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Model of Early Stage Intermediate in Respect to Its Final Structure. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9120866. [PMID: 31842350 PMCID: PMC6995543 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The model, describing a method of determining the structure of an early intermediate in the process of protein folding to analyze nonredundant PDB protein bases, allows determining the relationship between the sequence of tetrapeptides and their structural forms expressed by structural codes. The contingency table expressing such a relationship can be used to predict the structure of polypeptides by proposing a structural form with a precision limited to the structural code. However, by analyzing structural forms in native forms of proteins based on the fuzzy oil drop model, one can also determine the status of polypeptide chain fragments with respect to the assumptions of this model. Whether the probability distributions for both compliant and noncompliant forms were similar or whether the tetrapeptide sequences showed some differences at a level of a set of structural codes was investigated. The analysis presented here indicated that some sequences in both forms revealed differences in probability distributions expressed as a negative statistically significant correlation coefficient. This meant that the identified sections (tetrapeptides) took different forms against the fuzzy oil drop model. It may suggest that the information of the final status with respect to hydrophobic core formation is already carried by the structure of the early-stage intermediate.
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Fabian P, Stapor K, Banach M, Ptak-Kaczor M, Konieczny L, Roterman I. Different Synergy in Amyloids and Biologically Active Forms of Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4436. [PMID: 31505841 PMCID: PMC6769701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein structure is the result of the high synergy of all amino acids present in the protein. This synergy is the result of an overall strategy for adapting a specific protein structure. It is a compromise between two trends: The optimization of non-binding interactions and the directing of the folding process by an external force field, whose source is the water environment. The geometric parameters of the structural form of the polypeptide chain in the form of a local radius of curvature that is dependent on the orientation of adjacent peptide bond planes (result of the respective Phi and Psi rotation) allow for a comparative analysis of protein structures. Certain levels of their geometry are the criteria for comparison. In particular, they can be used to assess the differences between the structural form of biologically active proteins and their amyloid forms. On the other hand, the application of the fuzzy oil drop model allows the assessment of the role of amino acids in the construction of tertiary structure through their participation in the construction of a hydrophobic core. The combination of these two models-the geometric structure of the backbone and the determining of the participation in the construction of the tertiary structure that is applied for the comparative analysis of biologically active and amyloid forms-is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Fabian
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stapor
- Institute of Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 16, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Banach
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Ptak-Kaczor
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, 31-034 Krakow, Poland
| | - Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
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Gadzała M, Dułak D, Kalinowska B, Baster Z, Bryliński M, Konieczny L, Banach M, Roterman I. The aqueous environment as an active participant in the protein folding process. J Mol Graph Model 2018; 87:227-239. [PMID: 30580160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Existing computational models applied in the protein structure prediction process do not sufficiently account for the presence of the aqueous solvent. The solvent is usually represented by a predetermined number of H2O molecules in the bounding box which contains the target chain. The fuzzy oil drop (FOD) model, presented in this paper, follows an alternative approach, with the solvent assuming the form of a continuous external hydrophobic force field, with a Gaussian distribution. The effect of this force field is to guide hydrophobic residues towards the center of the protein body, while promoting exposure of hydrophilic residues on its surface. This work focuses on the following sample proteins: Engrailed homeodomain (RCSB: 1enh), Chicken villin subdomain hp-35, n68h (RCSB: 1yrf), Chicken villin subdomain hp-35, k65(nle), n68h, k70(nle) (RCSB: 2f4k), Thermostable subdomain from chicken villin headpiece (RCSB: 1vii), de novo designed single chain three-helix bundle (a3d) (RCSB: 2a3d), albumin-binding domain (RCSB: 1prb) and lambda repressor-operator complex (RCSB: 1lmb).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawid Dułak
- ABB Business Services Sp. z o.o. ul. Żegańska 1, 04-713, Warszawa, Poland.
| | - Barbara Kalinowska
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, 11 Łojasiewicza Street, Kraków, Poland; Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530, Kraków, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Baster
- Department of Molecular and Interfacial Biophysics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy, Applied Computer Science Jagiellonian University, 11 Łojasiewicza Street, Kraków, Poland; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Michał Bryliński
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA; Center for Computation & Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Kopernika 7E, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mateusz Banach
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Jagiellonian University - Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530, Kraków, Poland.
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Dułak D, Gadzała M, Banach M, Ptak M, Wiśniowski Z, Konieczny L, Roterman I. Filamentous Aggregates of Tau Proteins Fulfil Standard Amyloid Criteria Provided by the Fuzzy Oil Drop (FOD) Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2910. [PMID: 30257460 PMCID: PMC6213535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal filamentous aggregates that are formed by tangled tau protein turn out to be classic amyloid fibrils, meeting all the criteria defined under the fuzzy oil drop model in the context of amyloid characterization. The model recognizes amyloids as linear structures where local hydrophobicity minima and maxima propagate in an alternating manner along the fibril's long axis. This distribution of hydrophobicity differs greatly from the classic monocentric hydrophobic core observed in globular proteins. Rather than becoming a globule, the amyloid instead forms a ribbonlike (or cylindrical) structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawid Dułak
- ABB Business Services Sp. z o.o. ul. Żegańska 1, 04-713 Warszawa, Poland.
| | | | - Mateusz Banach
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Ptak
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
- Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Applied Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Łojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Zdzisław Wiśniowski
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Leszek Konieczny
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Irena Roterman
- Department of Bioinformatics and Telemedicine, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland.
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