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Kundu M, Butti R, Panda VK, Malhotra D, Das S, Mitra T, Kapse P, Gosavi SW, Kundu GC. Modulation of the tumor microenvironment and mechanism of immunotherapy-based drug resistance in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:92. [PMID: 38715072 PMCID: PMC11075356 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, the most frequent female malignancy, is often curable when detected at an early stage. The treatment of metastatic breast cancer is more challenging and may be unresponsive to conventional therapy. Immunotherapy is crucial for treating metastatic breast cancer, but its resistance is a major limitation. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is vital in modulating the immunotherapy response. Various tumor microenvironmental components, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are involved in TME modulation to cause immunotherapy resistance. This review highlights the role of stromal cells in modulating the breast tumor microenvironment, including the involvement of CAF-TAM interaction, alteration of tumor metabolism leading to immunotherapy failure, and other latest strategies, including high throughput genomic screening, single-cell and spatial omics techniques for identifying tumor immune genes regulating immunotherapy response. This review emphasizes the therapeutic approach to overcome breast cancer immune resistance through CAF reprogramming, modulation of TAM polarization, tumor metabolism, and genomic alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, West Bengal, 700125, India
| | - Ramesh Butti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA
| | - Venketesh K Panda
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Diksha Malhotra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Sumit Das
- National Centre for Cell Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Tandrima Mitra
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India
| | - Prachi Kapse
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Suresh W Gosavi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Gopal C Kundu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
- Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences (KIMS), KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, India.
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Jotshi A, Sukla KK, Haque MM, Bose C, Varma B, Koppiker CB, Joshi S, Mishra R. Exploring the human microbiome - A step forward for precision medicine in breast cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2023; 6:e1877. [PMID: 37539732 PMCID: PMC10644338 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second most frequent cancer in the world and the most common malignancy in women is breast cancer. Breast cancer is a significant health concern in India with a high mortality-to-incidence ratio and presentation at a younger age. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have identified gut microbiota as a significant factor that can have an influence on the development, treatment, and prognosis of breast cancer. This review article aims to describe the influence of microbial dysbiosis on breast cancer occurrence and the possible interactions between oncobiome and specific breast cancer molecular subtypes. The review further also discusses the role of epigenetics and diet/nutrition in the regulation of the gut and breast microbiome and its association with breast cancer prevention, therapy, and recurrence. Additionally, the recent technological advances in microbiome research, including next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, genome sequencing, single-cell sequencing, and microbial metabolomics along with recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have also been reviewed. This is an attempt to present a comprehensive status of the microbiome as a key cancer biomarker. CONCLUSION We believe that correlating microbiome and carcinogenesis is important as it can provide insights into the mechanisms by which microbial dysbiosis can influence cancer development and progression, leading to the potential use of the microbiome as a tool for prognostication and personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Jotshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | | | | | - Chandrani Bose
- Life Sciences R&D, TCS Research, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedPuneIndia
| | - Binuja Varma
- TCS Genomics Lab, Tata Consultancy Services LimitedNew DelhiIndia
| | - C. B. Koppiker
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
- Prashanti Cancer Care Mission, Pune, India and Orchids Breast Health Centre, a PCCM initiativePuneIndia
| | - Sneha Joshi
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
| | - Rupa Mishra
- Centre for Translational Cancer Research: A Joint Initiative of Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and Prashanti Cancer Care Mission (PCCM)PuneIndia
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3
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Ito K, Furukawa H, Inaba H, Ohshima S, Kametani Y, Maeki M, Tokeshi M, Huang X, Kabayama K, Manabe Y, Fukase K, Matsuura K. Antigen/Adjuvant-Displaying Enveloped Viral Replica as a Self-Adjuvanting Anti-Breast-Cancer Vaccine Candidate. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:15838-15847. [PMID: 37344812 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
We report a promising cancer vaccine candidate comprising antigen/adjuvant-displaying enveloped viral replica as a novel vaccine platform. The artificial viral capsid, which consists of a self-assembled β-annulus peptide conjugated with an HER2-derived antigenic CH401 peptide, was enveloped within a lipid bilayer containing the lipidic adjuvant α-GalCer. The use of an artificial viral capsid as a scaffold enabled precise control of its size to ∼100 nm, which is generally considered to be optimal for delivery to lymph nodes. The encapsulation of the anionically charged capsid by a cationic lipid bilayer dramatically improved its stability and converted its surface charge to cationic, enhancing its uptake by dendritic cells. The developed CH401/α-GalCer-displaying enveloped viral replica exhibited remarkable antibody-production activity. This study represents a pioneering example of precise vaccine design through bottom-up construction and opens new avenues for the development of effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
| | - Shino Ohshima
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kametani
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara 259-1193, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Maeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Manabu Tokeshi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Xuhao Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
- Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8552, Japan
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A Novel Mechanism Underlying the Inhibitory Effects of Trastuzumab on the Growth of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244093. [PMID: 36552857 PMCID: PMC9777316 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of trastuzumab, it is essential to understand its mechanism of action. One of the significant issues that makes it difficult to determine the precise mechanism of trastuzumab action is the formation of various HER receptor dimers in HER2-positive breast cancer cells. So far, studies have focused on the role of HER2-HER3 heterodimers, and little is known regarding EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. Here, we study the role of trastuzumab on the cell signaling and cell proliferation mediated by EGFR-HER2 heterodimers in BT474 and SRBR3 cells. EGF stimulates the formation of both EGFR homodimer and EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Trastuzumab only binds to HER2, not EGFR. Therefore, any effects of trastuzumab on EGF-induced activation of EGFR, HER2, and downstream signaling proteins, as well as cell proliferation, are through its effects on EGFR-HER2 heterodimers. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced cell proliferation and cell cycle progression in BT474 and SKBR3 cells. Interestingly trastuzumab strongly inhibits EGF-induced Akt phosphorylation and slightly inhibits EGF-induced Erk activation, in both BT474 and SKBR3 cells. These data suggest the presence of a novel mechanism that allows trastuzumab to inhibit EGR-induced Akt activation and cell proliferation, without blocking EGF-induced EGFR-HER2 heterodimerization and activation. We show that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer. Disruption of the lipid raft with MβCD blocks HER2-mediated AKT activation in a similar way to trastuzumab. MβCD and trastuzumab synergically inhibit AKT activation. We conclude that trastuzumab inhibits EGF-induced lipid raft localization of EGFR-HER2 heterodimer, which leads to the inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and cell proliferation, without blocking the formation and phosphorylation of the EGFR-HER2 heterodimer.
