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Lu D, Yuan L, Ma X, Meng F, Xu D, Jia S, Wang Z, Li Y, Zhang Z, Nan Y. The mechanism of polyphyllin in the treatment of gastric cancer was verified based on network pharmacology and experimental validation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31452. [PMID: 38831826 PMCID: PMC11145480 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Polyphyllin is a class of saponins extracted from Paris polyphylla rhizomes and has been used in clinical application in China for more than 2000 years. However, the mechanism for treating gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. This study was designed to predict the targets and mechanisms of total Polyphyllin from Paris polyphylla rhizomes for the treatment of GC. Method Firstly, PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases were utilized to collect the 12 ingredients of total Polyphyllin from Paris polyphylla rhizomes and their targets. GC-related genes were obtained from the GEO database. Then the intersecting targets to all these molecules that identified using Venny. Secondly, the intersecting targets were imported into STRING platform for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Moreover, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted in DAVID website. In addition, the GEPIA was applied to perform the expression levels, transcript levels, staging, and overall survival of hub genes. In addition, we used AutoDock Vina to evaluate binding affinity of molecular docking between key ingredients and anti-GC targets. In vitro cell experiments, we detected the cell viability of gastric cancer cells at 24, 36, and 48 h using CCK-8 assay. The G0/G1 of cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. Finally, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the level of hub genes, and Western blot was used to detect the changes of PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Results Firstly, we identified 12 ingredients and 286 targets of total Polyphyllin. A total of 2653 GC-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were collected, including 1366 up-regulated genes and 1287 down-regulated genes. Moreover, 45 targets were obtained after intersection. Secondly, results of the GO enrichment suggested that these genes were closely related to cell proliferation, migration and aging. KEGG analysis suggested that Polyphyllin in GC therapy were mostly regulated by multiple pathways, including the pathways in cancer, calcium signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, phospholipase D signaling pathway, etc. In addition, GEPIA results exhibited that PDGFRB, KIT, FGF1, GLI1, F2R, and HIF1A were associated with GC progression, stage, and survival. Besides, the molecular docking results further confirmed that the binding energy of Polyphyllin Ⅲ with HIF1A was minimal. In vitro cell experiments, Polyphyllin Ⅲ inhibited the cell viability of gastric cancer cells, blocked the cell cycle G0/G1 phase, and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, Polyphyllin Ⅲ down-regulated the mRNA levels of PDGFRB, KIT, FGF1, GLI1, F2R, and HIF1A, and regulated the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. Conclusions The results revealed that total Polyphyllin treated GC through multiple targets, multiple channels, and multiple pathways. In addition, Polyphyllin Ⅲ played an anti-gastric cancer role by inhibiting the proliferation of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Wuzhong 751100, Ningxia, China
| | - Fandi Meng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Duojie Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Shumin Jia
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhaozhao Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medical Gastrointestinal, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China
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Acar G, Aktaş A. Assessment of jaw bone mineral density, resorption rates, and oral health in patients with severe hemophilia: a case-control study. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 83:132-139. [PMID: 38597918 DOI: 10.2340/aos.v83.40337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knowledge about oral hygiene, gingival bleeding, mineral density, and resorption of jaw bones in patients with hemophilia is limited. We evaluated the periodontal and bone status in such patients. Material and methods: Forty-eight patients with severe type A/B hemophilia and 49 age- and sex-matched controls were included. Assessments included simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), calculus index, debris index, gingival index (GI), gingival bleeding time index (GBTI), and decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFTI). Bone resorption was evaluated using panoramic mandibular index (PMI), mental index (MI), and alveolar crest ratio (ACR). Mineral density in the condyle, angulus, and premolar areas was assessed using fractal analysis, with fractal dimensions denoted as condyle fractal dimension (CFD) for the condyle, angulus fractal dimension (AFD) for angulus, and premolar fractal dimension (PFD) for premolar region. RESULTS The mean scores were DMFTI = 11.77, OHI-S = 2.44, PMI = 0.268, MI = 5.822, GI = 3.02, GBTI = 2.64, ACR = 2.06, CFD = 1.31, AFD = 1.31, and PFD = 1.17 in the hemophilia group and DMFTI = 11.449, PMI = 0.494, MI = 7.43, GI = 0.67, GBTI = 0.98, OHI-S = 1.45, ACR = 2.87, CFD = 1.35, AFD = 1.35, and PDF = 1.23 in the control group. Differences were significant for all parameters (p < 0.005) except for the DMFTI index. Conclusions: Because of poor oral hygiene, high bone resorption, and low bone mineral density in these patients, clinicians should consider potential bone changes when planning to treat these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülin Acar
