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Wang Y, Xu Z, Wu KL, Yu L, Wang C, Ding H, Gao Y, Sun H, Wu YH, Xia M, Chen Y, Xiao H. Siglec-15/sialic acid axis as a central glyco-immune checkpoint in breast cancer bone metastasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312929121. [PMID: 38252825 PMCID: PMC10835054 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312929121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising approach for treating metastatic breast cancer (MBC), offering new possibilities for therapy. While checkpoint inhibitors have shown great progress in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, their effectiveness in patients with bone metastases has been disappointing. This lack of efficacy seems to be specific to the bone environment, which exhibits immunosuppressive features. In this study, we elucidate the multiple roles of the sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)-15/sialic acid glyco-immune checkpoint axis in the bone metastatic niche and explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting this glyco-immune checkpoint. Our research reveals that elevated levels of Siglec-15 in the bone metastatic niche can promote tumor-induced osteoclastogenesis as well as suppress antigen-specific T cell responses. Next, we demonstrate that antibody blockade of the Siglec-15/sialic acid glyco-immune checkpoint axis can act as a potential treatment for breast cancer bone metastasis. By targeting this pathway, we not only aim to treat bone metastasis but also inhibit the spread of metastatic cancer cells from bone lesions to other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Zhan Xu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Kuan-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Liqun Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Chenhang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Haoxue Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Han Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX77030
| | - Meng Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Yuda Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX77005
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Feng H, Feng J, Han X, Ying Y, Lou W, Liu L, Zhang L. The Potential of Siglecs and Sialic Acids as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Tumor Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:289. [PMID: 38254780 PMCID: PMC10813689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of sialic acid is closely associated with oncogenesis and tumor progression. Most tumor cells exhibit sialic acid upregulation. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are receptors that recognize sialic acid and are expressed in various immune cells. The activity of Siglecs in the tumor microenvironment promotes immune escape, mirroring the mechanisms of the well-characterized PD-1/PD-L1 pathway in cancer. Cancer cells utilize sialic acid-linked glycans to evade immune surveillance. As Siglecs exhibit similar mechanisms as the established immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), they are potential therapeutic targets for different forms of cancer, especially ICI-resistant malignancies. Additionally, the upregulation of sialic acid serves as a potential tumor biomarker. This review examines the feasibility of using sialic acid and Siglecs for early malignant tumor detection and discusses the potential of targeting Siglec-sialic acid interaction as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokang Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiale Feng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Ying
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenhui Lou
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- The Shanghai Geriatrics Medical Center, Zhongshan Hospital MinHang MeiLong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (H.F.); (J.F.); (X.H.); (Y.Y.); (W.L.)
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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3
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Rao Y, Ahmed N, Pritchard J, O'Brien EP. Incorporating mutational heterogeneity to identify genes that are enriched for synonymous mutations in cancer. BMC Bioinformatics 2023; 24:462. [PMID: 38062391 PMCID: PMC10704839 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-023-05521-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synonymous mutations, which change the DNA sequence but not the encoded protein sequence, can affect protein structure and function, mRNA maturation, and mRNA half-lives. The possibility that synonymous mutations might be enriched in cancer has been explored in several recent studies. However, none of these studies control for all three types of mutational heterogeneity (patient, histology, and gene) that are known to affect the accurate identification of non-synonymous cancer-associated genes. Our goal is to adopt the current standard for non-synonymous mutations in an investigation of synonymous mutations. RESULTS Here, we create an algorithm, MutSigCVsyn, an adaptation of MutSigCV, to identify cancer-associated genes that are enriched for synonymous mutations based on a non-coding background model that takes into account the mutational heterogeneity across these levels. Using MutSigCVsyn, we first analyzed 2572 cancer whole-genome samples from the Pan-cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) to identify non-synonymous cancer drivers as a quality control. Indicative of the algorithm accuracy we find that 58.6% of these candidate genes were also found in Cancer Census Gene (CGC) list, and 66.2% were found within the PCAWG cancer driver list. We then applied it to identify 30 putative cancer-associated genes that are enriched for synonymous mutations within the same samples. One of the promising gene candidates is the B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) gene. BCL-2 regulates apoptosis by antagonizing the action of proapoptotic BCL-2 family member proteins. The synonymous mutations in BCL2 are enriched in its anti-apoptotic domain and likely play a role in cancer cell proliferation. CONCLUSION Our study introduces MutSigCVsyn, an algorithm that accounts for mutational heterogeneity at patient, histology, and gene levels, to identify cancer-associated genes that are enriched for synonymous mutations using whole genome sequencing data. We identified 30 putative candidate genes that will benefit from future experimental studies on the role of synonymous mutations in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Rao
- Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nabeel Ahmed
- Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - Justin Pritchard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Edward P O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
- Institute for Computational and Data Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, State College, PA, 16802, USA.
