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Qiu Y, Jiang Z, Zhang J. Causal effects of BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage on the risk of bladder cancer: A Mendelian randomization study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38231. [PMID: 38758881 PMCID: PMC11098251 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The causal role of body mass index (BMI) in bladder cancer (BC) by Mendelian randomization (MR) has not yet been reported. We evaluated the causal associations between the measures of obesity (BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage) and BC. We conducted a 2-sample MR analysis to assess the genetic effect of measures of obesity on BC. The BMI dataset (GWAS ID: ukb-b-2303) comprised 454,884 Europeans, and we identified 9,851,867 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The waist circumference data (GWAS ID: ukb-b-9405) included 462,166 Europeans and 9,851,867 SNPs. The body fat percentage dataset (GWAS ID: ukb-a-264) contained data from 331,117 Europeans and 10,894,596 SNPs. For the outcome data, the GWAS ID was finn-b-C3_BLADDER, consisting of 1115 cases and 217,677 controls, with 16,380,466 SNPs. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model was used as the primary MR analysis. Cochran Q-statistic was used to identify heterogeneity between the SNPs. The MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO methods were employed to assess directional pleiotropy and outlier SNPs. We detected a decisive causal link between BMI and BC by the IVW analysis (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.85, P = .011). The IVW analyses revealed a significant correlation between BC and waist circumference (OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.08-2.12, P = .016). However, the IVW method (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.99-2.00, P = .05) did not report any statistical significance between body fat percentage and BC. We did not observe heterogeneity and directional pleiotropy in the 3 pairs of MR studies. The 2-sample MR analysis revealed a conceivable causal association between obesity (BMI, waist circumference) and BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qiu
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology, Yibin Health School, Yibin, Sichuang, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, China
- Department of Urology, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Cho SW, Kim JH, Choi HS, Ahn HY, Kim MK, Rhee EJ. Big Data Research in the Field of Endocrine Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:10-24. [PMID: 36758542 PMCID: PMC10008661 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Korean National Health Information Database (NHID) contains big data combining information obtained from the National Health Insurance Service and health examinations. Data are provided in the form of a cohort, and the NHID can be used to conduct longitudinal studies and research on rare diseases. Moreover, data on the cause and date of death are provided by Statistics Korea. Research and publications based on the NHID have increased explosively in the field of endocrine disorders. However, because the data were not collected for research purposes, studies using the NHID have limitations, particularly the need for the operational definition of diseases. In this review, we describe the characteristics of the Korean NHID, operational definitions of endocrine diseases used for research, and an overview of recent studies in endocrinology using the Korean NHID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Seok Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee Kyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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3
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Tzenios N, Tazanios ME, Chahine M. The impact of body mass index on prostate cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30191. [PMID: 36397423 PMCID: PMC9666096 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggested obesity was associated with the risk of prostate cancer. Also, the association between prostate cancer risk and obesity has received much attention in recent years, but the results are still unclear. Therefore, the current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on prostate cancer. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Cochrane databases with the appropriate key terms to identify the eligible articles related to the impact of BMI on prostate cancer. The Newcastle-Ottawa checklist was used for the quality assessment of studies, and the meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS The present review includes 23 studies that fulfilled the criteria for inclusion. In the meta-analysis, a significant difference was observed between the obese and normal weight (P < .001) and 54% of obese has a risk compared to normal weight. Heterogeneity between the fifteen studies was high (I2 = 100%). Test for overall effect: Z = 8.77 (P < .001) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32 confidence interval [CI]: 0.25-0.42). However, there was no significant difference observed between the overweight and normal weight (P = .75). Heterogeneity between the fifteen studies is high (I2 = 100%). CONCLUSION Prostate cancer is a common malignancy that poses a threat to the health of men. Obesity is associated with a higher risk of death from prostate cancer based on the findings of the included studies. Furthermore, wherever possible, the impact of weight change on prostate cancer patient mortality should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Tzenios
