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Kotowski M, Adamczyk P, Szydlowski J. Micro RNAs and Circular RNAs in Different Forms of Otitis Media. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076752. [PMID: 37047725 PMCID: PMC10095330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this comprehensive review was to present the current knowledge on the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in acute, recurrent, and chronic forms of otitis media. Special attention was focused on cholesteatoma of the middle ear. MicroRNAs modulate gene expression, which, in turn, influences the development and likelihood of the recurrence of acute and aggressive chronic middle ear inflammatory processes. Moreover, this study discusses the modulating role of a specific subgroup of noncoding RNA, circular RNA (circRNA). Recognizing the precise potential pathways and the mechanisms of their function may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular bases of middle ear diseases and identifying novel methods for treating this demanding pathology. Articles published between 2009 and 2022 were used in this analysis. In this review, we provide a complete overview of the latest progress in identifying the role and mechanisms of particular miRNAs and circRNAs in acute, recurrent and chronic forms of otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kotowski
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paulina Adamczyk
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Szydlowski
- Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland
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Ao C, Li C, Chen J, Tan J, Zeng L. The role of Cdk5 in neurological disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:951202. [PMID: 35966199 PMCID: PMC9368323 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.951202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are a group of disorders with motor, sensory or cognitive damage, caused by dysfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system. Cyclin-dependent kinases 5 (Cdk5) is of vital significance for the development of the nervous system, including the migration and differentiation of neurons, the formation of synapses, and axon regeneration. However, when the nervous system is subject to pathological stimulation, aberrant activation of Cdk5 will induce abnormal phosphorylation of a variety of substrates, resulting in a cascade signaling pathway, and thus lead to pathological changes. Cdk5 is intimately related to the pathological mechanism of a variety of neurological disorders, such as A-β protein formation in Alzheimer’s disease, mitochondrial fragmentation in cerebral ischemia, and apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease. It is worth noting that Cdk5 inhibitors have been reported to have neuroprotective effects by inhibiting related pathological processes. Therefore, in this review, we will briefly introduce the physiological and pathological mechanisms of Cdk5 in the nervous system, focusing on the recent advances of Cdk5 in neurological disorders and the prospect of targeted Cdk5 for the treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuncao Ao
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinlun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Model for Human Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liuwang Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Liuwang Zeng
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Spankovich C, Walters BJ. Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia and Putative Mechanisms of Hair Cell Survival in the Cochlea. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 36:1203-1214. [PMID: 34619988 PMCID: PMC9221161 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Sensorineural hearing loss has significant implications for quality of life and risk for comorbidities such as cognitive decline. Noise and ototoxic drugs represent two common risk factors for acquired hearing loss that are potentially preventable. Recent Advances: Numerous otoprotection strategies have been postulated over the past four decades with primary targets of upstream redox pathways. More recently, the application of mild therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has shown promise for otoprotection for multiple forms of acquired hearing loss. Critical Issues: Systemic antioxidant therapy may have limited application for certain ototoxic drugs with a therapeutic effect on redox pathways and diminished efficacy of the primary drug's therapeutic function (e.g., cisplatin for tumors). Future Directions: Mild TH likely targets multiple mechanisms, contributing to otoprotection, including slowed metabolics, reduced oxidative stress, and involvement of cold shock proteins. Further work is needed to identify the mechanisms of mild TH at play for various forms of acquired hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Spankovich
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Bradley J. Walters
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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Sui R, Shi W, Han S, Fan X, Zhang X, Wang N, Zhang H, Xu A, Liu C. MiR-142-5p directly targets cyclin-dependent kinase 5-mediated upregulation of the inflammatory process in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma. Mol Immunol 2021; 141:236-245. [PMID: 34875451 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses. MiR-142-5p is an important inflammation-associated miRNA, whose abnormal expression has been associated with a variety of inflammation-related diseases. However, the role and signaling pathways targeted by miR-142-5p in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma (AMEC) have not been fully elucidated. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), a special member of the CDK family compared with classic cyclins that plays a critical role in the inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the roles of miR-142-5p and CDK5 in inflammatory responses in AMEC. Our results revealed that the expression of miR-142-5p was significantly reduced in AMEC, and was negatively correlated with the expression of CDK5 (r=-0.5451). We also found that miR-142-5p can inhibit CDK5 expression by directly target 3' untranslated region (UTR) of CDK5. Additionally, our findings indicated that the increased expression of CDK5 induces the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In order to further confirm the involvement of miR-142-5p in the regulation of the inflammatory response in AMEC through its inhibitory effect on CDK5 expression, we studied the inflammatory response in HaCaT cells transfected with small interfering RNA against CDK5 (si-CDK5) and a miR-142-5p inhibitor. The results confirmed that miR-142-5p regulates the inflammatory response in AMEC by downregulating CDK5. In summary, miR-142-5p directly inhibits the CDK5-mediated upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in AMEC, which makes it a potential therapeutic target in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcui Sui
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Zhoucun District People's Hospital, 72 Mianhua Shi Road, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shuhui Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xintai Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianzhao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, 6 Health Road, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Anting Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Chengcheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 274 Beiyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, China; Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, 324 Jingwu Weiqi Road, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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