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Struijk C, Lydon KL, Husen M, Verdonk P, Michielsen J, van Wijnen AJ, Krych AJ, Saris DBF. Cellular Enhancement of Frozen Meniscus Allograft Combining Native Meniscus and Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Injections. Cartilage 2024:19476035231224802. [PMID: 38321966 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231224802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This proof-of-concept study investigated an improved cell-based injection therapy combining mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and meniscus cells (MCs) to support superior meniscus allograft repopulation and early revival compared to injecting MSCs alone. DESIGN In this controlled laboratory study, frozen meniscus allograft samples were injected vertically with a cell suspension containing different ratios of MSCs and MCs or control (lactated ringers) and cultured for 28 days. Samples were analyzed weekly for cell viability, migration, and metabolism using histological and biochemical assays. Tissue medium was analyzed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression using zymography. RESULTS Cellular repopulation of frozen allografts injected with different cell suspensions was validated by immunohistochemistry. Significant higher DNA content was evidenced in grafts treated with suspensions of MCs or MC:MSC (1:4 ratio). Cell metabolic activity was significantly different between all treated groups and control group after 1 week. Allografts injected with MCs showed significantly more cell proliferation than injections with MSCs. MMP2 activity was detected in medium of all grafts cellularized with MCs with or without MSCs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed resolution of the needle puncture, but not in the control group. Cell labeling of MCs upon injection of mixed MC:MSC suspensions revealed a gradual increase in the cell ratio. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study establish that injection of MCs with or without MSCs enhances the cellularity of meniscus allograft to support early graft revival and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Struijk
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Martin Husen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Verdonk
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Orthoca, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jozef Michielsen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Aaron J Krych
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel B F Saris
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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2
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Asserson DB. Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells After In Vivo Transplantation: A Review. Cell Reprogram 2023; 25:264-276. [PMID: 37971885 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2023.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are ideal for tissue regeneration because of their ability to circumvent host rejection, but their procurement and processing present logistical and time-sensitive challenges. Allogeneic MSCs provide an alternative cell-based therapy capable of positively affecting all human organ systems, and can be readily available. Extensive research has been conducted in the treatment of autoimmune, degenerative, and inflammatory diseases with such stem cells, and has demonstrated predominantly safe outcomes with minimal complications. Nevertheless, continued clinical trials are necessary to ascertain optimal harvest and transplant techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek B Asserson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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3
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Zhang S, Yahaya BH, Pan Y, Liu Y, Lin J. Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cell, a unique and promising alternative in the stem cell-based therapy for chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian insufficiency. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:327. [PMID: 37957675 PMCID: PMC10644549 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03551-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy can cause ovarian dysfunction and infertility since the ovary is extremely sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs. Apart from the indispensable role of the ovary in the overall hormonal milieu, ovarian dysfunction also affects many other organ systems and functions including sexuality, bones, the cardiovascular system, and neurocognitive function. Although conventional hormone replacement therapy can partly relieve the adverse symptoms of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), the treatment cannot fundamentally prevent deterioration of POI. Therefore, effective treatments to improve chemotherapy-induced POI are urgently needed, especially for patients desiring fertility preservation. Recently, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapies have resulted in promising improvements in chemotherapy-induced ovary dysfunction by enhancing the anti-apoptotic capacity of ovarian cells, preventing ovarian follicular atresia, promoting angiogenesis and improving injured ovarian structure and the pregnancy rate. These improvements are mainly attributed to MSC-derived biological factors, functional RNAs, and even mitochondria, which are directly secreted or indirectly translocated with extracellular vesicles (microvesicles and exosomes) to repair ovarian dysfunction. Additionally, as a novel source of MSCs, menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) have exhibited promising therapeutic effects in various diseases due to their comprehensive advantages, such as periodic and non-invasive sample collection, abundant sources, regular donation and autologous transplantation. Therefore, this review summarizes the efficacy of MSCs transplantation in improving chemotherapy-induced POI and analyzes the underlying mechanism, and further discusses the benefit and existing challenges in promoting the clinical application of MenSCs in chemotherapy-induced POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenghui Zhang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Regenerative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ying Pan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, , China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Stem Cell Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
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4
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Nativel F, Smith A, Boulestreau J, Lépine C, Baron J, Marquis M, Vignes C, Le Guennec Y, Veziers J, Lesoeur J, Loll F, Halgand B, Renard D, Abadie J, Legoff B, Blanchard F, Gauthier O, Vinatier C, Rieux AD, Guicheux J, Le Visage C. Micromolding-based encapsulation of mesenchymal stromal cells in alginate for intraarticular injection in osteoarthritis. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100581. [PMID: 36896417 PMCID: PMC9988569 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory joint disease that affects cartilage, subchondral bone, and joint tissues. Undifferentiated Mesenchymal Stromal Cells are a promising therapeutic option for OA due to their ability to release anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, and pro-regenerative factors. They can be embedded in hydrogels to prevent their tissue engraftment and subsequent differentiation. In this study, human adipose stromal cells are successfully encapsulated in alginate microgels via a micromolding method. Microencapsulated cells retain their in vitro metabolic activity and bioactivity and can sense and respond to inflammatory stimuli, including synovial fluids from OA patients. After intra-articular injection in a rabbit model of post-traumatic OA, a single dose of microencapsulated human cells exhibit properties matching those of non-encapsulated cells. At 6 and 12 weeks post-injection, we evidenced a tendency toward a decreased OA severity, an increased expression of aggrecan, and a reduced expression of aggrecanase-generated catabolic neoepitope. Thus, these findings establish the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of injecting cells encapsulated in microgels, opening the door to a long-term follow-up in canine OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Nativel
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Audrey Smith
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France.,UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jeremy Boulestreau
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Charles Lépine
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Pathology, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Julie Baron
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Pathology, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Melanie Marquis
- UR1268 BIA (Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages), INRAE, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Caroline Vignes
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Yoan Le Guennec
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Joelle Veziers
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Julie Lesoeur
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - François Loll
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Boris Halgand
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Denis Renard
- UR1268 BIA (Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages), INRAE, F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Jerome Abadie
- LabONIRIS, ONIRIS (Nantes Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering), F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Benoit Legoff
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Frederic Blanchard
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Olivier Gauthier
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France.,ONIRIS Nantes-Atlantic College of Veterinary Medicine, Centre de Recherche et D'investigation Préclinique (CRIP), F-44300 Nantes, France
| | - Claire Vinatier
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Anne des Rieux
- UCLouvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, 1200, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Jerome Guicheux
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Catherine Le Visage
- Nantes Université, ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France
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5
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Lv Z, Cai X, Bian Y, Wei Z, Zhu W, Zhao X, Weng X. Advances in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Osteoarthritis: From Preclinical and Clinical Perspectives. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020195. [PMID: 36829689 PMCID: PMC9952673 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative disorder of joints, has substantially increased in recent years. Its key pathogenic hallmarks include articular cartilage destruction, synovium inflammation, and bone remodeling. However, treatment outcomes are unsatisfactory. Until recently, common therapy methods, such as analgesic and anti-inflammatory treatments, were aimed to treat symptoms that cannot be radically cured. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), i.e., mesoderm non-hematopoietic cells separated from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, etc., have been intensively explored as an emerging technique for the treatment of OA over the last few decades. According to existing research, MSCs may limit cartilage degradation in OA by interfering with cellular immunity and secreting a number of active chemicals. This study aimed to examine the potential mechanism of MSCs in the treatment of OA and conduct a thorough review of both preclinical and clinical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehui Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xuejie Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yixin Bian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Zhanqi Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.W.)