- Public Health and Medical Research, Charisma University, Grace Bay, Turks and Caicos Islands, Train to Teach in Medicine, Department of Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Doctor of Health Sciences Candidate, MCPHS University, Boston, MA, USA
- * Correspondence: Nikolaos Tzenios, Public Health and Medical Research, Charisma University, Grace Bay, Turks and Caicos Islands, Train to Teach in Medicine, Department of Postgraduate Medical Education, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Doctor of Health Sciences Candidate, MCPHS University, 3 Walham Yard, London SW6 1JA, UK (e-mail: )
| | | | - Mohamed Chahine
- Biological and Chemical Technology, International Medical Institute, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russian Federation
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4
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Nath M, Nath S, Choudhury Y. The impact of thiazolidinediones on the risk for prostate cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review and meta-analysis. Meta Gene 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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5
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Soltani S, Abdollahi S, Aune D, Jayedi A. Body mass index and cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2479. [PMID: 33510262 PMCID: PMC7844243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although obesity has been associated with an increased cancer risk in the general population, the association in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. We conducted a dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies of body mass index (BMI) and the risk of total and site-specific cancers in patients with T2D. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Medline until September 2020 for cohort studies on the association between BMI and cancer risk in patients with T2D. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random effects models. Ten prospective and three retrospective cohort studies (3,345,031 participants and 37,412 cases) were included in the meta-analysis. Each 5-unit increase in BMI (kg/m2) was associated with a 6% higher risk of total cancer (RR: 1.06, 95% CI 1.01, 1.10; I2 = 55.4%, n = 6), and with a 12% increased risk in the analysis of breast cancer (RR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.05, 1.20; I2 = 0%, n = 3). The pooled RRs showed no association with prostate cancer (RR: 1.02, 95% CI 0.92, 1.13; I2 = 64.6%, n = 4), pancreatic cancer (RR: 0.97, 95% CI 0.84, 1.11; I2 = 71%, n = 3), and colorectal cancer (RR: 1.05, 95% CI 0.98, 1.13; I2 = 65.9%, n = 2). There was no indication of nonlinearity for total cancer (Pnon-linearity = 0.99), however, there was evidence of a nonlinear association between BMI and breast cancer (Pnon-linearity = 0.004) with steeper increases in risk from a BMI around 35 and above respectively. Higher BMI was associated with a higher risk of total, and breast cancer but not with risk of other cancers, in patients with T2D, however, further studies are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Shima Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition and Public Health, School of Public Health, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ahmad Jayedi
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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An JH, Han KD, Jung JH, Yoo J, Fava M, Mischoulon D, Jung SM, Shin DW, Hur KY, Jeon HJ. High Bodyweight Variability Increases Depression Risk in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Korea. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:765129. [PMID: 34955919 PMCID: PMC8702997 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.765129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Although obesity is associated with increased risk for depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), the relationship between body weight variability (BWV) and depression remains poorly studied. This study was to investigate the incidence of depression in patients with type 2 DM according to their BWV. Methods: Intraindividual variation in body weight were measured in the nationwide, population-based retrospective cohort of 540,293 patients with type 2 DM from the Korean national health insurance system between 2009 and 2010. The diagnoses of new-onset depression occurring until the end of 2017 were ascertained. Risk of new-onset depression was examined using multivariate-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression analysis by BWV quartile. Results: 93,149 (17.2%) patients developed new-onset depression for the follow up. BWV was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression after adjusting for confounding factors. The highest BWV quartile group had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.17 (95% CI 1.15-1.19) compared to the lowest BWV quartile group as a reference. Obese patients in the highest BWV quartile group showed 12% increased risk of depression (HR 1.12, 95% CI 1.09-1.15) while non-obese patients in the highest BWV quartile group showed 20% increased risk of depression (HR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.17-1.23) compared to their respective lowest BWV quartile groups. Conclusion: A higher BWV was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression in patients with type 2 DM. Thus, BWV may serve as an indicator for early detection of depression in type 2 DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun An
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung-do Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hyung Jung
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Juhwan Yoo
- Department of Biostatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Maurizio Fava
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Mischoulon
