factors were intricately related and dynamically interacted with each other. Surgical treatment produced a definitive QoL improvement in the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| | - V Rattan
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Rai
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - P Malhi
- Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
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Sood S, Agarwal SK, Singh R, Gupta S, Sharma VK. In vitro assessment of gentamicin and azithromycin-based combination therapy against Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates in India. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:555-559. [PMID: 30869583 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.000953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The public health burden of infections caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is magnified due to high rates of resistance to traditional antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of an alternative dual therapy comprising gentamicin and azithromycin. METHODOLOGY The E-test method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of gentamicin and azithromycin individually prior to testing in combination using the cross or 90o angle formation method. A total of 70 clinical isolates of N.gonorrhoeae displaying varying ceftriaxone MICs along with 2 reference strains (WHO K and P) and 1 ceftriaxone-resistant QA isolate were examined. The fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) was calculated and the results were interpreted using the following criteria: synergy, FICI ≤0.5; indifference or additive, FICI >0.5 to ≤4.0; and antagonism, FICI >4.0. RESULTS A total of 54 (77.1 %) isolates displayed indifference, while 16 (22.9 %) demonstrated synergy. When azithromycin was tested alone, the MICs ranged from 0.016 to 2 µg ml-1 . However, in combination with gentamicin, the mean MIC value of all isolates decreased from 0.275 µg ml-1 to 0.090 µg ml-1 (P=0.05).When gentamicin was tested alone, the MICs ranged from 0.25 to 8 µg ml-1, with a mean MIC of 4.342 µg ml-1, whereas in combination with azithromycin it decreased significantly to 2.042 µg ml-1 (P=0.04). CONCLUSION No antagonism was observed in this combination, suggesting that it could be a future treatment option as we prepare for a post-cephalosporin era. However, comprehensive in vivo evaluations are warranted and recommendations should be made based on clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sood
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Agarwal
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R Singh
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kumari R, Kumar P, Sharma VK, Kumar H. Seedling stage salt stress response specific characterization of genetic polymorphism and validation of SSR markers in rice. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2019; 25:407-419. [PMID: 30956424 PMCID: PMC6419694 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0623-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt tolerance status at early seedling stage in 30 rice varieties including two tolerant (Pokkali and CSR-36) and two susceptible (IR-29 and IR-64) checks was assessed under different levels of salinity (0, 4, 8 and 16 dS m-1) created by salt mixture of NaCl, CaCl2, Na2SO4 in 7:2:1 ratio. Overall salinity tolerance indices clearly reflected that 17 varieties including the two tolerant checks were highly tolerant, seven varieties exhibited moderately tolerant, whereas six varieties including the two susceptible checks had highly susceptible response to salt stress. Molecular profiling of 13 tolerant and 5 susceptible rice varieties by using 24 SSR markers revealed 8.5 alleles per primer with altogether 114 shared and 91 unique allelic variants. Considering the allele number, polymorphism information content and polymorphism percent, SSR primers RM 302, RM 8094, RM 10665, RM 10694, RM 10748 and RM 10825 appeared to be highly polymorphic and comparatively more informative. Hierarchical classification and spatial distribution patterns based on amplification profiles dependent similarity indices unambiguously discriminated these 18 varieties in accordance with their salt tolerance response. Sequential exclusion of primers in further analysis led to validation of RM 140, RM 1287, RM 3412, RM 10745, RM 10764 and RM 10772 for their efficiency to distinguish salt tolerant varieties from susceptible ones. A specific combination of either four (RM 1287, RM 3412, RM 10764 and RM 10772) or even two markers (RM 1287 and RM 3412) also seemed to be equally effective in discrimination of entries according to their salt stress responsiveness. Principal coordinate analysis completely corroborated hierarchical classification of the varieties. Salt tolerance donors identified and SSR primers validated in the present study may be further utilized in the development of salt stress tolerant varieties of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Kumari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 India
| | - Harsh Kumar
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa (Samastipur), Bihar 848125 India