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6
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Bedar M, van Wijnen AJ, Shin AY. Safety of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding of NeuraGen Nerve Guides in a Rabbit Model. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2023; 29:43-53. [PMID: 36680753 PMCID: PMC10162580 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stimulate nerve and tissue regeneration and are primed for clinical translation. Application of autologous MSCs is limited by requirements for expedient harvesting procedures, proliferative expansion to increase number of cells, and reduced regenerative potential due to aging or pathological conditions. Because MSCs are immune privileged, allogeneic MSCs may serve as "off-the-shelf" cell-based reconstructive treatments to support nerve repair. Therefore, we examined the safety and immune response parameters of allogeneic MSCs seeded on NeuraGen® Nerve Guides (NNGs) in a rabbit model. NNGs with or without allogeneic rabbit MSCs were applied to rabbit sciatic nerves. Randomly assigned treatment included group I (no surgery control, n = 3) or groups II and III (sciatic nerve wrapped with unseeded or allogeneic MSC-seeded NNGs; n = 5/group). Rabbits were euthanized after 2 weeks to monitor functional recovery by histological evaluation of sciatic nerves and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Host reactions to allogeneic MSCs were analyzed by assessment of body and tissue weight, temperature, as well as hematological parameters, including white blood cell count (WBC), spleen histology, and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Histological analyses of nerves and spleen were all unremarkable, consistent with absence of overt systemic and local immune responses upon allogeneic MSC administration. No significant differences were observed in WBC or CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes across unseeded and seeded treatment groups. Thus, allogenic MSCs are safe for use and may be considered in lieu of autologous MSCs in translational animal studies as the basis for future clinical nerve repair strategies. Impact statement Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been reported to enhance nerve regeneration when used in conjunction with nerve graft substitutes. However, autologous stem cell sources delay treatment and may be susceptible to age- or disease-related dysfunctions. In this study, we investigated the safety of allogeneic MSCs and the optimal number of cells for nerve conduit delivery in a rabbit model. When compared with unseeded nerve conduits, allogeneic MSC-seeded conduits did not induce a systemic or local immune response. The findings of this study will ultimately facilitate the clinical translation of a universal donor cell-based treatment option for nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwand Bedar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Alexander Y. Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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7
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Perucca Orfei C, Boffa A, Sourugeon Y, Laver L, Magalon J, Sánchez M, Tischer T, Filardo G, de Girolamo L. Cell-based therapies have disease-modifying effects on osteoarthritis in animal models. A systematic review by the ESSKA Orthobiologic Initiative. Part 1: adipose tissue-derived cell-based injectable therapies. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2023; 31:641-655. [PMID: 36104484 PMCID: PMC9898370 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-022-07063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this systematic review was to determine if adipose tissue-derived cell-based injectable therapies can induce disease-modifying effects in joints affected by osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS A systematic review was performed on three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase) according to PRISMA guidelines. A synthesis of the results was performed investigating disease-modifying effects in preclinical studies comparing injectable adipose-derived products with OA controls or other products, different formulations or injection intervals, and the combination with other products. The risk of bias was assessed according to the SYRCLE's tool. RESULTS Seventy-one studies were included (2,086 animals) with an increasing publication trend over time. Expanded cells were used in 65 studies, 3 studies applied point of care products, and 3 studies investigated both approaches. Overall, 48 out of 51 studies (94%) reported better results with adipose-derived products compared to OA controls, with positive findings in 17 out of 20 studies (85%) in macroscopic, in 37 out of 40 studies (93%) in histological, and in 22 out of 23 studies (96%) in immunohistochemical evaluations. Clinical and biomarker evaluations showed positive results in 14 studies out of 18 (78%) and 12 studies out of 14 (86%), while only 9 studies out of 17 (53%) of the imaging evaluations were able to detect differences versus controls. The risk of bias was low in 38% of items, unclear in 51%, and high in (11%). CONCLUSION The current preclinical models document consistent evidence of disease-modifying effects of adipose-derived cell-based therapies for the treatment of OA. The high heterogeneity of the published studies highlights the need for further targeted research to provide recommendations on the optimal methodologies for a more effective application of these injective therapies for the treatment of OA in clinical practice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Perucca Orfei
- grid.417776.4IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Boffa
- Applied and Translational Research Center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Yosef Sourugeon
- grid.413731.30000 0000 9950 8111Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lior Laver
- grid.414084.d0000 0004 0470 6828Department of Orthopaedics, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center (HYMC), Hadera, Israel ,Arthrosport Clinic, Tel-Aviv, Israel ,grid.6451.60000000121102151Technion University Hospital (Israel Institute of Technology) - Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Jérémy Magalon
- grid.414336.70000 0001 0407 1584Cell Therapy Laboratory, Hôpital De La Conception, AP-HM, Marseille, France ,grid.5399.60000 0001 2176 4817INSERM, NRA, C2VN, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France ,SAS Remedex, Marseille, France
| | - Mikel Sánchez
- grid.473696.9Arthroscopic Surgery Unit, Hospital Vithas Vitoria, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain ,Advanced Biological Therapy Unit, Hospital Vithas Vitoria, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Thomas Tischer
- grid.10493.3f0000000121858338Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Filardo
- grid.419038.70000 0001 2154 6641Applied and Translational Research Center, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy ,grid.469433.f0000 0004 0514 7845Service of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, EOC, Lugano, Switzerland ,grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Laura de Girolamo
- grid.417776.4IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all’Ortopedia, Milan, Italy