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5
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Combining CD47 blockade with trastuzumab eliminates HER2-positive breast cancer cells and overcomes trastuzumab tolerance. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2026849118. [PMID: 34257155 PMCID: PMC8307693 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2026849118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the efficacy of combining macrophage-checkpoint inhibition with tumor-specific antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. The combination of anti-CD47 (magrolimab) and anti-HER2 (trastuzumab) antibodies eliminated HER2+ breast cancer cells with increased efficacy due to the enhancement of antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis by macrophages, even when the cancer cells were tolerant to trastuzumab-induced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by natural killer cells. We believe these findings present a promising therapeutic approach for treating HER2+ breast cancer patients whose tumors are either sensitive or resistant to trastuzumab treatment, as long as the cells harbor the HER2 trastuzumab-binding epitope. This study supports the notion that combining CD47 blockade with existing macrophage FcR-engaging tumor-specific antibodies may be an effective approach for treating a wide range of cancers. Trastuzumab, a targeted anti-human epidermal-growth-factor receptor-2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody, represents a mainstay in the treatment of HER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer. Although trastuzumab treatment is highly efficacious for early-stage HER2+ breast cancer, the majority of advanced-stage HER2+ breast cancer patients who initially respond to trastuzumab acquire resistance to treatment and relapse, despite persistence of HER2 gene amplification/overexpression. Here, we sought to leverage HER2 overexpression to engage antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) through a combination of trastuzumab and anti-CD47 macrophage checkpoint immunotherapy. We have previously shown that blockade of CD47, a surface protein expressed by many malignancies (including HER2+ breast cancer), is an effective anticancer therapy. CD47 functions as a “don’t eat me” signal through its interaction with signal regulatory protein-α (SIRPα) on macrophages to inhibit phagocytosis. Hu5F9-G4 (magrolimab), a humanized monoclonal antibody against CD47, blocks CD47’s “don’t eat me” signal, thereby facilitating macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Preclinical studies have shown that combining Hu5F9-G4 with tumor-targeting antibodies, such as rituximab, further enhances Hu5F9-G4’s anticancer effects via ADCP. Clinical trials have additionally demonstrated that Hu5F9-G4, in combination with rituximab, produced objective responses in patients whose diffuse large B cell lymphomas had developed resistance to rituximab and chemotherapy. These studies led us to hypothesize that combining Hu5F9-G4 with trastuzumab would produce an anticancer effect in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-tolerant HER2+ breast cancer. This combination significantly suppressed the growth of ADCC-tolerant HER2+ breast cancers via Fc-dependent ADCP. Our study demonstrates that combining trastuzumab and Hu5F9-G4 represents a potential new treatment option for HER2+ breast cancer patients, even for patients whose tumors have progressed after trastuzumab.