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Dhakan DB, Maji A, Sharma AK, Saxena R, Pulikkan J, Grace T, Gomez A, Scaria J, Amato KR, Sharma VK. The unique composition of Indian gut microbiome, gene catalogue, and associated fecal metabolome deciphered using multi-omics approaches. Gigascience 2019; 8:giz004. [PMID: 30698687 PMCID: PMC6394208 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metagenomic studies carried out in the past decade have led to an enhanced understanding of the gut microbiome in human health; however, the Indian gut microbiome has not been well explored. We analyzed the gut microbiome of 110 healthy individuals from two distinct locations (North-Central and Southern) in India using multi-omics approaches, including 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing, and metabolomic profiling of fecal and serum samples. RESULTS The gene catalogue established in this study emphasizes the uniqueness of the Indian gut microbiome in comparison to other populations. The gut microbiome of the cohort from North-Central India, which was primarily consuming a plant-based diet, was found to be associated with Prevotella and also showed an enrichment of branched chain amino acid (BCAA) and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis pathways. In contrast, the gut microbiome of the cohort from Southern India, which was consuming an omnivorous diet, showed associations with Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Faecalibacterium and had an enrichment of short chain fatty acid biosynthesis pathway and BCAA transporters. This corroborated well with the metabolomics results, which showed higher concentration of BCAAs in the serum metabolome of the North-Central cohort and an association with Prevotella. In contrast, the concentration of BCAAs was found to be higher in the fecal metabolome of the Southern-India cohort and showed a positive correlation with the higher abundance of BCAA transporters. CONCLUSIONS The study reveals the unique composition of the Indian gut microbiome, establishes the Indian gut microbial gene catalogue, and compares it with the gut microbiome of other populations. The functional associations revealed using metagenomic and metabolomic approaches provide novel insights on the gut-microbe-metabolic axis, which will be useful for future epidemiological and translational researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Dhakan
- Metagenomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - A Maji
- Metagenomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Metagenomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - R Saxena
- Metagenomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
| | - J Pulikkan
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye Post, Kasargod, Kerala, 671316, India
| | - T Grace
- Department of Genomic Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye Post, Kasargod, Kerala, 671316, India
- Division of Biology, Kansas State University, 116 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, Kansas, KS 66506, USA
| | - A Gomez
- Microbiomics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, 1988 Fitch Avenue, Minnesota, MN 55108, USA
| | - J Scaria
- Animal Disease Research & Diagnostic Laboratory, Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota, SD 57007, USA
| | - K R Amato
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, 1810 Hinman Avenue, Evanston, Illinois, IL 60208, USA
| | - V K Sharma
- Metagenomics and Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhauri, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, India
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Gupta M, Sharma VK, Chaudhary BP. Design an operational amplifier as a building block of analog to digital converter in 350 nm technology. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02522667.2019.1587115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Gupta
- Bhagwant University, Ajmer 305004, Rajasthan, India
- Manav Rachna University, Faridabad 121004, Haryana, India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Bhagwant University, Ajmer 305004, Rajasthan, India,
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Sharma RK, Lohia S, Sharma VK, Kandpal PC, Balani K. Interfacial strengthening of polypropylene composites via bimodal porosity in Rice husk ash: Comparison with calcium carbonate reinforcement. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. K. Sharma
- Biomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur 208016 India
| | - S. Lohia
- Lohia Corporation Limited; Lohia Industrial Complex; Chaubepur, Kanpur 209 203 India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Lohia Corporation Limited; Lohia Industrial Complex; Chaubepur, Kanpur 209 203 India
| | - P. C. Kandpal
- Lohia Corporation Limited; Lohia Industrial Complex; Chaubepur, Kanpur 209 203 India
| | - K. Balani
- Biomaterials Processing and Characterization Laboratory, Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Technology; Kanpur 208016 India
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Singh P, Mukherjee D, Singha S, Sharma VK, Althagafi II, Ahmed SA, Mukhopadhyay R, Das R, Pal SK. Probing relaxation dynamics of a cationic lipid based non-viral carrier: a time-resolved fluorescence study. RSC Adv 2019; 9:35549-35558. [PMID: 35528090 PMCID: PMC9074709 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra06824d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid vesicles composed of cationic dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) and neutral 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) are promising non-viral carriers of nucleic acids for delivery into cells. Among them, higher cell transfection efficiency was displayed by DODAB-rich vesicles than those enriched with MO. Structural relaxation of these mixed lipid vesicles plays a key role in their cell transfection efficiency because structural organization of the DODAB-rich vesicles are different from that of the MO-rich vesicles. Polarization-gated anisotropy in conjunction with picosecond resolved emission transients of a novel fluorophore 6-acetyl-(2-((4-hydroxycyclohexyl)(methyl)amino)naphthalene) (ACYMAN) has been employed to probe relaxation dynamics in pure DODAB vesicles, and in mixed vesicles of DODAB with varying content of MO. Both orientational relaxation of ACYMAN and relaxation dynamics of its local environment are retarded significantly in mixed lipid vesicles with increasing MO content, from a mole fraction (χMO) of 0.2 to that of 0.8 which is consistent with increased rigidity of the MO-rich (χMO > 0.5) vesicles relative to the DODAB-rich (χMO < 0.5) vesicles. Therefore, higher structural rigidity of the MO-rich vesicles (χMO > 0.5) gives rise to their lower cell transfection efficiency than the more flexible DODAB-rich (χMO < 0.5) vesicles as observed in previous in vivo studies (Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Biomembr., 2014, 1838, 2555–2567). Lipid vesicles composed of cationic dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) and neutral 1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol (MO) are promising non-viral carriers of nucleic acids for delivery into cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