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Vargel İ, Tuncel A, Baysal N, Hartuç-Çevik İ, Korkusuz F. Autologous Adipose-Derived Tissue Stromal Vascular Fraction (AD-tSVF) for Knee Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13517. [PMID: 36362308 PMCID: PMC9658499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue contains adult mesenchymal stem cells that may modulate the metabolism when applied to other tissues. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) can be isolated from adipose tissue mechanically and/or enzymatically. SVF was recently used to decrease the pain and improve the function of knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Primary and/or secondary OA causes inflammation and degeneration in joints, and regenerative approaches that may modify the natural course of the disease are limited. SVF may modulate inflammation and initiate regeneration in joint tissues by initiating a paracrine effect. Chemokines released from SVF may slow down degeneration and stimulate regeneration in joints. In this review, we overviewed articular joint cartilage structures and functions, OA, and macro-, micro-, and nano-fat isolation techniques. Mechanic and enzymatic SVF processing techniques were summarized. Clinical outcomes of adipose tissue derived tissue SVF (AD-tSVF) were evaluated. Medical devices that can mechanically isolate AD-tSVF were listed, and publications referring to such devices were summarized. Recent review manuscripts were also systematically evaluated and included. Transferring adipose tissues and cells has its roots in plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery. Micro- and nano-fat is also transferred to other organs and tissues to stimulate regeneration as it contains regenerative cells. Minimal manipulation of the adipose tissue is recently preferred to isolate the regenerative cells without disrupting them from their natural environment. The number of patients in the follow-up studies are recently increasing. The duration of follow up is also increasing with favorable outcomes from the short- to mid-term. There are however variations for mean age and the severity of knee OA patients between studies. Positive outcomes are related to the higher number of cells in the AD-tSVF. Repetition of injections and concomitant treatments such as combining the AD-tSVF with platelet rich plasma or hyaluronan are not solidified. Good results were obtained when combined with arthroscopic debridement and micro- or nano-fracture techniques for small-sized cartilage defects. The optimum pressure applied to the tissues and cells during filtration and purification of the AD-tSVF is not specified yet. Quantitative monitoring of articular joint cartilage regeneration by ultrasound, MR, and synovial fluid analysis as well as with second-look arthroscopy could improve our current knowledge on AD-tSVF treatment in knee OA. AD-tSVF isolation techniques and technologies have the potential to improve knee OA treatment. The duration of centrifugation, filtration, washing, and purification should however be standardized. Using gravity-only for isolation and filtration could be a reasonable approach to avoid possible complications of other methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Vargel
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Ali Tuncel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Hacettepe University, Universiteler Mahallesi, Hacettepe Beytepe Campus #31, Çankaya, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Nilsu Baysal
- Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - İrem Hartuç-Çevik
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
| | - Feza Korkusuz
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical Faculty, Hacettepe University, Altındag, Ankara 06230, Turkey
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9
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Wang G, Xing D, Liu W, Zhu Y, Liu H, Yan L, Fan K, Liu P, Yu B, Li JJ, Wang B. Preclinical studies and clinical trials on mesenchymal stem cell therapy for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review on models and cell doses. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:532-562. [PMID: 35244339 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To provide a systematic analysis of the study design in knee osteoarthritis (OA) preclinical studies, focusing on the characteristics of animal models and cell doses, and to compare these to the characteristics of clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of knee OA. METHOD A systematic and comprehensive search was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, and Embase electronic databases for research papers published in 2009-2020 on testing MSC treatment in OA animal models. The PubMed database and ClinicalTrials.gov website were used to search for published studies reporting clinical trials of MSC therapy for knee OA. RESULTS In total, 9234 articles and two additional records were retrieved, of which 120 studies comprising preclinical and clinical studies were included for analysis. Among the preclinical studies, rats were the most commonly used species for modeling knee OA, and anterior cruciate ligament transection was the most commonly used method for inducing OA. There was a correlation between the cell dose and body weight of the animal. In clinical trials, there was large variation in the dose of MSCs used to treat knee OA, ranging from 1 × 106 to 200 × 106 cells with an average of 37.91 × 106 cells. CONCLUSION Mesenchymal stem cells have shown great potential in improving pain relief and tissue protection in both preclinical and clinical studies of knee OA. Further high-quality preclinical and clinical studies are needed to explore the dose effectiveness relationship of MSC therapy and to translate the findings from preclinical studies to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guishan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Kenan Fan
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baofeng Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- Faculty of Engineering and IT, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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10
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Paradise CR, De La Vega RE, Galvan ML, Carrasco ME, Thaler R, van Wijnen AJ, Dudakovic A. Brd4 Inactivation Increases Adenoviral Delivery of BMP2 for Paracrine Stimulation of Osteogenic Differentiation as a Gene Therapeutic Concept to Enhance Bone Healing. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10520. [PMID: 34693189 PMCID: PMC8520065 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain (BRD) proteins are histone code interpreters that recognize acetylated lysines and link the dynamic state of chromatin with the transcriptional machinery. Here, we demonstrate that ablation of the Brd4 gene in primary mouse bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells via a conditional Brd4fl/fl allele suppresses osteogenic lineage commitment. Remarkably, loss of Brd4 function also enhances expression of genes in engineered adenoviral vectors, including Cre recombinase and green fluorescent protein (GFP). Similarly, vector‐based expression of BMP2 mRNA and protein levels are enhanced upon Brd4 depletion in cells transduced with an adenoviral vector that expresses BMP2 (Ad‐BMP2). Importantly, Brd4 depletion in MC3T3‐E1 and human adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) transduced with Ad‐BMP2 enhances osteogenic differentiation of naïve MC3T3‐E1 cells via paracrine mechanisms based on transwell and conditioned medium studies. Our studies indicate that Brd4 depletion enhances adenoviral transgene expression in mammalian cells, which can be leveraged as a therapeutic strategy to improve viral vector‐based gene therapies. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Paradise
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Rodolfo E De La Vega
- Musculosketal Gene Therapy Research Laboratory, Rehabilitation Medicine Research Center Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department cBITE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands.,Department IBE, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine Maastricht University Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - M Lizeth Galvan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | | | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Center for Regenerative Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA
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11
