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Wu ZL, Yang X, Zhang J, Wang W, Liu D, Hou B, Bai T, Zhang R, Zhang Y, Liu H, Hu H, Xia Y. Effects of forage type on the rumen microbiota, growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality in fattening goats. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1147685. [PMID: 37180069 PMCID: PMC10172669 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1147685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Forages fed to goats influence ruminal microbiota, and further contribute to affect growth performance, meat quality and its nutritional composition. Our objective for current study was to investigate the effects of different forages on growth performance, carcass traits, meat nutritional composition, rumen microflora, and the relationships between key bacteria and amino acids and fatty acids in the longissimus dorsi and semimembranosus muscles of goats. Boer crossbred goats were separately fed commercial concentrate diet supplemented with Hemarthria altissima (HA), Pennisetum sinese (PS), or forage maize (FG), and then slaughtered 90 days after the beginning of the experiment. Growth performances did not vary but carcass traits of dressing percentage, semi-eviscerated slaughter percentage, and eviscerated slaughter percentage displayed significant difference with the treatment studied. Meats from goats fed forage maize, especially semimembranosus muscles are rich in essential amino acids, as well as an increase in the amount of beneficial fatty acids. Our 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were the most dominant phyla in all groups but different in relative abundance. Further, the taxonomic analysis and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) identified the specific taxa that were differentially represented among three forage treatments. The spearman's correlation analysis showed that rumen microbiota was significantly associated with the goat meat nutritional composition, and more significant positive correlations were identified in semimembranosus muscles when compared with longissimus dorsi muscles. More specifically, the lipid metabolism-related bacteria Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group showed positively correlated with meat amino acid profile, while genera Oscillospiraceae_UCG-005 were positively correlated with fatty acid composition. These bacteria genera might have the potential to improve nutritional value and meat quality. Collectively, our results showed that different forages alter the carcass traits, meat nutritional composition, and rumen microflora in fattening goats, and forage maize induced an improvement in its nutritional value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou-lin Wu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dayu Liu
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Hou
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Bai
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hanyang Liu
- Chengdu Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwen Hu
- Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
| | - Yunhong Xia
- Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, China
- *Correspondence: Yunhong Xia,
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Mwangi FW, Savage D, Gardiner CP, Charmley E, Malau-Aduli BS, Kinobe RT, Malau-Aduli AEO. Feedlot growth performance and carcass characteristics of steers backgrounded on buffel grass or buffel-Desmanthus mixed pastures. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:898325. [PMID: 36268043 PMCID: PMC9577290 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.898325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of tropical beef steers backgrounded on buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris) only or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus (Desmanthus spp. ; 11.5% initial sward botanical composition) were evaluated. It was hypothesized that tropical beef cattle steers backgrounded on buffel grass only or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus with similar backgrounding growth performance will not differ in feedlot growth performance and carcass quality. Three hundred and twelve Bos indicus × Bos taurus tropical composite steers, 20-23 months old and weighing 413 ± 24 kg, previously backgrounded on buffel grass only or buffel-desmanthus mixed pastures for 147 days were finished on a concentrate diet in the feedlot for 110 days before slaughter. Buffel-desmanthus backgrounded steers had a slightly higher average daily gain (ADG; 1.8 kg/day) than the buffel grass backgrounded steers that had 1.7 kg/day ADG (p < 0.01). However, the final live weight and dry matter intake were not different (p ≥ 0.59). All the carcass traits measured were not different (p ≥ 0.18). Only 4% buffel grass and 8% buffel-desmanthus backgrounded steers fell short of the Meat Standards Australia (MSA) index, a level that is within the 4-9% reported for cattle produced in Queensland and slaughtered between July 2019 and June 2020. These findings indicate that desmanthus can be used to background beef cattle in northern Australia vertosol soil regions, where there is a paucity of adapted pasture legumes, with no negative impact on feedlot performance and carcass quality. The hypothesis that tropical beef cattle steers backgrounded on buffel grass only pastures or buffel grass oversown with desmanthus with similar backgrounding growth performance will have similar feedlot growth performance and carcass quality was accepted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista Waithira Mwangi
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Darryl Savage
