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Gong G, Wan W, Liu X, Yin J. Apelin-13, a regulator of autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation in multifaceted bone protection. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109991. [PMID: 37012875 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Apelin/APJ is widely distributed in various tissues in the body and participates in the regulation of physiological and pathological mechanisms such as autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Apelin-13 is an adipokine family member with multiple biological roles and has been shown to be involved in the development and progression of bone diseases. In the process of osteoporosis and fracture healing, Apelin-13 plays an osteoprotective role by regulating the autophagy and apoptosis of BMSCs, and promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. In addition, Apelin-13 also attenuates the progression of arthritis by regulating the inflammatory response of macrophages. In conclusion, Apelin-13 has an important connection with bone protection, which provides a new strategy for the clinical treatment of bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gong
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 211002, China
| | - Wenhui Wan
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 211002, China
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Jian Yin
- Department of Orthopedics, the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211100, China.
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Zhao H, Wang Q, Hu L, Xing S, Gong H, Liu Z, Qin P, Xu J, Du J, Ai W, Peng S, Li Y. Dynamic Alteration of the Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity and Intestinal Inflammation in Ovariectomy C57BL/6 Mice. Int J Endocrinol 2022; 2022:6600158. [PMID: 35103060 PMCID: PMC8800624 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6600158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Estrogen is a critical hormone that is mainly produced by the ovary in females. Estrogen deficiency leads to various syndromes and diseases, partly due to gut microbiota alterations. Previous studies have shown that estrogen deficiency affects the gut microbiota at 6-8 weeks after ovariectomy, but the immediate effect of estrogen deficiency on the gut microbiota remains poorly understood. METHODS To investigate the short time and dynamic effects of decreased estrogen levels on the gut microbiota and their potential impact on estrogen deficiency-related diseases, we performed metagenomic sequencing of 260 fecal samples from 50 ovariectomy (OVX) and 15 control C57BL/6 female mice at four time points after surgery. RESULTS We found that seven gut microbiota species, including E. coli, Parabacteroides unclassified, Lachnospiraceae bacterium 8_1_57FAA, Bacteroides uniformis, Veillonella unclassified, Bacteroides xylanisolvens, and Firmicutes bacterium M10_2, were abundant in OVX mice. The abundance of these species increased with time after OVX surgery. The relative abundance of the opportunistic pathogen E. coli and the Crohn's disease-related Veillonella spp. was significantly correlated with mouse weight gain in the OVX group. Butyrate production and the Entner-Doudoroff pathway were significantly enriched in the control mouse group, while the degradation of glutamic acid and aspartic acid was enriched in the OVX mouse group. As the time after OVX surgery increased, the bacterial species and metabolic pathways significantly changed and tended to suggest an inflammatory environment, indicating a subhealthy state of the gut microbiota in the OVX mouse group. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results show that the dynamic gut microbiota profile alteration caused by estrogen deficiency is related to obesity and inflammation, which may lead to immune and metabolic disorders. This study provides new clues for the treatment of estrogen deficiency-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730010, Gansu, China
| | - Liqiu Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University Second College of Medicine, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Shaojun Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- Department of Computer Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Panpan Qin
- Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao 266555, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Human Commensal Microorganisms and Health Research, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730010, Gansu, China
| | - Jihui Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Wen Ai
- Medical Research Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518102, China
| | - Songlin Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Jinan University Second College of Medicine, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518052, China
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KIM SH, KIM J. The Relationship between Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome and Bone Mineral Density in Menopausal Korean Women. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 48:1025-1032. [PMID: 31341843 PMCID: PMC6635349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in menopausal women are potential causes of osteoporosis. However, there is no consensus on this. We aimed to determine the relationship between risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density (BMD) in menopausal Korean women. METHODS We enrolled 205 menopausal Korean women who visited a health promotion center in Seoul in 2015 and divided them into the following two groups according to the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria with modified waist-circumference criteria: the non-MetS group (Group 1, n=90) and the MetS group (Group 2, n=115). Anthropometric parameters and clinical parameters, including blood pressure, blood lipid profile (cholesterol, triglycerides), and fasting blood sugar levels were recorded for all participants. BMD at the lumbar spine was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The relationship between the risk factors of MetS and bone mineral density was analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS There was no significant difference in risk factors of MetS between the groups. In correlation tests, waist circumference showed a significant association with body surface area (BSA) (r = -0.242, P < 0.001). Diastolic blood pressure was correlated with BSA (r = 0.186, P < 0.01) and bone mineral content (BMC) (r = 0.161, P < 0.05). However, multiple regression analysis showed no significant relationship between MetS risk factors and BMD. CONCLUSION The risk factors of MetS did not affect BMD in menopausal Korean women. Follow-up studies with a larger study population are necessary size to allow the investigation of other research variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Hee KIM
- School of Humanities and Social Science, College of Liberal Arts and Convergence Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung KIM
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu-si, Korea,Corresponding Author:
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Han XF, Zhang XX, Liu KM, Zhang Q. Apelin-13 deficiency alters cortical bone geometry, organic bone matrix, and inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 267:29-35. [PMID: 29857005 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Adipokines play key roles in the regulation of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and bone growth. As a newly discovered hormone in the adipokines family, the precise role of Apelin-13 on bone metabolism is not yet clear. Apelin-13 and 25(OH)D3 expression were detected in freshly isolated serum of healthy individuals and osteoporosis patients with ELISA method. Apelin-13 deficient mice were set up and cortical bone geometry was measured with micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) at 5 months old, then profile of organic bone matrix genes was detected with quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR). Wnt/β-catenin signaling molecules were assayed in primary osteocytes isolated from neonatal calvarias. Apelin-13 and 25(OH)D3 showed decreased expression in osteoporosis patients. Five-month-old Apelin deficient mice exhibited decreased total and bone marrow cavity area and periosteal and endocortical bone surface. Deficiency of Apelin-13 downregulated collagen maturation associated genes (loxl3 and loxl4) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, while loxl2 was upregulated, all of which indicated that Apelin-13 could play a role in regulating skeletal homeostasis. The decrease in bone formation in Apelin-13 deficient mice is associated with downregulation of organic bone matrix genes and Wnt/β-catenin signaling molecules, all of these indicate that association of Apelin-13 with bone mineral density (BMD) could be mediated by Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, 230011 Anhui, China
| | - Xin-Xiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, 230011 Anhui, China
| | - Ke-Mei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, 230011 Anhui, China
| | - Qiu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China.