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Jin T, Wang W, Ge L, Li X, Ge M. The expression of two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family molecules in papillary thyroid cancer and their effect on prognosis. Endocrine 2023; 82:590-601. [PMID: 37480496 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03452-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The thyroid cancer (THCA) subtype that occurs more frequently is papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Despite a favorable postoperative outcome, traditional antitumor therapy does not offer ideal results for patients with metastasis, relapse, and radioiodine resistance. Recent studies demonstrated the remarkable effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors on solid tumors, of which the immunoglobulin superfamily member SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 act as novel immunotherapy targets for tumors. Nevertheless, their role in PTC prognosis is still indefinite. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was utilized to examine the expression of SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 in 244 PTC tissue specimens. Then the expression correlation between the two was analyzed in normal tissues (NT), tumor cells (TC), and tumor stroma (TS), respectively. Subsequently, the retrospective data on patients with PTC were collected to examine whether the two immunosuppressive SIGLEC family members could affect their prognosis. RESULTS We confirmed that TC expressed higher levels of SIGLEC10 than NT. However, SIGLEC10 was down-regulated in TS and predicted poor outcomes. Meanwhile, down-regulation of SIGLEC15 expression was observed in both TC and TS, indicating a favorable prognosis. PTC patients with both SIGLEC10-SIGLEC15+ expression in TC and TS had a significantly higher recurrence risk. The expression of SIGLEC10 in TS and SIGLEC15 in TC or TS was an independent predictor of PFS, and a positive correlation was shown between SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 expression in TS. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, our results indicate that SIGLEC10 and SIGLEC15 may be applied as significant prognostic markers for PTC and attractive targets for THCA immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiefeng Jin
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Luqi Ge
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Minghua Ge
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cancer of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
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Fan WJ, Zhou MX, Wang DD, Jiang XX, Ding H. TMEM147 is a novel biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Genet Mol Biol 2023; 46:e20220323. [PMID: 37335919 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2022-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver malignancy with high incidence and poor prognosis. Transmembrane protein 147 (TMEM147) has been implicated in the development of colon cancer. However, the role of TMEM147 in HCC remains unclear. In this study, data of 371 HCC tissues, 50 adjacent nontumor tissues, and 110 normal liver tissues were retrieved from the TCGA and GTEx databases. TMEM147 expression was found to be increased in HCC tissues. High expression of TMEM147 was related to poor prognosis, and TMEM147 was confirmed to be an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed and showed that the diagnostic efficacy of TMEM147 was significantly higher than that of AFP (0.908 versus 0.746, p < 0.001). Furthermore, TMEM147 promoted tumor immune infiltration, and macrophages were the immune cells that predominantly expressed TMEM147 in HCC. Further analysis revealed that TMEM147 mainly impacted the ribosome pathway, and CTCF, MLLT1, TGIF2, ZNF146, and ZNF580 were predicted to be the upstream transcription factors for TMEM147 in HCC. These results suggest that TMEM147 serves as a promising biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis and may potentially become a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Fan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Radiology, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Meng-Xi Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Radiology, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Di-Di Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xin-Xin Jiang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hao Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Department of Gastroenterology, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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6
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Wang J, Xu L, Ding Q, Li X, Wang K, Xu S, Liu B. Siglec15 is a prognostic indicator and a potential tumor-related macrophage regulator that is involved in the suppressive immunomicroenvironment in gliomas. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1065062. [PMID: 37325664 PMCID: PMC10266207 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1065062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Siglec15 is rising as a promising immunotherapeutic target in bladder, breast, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. The aim of the present study is to explore the prognostic value and immunotherapeutic possibilities of Siglec15 in gliomas using bioinformatics and clinicopathological methods. Methods The bioinformatics approach was used to examine Siglec15 mRNA expression in gliomas based on TCGA, CGGA, and GEO datasets. Then, the predictive value of Siglec15 expression on progression-free survival time (PFST) and overall survival time (OST) in glioma patients was comprehensively described.The TCGA database was screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the high and low Siglec15 expression groups, and enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed. The Siglec15 protein expression and its prognostic impact in 92 glioma samples were explored using immunohistochemistry Next, the relationships between Siglec15 expression and infiltrating immune cells, immune regulators and multiple immune checkpoints were analysed. Results Bioinformatics analyses showed that high Siglec15 levels predicted poor clinical prognosis and adverse recurrence time in glioma patients. In the immunohistochemical study serving as a validation set, Siglec15 protein overexpression was found in 33.3% (10/30) of WHO grade II, 56% (14/25) of WHO grade III, and 70.3% (26/37) of WHO grade IV gliomas respectively. Siglec15 protein overexpression was also found to be an independent prognostic indicator detrimental to the PFST and OST of glioma patients. Enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in pathways associated with immune function, including leukocyte transendothelial migration, focal adhesion, ECM receptor interaction, and T-cell receptor signaling pathways. In addition, high Siglec15 expression was related to M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), N2 tumor-infiltrating neutrophils, suppressive tumor immune microenvironment, and multiple immune checkpoint molecules. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the colocalization of Siglec15 and CD163 on TAMs. Conclusion Siglec15 overexpression is common in gliomas and predicts an adverse recurrence time and overall survival time. Siglec15 is a potential target for immunotherapy and a potential TAMs regulator that is involved in the suppressed immunomicroenvironment in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Linzong Xu
- Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoru Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Graduate School of Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Shangchen Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
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Jiang KY, Qi LL, Liu XB, Wang Y, Wang L. Prognostic value of Siglec-15 expression in patients with solid tumors: A meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1073932. [PMID: 36713548 PMCID: PMC9875589 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1073932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Siglec-15 is expressed in a variety of cancers. However, the role of Siglec-15 in the prognosis of cancer patients remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the potential prognostic value of Siglec-15 in solid tumors. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CNKI databases were comprehensively searched to identify studies assessing the effect of Siglec-15 on the survival of cancer patients. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) from individual studies were evaluated. Results The data from 13 observational studies consisting of 1376 patients were summarized. Elevated baseline Siglec-15 expression was significantly correlated with poor OS (pooled HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.05-1.56; P = 0.013). However, high Siglec-15 expression predicted a significantly better DSS (pooled HR = 0.73 (95% CI: 0.57-0.94; P = 0.015) but not PFS (pooled HR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.46-4.87; P=0.510). In addition, high Siglec-15 expression was not associated with PD-L1 (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.95; P = 0.028). High Siglec-15 expression was associated with male sex (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05-1.84; P = 0.022), larger tumor size (OR = 1.896, 95% CI: 1.26-2.9; P = 0.002), and advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.19-2.84; P =0.006) in solid tumors. Conclusions This updated study suggested the expression of Siglec-15 is significantly associated with poor outcomes in human solid tumors, but further studies are needed to determine the prognostic value of Siglec-15 in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui-Ying Jiang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Li-Li Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,Experimental Teaching Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin-Bo Liu
- Department of thoracic surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Academic Research, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China,*Correspondence: Ling Wang,
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Huang R, Zheng J, Shao Y, Zhu L, Yang T. Siglec-15 as multifunctional molecule involved in osteoclast differentiation, cancer immunity and microbial infection. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 177:34-41. [PMID: 36265694 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Siglec-15 is a highly conserved member of the Siglec family, expressed on osteoclasts, a subset of myeloid cells and some cancer cells. Except for regulating osteoclast differentiation, Siglec-15 engages in immunoregulation as an immune suppressor. Siglec-15 functions as an immunosuppressive molecule in tumor-associated macrophage-mediated T cell immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which makes Siglec-15 to be an emerging and promising target for normalization cancer immunotherapy. Besides, Siglec-15 interacts with sialylated pathogens and modulates host immune response against microbial pathogens by altering cytokine production and/or phagocytosis, which further broadens the underlying pathophysiological roles of Siglec-15. The fact that N-glycosylation and sialylation of Siglec-15 play a pivotal role in Siglec-15 biological function indicates that targeting certain post-translational modification may be an effective strategy for targeting Siglec-15 therapy. In-depth exploring Siglec-15 biology function is crucial for better design of Siglec-15-based therapy according to different clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinxiu Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China.
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Lu Z, Cheng P, Huang F, Li J, Wang B, Zou S, Zheng Z, Peng C. Significance of Siglec-15 expression in colorectal cancer: association with advanced disease stage and fewer tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. J Pathol Clin Res 2022; 9:121-128. [PMID: 36424637 PMCID: PMC9896156 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Siglec-15, a novel immune suppressor, is upregulated in many human cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression of Siglec-15 in colorectal cancer (CRC), and investigate whether Siglec-15 could be a potential target for cancer immunotherapy in patients with CRC. We performed immunohistochemical analyses of Siglec-15 on a cohort of 805 patients with CRC and made comparisons between clinicopathological characteristics, PD-L1 expression, CD3, CD8, CD45RO tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and prognosis. We found that Siglec-15 expression was commonly detected in tumor cells (48.3%) and tumor-associated stromal cells (33.4%), and was more frequently observed than PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. In contrast, Siglec-15 expression was weakly and scarcely found in normal mucosa (13%). Siglec-15 overexpression in tumor cells was associated with advanced TNM stage (p = 0.020). Co-expression of Siglec-15 and PD-L1 in tumor cells was found in 14.4% of patients, and Siglec-15 expression was detected in almost half of PD-L1 negative cases. Elevated Siglec-15 expression in tumor and stromal cells was associated with sparser CD45RO and CD8 TILs (p = 0.035 and p = 0.004, respectively). The expression of Siglec-15 did not have prognostic significance. In summary, compared to PD-L1, Siglec-15 protein expression is more prevalent in CRC and is associated with advanced disease stage and fewer TILs. These findings support Siglec-15 as a potential cancer immunotherapy target, in addition to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanPR China
| | - Pu Cheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Fei Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Jiyun Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Bingzhi Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Shuangmei Zou
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Zhaoxu Zheng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingPR China
| | - Chunwei Peng
- Department of Gastrointestinal SurgeryZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanPR China