- North Australian Pastoral Company, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Christopher Peter Gardiner
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Edward Charmley
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag Aitkenvale, Australian Tropical Sciences and Innovation Precinct, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Bunmi Sherifat Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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Kim HJ, Kim HJ, Kim KW, Lee J, Lee SH, Lee SS, Choi BH, Shin DJ, Jeon KH, Choi JY, Jang A. Effect of Feeding Alfalfa and Concentrate on Meat Quality and Bioactive Compounds in Korean Native Black Goat Loin during Storage at 4°C. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:517-535. [PMID: 35611072 PMCID: PMC9108953 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding alfalfa: Concentrate at different ratios (8:2 or 2:8) to Korean native black goats (KNBG) for 90 days on meat quality and bioactive compound content. Feeding KNBG alfalfa and concentrate at different ratios did not impact meat pH, color, microorganism composition, volatile basic nitrogen levels, or lipid oxidation. The low alfalfa (KLA) group exhibited increased oleic acid and monosaturated fatty acid levels, both of which impact the palatability traits of meat. The abundance of bioactive compounds increased in the loin meat of the KLA group, leading to an increase in antioxidant activities. Our results suggest that feeding alfalfa and concentrate at a 2:8 ratio to KNBG can increase taste-related fatty acids and bioactive compounds in loin meat, relative to that achieved by feeding at an 8:2 ratio. Further investigation is required to evaluate the quality and the metabolites of bioactive compounds in KNBG meat and the effect of the different dietary ratios of forage and concentrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Jin Kim
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Poultry Research Institute, National
Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang 25342, Korea
| | - Kwan-Woo Kim
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang 50000, Korea
| | - Jinwook Lee
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang 50000, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Grassland and Forages Division, National
Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration,
Cheonan 30801, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Lee
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang 50000, Korea
| | - Bong-Hwan Choi
- Animal Genetic Resources Research Center,
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development
Administration, Hamyang 50000, Korea
| | - Dong-Jin Shin
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jeon
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea
Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Division of Food Science and
Culinary Arts, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu 11644,
Korea
| | - Aera Jang
- Department of Applied Animal Science,
Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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Mwangi FW, Blignaut DJC, Charmley E, Gardiner CP, Malau-Aduli BS, Kinobe RT, Malau-Aduli AEO. Lipid Metabolism, Carcass Characteristics and Longissimus dorsi Muscle Fatty Acid Composition of Tropical Crossbred Beef Cattle in Response to Desmanthus spp. Forage Backgrounding. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120804. [PMID: 34940562 PMCID: PMC8707823 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism, carcass characteristics and fatty acid (FA) composition of the Longissimus dorsi (loin eye) muscle were evaluated in tropical crossbred steers backgrounded on Desmanthus spp. (desmanthus) with or without feedlot finishing. It was hypothesized that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce carcasses with similar characteristics and FA composition. Forty-eight Brahman, Charbray and Droughtmaster crossbred beef steers were backgrounded for 140 days on Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay augmented with 0, 15, 30 or 45 percent desmanthus on dry matter basis. Lucerne (Medicago sativa) hay was added to the 0, 15 and 30 percent desmanthus diets to ensure that they were isonitrogenous with the 45 percent desmanthus diet. After backgrounding, the two heaviest steers in each pen were slaughtered and the rest were finished in the feedlot for 95 days before slaughter. Muscle biopsy samples were taken at the beginning and end of the backgrounding phase. Carcasses were sampled at slaughter for intramuscular fat (IMF) content, fat melting point (FMP) and FA composition analyses. Increasing the proportion of desmanthus in the diet led to a linear increase in docosanoic acid (p = 0.04) and omega-6/omega-3 polyunsaturated FA ratio (n-6/n-3 PUFA; p = 0.01), while docosahexaenoic acid decreased linearly (p = 0.01). Feedlot finishing increased hot carcass weight, subcutaneous fat depth at the P8 site and dressing percentage (p ≤ 0.04). The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was within the recommended < 5 for human diets. IMF was within the consumer-preferred ≥3% level for palatability. The hypothesis that steers backgrounded on isonitrogenous diets augmented with incremental proportions of desmanthus will produce similar carcass characteristics and FA composition was accepted. These findings indicate that a combination of tropical beef cattle backgrounding on desmanthus augmented forage and short-term feedlot finishing produces healthy and highly palatable meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felista W. Mwangi
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (D.J.C.B.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - David J. C. Blignaut