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Aiga T, Manabe Y, Ito K, Chang T, Kabayama K, Ohshima S, Kametani Y, Miura A, Furukawa H, Inaba H, Matsuura K, Fukase K. Immunological Evaluation of Co‐Assembling a Lipidated Peptide Antigen and Lipophilic Adjuvants: Self‐Adjuvanting Anti‐Breast‐Cancer Vaccine Candidates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taku Aiga
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Keita Ito
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Tsung‐Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Shino Ohshima
- School of Medicine Tokai University Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Yoshie Kametani
- School of Medicine Tokai University Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Ayane Miura
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Hiroto Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry Tottori University 4-101 Koyama-Minami Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry Tottori University 4-101 Koyama-Minami Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry Tottori University 4-101 Koyama-Minami Tottori 680-8552 Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences Graduate School of Science Osaka University 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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7
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Aiga T, Manabe Y, Ito K, Chang TC, Kabayama K, Ohshima S, Kametani Y, Miura A, Furukawa H, Inaba H, Matsuura K, Fukase K. Immunological Evaluation of Co-Assembling a Lipidated Peptide Antigen and Lipophilic Adjuvants: Self-Adjuvanting Anti-Breast-Cancer Vaccine Candidates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17705-17711. [PMID: 32583549 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Co-assembling vaccines composed of a lipidated HER2-derived antigenic CH401 peptide and either a lipophilic adjuvant, Pam3 CSK4 , α-GalCer, or lipid A 506, were evaluated as breast cancer vaccine candidates. This vaccine design was aimed to inherit both antigen multivalency and antigen-specific immunostimulation properties, observed in reported self-adjuvanting vaccine candidates, by using self-assembly and adjuvant-conjugated antigens. Under vaccination concentrations, respective lipophilic adjuvants underwent co-assembly with lipidated CH401, which boosted the anti-CH401 IgG and IgM production. In particular, α-GalCer was responsible for the most significant immune activation. Therefore, the newly developed vaccine design enabled the optimization of adjuvants against the antigenic CH401 peptide in a simple preparatory manner. Overall, the co-assembling vaccine design opens the door for efficient and practical self-adjuvanting vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Aiga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Keita Ito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tsung-Che Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shino Ohshima
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshie Kametani
- School of Medicine, Tokai University, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan
| | - Ayane Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furukawa
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inaba
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Research on Green Sustainable Chemistry, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, 680-8552, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan.,Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and Education, Project Research Center for Fundamental Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
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8
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Feng Q, Manabe Y, Kabayama K, Aiga T, Miyamoto A, Ohshima S, Kametani Y, Fukase K. Syntheses and Functional Studies of Self‐Adjuvanting Anti‐HER2 Cancer Vaccines. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4268-4273. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Taku Aiga
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Asuka Miyamoto
- School of MedicineTokai University Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Shino Ohshima
- School of MedicineTokai University Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Yoshie Kametani
- School of MedicineTokai University Isehara Kanagawa 259-1193 Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of ChemistryGraduate School of ScienceOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043 Japan
- Core for Medicine and Science Collaborative Research and EducationProject Research Center for Fundamental SciencesOsaka University Machikaneyama 1-1 Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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9
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Schroeder R, Sfondouris M, Goyal N, Komati R, Weerathunga A, Gettridge C, Stevens CLK, Jones FE, Sridhar J. Identification of New Mono/Dihydroxynaphthoquinone as Lead Agents That Inhibit the Growth of Refractive and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:10610-10619. [PMID: 31460159 PMCID: PMC6648266 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in nearly 20-30% of breast cancers and is associated with metastasis resulting in poor patient survival and high recurrence. The dual EGFR/HER2 kinase inhibitor lapatinib has shown promising clinical results, but its limitations have also led to the resistance and activation of tumor survival pathways. Following our previous investigation of quinones as HER2 kinase inhibitors, we synthesized several naphthoquinone derivatives that significantly inhibited breast tumor cells expressing HER2 and trastuzumab-resistant HER2 oncogenic isoform, HER2Δ16. Two of these compounds were shown to be more effective than lapatinib at the inhibition of HER2 autophosphorylation of Y1248. Compounds 7 (5,8-dihydroxy-2-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione) and 9 (2-(bromomethyl)-5,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione) inhibited HER2-expressing MCF-7 cells (IC50 0.29 and 1.76 μM, respectively) and HER2Δ16-expressing MCF-7 cells (IC50 0.51 and 1.76 μM, respectively). Compound 7 was also shown to promote cell death in multiple refractory breast cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.12 to 2.92 μM. These compounds can function as lead compounds for the design of a new series of nonquinonoid structural compounds that can maintain a similar inhibition profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Schroeder
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Mary Sfondouris
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, 2000 Percival
Stern Hall, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Navneet Goyal
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Rajesh Komati
- Department
of Chemistry, Nicholls State University, 129 Beauregard Hall, 906 E. 1st
Street, Thibodaux, Louisiana 70301, United States
| | - Achira Weerathunga
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Cory Gettridge
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Cheryl L. Klein Stevens
- Ogden
College of Science and Engineering, Western
Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard #11075, Bowling
Green, Kentucky 42101-1075, United States
| | - Frank E. Jones
- Department
of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, 2000 Percival
Stern Hall, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, United States
| | - Jayalakshmi Sridhar
- Department
of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
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10