| | - Dipanjan Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
| | - Subhankar Singha
- Centre of Health Science &Technology
- JIS Institute of Advanced Studies
- Kolkata
- India
| | - V. K. Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Ismail I. Althagafi
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
- Umm Al-Qura University
- 21955 Makkah Al-Mokarramma
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Ahmed
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Applied Sciences
- Umm Al-Qura University
- 21955 Makkah Al-Mokarramma
- Saudi Arabia
| | - R. Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
- Mumbai 400085
- India
| | - Ranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry
- West Bengal State University
- Kolkata 700126
- India
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences
- Kolkata 700106
- India
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Dubey PS, Sharma VK, Srinivasan H, Mitra S, Sakai VG, Mukhopadhyay R. Effects of NSAIDs on the Dynamics and Phase Behavior of DODAB Bilayers. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:9962-9972. [PMID: 30351108 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b07093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite well-known side effects, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most prescribed drugs worldwide for their anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties. Here, we report the effects of two NSAIDs, aspirin and indomethacin, on the thermotropic phase behavior and the dynamics of a dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) lipid bilayer as studied using neutron scattering techniques. Elastic fixed window scans showed that the addition of aspirin and indomethacin affects the phase behavior of a DODAB bilayer in both heating and cooling cycles. Upon heating, there is a change in the coagel- to fluid-phase transition temperature from 327 K for pure DODAB bilayer to 321 and 323 K in the presence of aspirin and indomethacin, respectively. More strikingly, upon cooling, the addition of NSAIDs suppresses the formation of the intermediate gel phase observed in pure DODAB. The suppression of the gel phase on addition of the NSAIDs evidences the synchronous ordering of a lipid headgroup and chain. Analysis of quasi-elastic neutron scattering data showed that only localized internal motion exists in the coagel phase, whereas both internal and lateral motions exist in the fluid phase. The internal motion is described by a fractional uniaxial rotational diffusion model in the coagel phase and by a localized translation diffusion model in the fluid phase. In the coagel phase, the rotational diffusion coefficient of DODAB is found to be almost twice for the addition of the drugs, whereas the mobility fraction did not change for indomethacin but becomes twice for aspirin. In the fluid phase, the lateral motion, described well by a continuous diffusion model, is found to be slower by about ∼30% for indomethacin but almost no change for aspirin. For the internal motion, addition of aspirin leads to enhancement of the internal motion, whereas indomethacin did not show significant effect. This study shows that the effect of different NSAIDs on the dynamics of the lipid membrane is not the same; hence, one must consider these NSAIDs individually while studying their action mechanism on the cell membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Dubey
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
| | - V García Sakai
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Facility, Science and Technology Facilities Council , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot OX11 0QX , U.K
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division , Bhabha Atomic Research Centre , Mumbai 400085 , India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute , Anushaktinagar , Mumbai 400094 , India
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Yenamandra VK, Shamsudheen KV, Madhumita RC, Rijith J, Ankit V, Scaria V, Sridhar S, Kabra M, Sharma VK, Sethuraman G. Autosomal recessive epidermolysis bullosa simplex: report of three cases from India. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 42:800-803. [PMID: 28925504 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V K Yenamandra
- Departments of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - K V Shamsudheen
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR, New Delhi, India
| | - R C Madhumita
- Departments of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - J Rijith
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - V Ankit
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India
| | - V Scaria
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sridhar
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR, New Delhi, India
| | - M Kabra
- Departments of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Departments of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - G Sethuraman