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (D.J.C.B.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Edward Charmley
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Mail Bag Aitkenvale, Australian Tropical Sciences and Innovation Precinct, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Christopher P. Gardiner
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (D.J.C.B.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Robert T. Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (D.J.C.B.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Aduli E. O. Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (F.W.M.); (D.J.C.B.); (C.P.G.); (R.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-747-815-339
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Teixeira A, Ferreira I, Pereira E, Vasconcelos L, Leite A, Rodrigues S. Physicochemical Composition and Sensory Quality of Goat Meat Burgers. Effect of Fat Source. Foods 2021; 10:1824. [PMID: 34441600 PMCID: PMC8391382 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several strategies for producing healthier meat products have been developed. Reducing fat content, using different fat sources, modifying and improving the fatty acid profile or even replacing saturated fat with oleogels are some of the methods used. Goat meat mainly from animals out of quality brands with low commercial value can be valorized when processed, giving the opportunity to increase its consumption and acceptability. Thus, the aim of this study was to study the effect of the replacement of pork as a source of fat with an olive oleogel in burgers manufactured with goat meat and to compare the goat meat burgers with the most common commercial burgers made with beef. Two replications of the burgers were manufactured at different times, and three samples of each burger type (GOO-goat meat burgers with olive oil; GPF-goat meat burgers with pork fat) were randomly selected from each lot manufactured. Each sample was analyzed in triplicate for each physicochemical analysis. At the time, the manufactured burgers were analyzed simultaneously with the commercial burgers. The burgers with olive oil (GOO) showed higher a* and b* than the burgers with pork fat (GPF) and consequently had lower h° and C*. The ashes, protein and collagen contents of the GOO and GPF burgers were similar to those of the other goat meat products. The effect of the incorporation of oleogel on the physicochemical composition of the burgers in relation to the pork fat was expressed in the fat content, 4 and 2.78% for GOO and GPF, respectively. CH burgers have significantly higher fat content (13.45%) than GOO and GPF burgers. The replacement of pork backfat with a vegetable oleogel modified the fatty acids profile, since the GOO burgers had the highest MUFA and PUFA and the lipidic quality, defined by the IA and IT indices, was 0.38 and 0.99, respectively. Globally, goat burgers were sensorially harder and presented a more difficult chewiness than CH. The replacement of the pork back fat with oleogel significantly decreased hardness and chewiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Teixeira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia Apt, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (I.F.); (L.V.); (A.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Iasmin Ferreira
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia Apt, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (I.F.); (L.V.); (A.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Etelvina Pereira
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Lia Vasconcelos
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia Apt, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (I.F.); (L.V.); (A.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Ana Leite
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia Apt, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (I.F.); (L.V.); (A.L.); (S.R.)
| | - Sandra Rodrigues
- Mountain Research Centre (CIMO), Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Sta Apolónia Apt, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (I.F.); (L.V.); (A.L.); (S.R.)
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Popova T, Tejeda L, Peñarrieta JM, Smith MA, Bush RD, Hopkins DL. Meat of South American camelids - Sensory quality and nutritional composition. Meat Sci 2020; 171:108285. [PMID: 32892087 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Meat contains a range of nutrients in a highly bioavailable form and when meat is excluded from the diet, without being replaced with suitable alternatives, nutrient deficiencies may occur. For this reason, it is very important to extend our knowledge of nutrients in alternative red meats, such as that provided from the South American camelids- llama and alpaca. This review summarises the current information on the nutritional and sensory parameters of llama and alpaca meat and factors affecting quality. South American camelids produce lean carcases, with an uneven fat distribution across the carcase. Llama and alpaca meat quality traits are mostly influenced by animal nutrition, animal age and processing methods. A feeding strategy based on pasture and hay supplement of barley and alfalfa, and processing younger animals (18 months) has improved the fatty acid composition respectively in llama and alpaca meat, whereas meat colour and tenderness are influenced by processing treatments including electrical stimulation, tenderstretching and enzymatic infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Popova
- Agricultural Academy, Institute of Animal Science-Kostinbrod, 2232 Kostinbrod, Bulgaria.