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Wongin S, Wangdee C, Nantavisai S, Banlunara W, Nakbunnum R, Waikakul S, Chotiyarnwong P, Roytrakul S, Viravaidya-Pasuwat K. Evaluation of osteochondral-like tissues using human freeze-dried cancellous bone and chondrocyte sheets to treat osteochondral defects in rabbits. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:4701-4716. [PMID: 34019604 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human freeze-dried cancellous bone combined with human chondrocyte sheets have recently been used to construct an osteochondral-like tissue, which resembled a cartilage layer on a subchondral bone layer. Nevertheless, the efficacy of these human tissues in a xenogeneic model has been rarely reported. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential of human freeze-dried cancellous bones combined with human chondrocyte sheets for the treatment of osteochondral defects in rabbits. The key roles of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and released cytokines in these tissues in osteochondral repair were also assessed. Triple-layered chondrocyte sheets were constructed using a temperature-responsive culture surface. Then, they were placed onto cancellous bone to form chondrocyte sheet-cancellous bone tissues. The immunostaining of collagen type II (COL2) and the proteomic analysis of the human tissues were carried out before the transplantation. In our in vitro study, the triple-layered chondrocyte sheets adhered well on the cancellous bone, and the COL2 expression was apparent throughout the tissue structures. From the proteomic analysis results, it was found that the major function of the secreted proteins found in these tissues was protein binding. The distinct pathways were focal adhesion and the ECM-receptor interaction pathways. Among the highly expressed proteins, laminin-alpha 5 (LAMA5) and fibronectin (FN) not only played roles in the protein binding and ECM-receptor interaction, but also were involved in the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway. At 12 weeks after xenogeneic transplantation, compared to the control group, the defects treated with the chondrocyte sheets showed more hyaline-like cartilage tissue, as indicated by the abundance of safranin-O and COL2 with a partial collagen type I (COL1) expression. At 4, 8, and 12 weeks, compared to the defects treated with the cancellous bone, the staining of safranin-O and COL2 was more apparent in the defects treated with the chondrocyte sheet-cancellous bone tissues. Therefore, the human chondrocyte sheets and chondrocyte sheet-cancellous bone tissues provide a potential treatment for rabbit femoral condyle defect. LAMA5 and FN found in these human xenografts and their culture media might play key roles in the ECM-receptor interaction and might be involved in the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway during tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sopita Wongin
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
| | - Chalika Wangdee
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sirirat Nantavisai
- Special Task Force for Activating Research (STAR) in Biology of Embryo and Stem Cell Research in Veterinary Science, Veterinary Stem Cells and Bioengineering Innovation Center (VSCBIC), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Wijit Banlunara
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Rapeepat Nakbunnum
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Saranatra Waikakul
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Pojchong Chotiyarnwong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Kwanchanok Viravaidya-Pasuwat
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand. and Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand.
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12
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Differences in Cytotoxicity of Lidocaine, Ropivacaine, and Bupivacaine on the Viability and Metabolic Activity of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 100:82-91. [PMID: 32657816 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated biological effects of distinct local anesthetics on human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells when applied to reduce periprocedural pain during mesenchymal stem cell injections. METHODS AND MATERIALS Metabolic activity (MTS assay), viability (Live/Dead stain), and gene expression (quantitative real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction) were measured in mesenchymal stem cells incubated with various concentrations of lidocaine, ropivacaine, or bupivacaine during a 12-hr time course. RESULTS Cell viability and metabolic activity decreased in a dose, time, and substance-specific manner after exposure to lidocaine, ropivacaine, and bupivacaine, with ropivacaine being the least cytotoxic. Cell viability decreases after brief exposure (<1.5 hrs) at clinically relevant concentrations (eg, 8 mg/ml of lidocaine, 2.5 mg/ml of ropivacaine or bupivacaine). Mesenchymal stem cells exposed to local anesthetics change their expression of mRNA biomarkers for stress response (EGR1, EGR2), proliferation (MKI67, HIST2H4A), ECM (COL1A1, COL3A1), and cell surface marker (CD105). CONCLUSIONS Local anesthetics are cytotoxic to clinical-grade human mesenchymal stem cells in a dose-, time-, and agent-dependent manner and change expression of ECM, proliferation, and cell surface markers. Lidocaine and bupivacaine are more cytotoxic than ropivacaine. Single-dose injections of local anesthetics may affect the biological properties of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro but may not affect the effective dose of MSCs in a clinical setting.
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13
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Song Y, Zhang J, Xu H, Lin Z, Chang H, Liu W, Kong L. Mesenchymal stem cells in knee osteoarthritis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Translat 2020; 24:121-130. [PMID: 32913710 PMCID: PMC7452318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Stem cells are considered to be one of the greatest potential treatments to cure degenerative diseases. Stem cells injection for knee osteoarthritis (OA) is still a relatively new treatment and has not yet gained popularity. So, the effectiveness, safety and potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for knee OA treatment is worthy to be explored. Explore the effectiveness and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. We collected clinical trials using MSCs as treatment for knee OA (before April 2019), including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), retrospective studies and cohort studies. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and the ClinicalTrials.gov with keywords (Mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs], Knee osteoarthritis, Effectiveness and Safety), and then performed a systematic review and cumulative metaanalysis of all RCTs and retrospective comparative studies. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MSC in knee OA treatment, we applied visual analog scale score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteo-arthritis Index and adverse events. We included 15 RCTs, two retrospective studies and two cohort studies including a total of 584 knee OA patients in this study. We demonstrated that MSC treatment could significantly decrease visual analog scale in a 12-month follow-up study compared with controls (p < 0.001). MSC therapy also showed significant decreases in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores after the 6-month follow-up (p < 0.001). MSC therapy showed no difference compared with controls (p > 0.05) in adverse events. We suggest that MSC therapy could serve as an effective and safe therapy for clinical application in OA treatment. THE TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE This study provided the best available evidence and a wider perspective to MSCs application in the management of knee OA. MSCs therapy will have great translational potential in the clinical treatment of various degenerative diseases once optimum formula and explicit target population are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yancheng Song
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 19 Nonglinxia Rd., Yuexiu District, 510000, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Junhui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hualiang Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhujian Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Kong
- Department of Basic Research & International Cooperation, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Basic Research & International Cooperation, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, China.