- Depression Clinical and Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Su-Min Jung
- Department of Family Medicine/Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Shin
- Department of Family Medicine/Supportive Care Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyu Yeon Hur
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Medical Device Management and Research, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Harrison S, Tilling K, Turner EL, Martin RM, Lennon R, Lane JA, Donovan JL, Hamdy FC, Neal DE, Bosch JLHR, Jones HE. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the associations between body mass index, prostate cancer, advanced prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:431-449. [PMID: 32162172 PMCID: PMC7105428 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-020-01291-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The relationship between body mass index (BMI) and prostate cancer remains unclear. However, there is an inverse association between BMI and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), used for prostate cancer screening. We conducted this review to estimate the associations between BMI and (1) prostate cancer, (2) advanced prostate cancer, and (3) PSA. METHODS We searched PubMed and Embase for studies until 02 October 2017 and obtained individual participant data from four studies. In total, 78 studies were identified for the association between BMI and prostate cancer, 21 for BMI and advanced prostate cancer, and 35 for BMI and PSA. We performed random-effects meta-analysis of linear associations of log-PSA and prostate cancer with BMI and, to examine potential non-linearity, of associations between categories of BMI and each outcome. RESULTS In the meta-analyses with continuous BMI, a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI was associated with a percentage change in PSA of - 5.88% (95% CI - 6.87 to - 4.87). Using BMI categories, compared to normal weight men the PSA levels of overweight men were 3.43% lower (95% CI - 5.57 to - 1.23), and obese men were 12.9% lower (95% CI - 15.2 to - 10.7). Prostate cancer and advanced prostate cancer analyses showed little or no evidence associations. CONCLUSION There is little or no evidence of an association between BMI and risk of prostate cancer or advanced prostate cancer, and strong evidence of an inverse and non-linear association between BMI and PSA. The association between BMI and prostate cancer is likely biased if missed diagnoses are not considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Harrison
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England.
| | - Kate Tilling
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Emma L Turner
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Richard M Martin
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Rosie Lennon
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, England
| | - J Athene Lane
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, England
| | - Jenny L Donovan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
- National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care West, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, England
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
| | - David E Neal
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, England
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - J L H Ruud Bosch
- Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hayley E Jones
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England
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8
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Kim JW, Ahn ST, Oh MM, Moon DG, Cheon J, Han K, Kim SM, Park HS. Increased incidence of bladder cancer with metabolically unhealthy status: analysis from the National Health Checkup database in Korea. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6476. [PMID: 32296103 PMCID: PMC7160147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer using nationally representative data from the National Health Insurance System and National Health Checkups (NHC) databases in South Korea. Data for 11,781,768 men who participated in the NHC between 2009 and 2012 were analysed. The normal-weight and physically obese categories were defined as body mass indexes (BMI) < 25 and ≥25 kg/m2, respectively. Metabolically obese was defined as the presence of ≥3 components of metabolic syndrome. The participants were stratified into metabolically healthy, normal-weight (MHNW); metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW); metabolically healthy, obese (MHO); metabolically obese, obese (MOO). Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer. The study participants included 17,777 men newly registered with bladder cancer. Analysis according to metabolic health status classification revealed a higher multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio in the MOO, MONW group than in the MHO group (1.307 [95% CI: 1.258–1.358], 1.183 [95% CI: 1.137–1.231] and 1.066 [95% CI: 1.017–1.119], respectively; hazard ratios given relative to MHNW group) We found an association between metabolic health status and the incidence of bladder cancer, with an increasing risk according to the number of metabolic health status components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Wook Kim
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Tae Ahn
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Mi Oh
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Du Geon Moon
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Cheon
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seok Park