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Alper Aktaş
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Teng Y, Tang H, Tao X, Huang Y, Fan Y. Ferrostatin 1 ameliorates UVB-induced damage of HaCaT cells by regulating ferroptosis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15018. [PMID: 38414007 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, occurs when there is oxidative stress and lipid peroxides. This condition is marked by lipid peroxidation that relies on iron and the reduction of cellular defences against oxidation. To investigate the effect of UVB irradiation on ferroptosis of human keratinocytes HaCaT cells, the cells were pretreated with Ferrostatin 1 (Fer-1, 10 μM), an ferroptosis inhibitor and then irradiated with UVB (20 mJ/cm2 ) for 30 min to detect related indexes of ferroptosis through MTT assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, western blotting. Results showed that UVB significantly reduced cell activity, promoted apoptosis and ROS level, whereas Fer-1 significantly increased cell activity, and reduced apoptosis and ROS level. In addition, UVB significantly reduced levels of ferroptosis-related proteins and skin barrier-related proteins, and increased levels of γ-H2AX and iron, whereas Fer-1 significantly increased their protein levels, and reduced levels of γ-H2AX and iron. Conjoint analysis of transcriptomic and proteomic revealed that UVB significantly reduced the levels of TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3 (TIMP3), and coagulation factor II thrombin receptor (F2R), whereas Fer-1 significantly promoted the levels of TIMP3, and F2R. Therefore, our results indicated that Fer-1 significantly ameliorates UVB-induced damage of HaCaT cells by regulating the levels of TIMP3 and F2R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teng
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Tang
- Graduate School of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Youming Huang
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yibin Fan
- Center for Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, China
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Canalis E, Schilling L, Yu J, Denker E. NOTCH2 promotes osteoclast maturation and metabolism and modulates the transcriptome profile during osteoclastogenesis. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105613. [PMID: 38159855 PMCID: PMC10837628 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling plays a key regulatory role in bone remodeling and NOTCH2 enhances osteoclastogenesis, an effect that is mostly mediated by its target gene Hes1. In the present study, we explored mechanisms responsible for the enhanced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) from Notch2tm1.1Ecan, harboring a NOTCH2 gain-of-function mutation, and control mice. Notch2tm1.1Ecan mice are osteopenic and have enhanced osteoclastogenesis. Bulk RNA-Seq and gene set enrichment analysis of Notch2tm1.1Ecan BMMs cultured in the presence of macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand revealed enrichment of genes associated with enhanced cell metabolism, aerobic respiration, and mitochondrial function, all associated with osteoclastogenesis. These pathways were not enhanced in the context of a Hes1 inactivation. Analysis of single cell RNA-Seq data of pooled control and Notch2tm1.1Ecan BMMs treated with M-CSF or M-CSF and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand for 3 days identified 11 well-defined cellular clusters. Pseudotime trajectory analysis indicated a trajectory of clusters expressing genes associated with osteoclast progenitors, osteoclast precursors, and mature cells. There were an increased number of cells expressing gene markers associated with the osteoclast and with an unknown, albeit related, cluster in Notch2tm1.1Ecan than in control BMMs as well as enhanced expression of genes associated with osteoclast progenitors and precursors in Notch2tm1.1Ecan cells. In conclusion, BMM cultures display cellular heterogeneity, and NOTCH2 enhances osteoclastogenesis, increases mitochondrial and metabolic activity of osteoclasts, and affects cell cluster allocation in BMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Lauren Schilling
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Emily Denker
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Jo HG, Baek CY, Kim D, Kim S, Han Y, Park C, Song HS, Lee D. Network analysis, in vivo, and in vitro experiments identified the mechanisms by which Piper longum L. [Piperaceae] alleviates cartilage destruction, joint inflammation, and arthritic pain. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1282943. [PMID: 38328576 PMCID: PMC10847597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1282943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by irreversible joint destruction, pain, and dysfunction. Piper longum L. [Piperaceae] (PL) is an East Asian herbal medicine with reported anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-stress, and anti-osteoporotic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of PL in inhibiting pain and progressive joint destruction in OA based on its anti-inflammatory activity, and to explore its potential mechanisms using in vivo and in vitro models of OA. We predicted the potential hub targets and signaling pathways of PL through network analysis and molecular docking. Network analysis results showed that the possible hub targets of PL against OA were F2R, F3, MMP1, MMP2, MMP9, and PTGS2. The molecular docking results predicted strong binding affinities for the core compounds in PL: piperlongumine, piperlonguminine, and piperine. In vitro experiments showed that PL inhibited the expression of LPS-induced pro-inflammatory factors, such as F2R, F3, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, NOS2, PTGS2, PGE2, and TNF-β. These mechanisms and effects were dose-dependent in vivo models. Furthermore, PL inhibited cartilage degradation in an OA-induced rat model. Thus, this study demonstrated that multiple components of PL may inhibit the multilayered pathology of OA by acting on multiple targets and pathways. These findings highlight the potential of PL as a disease-modifying OA drug candidate, which warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Geun Jo
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
- Naturalis Inc., Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Yun Baek
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghwan Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjin Kim
- National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yewon Han
- National Institute for Korean Medicine Development, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanlim Park
- Smart Software Lab Inc., Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sueb Song
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Lee
- Department of Herbal Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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Yang T, Chen W, Gan K, Wang C, Xie X, Su Y, Lian H, Xu J, Zhao J, Liu Q. Myrislignan targets extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and modulates mitochondrial function to dampen osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:839. [PMID: 37993937 PMCID: PMC10664306 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated osteoclasts cause excessive bone resorption, and disrupt bone homeostasis, leading to osteoporosis. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling is the classical pathway related to osteoclast differentiation, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are closely associated with the differentiation of osteoclasts. Myrislignan (MRL), a natural product derived from nutmeg, has multiple pharmacological activities; however, its therapeutic effect on osteoporosis is unclear. Here, we investigated whether MRL could inhibit osteoclastogenesis and bone mass loss in an ovariectomy mouse model by suppressing mitochondrial function and ERK signaling. METHODS Tartrate-resistant and phosphatase (TRAP) and bone resorption assays were performed to observe the effect of MRL on osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow macrophages. MitoSOX RED and tetramethyl rhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) staining was performed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of MRL on mitochondria. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to detect whether MRL suppressed the expression of osteoclast-specific genes. The impact of MRL on the protein involved in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB pathways was evaluated using western blotting. In addition, a specific ERK agonist LM22B-10, was used to revalidate the inhibitory effect of MRL on ERK. Finally, we established an ovariectomy mouse model to assess the therapeutic effect of MRL on osteoporosis in vivo. RESULTS MRL inhibited osteoclast differentiation and the associated bone resorption, by significantly decreasing osteoclastic gene expression. Mechanistically, MRL inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK by suppressing the mitochondrial function, thereby downregulating the nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) signaling. LM22B-10 treatment further verified the targeted inhibition effect of MRL on ERK. Microscopic computed tomographic and histologic analyses of the tibial tissue sections indicated that ovariectomized mice had lower bone mass and higher expression of ERK compared with normal controls. However, MRL treatment significantly reversed these effects, indicating the anti-osteoporosis effect of MRL. CONCLUSION We report for the first time that MRL inhibits ERK signaling by suppressing mitochondrial function, thereby ameliorating ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Our findings can provide a basis for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Gan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Chaofeng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuangang Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Lian