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Goller SS, Markert UR, Fröhlich K. Trastuzumab in the Treatment of Pregnant Breast Cancer Patients - an Overview of the Literature. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2019; 79:618-625. [PMID: 31217630 PMCID: PMC6570610 DOI: 10.1055/a-0880-9295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies which appear during pregnancy. Since women are increasingly not giving birth until they are at a more advanced age, it can be assumed that the incidence of pregnancy-related breast cancers will continue to increase in the future. Because of pregnancy-induced changes and conservative diagnosis, these carcinomas are frequently not detected until they are at an advanced stage and thus generally require systemic adjuvant therapy. The available data on optimal chemotherapeutic management are limited. Particularly for the use of the target agent trastuzumab which could crucially contribute to improving the prognosis in the therapy of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer in non-pregnant women, there is a lack of definitive information regarding the profile of action and safety in pregnancy as well as with regard to any long-term effects on the child. Thirty-eight pregnancies on trastuzumab for the treatment of breast cancer were able to be analysed in the literature currently available. Information can be gained from this and conclusions can be drawn which can individualise and decisively improve therapeutic options in the future for the pregnant breast cancer patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia S Goller
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
| | - Udo R Markert
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
| | - Karolin Fröhlich
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Placenta-Labor, Jena, Germany
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11
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Hermanto S, Haryuni RD, Ramli M, Mutalib A, Hudiyono S. Synthesis and stability test of radioimmunoconjugate 177Lu-DOTA-F(ab′)2-trastuzumab for theranostic agent of HER2 positive breast cancer. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Hermanto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
- Study Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University, Jl. Ir, H. Juanda No. 95, Ciputat, Jakarta, 15412, Indonesia
| | - Ratna Dini Haryuni
- Centre for Radioisotopes and Radiopharmaceuticals, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Kawasan Puspiptek, Setu, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Martalena Ramli
- Centre for Radioisotopes and Radiopharmaceuticals, National Nuclear Energy Agency of Indonesia, Kawasan Puspiptek, Setu, Kota Tangerang Selatan, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Mutalib
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Jatinangor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Sumi Hudiyono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, Indonesia
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12
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Sacchetti B, Botticelli A, Pierelli L, Nuti M, Alimandi M. CAR-T with License to Kill Solid Tumors in Search of a Winning Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1903. [PMID: 30999624 PMCID: PMC6514830 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial receptors designed for adoptive immune therapies need to absolve dual functions: antigen recognition and abilities to trigger the lytic machinery of reprogrammed effector T lymphocytes. In this way, CAR-T cells deliver their cytotoxic hit to cancer cells expressing targeted tumor antigens, bypassing the limitation of HLA-restricted antigen recognition. Expanding technologies have proposed a wide repertoire of soluble and cellular "immunological weapons" to kill tumor cells; they include monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor associated antigens on tumor cells and immune cell checkpoint inhibition receptors expressed on tumor specific T cells. Moreover, a wide range of formidable chimeric antigen receptors diversely conceived to sustain quality, strength and duration of signals delivered by engineered T cells have been designed to specifically target tumor cells while minimize off-target toxicities. The latter immunological weapons have shown distinct efficacy and outstanding palmarès in curing leukemia, but limited and durable effects for solid tumors. General experience with checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell immunotherapy has identified a series of variables, weaknesses and strengths, influencing the clinical outcome of the oncologic illness. These aspects will be shortly outlined with the intent of identifying the still "missing strategy" to combat epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Luca Pierelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Marianna Nuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Alimandi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
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13
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Nami B, Maadi H, Wang Z. Mechanisms Underlying the Action and Synergism of Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in Targeting HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10100342. [PMID: 30241301 PMCID: PMC6210751 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10100342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in 20⁻30% of breast cancers. HER2 is a preferred target for treating HER2-positive breast cancer. Trastuzumab and pertuzumab are two HER2-targeted monoclonal antibodies approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to use as adjuvant therapy in combination with docetaxel to treat metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer. Adding the monoclonal antibodies to treatment regimen has changed the paradigm for treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Despite improving outcomes, the percentage of the patients who benefit from the treatment is still low. Continued research and development of novel agents and strategies of drug combinations is needed. A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the action and synergism of trastuzumab and pertuzumab is essential for moving forward to achieve high efficacy in treating HER2-positive breast cancer. This review examined and analyzed findings and hypotheses regarding the action and synergism of trastuzumab and pertuzumab and proposed a model of synergism based on available information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Nami
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Hamid Maadi
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Signal Transduction Research Group, Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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14
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Tu J, Zhang H, Yu J, Liufu C, Chen Z. Ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction: a new method in cancer immunotherapy. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:5763-5775. [PMID: 30254469 PMCID: PMC6140758 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s171019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy provides a new treatment option for cancer. However, it may be therapeutically insufficient if only using the self-immune system alone to attack the tumor without any aiding methods. To overcome this drawback and improve the efficiency of therapy, new treatment methods are emerging. In recent years, ultrasound-mediated microbubble destruction (UMMD) has shown great potential in cancer immunotherapy. Using the combination of ultrasound and targeted microbubbles, molecules such as antigens or genes encoding antigens can be efficiently and specifically delivered into the tumor tissue. This review focuses on the recent progress in the application of UMMD in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Tu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China,
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jinsui Yu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China,
| | - Chun Liufu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China,
| | - Zhiyi Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150, People's Republic of China,
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15
