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Rahim K, Nawaz MN, Almehmadi M, Alsuwat MA, Liu L, Yu C, Khan SS. Public health implications of antibiotic resistance in sewage water: an epidemiological perspective. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:91. [PMID: 39340706 PMCID: PMC11438758 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00807-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic resistance pose a major threat to global health, attributing to misuse and overuse of antibiotics resulting in antibiotics-resistant bacteria through natural mutation or transfer of resistance genes. A cross-sectional study was carried out, in which a total of 36 samples were systematically collected; of these, 26 were derived from the wastewater efflux and 10 from the receiving waters at several critical junctures along the Sutlej River. Herein, this study elucidated elevated levels of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates sourced from urban wastewater. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the highest at 90% among the isolates, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) at 58%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) at 55%, and Salmonella spp. at 53%. Many antibiotics were found to be more resistant including Ciproflaxacin, Co-Trimaxazole, Ampicillin and Tetracycline. Several antibiotic-resistance genes were found in isolated bacterial spp., such as Aminoglycosides (aadA), Sulfonamides (Sul1, Sul3), Tetracyclines (Tet (A/B/D)) and Cephalosporins (Bla_CTM X) at 41%, 35%, 29% and 12% respectively. Furthermore, the development of innovative wastewater treatment models and surveillance programs are crucial to counteract the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. To investigate the genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, molecular analysis was performed, including DNA isolation, PCR amplification, and sequence analysis. The study helps investigate a diverse range of ARBs and ARGs in wastewater, which highlights the need of better laws for antibiotic usage and wastewater treatment processes. This investigation also stresses on regular monitoring of ARBs and ARGs in sewage wastewater. Through proactive interventions and sustained scientific inquiry, we can strive toward preserving environmental integrity and public health for successive generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Rahim
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Muhammad Naveed Nawaz
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari A Alsuwat
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luo Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Changyuan Yu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shahin Shah Khan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Saygin H, Tilkili B, Kayisoglu P, Baysal A. Oxidative stress, biofilm-formation and activity responses of P. aeruginosa to microplastic-treated sediments: Effect of temperature and sediment type. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118349. [PMID: 38309565 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and plastic pollution are the big environmental problems that the environment and humanity have faced in the past and will face in many decades to come. Sediments are affected by many pollutants and conditions, and the behaviors of microorganisms in environment may be influenced due to changes in sediments. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the differential effects of various microplastics and temperature on different sediments through the metabolic and oxidative responses of gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sediments collected from various fields including beaches, deep-sea discharge, and marine industrial areas. Each sediment was extracted and then treated with various microplastics under different temperature (-18, +4, +20 and 35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed sediment samples were incubated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to test bacterial activity, biofilm, and oxidative characteristics. The results showed that both the activity and the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased with the temperature of microplastic treatment in the experimental setups at the rates between an average of 2-39 % and 5-27 %, respectively. The highest levels of bacterial activity and biofilm formation were mainly observed in the beach area (average rate +25 %) and marine industrial (average rate +19 %) sediments with microplastic contamination, respectively. Moreover, oxidative characteristics significantly linked the bacterial activities and biofilm formation. The oxidative indicators of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that catalase and glutathione reductase were more influenced by microplastic contamination of various sediments than superoxide dismutase activities. For instance, catalase and glutathione reductase activities were changed between -37 and +169 % and +137 to +144 %, respectively; however, the superoxide dismutase increased at a rate between +1 and + 21 %. This study confirmed that global warming as a consequence of climate change might influence the effect of microplastic on sediments regarding bacterial biochemical responses and oxidation characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Saygin
- Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Batuhan Tilkili
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kayisoglu