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, the University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Orthopaedic Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Ling T, Zhang J, Ding F, Ma L. Role of growth differentiation factor 15 in cancer cachexia (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 26:462. [PMID: 37780545 PMCID: PMC10534279 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor-β family, is a stress-induced cytokine. Under normal circumstances, the expression of GDF15 is low in most tissues. It is highly expressed during tissue injury, inflammation, oxidative stress and cancer. GDF15 has been established as a biomarker in patients with cancer, and is associated with cancer cachexia (CC) and poor survival. CC is a multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by severe muscle and adipose tissue atrophy, loss of appetite, anemia and bone loss. Cachexia leads to reductions in quality of life and tolerance to anticancer therapy, and results in a poor prognosis in cancer patients. Dysregulated GDF15 levels have been discovered in patients with CC and animal models, where they have been found to be involved in anorexia and weight loss. Although studies have suggested that GDF15 mediates anorexia and weight loss in CC through its neuroreceptor, glial cell-lineage neurotrophic factor family receptor α-like, the effects of GDF15 on CC and the potential regulatory mechanisms require further elucidation. In the present review, the characteristics of GDF15 and its roles and molecular mechanisms in CC are elaborated. The targeting of GDF15 as a potential therapeutic strategy for CC is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ling
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Fuwan Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Yancheng Third People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224001, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Ma
- Graduate School, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Nong H, Bai Y, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Liu M, Liu P, Zeng G, Zong S. Conditional knockout of PDK1 in osteoclasts suppressed osteoclastogenesis and ameliorated prostate cancer-induced osteolysis in murine model. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:433. [PMID: 37828580 PMCID: PMC10571267 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01425-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development and maintenance of normal bone tissue is maintained by balanced communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The invasion of cancer cells disrupts this balance, leading to osteolysis. As the only bone resorbing cells in vivo, osteoclasts play important roles in cancer-induced osteolysis. However, the role of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) in osteoclast resorption remains unclear. METHODS In our study, we used a receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANK) promoter-driven Cre-LoxP system to conditionally delete the PDK1 gene in osteoclasts in mice. We observed the effect of osteoclast-specific knockout of PDK1 on prostate cancer-induced osteolysis. Bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (BMMs) were extracted and induced to differentiate osteoclasts in vitro to explore the role of PDK1 in osteoclasts. RESULTS In this study, we found that PDK1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice exhibited smaller body sizes when compared to the wild-type (WT) mice. Moreover, deletion of PDK1 in osteoclasts ameliorated osteolysis and rPDK1educed bone resorption markers in the murine model of prostate cancer-induced osteolysis. In vivo, we discovered that osteoclast-specific knockout of suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, bone resorption function, and osteoclast-specific gene expression (Ctsk, TRAP, MMP-9, NFATc1). Western blot analyses of RANKL-induced signaling pathways showed that conditional knockout of PDK1 in osteoclasts inhibited the early nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, which consequently suppressed the downstream induction of NFATc1. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that PDK1 performs an important role in osteoclastogenesis and prostate cancer-induced osteolysis by modulating the PDK1/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Zhang
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Haibin Nong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiguang Bai
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Nanchong Central Hospital, The Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qiong Zhang
- College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Mingfu Liu
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- College of Public Hygiene of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Shaohui Zong
- Department of Spine Osteopathia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
- Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Wang D, Liu Y, Diao S, Shan L, Zhou J. Long Non-Coding RNAs Within Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Promote BMSC Osteogenesis in a Bone Fracture Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1063-1083. [PMID: 36879890 PMCID: PMC9985426 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s398446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of macrophage exosomal long non-coding (lnc)RNAs on bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) osteogenesis and the associated mechanism. Methods Rat BMSCs and spleen macrophages were co-cultured with serum derived from the fracture microenvironment of rat tibia. BMSC osteogenesis was evaluated using Alizarin red staining and the expression of BMP-2, RUNX2, OPN, and OC mRNA. BMSC osteogenesis was evaluated after co-culture with macrophages stimulated using hypoxic conditions or colony-stimulating factor (CSF). The uptake of macrophage-derived exosomes by BMSCs was evaluated using the exosome uptake assay. