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Chelgerdi Dehkordi B, Karimi-Dehkordi M, Khamesipour F. Induction of apoptosis by hydroalcoholic and methanolic extract of Deracocephalum kotschyi on Trichomonas vaginalis. J Parasit Dis 2022; 46:686-694. [PMID: 36091285 PMCID: PMC9458835 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-022-01482-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis (T.vaginalis) causes trichomoniasis, a sexually transmitted infection. Dracocephalum kotschyi (D. kotschyi) belongs to the family of Labiatae. Its antispasmodic and analgesic properties are well known in Iran. This work aimed to look into the antitrichomonal activity of D. kotschyi extracts against T. vaginalis in vitro. D. kotschyi was gathered in Isfahan Province, Iran, and extracts were prepared and isolated. Later, T. vaginalis trophozoites obtained from Iran, which are metronidazole-sensitive, were incubated with various doses of extracts. Cell viability was used to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and percentage of growth inhibition (GI%). Cytotoxicity of the extracts was determined by MTT assay on the J774.A1 cell line. The effect of extracts during the initial stage of apoptosis was assayed using the fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I (BD Pharmingen™). Compared to MTZ, extracts generated more efficient lysis on T. vaginalis trophozoites. Evaluation of the in vitro anti trichomonal properties of D. kotschyi essential extracts shows that it effectively induces apoptosis on T. vaginalis between 100 and 500 µg/ml after 48 h without toxicity on hematopoietic cells. According to this study, D. kotschyi extracts induce programmed death in T. vaginalis. The extracts of D. kotschyi can be used to develop antitrichomonal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Karimi-Dehkordi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Faham Khamesipour
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
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Liu D, He XQ, Wu DT, Li HB, Feng YB, Zou L, Gan RY. Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4202-4220. [PMID: 35348337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is rich in many bioactive compounds and exhibits diverse health functions, of which an understanding can be helpful for its better utilization in the food industry. This review mainly summarizes recent studies about the bioactive compounds and health functions of elderberry, highlighting the potential mechanism of action. In addition, the applications of elderberry in foods are also discussed. Elderberry contains diversely bioactive ingredients, such as (poly)phenolic compounds and terpenoid compounds. Recent studies report that some food processing methods can affect the content of bioactive compounds in elderberry. Additionally, elderberry exhibits various health functions in vitro and in vivo, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-influenza, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, cardiovascular protective, and neuroprotective activities, and their potential molecular mechanisms are associated with regulating some key signaling pathways and molecular targets. Up to now, there have been limited clinical trials supporting the health benefits of elderberry. Overall, elderberry is a promising dietary source of bioactive ingredients and has the potential to be developed into functional foods or nutraceuticals for preventing and treating certain chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin He
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
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