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Maadi H, Nami B, Tong J, Li G, Wang Z. The effects of trastuzumab on HER2-mediated cell signaling in CHO cells expressing human HER2. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:238. [PMID: 29490608 PMCID: PMC5831215 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4143-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted therapy with trastuzumab has become a mainstay for HER2-positive breast cancer without a clear understanding of the mechanism of its action. While many mechanisms have been suggested for the action of trastuzumab, most of them are not substantiated by experimental data. It has been suggested that trastuzumab functions by inhibiting intracellular signaling initiated by HER2, however, the data are very controversial. A major issue is the different cellular background of various breast cancer cells lines used in these studies. Each breast cancer cell line has a unique expression profile of various HER receptors, which could significantly affect the effects of trastuzumab. METHODS To overcome this problem, in this research we adopted a cell model that allow us to specifically examine the effects of trastuzumab on a single HER receptor without the influence of other HER receptors. Three CHO cell lines stably expressing only human EGFR (CHO-EGFR), HER2 (CHO-K6), or HER3 (CHO-HER3) were used. Various methods including cytotoxicity assay, immunoblotting, indirect immunofluorescence, cross linking, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) were employed in this research. RESULTS We showed that trastuzumab did not bind EGFR and HER3, and thus did not affect the homodimerization and phosphorylation of EGFR and HER3. However, overexpression of HER2 in CHO cells, in the absence of other HER receptors, resulted in the homodimerization of HER2 and the phosphorylation of HER2 at all major pY residues. Trastuzumab bound to HER2 specifically and with high affinity. Trastuzumab inhibited neither the homodimerization of HER2, nor the phosphorylation of HER2 at most phosphotyrosine residues. Moreover, trastuzumab did not inhibit the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT in CHO-K6 cells, and did not inhibit the proliferation of CHO-K6 cells. However, trastuzumab induced strong ADCC in CHO-K6 cells. CONCLUSION We concluded that, in the absence of other HER receptors, trastuzumab exerts its antitumor activity through the induction of ADCC, rather than the inhibition of HER2-homodimerization and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Maadi
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Babak Nami
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Junfeng Tong
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Gina Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Zhixiang Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2H7, Canada.
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16
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Identification of breast cancer cell subtypes sensitive to ATG4B inhibition. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66970-66988. [PMID: 27556700 PMCID: PMC5341851 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a lysosome-mediated degradation and recycling process, functions in advanced malignancies to promote cancer cell survival and contribute to cancer progression and drug resistance. While various autophagy inhibition strategies are under investigation for cancer treatment, corresponding patient selection criteria for these autophagy inhibitors need to be developed. Due to its central roles in the autophagy process, the cysteine protease ATG4B is one of the autophagy proteins being pursued as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we investigated the expression of ATG4B in breast cancer, a heterogeneous disease comprised of several molecular subtypes. We examined a panel of breast cancer cell lines, xenograft tumors, and breast cancer patient specimens for the protein expression of ATG4B, and found a positive association between HER2 and ATG4B protein expression. We showed that HER2-positive cells, but not HER2-negative breast cancer cells, require ATG4B to survive under stress. In HER2-positive cells, cytoprotective autophagy was dependent on ATG4B under both starvation and HER2 inhibition conditions. Combined knockdown of ATG4B and HER2 by siRNA resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability, and the combination of ATG4B knockdown with trastuzumab resulted in a greater reduction in cell viability compared to trastuzumab treatment alone, in both trastuzumab-sensitive and -resistant HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. Together these results demonstrate a novel association of ATG4B positive expression with HER2 positive breast cancers and indicate that this subtype is suitable for emerging ATG4B inhibition strategies.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ruiz-Saenz
- Ana Ruiz-Saenz, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; and Mark M. Moasser, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Mark M Moasser
- Ana Ruiz-Saenz, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; and Mark M. Moasser, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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18
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Wu Y, Jiang X, Tao Y, Yao Y, Peng Y, Chen X, Fu Y, Yu L, Wang R, Lai Q, Lai W, Li W, Kang Y, Yi S, Lu Y, Gou L, Wu M, Yang J. Therapeutic potential of an anti-HER2 single chain antibody-DM1 conjugates for the treatment of HER2-positive cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2017; 2:17015. [PMID: 29263918 PMCID: PMC5661626 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2017.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) take the advantage of monoclonal antibodies to selectively deliver highly potent cytotoxic drugs to tumor cells, which have become a powerful measure for cancer treatment in recent years. To develop a more effective therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancer, we explored a novel ADCs composed of anti-HER2 scFv-HSA fusion antibodies conjugates with a potent cytotoxic drug DM1. The resulting ADCs, T-SA1-DM1 and T-SA2-DM1 (drug-to-antibody ratio in the range of 3.2-3.5) displayed efficient inhibition in the growth of HER2-positive tumor cell lines and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration on SKBR-3 and SKOV3 cells were both at the nanomolar levels in vitro. In HER2-positive human ovarian cancer xenograft models, T-SA1-DM1 and T-SA2-DM1 also showed remarkable antitumor activity. Importantly, three out of six mice exhibited complete remission without regrowth in the high-dose group of T-SA1-DM1. On the basis of the analysis of luminescence imaging, anti-HER2 scFv-HSA fusion antibodies, especially T-SA1, showed strong and rapid tumor tissue penetrability and distribution compared with trastuzumab. Collectively, the novel type of ADCs is effective and selective targeting to HER2-positive cancer, and may be a promising antitumor drug candidate for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Chengdu Rongsheng Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Research Center for Public Health and Preventive Medicine, West China School of Public, Health/No.4 West China Teaching Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
| | - Yujia Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuyin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruixue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qinhuai Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weirong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuhuan Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuli Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lantu Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota, USA
| | - Jinliang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Dongguan, China
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19