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Maksymchuk O, Kashuba V. Dietary lipids and environmental xenobiotics as risk factors for prostate cancer: The role of cytochrome P450. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:826-832. [PMID: 31382168 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant neoplasms in men. Because of the increase in the number of cases as well as development of cancers resistant to conventional therapy, identification of the new molecular targets for the treatment and prevention is of great importance. For this purpose, many studies are aimed on revealing of molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer development. In this process, dietary lipids and environmental xenobiotics are largely involved and are considered as risk factors. A wide range of endogenous (cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.) and exogenous (pollutants, drugs) compounds are metabolized in the human organism by cytochrome P450. From other hand, these compounds may alter cytochrome P450 expression levels, especially in prostate, which, in turn, affects cell metabolism. Cytochrome P450 is a member of signaling pathways, regulating cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion and adhesion. Hence, cytochrome P450 most probably plays the important role in initiation and progression of prostate cancer. Based on that, cytochrome P450 enzymes are considered as potential targets for the targeted therapy and prevention, and might serve as specific markers of malignant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Maksymchuk
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Vladimir Kashuba
- Department of Molecular Oncogenetics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Choi JB, Kim JH, Hong SH, Han KD, Ha US. Association of body mass index with bladder cancer risk in men depends on abdominal obesity. World J Urol 2019; 37:2393-2400. [PMID: 30806768 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The previous epidemiological studies about the associations between obesity and bladder cancer risk have reported inconsistent results. Therefore, we analyzed whether the abdominal obesity effected on the risk of developing bladder cancer according to body mass index (BMI) using nationally representative data from the National Health Insurance System (NHIS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Among people who underwent at least one health examination from 2009 to 2012 in Korea, 11,823,876 men without a previous diagnosis of bladder cancer were followed up until December 2015. Multiple Cox regression analysis was conducted to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the association between bladder cancer and BMI or waist circumference (WC). RESULTS Significant upward trends in the risk of bladder cancer were observed with increasing BMI or WC according to the multivariate-adjusted model. However, the association between BMI and bladder cancer is influenced by the presence of abdominal obesity. In the group with WC < 90 cm, there was no significant change in the HRs for bladder cancer development beyond the reference BMI. In contrast, the HRs for bladder cancer showed statistically significant increase as the BMI increased beyond the reference BMI in the group with WC ≥ 90 cm. CONCLUSION This population-based study showed that increasing BMI and increasing WC were risk factors for developing bladder cancer in men, independent of confounding variables. However, there was a discrepancy in the trend of bladder cancer development according to BMI between the groups with abdominal obesity and without abdominal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bong Choi
- Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of Urology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Cancer Center, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - U-Syn Ha
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- The Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Kim JW, Ahn ST, Oh MM, Moon DG, Han K, Park HS. Incidence of Prostate Cancer according to Metabolic Health Status: a Nationwide Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2019; 34:e49. [PMID: 30787682 PMCID: PMC6374548 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed the association between metabolic health status and incidence of prostate cancer using the National Health Check-ups (NHC) database of Korea. METHODS A total of 11,771,252 men who participated in the NHC between 2009 and 2012 and 56,552 men who were newly diagnosed with prostate cancer were analyzed. Normal-weight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) < 25 kg/m2 and ≥ 25 kg/m2, respectively. Metabolic obesity was defined as the presence ≥ 3 components of the metabolic syndrome. Participants were stratified into 4 groups: metabolically healthy, normal-weight; metabolically obese, normal-weight (MONW); metabolically healthy, obese (MHO); and metabolically obese, obese. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between metabolic health status and incidence of prostate cancer. RESULTS During a mean 5.4 ± 1.1 years of follow-up, 56,552 patients were registered with a diagnosis of prostate cancer. When analyzed according to metabolic health status classification, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.143 for the MONW group, 1.097 for the MHO group, showing the HR for the MONW group was higher than that for the MHO group. As the number of metabolic syndrome components increased, HR increased significantly. When stratified based on BMI, metabolically obese patients showed significantly higher HR than metabolically healthy patients in all BMI groups. CONCLUSION This population-based nationwide study revealed an association between metabolic health status and the incidence of prostate cancer, and the risk increased according to the number of components of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Wook Kim