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Shafi S, Aung TN, Xirou V, Gavrielatou N, Vathiotis IA, Fernandez A, Moutafi M, Yaghoobi V, Herbst RS, Liu LN, Langermann S, Rimm DL. Quantitative assessment of Siglec-15 expression in lung, breast, head, and neck squamous cell carcinoma and bladder cancer. J Transl Med 2022; 102:1143-1149. [PMID: 35581307 PMCID: PMC10211373 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-022-00796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade with programmed cell death (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors has resulted in significant progress in the treatment of various cancer types. However, not all patients respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade, underscoring the importance of identifying new potential targets for immunotherapy. One promising target is the immune system modulator Siglec-15. In this study, we assess Siglec-15 expression in solid tumors, with a focus on lung, breast, head and neck squamous and bladder cancers. Using quantitative immunofluorescence (QIF) with a previously validated antibody, we found increased Siglec-15 expression in both tumor and immune cells in all the four cancer types. Siglec-15 was seen to be predominantly expressed by the stromal immune cells (83% in lung, 70.1% in breast, 95.2% in head and neck squamous cell and 89% in bladder cancers). Considerable intra-tumoral heterogeneity was noted across cancer types. As previously described for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), Siglec-15 expression was seen to be mutually exclusive to PD-L1 in all the four cancer types, although this differential expression was maintained but somewhat diminished in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Siglec-15 was not prognostic either for overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS). In summary, we show broad expression of this potential immune modulatory target in a wide range of cancer types. These data suggest potential future clinical trials in these tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Shafi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Thazin Nwe Aung
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vasiliki Xirou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Niki Gavrielatou
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ioannis A Vathiotis
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Aileen Fernandez
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Myrto Moutafi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Vesal Yaghoobi
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roy S Herbst
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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11
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Marciel MP, Haldar B, Hwang J, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Role of tumor cell sialylation in pancreatic cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:123-155. [PMID: 36725107 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is currently the third leading cause of cancer death. The aggressiveness of PDAC stems from late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor efficacy of current chemotherapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective biomarkers for early detection of PDAC and development of new therapeutic strategies. It has long been known that cellular glycosylation is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, however, tumor-associated glycans and their cognate glycosylating enzymes have received insufficient attention as potential clinical targets. Aberrant glycosylation affects a broad range of pathways that underpin tumor initiation, metastatic progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. One of the prevalent alterations in the cancer glycome is an enrichment in a select group of sialylated glycans including sialylated, branched N-glycans, sialyl Lewis antigens, and sialylated forms of truncated O-glycans such as the sialyl Tn antigen. These modifications affect the activity of numerous cell surface receptors, which collectively impart malignant characteristics typified by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis-resistance. Additionally, sialic acids on tumor cells engage inhibitory Siglec receptors on immune cells to dampen anti-tumor immunity, further promoting cancer progression. The goal of this review is to summarize the predominant changes in sialylation occurring in pancreatic cancer, the biological functions of sialylated glycoproteins in cancer pathogenesis, and the emerging strategies for targeting sialoglycans and Siglec receptors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Barnita Haldar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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12
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Hou X, Chen C, Lan X, He X. Unveiling the molecular features, relevant immune and clinical characteristics of SIGLEC15 in thyroid cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:975787. [PMID: 36159823 PMCID: PMC9500188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.975787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The groundbreaking research work about SIGLEC15 has raised it as a potential promising target in cancer immunotherapy. Unfortunately, the role of SIGLEC15 in thyroid carcinoma (THCA) remains obscure. Public and home multi-omics data were collected to investigate the role of SIGLEC15 in THCA in our study. SIGLEC15 was upregulated in THCA tumor tissue compared to nontumor tissue in both mRNA and protein levels; gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) results showed that high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression was positively correlated to many immune pathways. Results of the examination of immunological landscape characteristics displayed high SIGLEC15 mRNA expression that mainly positively correlated with a large number of cancer immunity immunomodulators and pathways. In addition, upregulation of SIGLEC15 was positively correlated with an enhanced immune score, stromal score, and estimate score. However, higher SIGLEC15 mRNA also met high immune exhausted status. The majority of CpG methylation sites negatively correlated with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. Analysis of clinical characteristics supported increased SIGLEC15 expression that was positively correlated with more extrathyroid extension and lymph node metastasis. We observed different single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variation (CNV) patterns in high and low SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups; some vital DNA damage repair deficiency scores addressed a negative correlation with SIGLEC15 mRNA expression. We also found that some commonly used chemotherapy drugs might be suitable for different SIGLEC15 mRNA expression subgroups. This study highlighted the vital role of SIGLEC15 in THCA. Targeting SIGLEC15 may offer a potential novel therapeutic opportunity for THCA patients. However, the detailed exact cellular mechanisms of SIGLEC15 in THCA still needed to be elucidated by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Hou
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiabin Lan
- Department of Head & Neck Oncology Surgery, the Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Head & Neck Cancer Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong He, ; Xiabin Lan,
| | - Xiaodong He
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaodong He, ; Xiabin Lan,
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13