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Law AMK, Lim E, Ormandy CJ, Gallego-Ortega D. The innate and adaptive infiltrating immune systems as targets for breast cancer immunotherapy. Endocr Relat Cancer 2017; 24:R123-R144. [PMID: 28193698 PMCID: PMC5425956 DOI: 10.1530/erc-16-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A cancer cell-centric view has long dominated the field of cancer biology. Research efforts have focussed on aberrant cancer cell signalling pathways and on changes to cancer cell DNA. Mounting evidence demonstrates that many cancer-associated cell types within the tumour stroma co-evolve and support tumour growth and development, greatly modifying cancer cell behaviour, facilitating invasion and metastasis and controlling dormancy and sensitivity to drug therapy. Thus, these stromal cells represent potential targets for cancer therapy. Among these cell types, immune cells have emerged as a promising target for therapy. The adaptive and the innate immune system play an important role in normal mammary development and breast cancer. The number of infiltrating adaptive immune system cells with tumour-rejecting capacity, primarily, T lymphocytes, is lower in breast cancer compared with other cancer types, but infiltration occurs in a large proportion of cases. There is strong evidence demonstrating the importance of the immunosuppressive role of the innate immune system during breast cancer progression. A consideration of components of both the innate and the adaptive immune system is essential for the design and development of immunotherapies in breast cancer. In this review, we focus on the importance of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as potential targets for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M K Law
- Tumour Development GroupThe Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- Cancer Biology LaboratoryThe Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- Connie Johnson Breast Cancer Research LaboratoryThe Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher J Ormandy
- Cancer Biology LaboratoryThe Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Gallego-Ortega
- Tumour Development GroupThe Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical SchoolFaculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Spurrell EL, Lockley M. Adaptive immunity in cancer immunology and therapeutics. Ecancermedicalscience 2014; 8:441. [PMID: 25075215 PMCID: PMC4096025 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2014.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast genetic alterations characteristic of tumours produce a number of tumour antigens that enable the immune system to differentiate tumour cells from normal cells. Counter to this, tumour cells have developed mechanisms by which to evade host immunity in their constant quest for growth and survival. Tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) are one of the fundamental triggers of the immune response. They are important because they activate, via major histocompatibility complex (MHC), the T cell response, an important line of defense against tumourigenesis. However, the persistence of tumours despite host immunity implies that tumour cells develop immune avoidance. An example of this is the up-regulation of inhibitory immune checkpoint proteins, by tumours, which induces a form of self-tolerance. The majority of monoclonal antibodies in clinical practice have been developed to target tumour-specific antigens. More recently there has been research in the down-regulation of immune checkpoint proteins as a way of increasing anti-tumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L Spurrell
- Whittington Health NHS Trust, Magdala Avenue, London N19 5NF, UK
| | - Michelle Lockley
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
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21
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Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is traditionally viewed as an oestrogen-dependent disease in which the androgen receptor (AR) is inhibitory, counteracting the oncogenic activity of oestrogen receptor α (ERα (ESR1)). Most probably as a result of this crosstalk, the AR has prognostic value in ER-positive disease, with AR positivity reported to correlate with a better prognosis. Activation of the AR pathway has been previously used as a therapeutic strategy to treat BC, but its usage declined following the introduction of the anti-oestrogen tamoxifen. More recently, it has been demonstrated that a subset of triple-negative BCs (molecular apocrine) are dependent upon androgen signalling for growth and therapies that inhibit androgen signalling, currently used for the treatment of prostate cancer, e.g. the antiandrogen bicalutamide and the CYP17 inhibitor abiraterone acetate are undergoing clinical trials to investigate their efficacy in this BC subtype. This review summarises the current knowledge of AR activity in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Fioretti
- Androgen Signalling LaboratoryDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKMolecular OncologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - A Sita-Lumsden
- Androgen Signalling LaboratoryDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKMolecular OncologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - C L Bevan
- Androgen Signalling LaboratoryDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKMolecular OncologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - G N Brooke
- Androgen Signalling LaboratoryDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKMolecular OncologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UKAndrogen Signalling LaboratoryDepartment of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UKMolecular OncologySchool of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
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22
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Alphandéry E. Perspectives of breast cancer thermotherapies. J Cancer 2014; 5:472-9. [PMID: 24959300 PMCID: PMC4066359 DOI: 10.7150/jca.8693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this article, the use of different types of thermotherapies to treat breast cancer is reviewed. While hyperthermia is most commonly used as an adjuvant in combination with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy or cryotherapy to enhance the therapeutic effect of these therapies, thermoablation is usually carried out alone to eradicate small breast tumors. A recently developed thermotherapy, called magnetic hyperthermia, which involves localized heating of nanoparticles under the application of an alternating magnetic field, is also presented. The advantages and drawbacks of these different thermotherapies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edouard Alphandéry
- 1. Nanobacterie SARL, 36 boulevard Flandrin, 75116, Paris, France. ; 2. Institut de Minéralogie et de Physique des Milieux Condensés, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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23
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Sridhar J, Sfondouris ME, Bratton MR, Nguyen TLK, Townley I, Klein Stevens CL, Jones FE. Identification of quinones as HER2 inhibitors for the treatment of trastuzumab resistant breast cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:126-31. [PMID: 24355130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HER2 overexpression is associated with aggressive breast cancer with high recurrence rate and poor patient prognosis. Treatment of HER2 overexpressing patients with the HER2 targeting therapy trastuzumab results in acquired resistance within a year. The HER2/EGFR dual kinase inhibitor lapatinib was shown to inhibit some trastuzumab resistant breast cancer cell lines and is currently in clinical trials. Our group has found two new quinone compounds that show excellent inhibition of breast tumor cells expressing HER2 or the trastuzumab resistant HER2 oncogenic isoform, HER2Δ16. Compound 4 ((1R,2S,3S)-1,2,3,5,8-pentahydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroanthracene-9,10-dione) and compound 5 (5,8-dihydroxy-2,3-bis(hydroxymethyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione) showed sub-micromolar inhibition potency against these cell lines. These compounds also inhibit auto-phosphorylation of the Y1248 and Y1068 residues of HER2 and EGFR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayalakshmi Sridhar
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, United States.