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Tae Ahn
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Mi Oh
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Du Geon Moon
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Seok Park
- Department of Urology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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12
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Herrera-Martínez AD, Pedraza-Arevalo S, L-López F, Gahete MD, Gálvez-Moreno MA, Castaño JP, Luque RM. Type 2 Diabetes in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Are Biguanides and Statins Part of the Solution? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:57-73. [PMID: 30265346 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Biguanides and statins exert beneficial effects on various cancer types. Their precise effects and underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analyzed the relationship between metabolic syndrome and histological, epidemiological, and prognosis variables in two cohorts of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs): those with lung carcinoids (LCs; n = 81) and those with gastroenteropancreatic NET (GEP-NET; n = 100). Biguanide and statin antitumor effects were investigated by evaluating proliferation, migration, secretion, gene expression, and involved molecular pathways in BON1/QGP1 cell cultures. RESULTS Pleura invasion was higher (LCs group; P < 0.05) and tumor diameter tended to be increased (GEP-NET group) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) than in those without. Somatostatin and ghrelin systems mRNA levels differed in tumor tissue of patients with T2DM taking metformin or not. Biguanides decreased proliferation rate in BON1/QGP1 cells; the effects of statins on proliferation rate depended on the statin and cell types, and time. Specifically, only simvastatin and atorvastatin decreased proliferation in BON1 cells, whereas all statins decreased proliferation rate in QGP1 cells. Metformin and simvastatin decreased migration capacity in BON1 cells; biguanides decreased serotonin secretion in BON1 cells. Phenformin increased apoptosis in BON1/QGP1 cells; simvastatin increased apoptosis in QGP1 cells. These antitumor effects likely involved altered expression of key genes related to cancer aggressiveness. CONCLUSION A clear inhibitory effect of biguanides and statins was seen on NET-cell aggressiveness. Our results invite additional exploration of the potential therapeutic role of these drugs in treatment of patients with NETs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura D Herrera-Martínez
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Sergio Pedraza-Arevalo
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando L-López
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María A Gálvez-Moreno
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Justo P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Córdoba, Spain
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Choe SA, Jun YB, Kim SY. Exposure to air pollution during preconceptional and prenatal periods and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study in Seoul, Korea. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:340. [PMID: 30134853 PMCID: PMC6106837 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-1982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies suggested associations between prenatal exposure to air pollution and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. We explored the associations between ambient concentrations of five major air pollutants during preconceptional and prenatal periods and three hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in Seoul, Korea, using a population-representative cohort. Methods We obtained heath and demographic data of pregnant women residing in Seoul for 2002–2013 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort. For mother’s individual exposures to air pollution, we computed concentrations of particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and ozone (O3) during 1, 3, 6, and 12 months to birth using regulatory monitoring data in Seoul. The associations between air pollution and hypertensive disorders were explored by using logistic regression models after adjusting for individual confounders. Results Among 18,835 pregnant women in Seoul, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.4% of women developed gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and preeclampsia requiring magnesium sulfate (Mg-preeclampsia), respectively. Although most odds ratios (ORs) were not statistically significant, we found increasing risk gradients with disease severity depending on the pollutant. There was the association between PM10 during 6 months to birth and gestational hypertension (OR for an interquartile range increase = 1.68 [95% confidence interval = 1.09–2.58]). NO2 and ozone during 12 and 1 month, respectively, before birth were associated with Mg-preeclampsia (1.43 [1.01–2.03], 1.53 [1.03–2.27]). Conclusions We observed positive associations of exposure to some air pollutants before and during pregnancy with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy among the Korean general population. Future studies with refined exposure metrics should confirm our findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-1982-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ah Choe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam, 13488, South Korea.,Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, 02903, RI, USA
| | - Yoon-Bae Jun
- Department of Statistics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Sun-Young Kim
- Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Gyeonggi-do, Goyang, 10408, South Korea.