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Tan P, Li M, Liu Z, Li T, Zhao L, Fu W. Glycolysis-Related LINC02432/Hsa-miR-98–5p/HK2 Axis Inhibits Ferroptosis and Predicts Immune Infiltration, Tumor Mutation Burden, and Drug Sensitivity in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937413. [PMID: 35795552 PMCID: PMC9251347 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a malignant cancer with high incidence and mortality. Glycometabolic rearrangements (aerobic glycolysis) is a hallmark of PAAD and contributes to tumorigenesis and progression through numerous mechanisms. This study aimed to identify a novel glycolysis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA signature in PAAD and explore its potential molecular function. We first calculated the glycolysis score for each PAAD patient by the ssGSEA algorithm and found that patients with higher hallmark glycolysis scores had poorer prognosis. Subsequently, we obtained a novel glycolysis-related LINC02432/hsa-miR-98–5p/HK2 axis from the TCGA and GEO databases using comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and developed a nomogram to predict overall survival. Furthermore, functional characterization analysis revealed that LINC02432/hsa-miR-98–5p/HK2 axis risk score was negatively correlated with ferroptosis. The tumor immune infiltration analysis suggested positive correlations between ceRNA risk score and infiltrated M0 macrophage levels in PAAD. Correlation analysis found that ceRNA risk scores were positively correlated with four chemokines (CXCL3, CXCL5, CXCL8 and CCL20) and one immune checkpoint gene (SIGLEC15). Meanwhile, tumor mutation burden (TMB), an indicator for predicting response to immunotherapy, was positively correlated with ceRNA risk score. Finally, the drug sensitivity analysis showed that the high-risk score patients might be more sensitive to EGFR, MEK and ERK inhibitors than low-risk score patients. In conclusion, our study suggested that LINC02432/hsa-miR-98–5p/HK2 axis may serve as a novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic target in PAAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics / Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mo Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhuoran Liu
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Tongxi Li
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lingyu Zhao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics / Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyu Zhao, ; Wenguang Fu,
| | - Wenguang Fu
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of General Surgery (Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery), The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lingyu Zhao, ; Wenguang Fu,
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14
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Chen X, Mo S, Zhang Y, Ma H, Lu Z, Yu S, Chen J. Analysis of a novel immune checkpoint, Siglec-15, in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022; 8:268-278. [PMID: 35083884 PMCID: PMC8977273 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Siglec‐15, a novel immune checkpoint, is an emerging target for next‐generation cancer immunotherapy. However, the role of Siglec‐15 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains poorly understood. We investigated the expression of Siglec‐15 and its association with clinicopathological characteristics, programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), immune cells, and DNA damage repair (DDR) molecules in a cohort of 291 patients with PDAC. Positive tumour cell expression of Siglec‐15 and PD‐L1 was observed in 18.6 and 30.3% of the samples, respectively. We also detected Siglec‐15 positivity in macrophages in 3.4% of patients. Co‐expression of Siglec‐15 with PD‐L1 was observed in 6.1% of the patients. A total of 33 PD‐L1‐negative samples (18.0%) were Siglec‐15‐positive. Siglec‐15 was observed more frequently in moderate‐to‐well‐differentiated tumours. Siglec‐15 was associated with a low density of Tregs and CD45RO T cells, high BRCA1 expression, and improved survival. Both Siglec‐15 and PD‐L1 are independent factors of patient outcomes. The prognostic significance of Siglec‐15 for survival was more discriminative in lymph node‐negative, high BRCA1 expression, or low BRCA2 expression tumours than in lymph node‐positive, low BRCA1 expression, or high BRCA2 expression tumours. In conclusion, we identified Siglec‐15 as a promising predictor for prognosis combined with different DDR molecular statuses and complex tumour‐infiltrating cells in PDAC. Targeting Siglec‐15 may be a novel therapeutic option for patients who are unresponsive to anti‐PD‐1 therapy. Future studies are needed to validate the prognostic significance of Siglec‐15 and to investigate its regulatory mechanisms in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shengwei Mo
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Heng Ma
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Lu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shuangni Yu
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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15
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Expression of Immune Checkpoints in Malignant Tumors: Therapy Targets and Biomarkers for the Gastric Cancer Prognosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122370. [PMID: 34943606 PMCID: PMC8700640 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To increase the effectiveness of anticancer therapy based on immune checkpoint (IC) inhibition, some ICs are being investigated in addition to those used in clinic. We reviewed data on the relationship between PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4, IDO1, Galectin-3 and -9, CEACAM1, CD155, Siglec-15 and ADAM17 expression with cancer development in complex with the results of clinical trials on their inhibition. Increased expression of the most studied ICs—PD-L1, B7-H3, and B7-H4—is associated with poor survival; their inhibition is clinically significant. Expression of IDO1, CD155, and ADAM17 is also associated with poor survival, including gastric cancer (GC). The available data indicate that CD155 and ADAM17 are promising targets for immune therapy. However, the clinical trials of anti-IDO1 antibodies have been unsatisfactory. Expression of Galectin-3 and -9, CEACAM1 and Siglec-15 demonstrates a contradictory relationship with patient survival. The lack of satisfactory results of these IC inhibitor clinical trials additionally indicates the complex nature of their functioning. In conclusion, in many cases it is important to analyze the expression of other participants of the immune response besides target IC. The PD-L1, B7-H3, B7-H4, IDO1 and ADAM17 may be considered as candidates for prognosis markers for GC patient survival.
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16
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Rashid S, Song D, Yuan J, Mullin BH, Xu J. Molecular structure, expression, and the emerging role of Siglec-15 in skeletal biology and cancer. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1711-1719. [PMID: 34893976 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Siglec-15, a Siglec family member and type-1 transmembrane protein, is expressed mainly in human macrophages and dendritic cells. It is comprised of a lysine-containing transmembrane domain, two extracellular immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains and a short cytoplasmic domain. Siglec-15 is highly conserved in vertebrates and acts as an immunoreceptor. It exerts diverse functions on osteoclast physiology as well as the tumor microenvironment. Siglec-15 interacts with adapter protein DAP12 - Syk signaling pathway to regulate the RANKL/RANK-mediated PI3K, AKT, and ERK signaling pathways during osteoclast formation in vitro. Consistently, the lack of the Siglec-15 gene in mice leads to impaired osteoclast activity and osteopetrosis in vivo. In addition, Siglec-15 is expressed by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and regulates the tumor microenvironment by activating the SYK/MAPK signaling pathway. Interestingly, Siglec-15 shares sequence homology to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and has a potential immune-regulatory role in cancer immunology. Thus, Siglec-15 might also represent an alternative target for the treatment of cancers that do not respond to anti-PD-L1/PD-1 immunotherapy. Understanding the role of Siglec-15 in osteoclastogenesis and the tumor microenvironment will help us to develop new treatments for bone disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rashid