- Departments of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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Singh P, Choudhury S, Sharma VK, Mitra S, Mukhopadhyay R, Das R, Pal SK. Modulation of Solvation and Molecular Recognition of a Lipid Bilayer under Dynamical Phase Transition. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2709-2716. [PMID: 30030893 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is well accepted in contemporary biology that an ∼30 Å thick lipid bilayer film around living cells is a matter of life and death as the film typically delimits the environments that serve as a crucial margin. The dynamic organization of lipid molecules both across the lipid bilayer and in the lateral dimension are known to be crucial for cellular transport and molecular recognition by important biological macromolecules. Here, we study dilute (20 mM) Dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB) vesicles at different temperatures in aqueous dispersion with well-defined phases namely liquid crystalline, gel and subgel. The spectroscopic studies on two fluorescent probes 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid ammonium salt (ANS) and Coumarin 500 (C500), former in the head group region of the lipid-water interface and later located deeper in the lipid bilayer follow dynamics (solvation and fluidity) of their local environments in the vesicles. Binding of an anti-tuberculosis drug rifampicin has also been studied employing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique. The molecular insight concerning the effect of dynamical organization of the lipid molecules on the local dynamics of aqueous environments in different phases leading to molecular recognition becomes evident in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - Susobhan Choudhury
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Ranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126
| | - Samir Kumar Pal
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block JD, Sector III, SaltLake, Kolkata, 700 106, India
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48
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Kumar P, Sethi S, Sharma RR, Singh S, Saha S, Sharma VK, Verma MK, Sharma SK. Nutritional characterization of apple as a function of genotype. J Food Sci Technol 2018; 55:2729-2738. [PMID: 30042589 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Twenty two apple cultivars grown in Himachal Pradesh, India were harvested at commercial maturity and analysed for different physical (fruit weight, fruit dimensions, firmness, color) and nutritional attributes (ascorbic acid, antioxidant activity, total carotenoid, sugars, organic acids, phenolic compounds and minerals). Cultivar 'Oregon Spur II' was found to have maximum fruit size and weight while the least was observed for cultivar 'Starkrimson'. Quantitative differences were found in the nutritional profile among the cultivars with respect to all the above attributes. The ascorbic acid content ranged between 19.38 mg 100 g-1 ('Well Spur') and 32.08 mg 100 g-1 ('Starkrimson') while the antioxidant activity varied between 2.64 μmol Trolox equivalent g-1 ('Granny Smith') and 13.20 μmol Trolox equivalent g-1 ('Silver Spur'). The highest total carotenoid was found in 'Red Chief' (147.06 mg kg-1) while in 'Early Red-I' the total carotenoid was only 29.03 mg kg-1. HPLC analysis for individual sugars, organic acids and phenolic compounds was carried out. Fructose (average 50.79 g L-1) was the most abundant sugar. Malic acid (average 6.03 mg L-1) predominated among the individual organic acids. Potassium (average 795.14 mg 100 g-1) and iron (average 2.04 µg g-1) were the predominant macro and micro elements, respectively. Chlorogenic acid was the major constituent among phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpendra Kumar
- 1Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Shruti Sethi
- 1Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - R R Sharma
- 1Division of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Surender Singh
- 2Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - Supradip Saha
- 3Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - V K Sharma
- 4Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
| | - M K Verma
- 5Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012 India
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Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) are a special class of low-temperature (typically < 100 °C) molten salts, which have huge upsurge interest in the field of chemical synthesis, catalysis, electrochemistry, pharmacology, and biotechnology, mainly due to their highly tunable nature and exceptional properties. However, practical uses of ILs are restricted mainly due to their adverse actions on organisms. Understanding interactions of ILs with biomembrane is prerequisite to assimilate the actions of these ionic compounds on the organism. Here, we review different biophysical methods to characterize interactions between ILs and phospholipid membrane, a model biomembrane. All these studies indicate that ILs interact profoundly with the lipid bilayer and modulate the structure, microscopic dynamics, and phase behavior of the membrane, which could be the fundamental cause of the observed toxicity of ILs. Effects of ILs on the membrane are found to be strongly dependent on the lipophilicity of the IL and are found to increase with the alkyl chain length of IL. This can be correlated with the observed higher toxicity of IL with the longer alkyl chain length. These informations would be useful to tune the toxicity of IL which is required in designing environment-friendly nontoxic solvents of the so-called green chemistry for various practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
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50
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Tan BYQ, Ngiam NJ, Sunny S, Kong WY, Sharma VK. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic incompetence. QJM 2018; 111:135-136. [PMID: 29088448 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcx202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Y-Q Tan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - N J Ngiam
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - S Sunny
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - W-Y Kong
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - V K Sharma
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, National University Health System, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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