- Deptment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- Deptment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Serretiello E, Manente R, Dell’Annunziata F, Folliero V, Iervolino D, Casolaro V, Perrella A, Santoro E, Galdiero M, Capunzo M, Franci G, Boccia G. Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1918. [PMID: 37630478 PMCID: PMC10458743 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a major Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen causing several serious acute and chronic infections in the nosocomial and community settings. PA eradication has become increasingly difficult due to its remarkable ability to evade antibiotics. Therefore, epidemiological studies are needed to limit the infection and aim for the correct treatment. The present retrospective study focused on PA presence among samples collected at the San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D'Aragona University Hospital in Salerno, Italy; its resistance profile and relative variations over the eight years were analyzed. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by VITEK® 2. In the 2015-2019 and 2020-2022 timeframes, respectively, 1739 and 1307 isolates of PA were obtained from respiratory samples, wound swabs, urine cultures, cultural swabs, blood, liquor, catheter cultures, vaginal swabs, and others. During 2015-2019, PA strains exhibited low resistance against amikacin (17.2%), gentamicin (25.2%), and cefepime (28.3%); moderate resistance against ceftazidime (34.4%), imipenem (34.6%), and piperacillin/tazobactam (37.7%); and high resistance against ciprofloxacin (42.4%) and levofloxacin (50.6%). Conversely, during the 2020-2022 era, PA showed 11.7, 21.1, 26.9, 32.6, 33.1, 38.7, and 39.8% resistance to amikacin, tobramycin, cefepime, imipenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and piperacillin/tazobactam, respectively. An overall resistance-decreasing trend was observed for imipenem and gentamicin during 2015-2019. Instead, a significant increase in resistance was recorded for cefepime, ceftazidime, and imipenem in the second set of years investigated. Monitoring sentinel germs represents a key factor in optimizing empirical therapy to minimize the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Serretiello
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (E.S.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Roberta Manente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (F.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Federica Dell’Annunziata
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (F.D.); (M.G.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Veronica Folliero
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Domenico Iervolino
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Alessandro Perrella
- Division Emerging Infectious Disease and High Contagiousness, Hospital D Cotugno, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Santoro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Massimiliano Galdiero
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (F.D.); (M.G.)
| | - Mario Capunzo
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (E.S.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Gianluigi Franci
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (E.S.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
| | - Giovanni Boccia
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (E.S.); (M.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy; (V.F.); (V.C.); (E.S.)
- UOC Hospital and Epidemiological Hygiene, San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi D’Aragona University Hospital, 84131 Salerno, Italy
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Darvishi S, Tavakoli S, Kharaziha M, Girault HH, Kaminski CF, Mela I. Advances in the Sensing and Treatment of Wound Biofilms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202112218. [PMID: 34806284 PMCID: PMC9303468 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Wound biofilms represent a particularly challenging problem in modern medicine. They are increasingly antibiotic resistant and can prevent the healing of chronic wounds. However, current treatment and diagnostic options are hampered by the complexity of the biofilm environment. In this review, we present new chemical avenues in biofilm sensors and new materials to treat wound biofilms, offering promise for better detection, chemical specificity, and biocompatibility. We briefly discuss existing methods for biofilm detection and focus on novel, sensor-based approaches that show promise for early, accurate detection of biofilm formation on wound sites and that can be translated to point-of-care settings. We then discuss technologies inspired by new materials for efficient biofilm eradication. We focus on ultrasound-induced microbubbles and nanomaterials that can both penetrate the biofilm and simultaneously carry active antimicrobials and discuss the benefits of those approaches in comparison to conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorour Darvishi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1951SionSwitzerland
| | - Shima Tavakoli
- Department of Chemistry-Ångstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE75121UppsalaSweden
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials EngineeringIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan84156-83111Iran
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1951SionSwitzerland
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