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify key lncRNAs in the macrophage exosomes. The effect of lncRNA expression levels on BMSC osteogenesis was also assessed using a lncRNA overexpression plasmid and siRNA technology. M1 and M2 macrophages were distinguished using flow cytometry and the key exosomal lncRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. Results In the fracture microenvironment, macrophages (stimulated using either hypoxia or CSF) significantly increased the osteogenic ability of BMSCs. We showed that BMSCs assimilated macrophage-derived vesicles and that the inhibition of exosomal secretion significantly attenuated the macrophage-mediated induction of BMSC osteogenesis. The hypoxia condition led to the up-regulation of 310 lncRNAs and the down-regulation of 575 lncRNAs in macrophage exosomes, while CSF stimulation caused the up-regulation of 557 lncRNAs and the down-regulation of 407 lncRNAs. In total, 108 lncRNAs were co-up-regulated and 326 lncRNAs were co-down-regulated under both conditions. We eventually identified LOC103691165 as a key lncRNA that promoted BMSC osteogenesis and was expressed at similar levels in both M1 and M2 macrophages. Conclusion In the fracture microenvironment, M1 and M2 macrophages promoted BMSC osteogenesis by secreting exosomes containing LOC103691165.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Diao
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China
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10
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Zhu G, Chen W, Tang CY, McVicar A, Edwards D, Wang J, McConnell M, Yang S, Li Y, Chang Z, Li YP. Knockout and Double Knockout of Cathepsin K and Mmp9 reveals a novel function of Cathepsin K as a regulator of osteoclast gene expression and bone homeostasis. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:5522-5538. [PMID: 36147479 PMCID: PMC9461675 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsins play a role in regulation of cell function through their presence in the cell nucleus. However, the role of Cathepsin K (Ctsk) as an epigenetic regulator in osteoclasts remains unknown. Our data demonstrated that Ctsk-/-Mmp9-/- mice have a striking phenotype with a 5-fold increase in bone volume compared with WT. RNA-seq analysis of Ctsk-/- , Mmp9-/- and Ctsk-/-/Mmp9-/- osteoclasts revealed their distinct functions in gene expression regulation, including reduced Cebpa expression, increased Nfatc1 expression, and in signaling pathways activity regulation. Western blots and qPCR data validated these changes. ATAC-seq profiling of Ctsk-/- , Mmp9-/-, and Ctsk-/-/Mmp9-/- osteoclasts indicated the changes resulted from reduced chromatin openness in the promoter region of Cebpa and increased chromatin openness in Nfatc1 promoter in Ctsk-/-/Mmp9-/- osteoclasts compared to that in osteoclasts of WT, Ctsk/- and Mmp9-/- . We found co-localization of Ctsk with c-Fos and cleavage of H3K27me3 in wild-type osteoclasts. Remarkably, cleavage of H3K27me3 was blocked in osteoclasts of Ctsk-/- and Ctsk-/-/Mmp9-/- mice, suggesting that Ctsk may epigenetically regulate distinctive groups of genes' expression by regulating proteolysis of H3K27me3. Ctsk-/-/Mmp9-/- double knockout dramatically protects against ovariectomy induced bone loss. We found that Ctsk may function as an essential epigenetic regulator in modulating levels of H3K27me3 in osteoclast activation and maintaining bone homeostasis. Our study revealed complementary and unique functions of Ctsk as epigenetic regulators for maintaining osteoclast activation and bone homeostasis by orchestrating multiple signaling pathways and targeting both Ctsk and Mmp9 is a novel therapeutic approach for osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guochun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2182, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2182, USA
| | - Chen-Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2182, USA
| | - Abigail McVicar
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Diep Edwards
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Jinwen Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2182, USA
| | - Matthew McConnell
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA
| | - Shuying Yang
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhijie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China,✉ Corresponding author: Yi-Ping Li, E-mail: ; and Zhijie Chang,
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, 70112, USA,Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-2182, USA,✉ Corresponding author: Yi-Ping Li, E-mail: ; and Zhijie Chang,
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11
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Wei R, Zhang L, Hu W, Wu J, Zhang W. CSTA plays a role in osteoclast formation and bone resorption by mediating the DAP12/TREM2 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:12-20. [PMID: 36007331 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cystatin A (CSTA) is a cysteine protease inhibitor that is expressed highly during osteoporosis. However, the exact role of CSTA in osteoporosis remains unknown. In this study, we examined the role of CSTA in the formation, differentiation, and bone resorption of osteoclasts. We extracted bone marrow cells from 8-week-old wildtype mice to obtain RANKL and M-CSF-induced osteoclasts. We performed CSTA overexpression and knockdown experiments in the cells. We analyzed the role of CSTA in the process of osteoclasts by trap staining. In addition, we studied the contribution of CSTA to osteogenesis through the DAP12/TREM2 (DNAX-activating