| | - Leslie Tejeda
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Natural Sciences, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), La Paz, Bolivia
| | - J Mauricio Peñarrieta
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Natural Sciences, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Melanie A Smith
- The University of Sydney, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Russell D Bush
- The University of Sydney, School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - David L Hopkins
- NSW Department of Primary Industries, Centre for Red Meat and Sheep Development, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia
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Hwang YH, Bakhsh A, Lee JG, Joo ST. Differences in Muscle Fiber Characteristics and Meat Quality by Muscle Type and Age of Korean Native Black Goat. Food Sci Anim Resour 2019; 39:988-999. [PMID: 31950114 PMCID: PMC6949526 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2019.e92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between muscle fiber characteristics and meat
quality traits by age of Korean native black goat (KNBG), four muscles
(longissimus dorsi, LD; psoas major, PM;
semimembranosus, SM; gluteus medius, GM)
were obtained from five adult goat (AG; 18 months old) and five young goat (YG;
9 months old). PM muscle had the highest fiber number percentage (FNP) and fiber
area percentage (FAP) of type I, followed by SM, GM, and LD muscles. FNP and FAP
of type IIB were significantly (p<0.001) higher in AG than those in YG.
YG had higher L* values but lower b* values than AG. The highest L* and b*
values were observed in LD muscle (p<0.001). Age and muscle type had
detrimental (p<0.001) effect on shear force and collagen content for all
muscle in AG as compared to YG. YG had significantly (p<0.001) higher
myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) than AG for all four muscles. These
results suggest that muscle fiber compositions of different muscle types of KNBG
depend on age, resulting in variations of meat color, MFI, collagen content, and
shear force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hwa Hwang
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Allah Bakhsh
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Jung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
| | - Seon-Tea Joo
- Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea.,Division of Applied Life Science (BK21+), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea.,Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52852, Korea
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Effect of Slaughter Age on Muscle Fiber Composition, Intramuscular Connective Tissue, and Tenderness of Goat Meat during Post-Mortem Time. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110571. [PMID: 31766278 PMCID: PMC6915587 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of slaughter age and post-mortem time on meat quality traits, tenderness, histochemical analyses, and perimysium thickness in the longissimus thoracis (LT) muscle of the Korean native black goat (KNBG) maintained at 4 °C for up to 21 days post mortem. Samples of LT muscle were obtained from the carcasses of 24 KNBGs, including old and young goats (AG, n = 12, 18 months of age; YG, n = 12, 9 months of age), to measure all analyses during 21 days of post-mortem time. AGs had a higher percentage of type I fiber but a lower percentage of type IIA fiber than YGs (p < 0.05). AGs had higher a* value, lower released water (RW) %, and higher Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) value than YGs (p < 0.05). The perimysium thickness (PMT) of AGs was also higher than that of YGs (p < 0.05). Although the PMT did not change during post-mortem period, the WBSF value of AGs was higher than that of YGs after 21 days post mortem (p < 0.05). The results imply that AGs are tougher than YGs due to their muscle fiber characteristics and thicker perimysium.
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Tahuk PK, Bira GF. Carcass and meat characteristics of male Kacang goat fattened by complete silage. Vet World 2019; 13:706-715. [PMID: 32546915 PMCID: PMC7245717 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.706-715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the carcass and meat characteristics of male Kacang goat fattened by complete silage made from natural grass, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Pennisetum purpureum. Materials and Methods: This study examined 12 young male Kacang goats aged 10-12 months with an initial body weight of 10-12 kg. The livestock was divided into three groups randomly to receive feed treatments. The three treatments of this study included T1: Complete silage made from natural grass; T2: Complete silage made from S. bicolor (L.) Moench, and T3: Complete silage made from P. purpureum. Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance procedure. Results: The carcass percentage of livestock T2 and T3 treatment was relatively similar but higher (p<0.05) than the T1 group. The non-carcass percentage of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower than T1. The water content of T1 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than T3, but relatively the same as T2 treatment. The collagen content of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower (p<0.05) than T1; likewise, the cholesterol of T2 and T3 treatments was relatively similar but higher than T1 treatment. The variables of slaughter and carcass weight, and non-carcass weight, meat protein content, acidity, cooking losses, water holding capacity, and tenderness were not significantly different between groups of animals. Conclusion: The use of S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpureum as a basic forage in making complete silage has been shown to increase carcass percentage, the content (%) of fat, collagen, and cholesterol. Otherwise, the treatments have no effect on the content of pH, tenderness (kg/cm2), cooking loss (%), and water holding capacity (%) of male Kacang goat fattened. Therefore, S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpureum plants have great potential to be developed by farmers/ranchers as feed for goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus Klau Tahuk
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Timor, Kefamenanu, North Central Timor, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
| | - Gerson F Bira
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Timor, Kefamenanu, North Central Timor, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
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