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14
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Effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells loaded with graphene oxide granular lubrication on cytokine levels in animal models of knee osteoarthritis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 45:381-390. [PMID: 32556386 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04584-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to use umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) loaded with graphene oxide (GO) granular lubricant to treat knee osteoarthritis (KOA) animal models and to analyze their effect on cytokine levels in the articular cavity. METHODS Twenty-four New Zealand rabbit models of KOA were established by the modified Hulth and cartilage injury method, and they were assigned to the blank group, the GO group, the UCMSC group, and the GO + UCMSC group, each group containing six animal models. The GO and UCMSC groups were treated by a single intra-articular injection. The treatment was started one month after surgical modeling, and the observation period was eight weeks. The expression levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and collagen-II (COL-II) in serum and articular fluid after treatment were compared to analyze the efficacy. RESULTS The GO granular lubricant caused no significant improvement in the intra-articular environment of the knee joint, and UCMSCs caused a certain degree of improvement in the inflammatory environment. The improvement results of NO, IL-6, TNF-α, GAG, and COL-II were the best in the GO + UCMSC group, but the improvement results of inflammatory cytokine levels in serum and articular fluid were not consistent, especially the differences in NO, IL-6, and TNF-α were greater. CONCLUSION UCMSCs loaded with the GO granular lubricant can reduce the inflammatory level and improve the level of biochemical environment in the articular cavity, and thus promote cartilage repair.
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15
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Taner T, Abrol N, Park WD, Hansen MJ, Gustafson MP, Lerman LO, van Wijnen AJ, Dietz AB, Gores GJ, Stegall MD. Phenotypic, Transcriptional, and Functional Analysis of Liver Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Immunomodulatory Properties. Liver Transpl 2020; 26:549-563. [PMID: 31950576 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The liver is an immunologically active organ with a tolerogenic microenvironment at a quiescent state. The immunoregulatory properties of the liver appear to be retained after transplantation because liver allografts can reduce alloresponses against other organs that are simultaneously transplanted. Mechanisms of this phenomenon remain unknown. Given the known immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), we hypothesized that liver mesenchymal stromal cells (L-MSCs) are superior immunomodulators and contribute to liver-mediated tolerance. L-MSCs, generated from human liver allograft biopsies, were compared with adipose mesenchymal stromal cells (A-MSCs) and bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). Trilineage differentiation of L-MSCs was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Comparative phenotypic analyses were done by flow cytometry and transcriptome analyses by RNA sequencing in unaltered cell cultures. The in vitro functional analyses were performed using alloreactive T cell proliferation assays. The transcriptome analysis showed that the L-MSCs are different than the A-MSCs and BM-MSCs, with significant enrichment of genes and gene sets associated with immunoregulation. Compared with the others, L-MSCs were found to express higher cell surface levels of several select immunomodulatory molecules. L-MSCs (versus A-MSCs/BM-MSCs) inhibited alloreactive T cell proliferation (22.7% versus 56.4%/58.7%, respectively; P < 0.05) and reduced the frequency of interferon ɤ-producing T cells better than other MSCs (52.8% versus 94.4%/155.4%; P < 0.05). The antiproliferative impact of L-MSCs was not dependent on cell-to-cell contact, could be reversed incompletely by blocking programmed death ligand 1, and required a higher concentration of the competitive inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase for complete reversal. In conclusion, L-MSCs appear to be uniquely well-equipped immunomodulatory cells, and they are more potent than A-MSCs and BM-MSCs in that capacity, which suggests that they may contribute to liver-induced systemic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timucin Taner
- William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Nitin Abrol
- William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Walter D Park
- William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Michael P Gustafson
- Immune Progenitor and Cell Therapy (IMPACT), Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Allan B Dietz
- Immune Progenitor and Cell Therapy (IMPACT), Division of Transfusion Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mark D Stegall
- William J. von Liebig Transplant Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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16
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Functional expression of ZNF467 and PCBP2 supports adipogenic lineage commitment in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2020; 737:144437. [PMID: 32032745 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (BMSCs) have the potential to be employed in many different skeletal therapies. A major limitation to utilizing BMSCs as a therapeutic strategy in human disease and tissue regeneration is the low cell numbers obtained from initial isolation necessitating multiple cell passages that can lead to decreased cell quality. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (AMSCs) have been proposed as an alternative cell source for regenerative therapies; however the differentiation capacity of these cells differs from BMSCs. To understand the differences between BMSCs and AMSCs, we compared the global gene expression profiles of BMSCs and AMSCs and identified two genes, PCBP2 and ZNF467 that were differentially expressed between AMSCs and BMSCs. We demonstrate that PCBP2 and ZNF467 impact adipogenic but not osteogenic differentiation, further supporting evidence that AMSCs and BMSCs appear to be adapted to their microenvironment.