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14
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Xu HL, Zhang ML, Yan YJ, Fang F, Guo Q, Xu DL, Zhang ZF, Zhang F, Zhao NQ, Xu WH, Qin GY. Body mass index and cancer risk among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:795. [PMID: 30081866 PMCID: PMC6080536 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4675-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity and diabetes are two risk factors for cancer. To evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) with cancer risk in diabetic patients may improve current understanding of potential mechanisms. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 51,004 newly diagnosed T2DM patients derived from an electronic health record (EHR) database of Minhang district in Shanghai, China. Incident cancer cases and all-cause deaths occurred before September 30, 2015 were identified by linking with the Shanghai Cancer Registry and the Shanghai Vital Statistics. To examine the potential non-linear and linear relationships of BMI and cancer risk, Cox proportional hazard models with and without restricted cubic spline functions were used, respectively. Results A non-linear association was observed between BMI and overall cancer incidence in men younger than 60 years old (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Compared with those having BMI of 25.0 kg/m2, the cancer risk increased in those with either lower or higher BMI. In women older than 60 years old, linear dose-response relationships were observed between BMI and the risk of both overall cancer and breast cancer. As each unit increase in BMI, the overall cancer risks elevated by 3% (95%CI: 1–5%) and the breast cancer risks increased by 7% (95%CI: 1–13%). No significant association was observed between BMI and other common cancer sites. Conclusions Our results show that the effect of BMI on cancer risk in Chinese patients with T2DM may vary by gender, age and cancer subtypes, suggesting different underlying biological mechanisms. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4675-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Lin Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 965 Zhong Yi Road, Shanghai, 201101, People's Republic of China.,Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min-Lu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 1380 West Zhong Shan Road, Shanghai, 200336, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Yan
- Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 965 Zhong Yi Road, Shanghai, 201101, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qi Guo
- Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 965 Zhong Yi Road, Shanghai, 201101, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Li Xu
- Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 965 Zhong Yi Road, Shanghai, 201101, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fen Zhang
- Shanghai Minhang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 965 Zhong Yi Road, Shanghai, 201101, People's Republic of China
| | - Nai-Qing Zhao
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang-Hong Xu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-You Qin
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center of Social Risks Governance in Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Choi JB, Kim JH, Hong S, Han K, Ha U. Difference in prostate cancer incidence around sixty years: effects of age and metabolic diseases. Cancer Med 2018; 7:2736-2743. [PMID: 29696814 PMCID: PMC6010784 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the risk of prostate cancer in the Korean population stratified on the basis of age group and risk based on metabolic diseases, using National Health Insurance System (NHIS) data. Of the 51,827,813 people from the NHIS data in 2015, 10,879,591 men without prostate cancer who underwent a health examination were analyzed. The risk of prostate cancer was analyzed with stratification by age. Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between prostate cancer and metabolic diseases by age groups. The risk of prostate cancer increased continuously with age and 59 years may be a point of inflection. The hazard ratio (HR) of prostate cancer development rose sharply as that age point passed. The population with metabolic diseases was more likely to develop prostate cancer than the population without any of these components. In addition, the incidence rate ratio (IRR) decreased from the youngest age group to the age group comprising 55-59 year olds. Beyond this age group, there was a plateau. The relative risk for prostate cancer associated with metabolic diseases also showed divergent associations with age. The risk of prostate cancer increased continuously with age and the peak Youden index was at 59 years. The relative risk for prostate cancer according to metabolic diseases also showed divergent associations beyond 59 years of age. Therefore, setting the age threshold at 59 years would improve the present clinical risk stratification for prostate cancer in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bong Choi
- Department of UrologyBucheon St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaBucheonKorea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Department of UrologyDongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesCancer CenterBusanKorea
| | - Sung‐Hoo Hong
- Department of UrologySeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- The Cancer Research InstituteThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - Kyung‐Do Han
- Department of BiostatisticsCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
| | - U‐Syn Ha
- Department of UrologySeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of MedicineThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
- The Cancer Research InstituteThe Catholic University of KoreaSeoulKorea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To investigate the association between obesity and prostate cancer (PCa). RECENT FINDINGS Obesity has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of PCa through different biological mechanisms that include deregulation of the insulin axis, sex hormone secretion, adipokines signaling, and oxidative stress. Hypertrophic peritumoral adipocytes may also facilitate the local spread of PCa through the chemo-attraction of tumor cells. Clinical studies demonstrate that obesity might have clinical implications also in disease detection and management. Obese men have been shown to be less likely to be diagnosed with early-stage disease. Moreover, they are at increased risk of experiencing upgrading and upstaging when managed with active surveillance. However, the association between obesity and the risk of PCa recurrence and mortality after radical treatment is still debated. SUMMARY Obesity may facilitate the development and progression of PCa trough different biologic mechanisms that may pose obese men at higher risk of advanced and high-grade disease. However, the association between obesity and long-term oncologic outcome after radical treatments appears unclear.