protein of 12 kDa/Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2) complex. We analyzed the role of CSTA in postmenopausal osteoporosis using OVX mouse models. We found that the silencing of CSTA inhibited the differentiation and formation of osteoclasts. The loss of CSTA weakened the expression of osteoclast marker genes. In contrast, overexpression of CSTA significantly increased differentiation and formation of osteoclasts and enhanced bone resorption. Immunofluorescence staining indicated that CSTA and DAP12 are co-expressed in osteoclasts, and the loss of either DAP12 or TREM2 inhibited osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. Suppression of CSTA decreased DAP12 and TREM2 expression, whereas overexpression of CSTA rescued the loss of TREM2 expression caused by DAP12 knockdown. Co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization experiments indicated that CSTA interacted with DAP12. In addition, we found that injection of si-CSTA into OVX mice significantly improved bone parameters. Our research indicates that CSTA interacts with the DAP12/TREM2 complex and could be a potential targeted therapy for osteoporosis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295 Xichang Road, Wu Hua District, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
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12
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Jin F, Zhu Y, Liu M, Wang R, Cui Y, Wu Y, Liu G, Wang Y, Wang X, Ren Z. Babam2 negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis by interacting with Hey1 to inhibit Nfatc1 transcription. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:4482-4496. [PMID: 35864959 PMCID: PMC9295054 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoclast-mediated excessive bone resorption was highly related to diverse bone diseases including osteoporosis. BRISC and BRCA1-A complex member 2 (Babam2) was an evolutionarily conserved protein that is highly expressed in bone tissues. However, whether Babam2 is involved in osteoclast formation is still unclear. In this study, we identify Babam2 as an essential negative regulator of osteoclast formation. We demonstrate that Babam2 knockdown significantly accelerated osteoclast formation and activity, while Babam2 overexpression blocked osteoclast formation and activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that the bone resorption activity was significantly downregulated in Babam2-transgenic mice as compared with wild-type littermates. Consistently, the bone mass of the Babam2-transgenic mice was increased. Furthermore, we found that Babam2-transgenic mice were protected from LPS-induced bone resorption activation and thus reduced the calvarial bone lesions. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of Babam2 on osteoclast differentiation were dependent on Hey1. As silencing Hey1 largely diminished the effects of Babam2 on osteoclastogenesis. Finally, we show that Babam2 interacts with Hey1 to inhibit Nfatc1 transcription. In sum, our results suggested that Babam2 negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by interacting with Hey1 to inhibit Nfatc1 transcription. Therefore, targeting Babam2 may be a novel therapeutic approach for osteoclast-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.,Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yexuan Zhu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Meijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Rongze Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi Cui
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhe Ren
- Guangzhou Jinan Biomedicine Research and Development Center, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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13
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Zheng F, Chen G, Deng H. Identifying the focuses of hereditary gingival fibromatosis with bioinformatics strategies. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:3741-3749. [PMID: 35836867 PMCID: PMC9274550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to detect the undiscovered bioinformatics information about hereditary gingival fibromatosis and find focuses from published datasets. METHODS Two published datasets containing gingival tissue expression profiles of HGF and healthy groups were collected from GEO database. GSE4250 was utilized for cardinality analysis, including the differentially expressed gene analysis, enrichment analyses, hierarchical clustering analysis, and protein-protein interaction network. Key genes were obtained from the protein interaction network plot. GSE58482 was utilized for validation. RESULTS Analysis of the expression profiling by array, there were 785 genes (380 upregulated genes, 405 downregulated genes) expressed differentially between HGF gingival tissue and healthy gingival tissue. KEGG and GO enrichment analyses obtained candidate pathways. Differentially expressed genes were associated with activated pathways like skin barrier pathway and cornified envelope pathway. Repressed pathways included ion homeostasis pathway, receptor ligand activity pathway, and cell population proliferation pathway. Key genes such as F2R, TGM7, and MMP13 were confirmed with differential expression by external validation. CONCLUSION By bioinformatics approaches, we found new discoveries including several pathways and key genes. These discoveries deserve attention and research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumin Zheng