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17
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Kubrova E, Qu W, Galvan ML, Paradise CR, Yang J, Dietz AB, Dudakovic A, Smith J, van Wijnen AJ. Hypothermia and nutrient deprivation alter viability of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Gene 2019; 722:144058. [PMID: 31494240 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attractive biological agents in regenerative medicine. To optimize cell therapies, it is necessary to determine the most effective delivery method for MSCs. Therefore, we evaluated the biological properties of MSCs after exposure to various temperatures to define optimal storage conditions prior to therapeutic delivery of MSCs. DESIGN Prospective observational study. METHODS AND MATERIALS Adherent and non-adherent MSCs were incubated at multiple temperatures (i.e., 4, 23 and 37 °C) in Lactated Ringers (LR) solution lacking essential cell growth ingredients, or in culture media which is optimized for cell growth. Cells were assessed either after the temperature changes (4 h) or after recovery (24 h). Metabolic activity of MSCs, cell number and expression of representative mRNA biomarkers were evaluated to assess the biological effects of temperature. We monitored changes in mRNAs expression related to cytoprotective- or stress-related responses (e.g., FOS, JUN, ATF1, ATF4, EGR1, EGR2, MYC), proliferation (e.g., HIST2H4, CCNB2), and extracellular matrix production (ECM; e.g., COL3A1, COL1A1) by quantitative real time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis. RESULTS Our study demonstrates that storing MSCs in Lactated Ringers (LR) solution for 4 h decreases cell number and metabolic activity. The number of viable MSCs decreased significantly when cultured at physiological temperature (37 °C) and severe hypothermia (4 °C), while cells grown at ambient temperature (23 °C) exhibited the least detrimental effects. There were no appreciable biological differences in mRNA markers for proliferation or ECM deposition at any of the temperatures. However, biomarkers related to cytoprotective- or stress-responses were selectively elevated depending on temperature or media type (i.e., LR versus standard media). CONCLUSION The biological impact of nutrient-free media and temperature changes after 4 h exposure persists after a 24 h recovery period. Hence, storage temperature and media conditions should be optimized to improve effective dosing of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kubrova
- Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Wenchun Qu
- Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
| | - M Lizeth Galvan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Christopher R Paradise
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jay Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine &Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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18
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Chu DT, Nguyen Thi Phuong T, Tien NLB, Tran DK, Minh LB, Thanh VV, Gia Anh P, Pham VH, Thi Nga V. Adipose Tissue Stem Cells for Therapy: An Update on the Progress of Isolation, Culture, Storage, and Clinical Application. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E917. [PMID: 31247996 PMCID: PMC6678927 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue stem cells (ASCs), known as multipotent stem cells, are most commonly used in the clinical applications in recent years. Adipose tissues (AT) have the advantage in the harvesting, isolation, and expansion of ASCs, especially an abundant amount of stem cells compared to bone marrow. ASCs can be found in stromal vascular fractions (SVF) which are easily obtained from the dissociation of adipose tissue. Both SVFs and culture-expanded ASCs exhibit the stem cell characteristics such as differentiation into multiple cell types, regeneration, and immune regulators. Therefore, SVFs and ASCs have been researched to evaluate the safety and benefits for human use. In fact, the number of clinical trials on ASCs is going to increase by years; however, most trials are in phase I and II, and lack phase III and IV. This systemic review highlights and updates the process of the harvesting, characteristics, isolation, culture, storage, and application of ASCs, as well as provides further directions on the therapeutic use of ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
- School of Odonto Stomatology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
| | - Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Nguyen Le Bao Tien
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Khoa Tran
- Department of Anatomy, University of Medicine Pham Ngoc Thach, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Le Bui Minh
- NTT Hi-tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh St., Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Vo Van Thanh
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Department of Surgery, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Pham Gia Anh
- Oncology Department, Viet Duc Hospital, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van Huy Pham
- AI Lab, Faculty of Information Technology, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam.
| | - Vu Thi Nga
- Institute for Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Danang 550000, Vietnam.
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19
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Nie H, Kubrova E, Wu T, Denbeigh JM, Hunt C, Dietz AB, Smith J, Qu W, van Wijnen AJ. Effect of Lidocaine on Viability and Gene Expression of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: An in vitro Study. PM R 2019; 11:1218-1227. [PMID: 30784215 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the biologic effects of lidocaine on the viability, proliferation, and function of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) in vitro. METHODS Adipose-derived MSCs from three donors were exposed to lidocaine at various dilutions (2 mg/mL to 8 mg/mL) and exposure times (0.5 to 4 hours). Cell number and viability, mitochondrial activity, and real-time reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were analyzed at 0 (immediate effects) or 24 and 48 hours (recovery effects) after treatment with lidocaine. RESULTS Trypan blue staining showed that increasing concentrations of lidocaine decreased the number of observable viable cells. 3-[4,5,dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxy-phenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assays revealed a concentration- and time- dependent decline of mitochondrial activity and proliferative ability. Gene expression analysis by RT-qPCR revealed that adipose-derived MSCs exposed to lidocaine express robust levels of stress response/cytoprotective genes. However, higher concentrations of lidocaine caused a significant downregulation of these genes. No significant differences were observed in expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) markers COL1A1 and DCN except for COL3A1 (P < .05). Levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) for proliferation markers (CCNB2, HIST2H4A, P < .001) and MKI67 (P < .001) increased at 24 and 48 hours. Expression levels of several transcription factors- including SP1, PRRX1, and ATF1-were modulated in the same manner. MSC surface markers CD44 and CD105 demonstrated decreased expression immediately after treatment, but at 24 and 48 hours postexposure, the MSC markers showed no significant difference among groups. CONCLUSION Lidocaine is toxic to MSCs in a dose- and time- dependent manner. MSC exposure to high (4-8 mg/mL) concentrations of lidocaine for prolonged periods can affect their biologic functions. Although the exposure time in vivo is short, it is essential to choose safe concentrations when applying lidocaine along with MSCs to avoid compromising the viability and potency of the stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Nie
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Eva Kubrova
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Janet M Denbeigh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Christine Hunt
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jay Smith
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Wenchun Qu
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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20
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Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Containing Xenogenic Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells on Restoring Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Preclinical Study in a Rabbit Model. Pain Res Manag 2019; 2019:6372356. [PMID: 31149318 PMCID: PMC6501249 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6372356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) containing multiple growth factors is a promising strategy for disc degeneration. Thus, this study hypothesizes that the combination of PRP and adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ADSCs) may repair degenerative disc more effectively than using each one of them alone. Methods The model of early intervertebral disc degeneration was induced by annular puncture in the New Zealand rabbit. Autologous PRP was extracted from fresh arterial blood by using two centrifugation techniques. ADSC was offered by the Center for Clinic Stem Cell Research. Four weeks after the first experiment, PRP or ADSCs or a combination of PRP and ADSCs was injected into the punctured intervertebral disc. Four weeks later, disc height and signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were assessed. Results One month after puncture, we detected relatively narrow discs and lower signal intensity in MRI T2-weighted images. At four weeks after injection, the PRP-ADSC group statistically significantly restored discs, compared with PRP, ADSCs, or negative control group. Conclusions The combination of PRP and ADSCs shows an effective potential to restore degenerated intervertebral discs in the rabbit.