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Choi JB, Lee EJ, Han KD, Hong SH, Ha US. Estimating the impact of body mass index on bladder cancer risk: Stratification by smoking status. Sci Rep 2018; 8:947. [PMID: 29343838 PMCID: PMC5772621 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We estimated the impact of obesity on bladder cancer with stratification by smoking status using nationally representative data on the Korean population from the National Health Insurance System (NHIS). Of the 45,850,458 people who underwent at last one health examination from 2009 to 2012, 23,378,895 without bladder cancer were followed from the January 2009 to the December 2015. First, the HR for bladder cancer was lowest in people with a BMI < 18.5 (HR = 0.92) and highest for those with BMI ≥ 30 (HR = 1.17) in multiple Cox regression analyses. The positive association between bladder cancer and BMI showed an increasing trend beyond the reference BMI. Second, an analysis of HR for bladder cancer stratified by obesity across smoking status strata showed a significant trend of increasing HR for bladder cancer across obesity and smoking status in multivariate-adjusted models. Conclusively, this population-based study showed that increasing BMI was a risk factor for bladder cancer independent of confounding variables. When stratified by smoking status, there was still a positive association between bladder cancer and BMI (P for trend < 0.01).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Bong Choi
- Department of Urology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Joo Lee
- Department of Big Data Steering, National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Do Han
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoo Hong
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,The Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - U-Syn Ha
- Department of Urology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,The Cancer Research Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Jung SE, Joo NS, Han KS, Kim KN. Obesity Is Inversely Related to Hydrogen-Producing Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Non-Constipation Irritable Bowel Syndrome. J Korean Med Sci 2017; 32:948-953. [PMID: 28480652 PMCID: PMC5426230 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.6.948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been inconsistent findings on the association of obesity and non-constipation irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with hydrogen (H₂) gas forming-microflora causes non-constipation IBS. But, the effect of H₂ producing SIBO on obesity in non-constipation IBS patients has not been studied yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and SIBO in non-constipation IBS patients. We reviewed the charts of patients who showed IBS symptoms along with the documented results of their lactulose hydrogen breath test (LHBT) for SIBO. Multivariate models were used to assess the association between obesity and SIBO. Four-hundred fifty-eight patients were retrospectively included in the study. Of the 485 IBS patients, 158 (30.7%) subjects had positive results for LHBT. Subjects without SIBO showed significantly higher levels of body mass index (24.8 vs. 23.3; P < 0.001) and waist circumference (86.5 vs. 82.7; P < 0.001) as compared to subjects with SIBO. In multivariate analysis, the odds ratios of SIBO were 0.396 (P = 0.018) for obesity and 0.482 (P = 0.021) for abdominal obesity. This is the first human study to demonstrate that obesity is inversely related to SIBO with H₂ gas production in non-constipation IBS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Eun Jung
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nam Seok Joo
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyung Sun Han
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Kyu Nam Kim
- Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
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