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Research Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinbo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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17
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Lim J, Sari-Ak D, Bagga T. Siglecs as Therapeutic Targets in Cancer. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:1178. [PMID: 34827170 PMCID: PMC8615218 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypersialylation is a common post-translational modification of protein and lipids found on cancer cell surfaces, which participate in cell-cell interactions and in the regulation of immune responses. Sialic acids are a family of nine-carbon α-keto acids found at the outermost ends of glycans attached to cell surfaces. Given their locations on cell surfaces, tumor cells aberrantly overexpress sialic acids, which are recognized by Siglec receptors found on immune cells to mediate broad immunomodulatory signaling. Enhanced sialylation exposed on cancer cell surfaces is exemplified as "self-associated molecular pattern" (SAMP), which tricks Siglec receptors found on leukocytes to greatly down-regulate immune responsiveness, leading to tumor growth. In this review, we focused on all 15 human Siglecs (including Siglec XII), many of which still remain understudied. We also highlighted strategies that disrupt the course of Siglec-sialic acid interactions, such as antibody-based therapies and sialic acid mimetics leading to tumor cell depletion. Herein, we introduced the central roles of Siglecs in mediating pro-tumor immunity and discussed strategies that target these receptors, which could benefit improved cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackwee Lim
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore;
| | - Duygu Sari-Ak
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul 34668, Turkey;
| | - Tanaya Bagga
- Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, 8a Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore;
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18
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Du H, Tang J, Li X, Wang X, Wu L, Zhang R, Hu P, Yang Y. Siglec-15 Is an Immune Suppressor and Potential Target for Immunotherapy in the Pre-Metastatic Lymph Node of Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:691937. [PMID: 34722496 PMCID: PMC8548766 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.691937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis indicates a poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. To better understand the underlying mechanisms of lymph node metastasis, we analyzed transcriptome characteristics of the pre-metastatic lymph node, a putative microenvironment favorable for the seeding and proliferation of cancer cells. Thus, we tried to compare and elucidate the transcriptional and immune characteristics of sentinel lymph nodes (SNs) with matched non-sentinel lymph nodes (NSNs) in colorectal cancer patients. In this study, a total of 38 pairs of SNs and NSNs were collected, in which 26 pairs of non-metastatic lymph nodes were subjected to RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis for the gene expression profiles. There were 16 differentially expressed genes between SNs and NSNs being identified, including 9 upregulated and 7 downregulated genes in SN. Gene Ontology (GO) classification analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in leukocyte differentiation, chemokine secretion, and immune system regulation. In the meantime, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that immune-related signaling pathways, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)/nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling, were enriched in NSN, while cell proliferation–related signaling pathways were enriched in SN, including MYC signaling and G2M checkpoint signaling. We further identified SIGLEC15 as a top upregulated gene in SN. However, RNAscope assay showed that SIGLEC15 was not largely co-expressed with M2 macrophage marker CD163. We then selected eight pairs of lymph nodes for further cytological studies. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that Siglec-15 was expressed on all myeloid cell subsets. The relative expression of SEGLEC15 (SN/NSN) was correlated with the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer patients. Further studies found that small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA)-mediated silencing of SLGLEC15 can enhance the anti-tumor function of T cells, as indicated by cytokine release analysis. In conclusion, we presented here a first report on the gene expression profiling of the pre-metastatic lymph node in colorectal cancer. The findings in this study suggest that SIGLEC15 plays an important role in SN immunosuppression. SEGLEC15 silencing could be a therapeutic strategy for restoring T cell function in tumor SNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Du
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingling Tang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Xinjun Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Liyun Wu
- Department of Research and Development, Sinorda Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guizhou, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Pingsheng Hu
- Department of Research and Development, Sinorda Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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19
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López-Cortés R, Gómez BB, Vázquez-Estévez S, Pérez-Fentes D, Núñez C. Blood-based protein biomarkers in bladder urothelial tumors. J Proteomics 2021; 247:104329. [PMID: 34298186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the fifth most common cancer with a high prevalence rate. It is classically classified in two groups, namely non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) and muscle invasive (MIBC). NMIBC accounts for 75% of cases and has a better prognosis than MIBC. However, 30-50% of the NMIBC patients will show recurrences throughout their lives, and about 10-20% of them will progress to MIBC, with frequent metastasis and a reduced survival rate. The diagnosis of bladder cancer is confirmed by direct visualization of the tumour and other mucosal abnormalities with endoscopic excision using cystoscopy and transurethral resection of the bladder (TURBT). An adequate TURBT requires complete resection of all visible tumour with appropriate sampling of the bladder to assess the depth of invasion. However, for many years, researchers have attempted to identify and utilise urinary markers for bladder cancer detection. Voided urine cytology has been the mainstay of urine-based diagnosis of bladder cancer since originally described by Papanicolau and Marshall. Nonetheless, urine cytology has several drawbacks, including a poor sensitivity for low-grade/stage tumours, a lack of interobserver consistency and a variable range of readings (e.g., atypical, atypical-suspicious, non-diagnostic). These shortcomings have inspired the search for more sensitive bladder cancer biomarkers. To bring precision medicine to genitourinary oncology, the analysis of the plasma/serum wide genome and proteome offers promising possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Cortés
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Benito Blanco Gómez
- Urology Division, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sergio Vázquez-Estévez
- Oncology Division, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Daniel Pérez-Fentes
- Urology Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti (HULA), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), ES27002 Lugo, Spain.