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22
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Camilleri ET, Dudakovic A, Riester SM, Galeano-Garces C, Paradise CR, Bradley EW, McGee-Lawrence ME, Im HJ, Karperien M, Krych AJ, Westendorf JJ, Larson AN, van Wijnen AJ. Loss of histone methyltransferase Ezh2 stimulates an osteogenic transcriptional program in chondrocytes but does not affect cartilage development. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:19001-19011. [PMID: 30327434 PMCID: PMC6295726 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ezh2 is a histone methyltransferase that suppresses osteoblast maturation and skeletal development. We evaluated the role of Ezh2 in chondrocyte lineage differentiation and endochondral ossification. Ezh2 was genetically inactivated in the mesenchymal, osteoblastic, and chondrocytic lineages in mice using the Prrx1-Cre, Osx1-Cre, and Col2a1-Cre drivers, respectively. WT and conditional knockout mice were phenotypically assessed by gross morphology, histology, and micro-CT imaging. Ezh2-deficient chondrocytes in micromass culture models were evaluated using RNA-Seq, histologic evaluation, and Western blotting. Aged mice with Ezh2 deficiency were also evaluated for premature development of osteoarthritis using radiographic analysis. Ezh2 deficiency in murine chondrocytes reduced bone density at 4 weeks of age but caused no other gross developmental effects. Knockdown of Ezh2 in chondrocyte micromass cultures resulted in a global reduction in trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) and altered differentiation in vitro RNA-Seq analysis revealed enrichment of an osteogenic gene expression profile in Ezh2-deficient chondrocytes. Joint development proceeded normally in the absence of Ezh2 in chondrocytes without inducing excessive hypertrophy or premature osteoarthritis in vivo In summary, loss of Ezh2 reduced H3K27me3 levels, increased the expression of osteogenic genes in chondrocytes, and resulted in a transient post-natal bone phenotype. Remarkably, Ezh2 activity is dispensable for normal chondrocyte maturation and endochondral ossification in vivo, even though it appears to have a critical role during early stages of mesenchymal lineage commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Christopher R Paradise
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery
- Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, and
| | | | - Meghan E McGee-Lawrence
- the Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia 30912
| | - Hee-Jeong Im
- the Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, and
| | - Marcel Karperien
- the Department of Developmental BioEngineering, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55901
| | | | - Andre J van Wijnen
- From the Departments of Orthopedic Surgery,
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55901
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23
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Xu F, Yang Y, Yang T, Dai T, Shao X, Xu H, An R, Liu Y, Liu B. The use of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells in combination with platelet-rich fibrin for the treatment of cartilage defects in rabbit ear. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:1900-1907. [PMID: 30018729 PMCID: PMC6038059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The current study aims to assess the efficacy of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) together with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) for the treatment of rabbit ear cartilage defects. For this study, 12 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated into 4 groups. Two full-thickness cartilage defects were created in the rabbit ears. Group 1 was left untreated; Group 2 was treated with allogenic ADSCs, Group 3 was treated with PRF; Group 4 was treated with allogenic ADSCs and PRF. Macroscopic observation, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Alcian blue staining after 3 months suggested that the allogenic ADSCs/PRF significantly accelerated cartilage regeneration compared to other groups and this was associated with increased expression of collagen II relative to the other groups. Expression of genes associated with immune response such as cluster of differentiation 4 and 8 (CD4, CD8), and interleukin 2 and 4 (IL-2, IL-4) displayed no significant statistical difference compared to Group 1. In conclusion, these results suggest that allogenic ADSCs in combination with PRF can accelerate regeneration in full-thickness cartilage defects in the rabbit ear model without causing a significant immune response. The results suggest that allogenic ADSCs with PRF could successfully be used for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Taiqiang Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Ran An
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Yanpu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Laboratory Animal Center, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, P. R. China
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Samsonraj RM, Dudakovic A, Manzar B, Sen B, Dietz AB, Cool SM, Rubin J, van Wijnen AJ. Osteogenic Stimulation of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using a Fungal Metabolite That Suppresses the Polycomb Group Protein EZH2. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 7:197-209. [PMID: 29280310 PMCID: PMC5788881 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration apply adult mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that can be sourced from bone marrow- and lipo-aspirates. Adipose tissue-derived MSCs are more easily harvested in the large quantities required for skeletal tissue-engineering approaches, but are generally considered to be less osteogenic than bone marrow MSCs. Therefore, we tested a new molecular strategy to improve their osteogenic lineage-differentiation potential using the fungal metabolite cytochalasin D (CytoD). We show that CytoD, which may function by redistributing the intracellular location of β-actin (ACTB), is a potent osteogenic stimulant as reflected by significant increases in alkaline phosphatase activity, extracellular matrix mineralization, and osteoblast-related gene expression (e.g., RUNX2, ALPL, SPARC, and TGFB3). RNA sequencing analyses of MSCs revealed that acute CytoD treatment (24 hours) stimulates a broad program of osteogenic biomarkers and epigenetic regulators. CytoD decreases mRNA and protein levels of the Polycomb chromatin regulator Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), which controls heterochromatin formation by mediating trimethylation of histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3). Reduced EZH2 expression decreases cellular H3K27me3 marks indicating a global reduction in heterochromatin. We conclude that CytoD is an effective osteogenic stimulant that mechanistically functions by blocking both cytoplasmic actin polymerization and gene-suppressive epigenetic mechanisms required for the acquisition of the osteogenic phenotype in adipose tissue-derived MSCs. This finding supports the use of CytoD in advancing the osteogenic potential of MSCs in skeletal regenerative strategies. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018;7:197-209.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bushra Manzar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Buer Sen
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Simon M Cool
- Glycotherapeutics Group, Institute of Medical Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Janet Rubin
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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25
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Mei L, Shen B, Xue J, Liu S, Ma A, Liu F, Shao H, Chen J, Chen Q, Liu F, Ying Y, Ling P. Adipose tissue–derived stem cells in combination with xanthan gum attenuate osteoarthritis progression in an experimental rat model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 494:285-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Li M, Hao M, Jiang D, Chen Y, Wang W. In Vivo Tracking of Human Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Knee Osteoarthritis Model with Fluorescent Lipophilic Membrane Dye. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 29053693 DOI: 10.3791/56273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to support the clinical application of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (haMSC) therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), we examined the efficacy of cell persistence and biodistribution of haMSCs in animal models. We demonstrated a method to label the cell membrane of haMSCs with lipophilic fluorescent dye. Subsequently, intra-articular injection of the labeled cells in rats with surgically induced KOA was monitored dynamically by an in vivo imaging system. We employed the lipophilic carbocyanines DiD (DilC18 (5)), a far-red fluorescent Dil (dialkylcarbocyanines) analog, which utilized a red laser to avoid excitation of the natural green autofluorescence from surrounding tissues. Furthermore, the red-shifted emission spectra of DiD allowed deep-tissue imaging in live animals and the labeling procedure caused no cytotoxic effects or functional damage to haMSCs. This approach has been shown to be an efficient tracking method for haMSCs in a rat KOA model. The application of this method could also be used to determine the optimal administration route and dosage of MSCs from other sources in pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Li