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Darvishi S, Tavakoli S, Kharaziha M, Girault HH, Kaminski CF, Mela I. Advances in the Sensing and Treatment of Wound Biofilms. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202112218. [PMID: 38505642 PMCID: PMC10946914 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Wound biofilms represent a particularly challenging problem in modern medicine. They are increasingly antibiotic resistant and can prevent the healing of chronic wounds. However, current treatment and diagnostic options are hampered by the complexity of the biofilm environment. In this review, we present new chemical avenues in biofilm sensors and new materials to treat wound biofilms, offering promise for better detection, chemical specificity, and biocompatibility. We briefly discuss existing methods for biofilm detection and focus on novel, sensor-based approaches that show promise for early, accurate detection of biofilm formation on wound sites and that can be translated to point-of-care settings. We then discuss technologies inspired by new materials for efficient biofilm eradication. We focus on ultrasound-induced microbubbles and nanomaterials that can both penetrate the biofilm and simultaneously carry active antimicrobials and discuss the benefits of those approaches in comparison to conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorour Darvishi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1951SionSwitzerland
| | - Shima Tavakoli
- Department of Chemistry-Ångstrom LaboratoryUppsala UniversitySE75121UppsalaSweden
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials EngineeringIsfahan University of TechnologyIsfahan84156-83111Iran
| | - Hubert H. Girault
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1951SionSwitzerland
| | - Clemens F. Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyUniversity of CambridgePhilippa Fawcett DriveCambridgeCB3 0ASUK
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Abstract
Microbes are hardly seen as planktonic species and are most commonly found as biofilm communities in cases of chronic infections. Biofilms are regarded as a biological condition, where a large group of microorganisms gets adhered to a biotic or abiotic surface. In this context, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen is the main causative organism responsible for life-threatening and persistent infections in individuals affected with cystic fibrosis and other lung ailments. The bacteria can form a strong biofilm structure when it adheres to a surface suitable for the development of a biofilm matrix. These bacterial biofilms pose higher natural resistance to conventional antibiotic therapy due to their multiple tolerance mechanisms. This prevailing condition has led to an increasing rate of treatment failures associated with P. aeruginosa biofilm infections. A better understanding of the effect of a diverse group of antibiotics on established biofilms would be necessary to avoid inappropriate treatment strategies. Hence, the search for other alternative strategies as effective biofilm treatment options has become a growing area of research. The current review aims to give an overview of the mechanisms governing biofilm formation and the different strategies employed so far in the control of biofilm infections caused by P. aeruginosa. Moreover, this review can also help researchers to search for new antibiofilm agents to tackle the effect of biofilm infections that are currently imprudent to conventional antibiotics.
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Tahmasebi H, Dehbashi S, Arabestani MR. Prevalence and Molecular Typing of Colistin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) Among β-Lactamase-Producing Isolates: A Study Based on High-Resolution Melting Curve Analysis Method. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:2943-2955. [PMID: 32922046 PMCID: PMC7457805 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s264796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The frequency and production of β-lactamase enzymes may be different in colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) strains compared to susceptible strains. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between colistin resistance and β-lactamase enzymes in different Sequence Types (ST) of P. aeruginosa. Methods A total of 101 P. aeruginosa isolates were collected from different samples. The antimicrobial susceptibilities of the bacterial isolates were examined by disk diffusion and MIC E-test methods. Also, real-time PCR and high-resolution melting curve analysis (HRMA) assay were performed to detect the resistance genes. Results Out of the 101 P. aeruginosa isolates, four isolates (3.96%) were resistant to colistin. Also, 39 isolates (38.61%) were considered as MDR, and eight isolates (7.92%) were considered as XDR. Further, 25 (24.75%) and 26 isolates (25.74%) were produced ESBL and carbapenemase enzymes, respectively. According to HRMA results, four isolates (3.96%) were positive for pmrA, three isolates (2.97%) were positive for mcr-1, 25 isolates (24.75%) were positive for blaTEM, 24 isolates (23.76%) were positive for blaSHV, 26 isolates (25.75%) were positive for blaKPC, and 23 isolates (22.77%) were positive for blaIMP genes. Furthermore, ST108 and ST250 showed the highest distribution in P. aeruginosa isolates. Also, ST217, ST1078, and ST3340 were reported as novel types in CRPA strains. Conclusion Concerns about the prevalence of CRPA strains should be taken seriously. Also, our results showed that the mcr-1 gene plays a vital role in the distribution of ESBL and KPC-producing P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Tahmasebi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dehbashi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Nutrition Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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