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20
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Zhang Z, Zhao S, Wang K, Shang M, Chen Z, Yang H, Chen Y, Chen B. Identification of biomarkers associated with cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: Evidence from an integrated bioinformatic analysis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2021; 78:117-126. [PMID: 33554894 DOI: 10.3233/ch-201074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Integrated analysis of accumulated data is an effective way to obtain reliable potential diagnostic molecular of cervical lymph node metastases (LNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). The benefits of prophylactic lymph node dissection (PLND) for these clinically node-negative (cN0) patients remained considerable controversies. Hence, elucidation of the mechanisms of LNM and exploration of potential biomarkers and prognostic indicators are essential for accurate diagnosis of LNM in PTC patients. Up to date, advanced microarray and bioinformatics analysis have advanced an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of disease occurrence and development, which are necessary to explore genetic changes and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers. In present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the differential expression, biological functions, and interactions of LNM-related genes. Two publicly available microarray datasets GSE60542 and GSE129562 were available from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes between clinically node-positive (cN1) and cN0 PTC samples were screened by an integrated analysis of multiple gene expression profile after gene reannotation and batch normalization. Our results identified 48 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) genetically associated with LNM in PTC patients. Gene ontology (GO) analyses revealed the changes in the modules were mostly enriched in the regulation of MHC class II receptor activity, the immune receptor activity, and the peptide antigen binding. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of DEGs displayed the intestinal immune network for IgA production, staphylococcus aureus infection, and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). To screen core genes related to LNM of PTC from the protein-protein interaction network, top 10 hub genes were identified with highest scores. Our results help us understand the exact mechanisms underlying the metastasis of cervical LNM in PTC tissues and pave an avenue for the progress of precise medicine for individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Keke Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Shang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheming Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haizhen Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoding Chen
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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21
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Xu C, Liu M. Integrative bioinformatics analysis of KPNA2 in six major human cancers. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:498-511. [PMID: 33821218 PMCID: PMC8010156 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant tumors were considered as the leading causes of cancer-related mortality globally. More and more studies found that dysregulated genes played an important role in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of KPNA2 in human six major cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and bladder cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. Methods The data were collected and comprehensively analyzed based on multiple databases. KPNA2 mRNA expression in six major cancers was investigated in Oncomine, the human protein atlas, and GEPIA databases. The mutation status of KPNA2 in the six major cancers was evaluated by online data analysis tool Catalog of Somatic Mutations in Cancer (COSMIC) and cBioPortal. Co-expressed genes with KPNA2 were identified by using LinkedOmics and made pairwise correlation by Cancer Regulome tools. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network relevant to KPNA2 was constructed by STRING database and KEGG pathway of the included proteins of the PPI network was explored and demonstrated by circus plot. Survival analysis-relevant KPNA2 of the six cancers was performed by GEPIA online data analysis tool based on TCGA database. Results Compared with paired normal tissue, KPNA2 mRNA was upregulated in all of the six types of cancers. KPNA2 mutations, especially missense substitution, were widely identified in six cancers and interact with different genes in different cancer types. Genes involved in PPI network were mainly enriched in p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle, viral carcinogenesis, and Foxo signaling pathway. KPNA2 protein was mainly expressed in nucleoplasm and cytosol in cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry assay indicated that KPNA2 protein was also positively expressed in nucleoplasm with brownish yellow staining. Overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) were different between KPNA2 high and low expression groups. Conclusions KPNA2 was widely dysregulated and mutated in carcinomas and correlated with the patients prognosis which may be potential target for cancer treatment and biomarker for prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, No. 15 Dazhong Road, Liandu District, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui People's Hospital, No. 15 Dazhong Road, Liandu District, Lishui 323000, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Zhang E, Huang X, He J. Integrated bioinformatic analysis of HNF1A in human cancers. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521997326. [PMID: 33752475 PMCID: PMC7995467 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521997326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cancer is a threat to human health, and many molecules are involved in the transformation of malignant cells. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1A (HNF1A) is an important transcription factor that regulates multiple biological processes. Our research focused on elucidating the expression and function of HNF1A in cancer through bioinformatic analysis. METHODS UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, COSMIC, Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource, and Cancer Regulome were used to obtain relevant data for HNF1A. RESULTS HNF1A was abnormally expressed in multiple cancers, and its expression was associated with differences in overall survival in patients with cancer. HNF1A mutations widely exist in tumors and interact with different genes involved in various processes. Additionally, we found that HNF1A was associated with the infiltration of immune cells, and it affected the prognostic value of these cells in some cancers. CONCLUSIONS HNF1A plays a crucial role in cancer, and it may represent a biomarker and target for future cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Jingsong He
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, China
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23
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Quirino MWL, Pereira MC, Deodato de Souza MDF, Pitta IDR, Da Silva Filho AF, Albuquerque MSDS, Albuquerque APDB, Martins MR, Pitta MGDR, Rêgo MJBDM. Immunopositivity for Siglec-15 in gastric cancer and its association with clinical and pathological parameters. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65. [PMID: 33666065 PMCID: PMC7967265 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin Siglec-15 is a promising target for cancer immunotherapy in several tumor types. The present study aimed to investigate Siglec-15 expression in gastric cancer (GC) patient tissues and to evaluate its clinical value. Siglec-15 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 71 patients. Siglec-15 staining was observed in tumor cells of 53 (74.64%) patients, with significant association with histologic classification and angiolymphatic invasion (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry analysis also detected Siglec-15 in tumor-associated stroma cells (macrophages/myeloid cells). There was no significant association with outcome parameters. Siglec-15 expression in well differentiated histological GC tissues and in the tumor microenvironment are potential targets to be further investigated as a novel prognostic factor for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Williams Leal Quirino
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Michelly Cristiny Pereira
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Maria de Fátima Deodato de Souza
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Ivan da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Antônio Felix Da Silva Filho
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Mario S de Souza Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Amanda Pinheiro de Barros Albuquerque
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | | | - Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
| | - Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo
- Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Novas Abordagens Terapêuticas - LINAT / Núcleo de Pesquisa em Inovação Terapêutica Suely Galdino - NUPIT SG, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife.