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Anagnostis P, Paschou SA, Gkekas NN, Artzouchaltzi AM, Christou K, Stogiannou D, Vryonidou A, Potoupnis M, Goulis DG. Efficacy of anti-osteoporotic medications in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Endocrine 2018; 60:373-383. [PMID: 29411304 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Both type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been associated with bone fragility and increased fracture risk. However, little is known regarding the effect of anti-osteoporotic treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) and/or fracture risk in these patients. We aimed to systematically investigate the efficacy of anti-osteoporotic medications in patients with diabetes in comparison with non-diabetic subjects. METHODS MEDLINE and Scopus databases were searched (up to 31st October 2017). RESULTS Nine studies fulfilled the pre-defined inclusion criteria [patients with T2DM (n = 8) or either T1DM or T2DM (n = 1)]. Regarding fracture risk, five studies were identified. Alendronate demonstrated comparable vertebral anti-fracture efficacy in patients with and without diabetes (n = 2), whereas non-vertebral fracture risk was either the same (n = 1) or higher in diabetic patients (n = 1). Raloxifene also demonstrated comparable vertebral anti-fracture efficacy in both groups (n = 2), without any effect on non-vertebral fractures in either group. In one study, diabetic patients exposed to raloxifene demonstrated the same vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk with non-diabetic patients. Teriparatide (n = 1) demonstrated the same non-vertebral fracture rates in both patients with and without T2DM. Regarding BMD, equal increases in spine BMD were observed with alendronate (n = 4), risedronate (n = 1), and teriparatide (n = 1). With respect to hip BMD, similar increases were observed with teriparatide (n = 1), whereas data regarding alendronate were controversial (n = 3). No eligible study was found for zoledronic acid, ibandronate, strontium ranelate, denosumab, or bazedoxifene. CONCLUSIONS The presence of diabetes does not alter anti-osteoporotic treatment response, regarding BMD increase and vertebral fracture risk reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Anagnostis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
- Police Medical Center of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Stavroula A Paschou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, "Aghia Sophia" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nifon N Gkekas
- Police Medical Center of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Andromachi Vryonidou
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Hellenic Red Cross Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Potoupnis
- Academic Orthopaedic Unit, General Hospital Papageorgiou, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Ghazanfarpour M, Najafi MN, Sharghi NB, Mousavi MS, Babakhanian M, Rakhshanded H. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on menopausal symptoms: A high placebo response. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2018; 19:122-127. [PMID: 29755029 PMCID: PMC6085528 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.2017.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral fennel on menopausal symptoms. Material and Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted on 50 postmenopausal women in Mashhad (Iran). Patients were randomly divided into two groups of fennel (n=25) and placebo (n=25). Measurements were performed at baseline and after three months using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire. Results: Both placebo and treatment groups revealed significant improvements in the hot flush score (p<0.001 for fennel and p<0.01 for placebo), night sweats (p=0.007 for fennel and p<0.01 for placebo), sweating (p=0.002 for fennel and p<0.01 for placebo), symptoms of anxiety (p=0.05 for fennel and p=0.001 for placebo), feeling depressed (p<0.01 for fennel and p=0.006 for placebo), and impatience with other people (p<0.01 for fennel and p=0.003 for placebo). There were no significant differences in any menopausal symptoms between the fennel and placebo groups, except for coughing and sneezing when urinating (p=0.03). Conclusion: The failure to indicate a significant effect may have been caused by a high placebo response. It is suggested that future trials should include a placebo run-in phase or design a sequential, parallel study with larger sample sizes to mitigate the placebo effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Ghazanfarpour
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mona Najaf Najafi
- Department of Community Medicine, Imam Reza Clinical Research Units, Mashhad University of Medicl Sciences School of Medicine, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Sadat Mousavi
- Department of Midwifery, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Masoudeh Babakhanian
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshanded
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Hamdan AL, Ziade G, Tabet G, Btaiche R, Fakhri G, Yatim F, Sarieddine D, Seoud M. Vocal Symptoms and Acoustic Findings in Menopausal Women in Comparison to Pre-menopause Women with Body Mass Index as a Confounding Variable. J Menopausal Med 2017; 23:117-123. [PMID: 28951860 PMCID: PMC5606909 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2017.23.2.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To compare the prevalence of phonatory symptoms in menopausal women compared to pre-menopause women with body mass index (BMI) as a confounding variable. Methods A total of 69 women, 34 menopausal and 35 pre-menopausal were invited to participate in this study. Demographic variables included age, smoking, and BMI. All subjects were asked about the presence hoarseness, loss of high or low frequencies, pitch breaks, throat clearing, dryness in the throat and vocal fatigue. Acoustic analysis was performed and the Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10 was filled by all the subjects. Results There was a significantly higher prevalence of throat clearing and dryness in the menopausal group compared to the pre-menopause group with a P value of 0.035 and 0.032 respectively. When BMI was taken into account, there was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of any of the phonatory symptoms in menopausal women with high BMI and pre-menopause. There was no statistically significant difference in the means of any of the acoustic parameters between the menopausal group and pre-menopausal group. There was no significant difference in the mean VHI-10 between the menopause group and the pre-menopause (P = 0.652). Conclusions The results of this investigation substantiate the importance of fat as an alternative source of estrogen which can mask some of the phonatory symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul-Latif Hamdan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Ziade
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Tabet
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rachel Btaiche
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghina Fakhri
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Firas Yatim
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Doja Sarieddine
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Muhieddine Seoud
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, American University of Beirut-Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Ghazanfarpour M, Amini E, Khadivzadeh T, Babakhanian M, Nouri B, Rakhshandeh H, Afiat M. The Effect of Short-term Treatment with Fennel on Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Menopausal Med 2017; 23:124-130. [PMID: 28951861 PMCID: PMC5606910 DOI: 10.6118/jmm.2017.23.2.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The goal of this study is to assess the effect of fennel on bone density. Methods This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, which studied sixty eligible postmenopausal women, who were randomly assigned to fennel and placebo groups. Then, the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was utilized to measure bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the spine, femoral neck, intertrochanter, and trochanter at the baseline and after three-month follow-up. Results The mean BMD and BMC at lumbar spine (P = 0.14, P = 0.504), total hip femoral (P = 0.427, P = 0.471), trochanter (P = 0.075, P = 0.07), intertrochanter, (P = 0.864, P = 0.932) and femoral neck (P = 0.439, P = 0.641) was not significantly different between the fennel and placebo groups. Conclusions The results of this study did not approve the effect of fennel on bone density in post-menopausal women. However, to gain deeper insights, further studies with longer durations and larger sample sizes are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Ghazanfarpour
- Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, Nursing and Midwifery School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Amini
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Talat Khadivzadeh
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoudeh Babakhanian
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahareh Nouri
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hassan Rakhshandeh
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Afiat
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Glucose tolerance female-specific QTL mapped in collaborative cross mice. Mamm Genome 2016; 28:20-30. [PMID: 27807798 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-016-9667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex metabolic disease characterized by impaired glucose tolerance. Despite environmental high risk factors, host genetic background is a strong component of T2D development. Herein, novel highly genetically diverse strains of collaborative cross (CC) lines from mice were assessed to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with variations of glucose-tolerance response. In total, 501 mice of 58 CC lines were maintained on high-fat (42 % fat) diet for 12 weeks. Thereafter, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) was performed for 180 min. Subsequently, the values of Area under curve for the glucose at zero and 180 min (AUC0-180), were measured, and used for QTL mapping. Heritability and coefficient of variations in glucose tolerance (CVg) were calculated. One-way analysis of variation was significant (P < 0.001) for AUC0-180 between the CC lines as well between both sexes. Despite Significant variations for both sexes, QTL analysis was significant, only for females, reporting a significant female-sex-dependent QTL (~2.5 Mbp) associated with IPGTT AUC0-180 trait, located on Chromosome 8 (32-34.5 Mbp, containing 51 genes). Gene browse revealed QTL for body weight/size, genes involved in immune system, and two main protein-coding genes involved in the Glucose homeostasis, Mboat4 and Leprotl1. Heritability and coefficient of genetic variance (CVg) were 0.49 and 0.31 for females, while for males, these values 0.34 and 0.22, respectively. Our findings demonstrate the roles of genetic factors controlling glucose tolerance, which significantly differ between sexes requiring independent studies for females and males toward T2D prevention and therapy.
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Polygonatum stenophyllum improves menopausal obesity via regulation of lipolysis-related enzymes. J Nat Med 2016; 70:789-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1018-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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