| | - Mary E Sfondouris
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, 2000 Percival Stern Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States
| | - Melyssa R Bratton
- College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, United States
| | - Thuy-Linh K Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, United States
| | - Ian Townley
- College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, 1, Drexel Dr., New Orleans, LA 70125, United States
| | - Cheryl L Klein Stevens
- Ogden College of Science and Engineering, Western Kentucky University, 1906 College Heights Boulevard #11075, Bowling Green, KY 42101-1075, United States
| | - Frank E Jones
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, 2000 Percival Stern Hall, New Orleans, LA 70118, United States
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Leone Roberti Maggiore U, Bellati F, Ruscito I, Gasparri ML, Alessandri F, Venturini PL, Ferrero S. Monoclonal antibodies therapies for ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13:739-64. [PMID: 23373587 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.767328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite aggressive debulking surgery, intraperitoneal therapies and the use of new drugs for chemotherapy, patients with ovarian cancer (OC) still have poor prognosis and, therefore, new strategies for its management are needed. Molecular-targeted agents can be considered a new option in drug research. Several antigens related to OC have been isolated and they could be potential target of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs); therefore, different mAbs have been developed and are emerging as new potential OC treatments. AREAS COVERED This article aims to review the literature on the use of mAbs in the treatment of OC. The purposes of this manuscript are to offer a brief explanation of the mechanisms of action of mAbs and to help readers in understanding the current role of mAbs in the treatment of OC. EXPERT OPINION A deeper knowledge of the molecular biology of OC has brought new developments in targeted therapies. Among these therapies, bevacizumab demonstrated the higher clinical efficacy. Further larger trials are needed to better define the role of the other mAbs in OC treatment. There is a strong need to identify and validate robust biomarkers for a more focused patient selection and for tailoring therapies, optimizing dose and assessing response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Leone Roberti Maggiore
- University of Genoa, San Martino Hospital and National Institute for Cancer Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Largo R. Benzi 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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25
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The HER2 Receptor in Breast Cancer: Pathophysiology, Clinical Use, and New Advances in Therapy. CHEMOTHERAPY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2012; 2012:743193. [PMID: 23320171 PMCID: PMC3539433 DOI: 10.1155/2012/743193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in around 20-30% of breast cancer tumors. It is associated with a more aggressive disease, higher recurrence rate, and increased mortality. Trastuzumab is a HER2 receptor blocker that has become the standard of care for the treatment of HER2 positive breast cancer. The effectiveness of Trastuzumab has been well validated in research as well as in clinical practice. The addition of Trastuzumab to standard of care chemotherapy in clinical trials has been shown to improve outcomes for early stage as well as metastatic HER2 positive breast cancer. The most clinically significant side effect of Trastuzumab is the risk of cardiac myocyte injury, leading to the development of congestive heart failure. The emergence of patterns of resistance to Trastuzumab has led to the discovery of new monoclonal antibodies and other targeted agents aimed at overcoming Trastuzumab resistance and improving survival in patients diagnosed with HER2 positive breast cancers.