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24
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Fudaba H, Momii Y, Hirakawa T, Onishi K, Asou D, Matsushita W, Kawasaki Y, Sugita K, Fujiki M. Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-15 expression on peritumoral macrophages is a favorable prognostic factor for primary central nervous system lymphoma patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1206. [PMID: 33441719 PMCID: PMC7806611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin-15 (Siglec-15) is a new immune checkpoint molecule and its role of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) tumor microenvironment has been unclear. We explored the Siglec-15 and programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor tissues and analyzed the association between the expression of these molecules and overall survival in newly diagnosed PCNSL. A total of 60 patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in PCNSL were included in this study. The Siglec-15 and PD-L1 expression on tumor cells, intratumoral macrophages and peritumoral macrophages were immunohistochemically evaluated. The expression of Siglec-15 and PD-L1 was greater in macrophages than in tumor cells. Regarding peritumoral macrophages, the number of Siglec-15-positive samples (n = 24) was greater than the number of PD-L1-positive samples (n = 16). A multivariate Cox analysis showed that the Siglec-15 positivity of peritumoral macrophages and performance of high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy were independent predictors of overall survival (hazard ratio: 0.295 and 0.322, respectively). The Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed that patients with Siglec-15-positive peritumoral macrophages had longer overall survival than those with Siglec-15-negative peritumoral macrophages (median overall survival: 3018 days and 746 days, respectively; p = 0.0290). Our findings indicate that the expression of Siglec-15 on peritumoral macrophages induces a favorable outcome in PCNSL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Fudaba
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Yasutomo Momii
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Taisei Hirakawa
- School of Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kouhei Onishi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Daigo Asou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Wataru Matsushita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yukari Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Kenji Sugita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujiki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasamamachi, Yufu, 879-5593, Japan
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25
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Lu M, Wu S, Cheng G, Xu C, Chen Z. Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of iNOS/NOS2 in gastric and colorectal cancer. Pteridines 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/pteridines-2020-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present work was to investigate the expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (iNOS/ NOS2) in colorectal and gastric cancers and evaluate its association with patient’s prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis.
Methods The data for present study was obtained from the TCGA, GTEx, and STRING database. iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression in normal tissue and colorectal, and gastric cancer tissuea were investigated through the GTEx and TCGA database. iNOS/NOS2 gene mutations and frequency were analyzed in the TCGA database using the cBioPortal online data analysis tool. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of iNOS/NOS2 was constructed by STRING database. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway of iNOS/NOS2 and relevant proteins involved in the PPI network were enriched and demonstrated by the bubble plot. Comparison of the overall survival(OS) and disease free survival(DFS) between samples expressing high and low levels of iNOS/NOS2 was analysis based on the TCGA databases through the GEPIA online data analysis tool.
Results For colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) and rectal adenocarcinoma(READ) iNOS/NOS2 mRNA expression levels in tumor tissue were significant higher than those of corresponding normal colorectal tissue (p<0.05). iNOS/NOS2 mutations were identified in both colorectal cancer and gastric cancer. Missense substitutions and synonymous substitution were the top two mutation types for colorectal and gastric cancer. The top positive and negative co-expressed genes correlated with iNOS/ NOS2 were TRIM40 (rpearson=0.56, p<0.05) and GDPD5 (rpearson=-0.41, p<0.05) in colorectal cancer respectively andCASP5 (rpearson=0.63,p<0.05) and PIAS3 (rpearson=-0.43,p<0.05) in gastric cancer. Twenty one proteins were included in the PPI network with 51 nodes and 345 edges which indicated the PPI enrichment wassignificant (p=1.0e-16). The KEGG of the included genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathway and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. There was a significant difference indisease free survival (DFS) between samples expressing high and low iNOS/NOS2 (HR=0.37, p=0.044) in rectal cancer. The difference was not statistical between iNOS/NOS2 high and low expressing groups for overall survival(OS) or DFS in the colon cancer or gastric cancer(p>0.05).
Conclusions iNOS/NOS2 mRNA isup-regulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal tissue in colorectal and gastric cancer which implement it in the development of colorectal and gastric cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingbei Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery , Lishui People’s Hospital , Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Suping Wu
- Department of ICU , Lishui People’s Hospital , Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Guoxiong Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Lishui People’s Hospital , Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Chaobo Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Lishui People’s Hospital , Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province , China
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery , Lishui People’s Hospital , Lishui 323000, Zhejiang Province , China
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26
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Nie C, Wang B, Wang B, Lv N, Zhang E. Integrative Analysis of HNF1B mRNA in Human Cancers Based on Data Mining. Int J Med Sci 2020; 17:2895-2904. [PMID: 33173410 PMCID: PMC7646120 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.51213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence is rapidly growing, and cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide in the 21st century. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1B (HNF1B) is a transcription factor that involves the growth and development of multiple organs. The aim of this study was to explore the significance of HNF1B in human cancer by an integrative analysis of online databases. The UALCAN database, cBio cancer genomics portal, Cancer Regulome tools, Kaplan-Meier plotter and Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER) website were used to perform the corresponding analysis. The results showed that HNF1B is dysregulated in various cancers and associated with the differential overall survival of cancer patients. HNF1B showed many mutation forms and high mutation levels in different cancer types. In addition, we found that HNF1B interacted with different genes in multiple aspects. Moreover, HNF1B expression is associated with many immune cell infiltration levels and influences the prognostic prediction of immune cells in some kinds of cancers. In conclusion, HNF1B plays a significant role in cancer and may be a potential target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Nie
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Baoquan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatobiliary Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China.,Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Enfan Zhang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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