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California
| | - Ming Hao
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California
| | - Dong Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital
| | - Yanxi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University
| | - Wen Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, China; Cellular Biomedicine Group, California;
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Franceschetti T, De Bari C. The potential role of adult stem cells in the management of the rheumatic diseases. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2017; 9:165-179. [PMID: 28717403 PMCID: PMC5502944 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x17704639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult stem cells are considered as appealing therapeutic candidates for inflammatory and degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. A large body of preclinical research has contributed to describing their immune-modulating properties and regenerative potential. Additionally, increasing evidence suggests that stem cell differentiation and function are disrupted in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Clinical studies have been limited, for the most part, to the application of adult stem cell-based treatments on small numbers of patients or as a 'salvage' therapy in life-threatening disease cases. Nevertheless, these preliminary studies indicate that adult stem cells are promising tools for the long-term treatment of rheumatic diseases. This review highlights recent knowledge acquired in the fields of hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the management of systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and the potential mechanisms mediating their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Franceschetti
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Cosimo De Bari
- Arthritis & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Aberdeen Centre for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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28
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Dietz AB, Dozois EJ, Fletcher JG, Butler GW, Radel D, Lightner AL, Dave M, Friton J, Nair A, Camilleri ET, Dudakovic A, van Wijnen AJ, Faubion WA. Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Applied in a Bioabsorbable Matrix, for Treatment of Perianal Fistulas in Patients With Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:59-62.e2. [PMID: 28400193 PMCID: PMC5484717 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In patients with Crohn's disease, perianal fistulas recur frequently, causing substantial morbidity. We performed a 12-patient, 6-month, phase 1 trial to determine whether autologous mesenchymal stem cells, applied in a bioabsorbable matrix, can heal the fistula. Fistula repair was not associated with any serious adverse events related to mesenchymal stem cells or plug placement. At 6 months, 10 of 12 patients (83%) had complete clinical healing and radiographic markers of response. We found placement of mesenchymal stem cell-coated matrix fistula plugs in 12 patients with chronic perianal fistulas to be safe and lead to clinical healing and radiographic response in 10 patients. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01915927.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan B. Dietz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Co-corresponding authors: Allan B. Dietz, . Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester MN 55905, Phone: 507-284-3336, Fax: 507-284-1399, William A. Faubion, . Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester MN 55905, Phone: 507-293-0970, Fax: 507255-6318
| | - Eric J. Dozois
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Greg W. Butler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Darcie Radel
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amy L. Lightner
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maneesh Dave
- Division of Gastroenterology & Liver Disease, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jessica Friton
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Asha Nair
- Department of Biomedical Statistics and Information, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - William A. Faubion
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Co-corresponding authors: Allan B. Dietz, . Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester MN 55905, Phone: 507-284-3336, Fax: 507-284-1399, William A. Faubion, . Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester MN 55905, Phone: 507-293-0970, Fax: 507255-6318
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29
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Dudakovic A, Gluscevic M, Paradise CR, Dudakovic H, Khani F, Thaler R, Ahmed FS, Li X, Dietz AB, Stein GS, Montecino MA, Deyle DR, Westendorf JJ, van Wijnen AJ. Profiling of human epigenetic regulators using a semi-automated real-time qPCR platform validated by next generation sequencing. Gene 2017; 609:28-37. [PMID: 28132772 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms control phenotypic commitment of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) into osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic lineages. To investigate enzymes and chromatin binding proteins controlling the epigenome, we developed a hybrid expression screening strategy that combines semi-automated real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR), next generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and a novel data management application (FileMerge). This strategy was used to interrogate expression of a large cohort (n>300) of human epigenetic regulators (EpiRegs) that generate, interpret and/or edit the histone code. We find that EpiRegs with similar enzymatic functions are variably expressed and specific isoforms dominate over others in human MSCs. This principle is exemplified by analysis of key histone acetyl transferases (HATs) and deacetylases (HDACs), H3 lysine methyltransferases (e.g., EHMTs) and demethylases (KDMs), as well as bromodomain (BRDs) and chromobox (CBX) proteins. Our results show gender-specific expression of H3 lysine 9 [H3K9] demethylases (e.g., KDM5D and UTY) as expected and upregulation of distinct EpiRegs (n>30) during osteogenic differentiation of MSCs (e.g., HDAC5 and HDAC7). The functional significance of HDACs in osteogenic lineage commitment of MSCs was functionally validated using panobinostat (LBH-589). This pan-deacetylase inhibitor suppresses osteoblastic differentiation as evidenced by reductions in bone-specific mRNA markers (e.g., ALPL), alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition (i.e., Alizarin Red staining). Thus, our RT-qPCR platform identifies candidate EpiRegs by expression screening, predicts biological outcomes of their corresponding inhibitors, and enables manipulation of the human epigenome using molecular or pharmacological approaches to control stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Dudakovic
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | | | - Farzaneh Khani
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Roman Thaler
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Farah S Ahmed
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gary S Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont Medical School, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Martin A Montecino
- Center for Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Departments of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Physiology & Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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