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical UniversityXueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Guangtian Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityNanbaixiang Ouhai District, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Periodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical UniversityXueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou 325027, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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14
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Tang CY, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Zhu G, McVicar A, Li YP, Chen W. GPR125 positively regulates osteoclastogenesis potentially through AKT-NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:2392-2405. [PMID: 35414778 PMCID: PMC8990458 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.70620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) signaling is critical to cell differentiation and activation. However, the function of GPCRs in osteoclast differentiation and activation remains unclear. We found that the G-protein coupled receptor 125 (GPCR 125) gene (Gpr125) gene was highly expressed in osteoclasts through RNA-sequencing technology, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. We characterized the role of GPCR125 in osteoclast differentiation and activation by loss-of-function and gain-of-function methods in osteoclasts. Osteoclasts with lentivirus-mediated GPR125 silencing demonstrated a dramatic reduction in differentiation and impaired bone resorption function. In contrast, overexpression of Gpr125 in osteoclasts increased NFATC1 expression and enhanced osteoclast differentiation and enhanced osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. These results indicated that GPCR125 positively regulates osteoclast formation and function. Following receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) stimulation, the expression levels of MAPK signaling pathway proteins phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) and phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) were significantly decreased in the Gpr125 knockdown (sh-GPR125) group compared to its control group. We also found that phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) expression was downregulated, as well as nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway protein phosphorylated-IKB alpha (p-IKBα). Our results demonstrated that GPCR125 positively regulates osteoclasts via RANKL-stimulated MAPK and AKT-NF-κB signaling pathways, and GPCR125 could potentially be utilized as a novel therapeutic target in bone related diseases including osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yi Tang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - He Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Zhongliang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular & Neuroimaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Guochun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Abigail McVicar
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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15
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Jiao H, Jiang W, Wang H, Zheng H, Yu H, Huang C. Soft coral-derived Aspernolide A suppressed non-small cell lung cancer induced osteolytic bone invasion via the c-Fos/NFATC1 signaling pathway. J Thorac Dis 2021; 13:5996-6011. [PMID: 34795947 PMCID: PMC8575798 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background the incidence of distant metastases is over 30% in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In particular, bone is reported as the most common site of distant metastasis NSCLC. Bone metastases (BM) have a consequence of serious skeletal-related events (SREs) leading to the reduced overall survival (OS) and quality of life of NSCLC patients. Inhibition of osteolytic lesions and regulation crosstalk between metastatic NSCLC cells and bone microenvironment are the key to treating NSCLC. Due to the lack of effective treatments against NSCLC with bone metastasis, screening and identification of novel agents against both NSCLC and osteoclast effects are critically needed. Methods We assessed the effects of Aspernolide A (AA) on osteolysis and RANKL-induced pathways activation, bone resorption and F-actin ring formation in vitro. We evaluated AA effects on NCI-H460 and A549 cells in vitro through wound healing assay and transwell assay. Furthermore, we assessed the effects of AA in vivo using an intratibial xenograft NSCLC nude mouse model, followed by micro-computed tomography(micro-CT) and TRAcP staining. Results in our study, AA, a soft coral-derived agent, was shown to inhibit osteoclastogenesis via suppression of nuclear factor (NF)-κBp65, ERK, AKT and P38 phosphorylation, and then suppress the RANKL-induced c-Fos and NFATc1 activities in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs). Furthermore, AA reduced the migration and invasion of NSCLC cells through diminishing the expression of MMP9, MMP7, and N-cadherin proteins and upregulating E-cadherin expression in vitro, as well as inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK, AKT, P38, and NF-κBp65. It was also demonstrated that administration of AA could help prevent NSCLC-induced bone destruction by attenuating NSCLC development and osteoclast activity in vivo. Conclusions collectively, these findings indicated that Aspernolide A is a potential candidate for NSCLC-induced osteolytic bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Jiao
- Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliang Wang
- NCO School of Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Heredity Center, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haobing Yu
- Department of Marine Biomedicine and Polar Medicine, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiguo Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Larson EA, Larson HJ, Taylor JA, Klein RF. Deletion of Coagulation Factor IX Compromises Bone Mass and Strength: Murine Model of Hemophilia B (Christmas Disease). Calcif Tissue Int 2021; 109:577-585. [PMID: 34117910 PMCID: PMC8484143 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-021-00872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Osteopenia and osteoporosis have increasingly become a recognized morbidity in those persons with hemophilia (PwH) receiving inadequate prophylactic clotting factor replacement. Animal models can control or eliminate genetic and environmental factors and allow for invasive testing not clinically permissible. Here, we describe the skeletal phenotype of juvenile and adult male mice with a genetically engineered deficiency in coagulation factor IX (FIX KO). Although the somatic growth of FIX KO mice matched that of their wild-type (WT) littermates at 10 and 20 weeks of age, the FIX KO mice displayed reduced bone mineral density (BMD), reduced cortical and cancellous bone mass, and diminished whole bone fracture resistance. These findings coupled with parallel observations in a murine model of hemophilia A (FVIII deficiency) point to an effector downstream of the coagulation cascade that is necessary for normal skeletal development. Further study of potential mechanisms underlying the bone disease observed in rare clotting factor deficiency syndromes may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic insights for metabolic bone diseases in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Larson
- Portland Veterans Affairs Research Foundation, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Hillary J Larson
- Portland Veterans Affairs Research Foundation, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jason A Taylor
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Robert F Klein
- Medical Research Service, Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Clinical Nutrition, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
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17
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Zheng XD, Cheng J, Qin WJ, Balsai N, Shang XJ, Zhang MT, Chen HQ. Whole Transcriptome Analysis Identifies the Taxonomic Status of a New Chinese Native Cattle Breed and Reveals Genes Related to Body Size. Front Genet 2020; 11:562855. [PMID: 33240316 PMCID: PMC7670488 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.562855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wandong (WD) cattle has recently been identified as a new Chinese native cattle breed by the National Commission for Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources. The population size of this breed is less than 10,000. WD cattle and Dabieshan (DB) cattle are sympatric but are raised in different ecological environments, on mountains and plains, respectively, and the body sizes of these two breeds are markedly different. Blood samples were obtained from 8 adult female WD cattle and 7 adult female DB cattle (24 months old). The total RNA was extracted from leukocyte cells, and sequencing experiments were conducted on the Illumina HiSeqTM 4000 platform. After the removal of one outlier sample from the WD cattle breed as determined by principal component analysis (PCA), phylogenetic and population structure analyses indicated that WD and DB cattle formed a distinct Central China cattle group and showed evidence of hybridization between Bos. taurus and Bos. indicus. The immune-regulator CD48 (P = 1.3E-6) was associated with breed-specific traits according to loss-of-function variant enrichment analysis. In addition, 113 differentially expressed genes were identified between the two breeds, many of which are associated with the regulation of body growth, which is the major difference between the two breeds. This study showed that WD cattle belong to the group of hybrids between Bos. Taurus and Bos. indicus, and one novel gene associated with breed traits and multiple differentially expressed genes between these two closely related breeds was identified. The results provide insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlie economically important traits, such as body size, in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Zheng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China.,Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Hefei, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Juan Qin
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China.,International Immunization Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Nyamsuren Balsai
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan-Jian Shang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China
| | - Meng-Ting Zhang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China
| | - Hong-Quan Chen
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Anhui Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resources Conservation and Biobreeding, Hefei, China.,International Immunization Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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