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26
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Wang ZY, Xing Y, Liu B, Lu L, Huang X, Ge CY, Yao WJ, Xu ML, Gao ZQ, Cao RY, Wu J, Li TM, Liu JJ. Protective antitumor immunity induced by tumor cell lysates conjugated with diphtheria toxin and adjuvant epitope in mouse breast tumor models. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012; 31:295-305. [PMID: 22464650 PMCID: PMC3777491 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell vaccine-based immunotherapy has received increasing interest in many clinical trials involving patients with breast cancer. Combining with appropriate adjuvants can enhance the weak immunogenic properties of tumor cell lysates (TCL). In this study, diphtheria toxin (DT) and two tandem repeats of mycobacterial heat shock protein 70 (mHSP70) fragment 407-426 (M2) were conjugated to TCL with glutaraldehyde, and the constructed cancer cell vaccine was named DT-TCL-M2. Subcutaneous injection of DT-TCL-M2 in mice effectively elicited tumor-specific polyclonal immune responses, including humoral and cellular immune responses. High levels of antibodies against TCL were detected in the serum of immunized mice with ELISA and verified with Western blot analyses. The splenocytes from immunized mice showed potent cytotoxicity on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. Moreover, the protective antitumor immunity induced by DT-TCL-M2 inhibited tumor growth in a mouse breast tumor model. DT-TCL-M2 also attenuated tumor-induced angiogenesis and slowed tumor growth in a mouse intradermal tumor model. These findings demonstrate that TCL conjugated with appropriate adjuvants induced effective antitumor immunity in vivo. Improvements in potency could further make cancer cell vaccines a useful and safe method for preventing cancer recurrence after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
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27
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Klier U, Maletzki C, Kreikemeyer B, Klar E, Linnebacher M. Combining bacterial-immunotherapy with therapeutic antibodies: a novel therapeutic concept. Vaccine 2012; 30:2786-94. [PMID: 22342917 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic strategies become more and more important for cancer treatment. Therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) like Panitumumab binding and blocking the EGF-receptor are in routine clinical use for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Also, bacterial therapy proved beneficial for experimental treatment of different tumor entities. The latter has been attributed to an activation of the immune system. Here, we describe a combination of both immunotherapeutic approaches in order to develop a novel targeted therapy for CRC. The therapeutic mAbs Trastuzumab and Panitumumab were conjugated to heat-inactivated bacteria expressing protein A or protein G. The potential of the conjugates was tested in comparison to the single components both in vitro and in vivo using a panel of patient-derived CRC cell lines. Antitumoral effects observed in vitro were strictly dependent on the presence of bacteria. Generally, effects could be enhanced by the addition of human lymphocytes. Detailed analysis of effector cells in autologous and allogeneic long-term stimulated lymphocyte cultures revealed the predominance of NK-cell-like cytolytic effectors. Reactivity was observed both against CRC target cells but also against the NK cell target K562. Similarly, in a subsequent in vivo study we observed substantial tumor growth delay accompanied by an increase in circulating NK cells. Contrary to this, the monotherapy with mAb alone caused only marginal effects and the treatment with bacteria was comparable to the mock-treated control. These data demonstrate successful targeting of CRC by bacteria/mAb conjugates. This novel concept may be interesting for future clinical approaches. Additionally, it illustrates the effectiveness of NK cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Klier
- Department of General, Vascular, Thoracic and Transplantation Surgery, Section of Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Weinberg AD, Morris NP, Kovacsovics-Bankowski M, Urba WJ, Curti BD. Science gone translational: the OX40 agonist story. Immunol Rev 2012; 244:218-31. [PMID: 22017441 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.2011.01069.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OX40 (CD134) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor expressed primarily on activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and transmits a potent costimulatory signal when engaged. OX40 is transiently expressed after T-cell receptor engagement and is upregulated on the most recently antigen-activated T cells within inflammatory lesions (e.g. sites of autoimmune destruction and on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes). Hence, it is an attractive target to modulate immune responses: OX40 blocking agents to inhibit undesirable inflammation or OX40 agonists to enhance immune responses. In regards to this review, OX40 agonists enhance anti-tumor immunity, which leads to therapeutic effects in mouse tumor models. A team of laboratory and clinical scientists at the Providence Cancer Center has collaborated to bring the preclinical observations in cancer models from the bench to the bedside. This review describes the journey from in vitro experiments through preclinical mouse models to the successful translation of the first OX40 agonist to the clinic for the treatment of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Weinberg
- Providence Cancer Research Center, Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR 97213, USA.
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29
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Bellati F, Napoletano C, Gasparri ML, Visconti V, Zizzari IG, Ruscito I, Caccetta J, Rughetti A, Benedetti-Panici P, Nuti M. Monoclonal antibodies in gynecological cancer: a critical point of view. Clin Dev Immunol 2011; 2011:890758. [PMID: 22235224 PMCID: PMC3253445 DOI: 10.1155/2011/890758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades, several improvements in treating gynecological malignancies have been achieved. In particular, target therapies, mostly monoclonal antibodies, have emerged as an attractive option for the treatment of these malignancies. In fact, various molecular-targeted agents have been developed for a variety of malignancies with the objective to interfere with a precise tumor associated receptor, essential for cancer cell survival or proliferation, blocking its function, of the cancer cells. Alternatively, monoclonal antibodies have been developed to block immune suppression or enhance functions of immune effector cells. So far, several monoclonal antibodies have been tested for clinical efficacy for the treatment of gynecological cancers. Antibodies against Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) have been used in different neoplasms such as ovarian and cervical cancer. Catumazumab, a bivalent antibody against CD3 and EpCAM, is effective in the treatment of neoplastic ascites. Other antibodies are peculiar for specific cancer-associated antigen such as Oregovomab against CA125 or Farletuzumab against the folate receptor. Here we describe the preclinical and clinical experience gained up to now with monoclonal antibodies in tumors of the female genital tract and trace future therapeutic and research venues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Bellati
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Napoletano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Visconti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ilary Ruscito
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Jlenia Caccetta
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - Aurelia Rughetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marianna Nuti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
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Flavonoid-enriched extracts from Nelumbo nucifera leaves inhibits proliferation of breast cancer in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Integr Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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