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Subramanian G, Kalidasan K, Quah S, Han QCG, Chan J, Wacker MG, Sampath P. Breaking barriers: Innovative approaches for skin delivery of RNA therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124435. [PMID: 38986965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
RNA therapeutics represent a rapidly expanding platform with game-changing prospects in personalized medicine. The disruptive potential of this technology will overhaul the standard of care with reference to both primary and specialty care. To date, RNA therapeutics have mostly been delivered parenterally via injection, but topical administration followed by intradermal or transdermal delivery represents an attractive method that is convenient to patients and minimally invasive. The skin barrier, particularly the lipid-rich stratum corneum, presents a significant hurdle to the uptake of large, charged oligonucleotide drugs. Therapeutic oligonucleotides need to be engineered for stability and specificity and formulated with state-of-the-art delivery strategies for efficient uptake. This review will cover various passive and active strategies deployed to enhance permeation through the stratum corneum and achieve effective delivery of RNA therapeutics to treat both local skin disorders and systemic diseases. Some strategies to achieve selectivity between local and systemic administration will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gowtham Subramanian
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Kamaladasan Kalidasan
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Shan Quah
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Qi Chou Gavin Han
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore (NUS), 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Justin Chan
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Matthias G Wacker
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore (NUS), 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore.
| | - Prabha Sampath
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove #06-06 Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), 11 Mandalay Road #17-01 Clinical Sciences Building, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 60 Biopolis Street, #02-01 Genome, Singapore 138672, Singapore; Program in Cancer & Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore.
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2
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Silvestrini AVP, Morais MF, Debiasi BW, Praça FG, Bentley MVLB. Nanotechnology strategies to address challenges in topical and cellular delivery of siRNAs in skin disease therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 207:115198. [PMID: 38341146 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is one of the most advanced therapies in current medicine. In particular, interference RNA-based therapy by small interfering RNA (siRNA) has gained attention in recent years as it is a highly versatile, selective and specific therapy. In dermatological conditions, topical delivery of siRNA offers numerous therapeutic advantages, mainly by inhibiting the expression of target transcripts directly in the skin. However, crossing the stratum corneum and overcoming intracellular barriers is an inherent challenge. Substantial efforts by scientists have moved towards the use of multimodal and multifunctional nanoparticles to overcome these barriers and achieve greater bioavailability in their site of action, the cytoplasm. In this review the most innovative strategies based on nanoparticle and physical methods are presented, as well as the design principles and the main factors that contribute to the performance of these systems. This review also highlights the synergistic contributions of medicine, nanotechnology, and molecular biology to advancing translational research into siRNA-based therapeutics for skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vitoria Pupo Silvestrini
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Finazzi Morais
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Bryan Wender Debiasi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Garcia Praça
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Vitória Lopes Badra Bentley
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Sinani G, Durgun ME, Cevher E, Özsoy Y. Polymeric-Micelle-Based Delivery Systems for Nucleic Acids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2021. [PMID: 37631235 PMCID: PMC10457940 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acids can modulate gene expression specifically. They are increasingly being utilized and show huge potential for the prevention or treatment of various diseases. However, the clinical translation of nucleic acids faces many challenges due to their rapid clearance after administration, low stability in physiological fluids and limited cellular uptake, which is associated with an inability to reach the intracellular target site and poor efficacy. For many years, tremendous efforts have been made to design appropriate delivery systems that enable the safe and effective delivery of nucleic acids at the target site to achieve high therapeutic outcomes. Among the different delivery platforms investigated, polymeric micelles have emerged as suitable delivery vehicles due to the versatility of their structures and the possibility to tailor their composition for overcoming extracellular and intracellular barriers, thus enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Many strategies, such as the addition of stimuli-sensitive groups or specific ligands, can be used to facilitate the delivery of various nucleic acids and improve targeting and accumulation at the site of action while protecting nucleic acids from degradation and promoting their cellular uptake. Furthermore, polymeric micelles can be used to deliver both chemotherapeutic drugs and nucleic acid therapeutics simultaneously to achieve synergistic combination treatment. This review focuses on the design approaches and current developments in polymeric micelles for the delivery of nucleic acids. The different preparation methods and characteristic features of polymeric micelles are covered. The current state of the art of polymeric micelles as carriers for nucleic acids is discussed while highlighting the delivery challenges of nucleic acids and how to overcome them and how to improve the safety and efficacy of nucleic acids after local or systemic administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genada Sinani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Altinbas University, 34147 Istanbul, Türkiye;
| | - Meltem Ezgi Durgun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126 Istanbul, Türkiye; (M.E.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Erdal Cevher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126 Istanbul, Türkiye; (M.E.D.); (E.C.)
| | - Yıldız Özsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34126 Istanbul, Türkiye; (M.E.D.); (E.C.)
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Yan Y, Zhu F, Su H, Liu X, Ren Q, Huang F, Ye W, Zhao M, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Shuai Q. Construction of Degradable and Amphiphilic Triblock Polymer Carriers for Effective Delivery of siRNA. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200232. [PMID: 36086889 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective and safe delivery carriers is one of the prerequisites for the clinical translation of siRNA-based therapeutics. In this study, a library of 144 functional triblock polymers using ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and thiol-ene click reaction is constructed. These triblock polymers are composed of hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), hydrophobic poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL), and cationic amine blocks. Three effective carriers are discovered by high-throughput screening of these polymers for siRNA delivery to HeLa-Luc cells. In vitro evaluation shows that siLuc-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) fabricated with leading polymer carriers exhibit sufficient knockdown of luciferase genes and relatively low cytotoxicity. The chemical structure of polymers significantly affects the physicochemical properties of the resulting siRNA-loaded NPs, which leads to different cellular uptake of NPs and endosomal escape of loaded siRNA and thus the overall in vitro siRNA delivery efficacy. After systemic administration to mice with xenograft tumors, siRNA NPs based on P2-4.5A8 are substantially accumulated at tumor sites, suggesting that PEO and PCL blocks are beneficial for improving blood circulation and biodistribution of siRNA NPs. This functional triblock polymer platform may have great potential in the development of siRNA-based therapies for the treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yan
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Fangtao Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Huahui Su
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qidi Ren
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Fangqian Huang
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Ye
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Mengdan Zhao
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University and Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, P. R. China
| | - Yunchun Zhao
- Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University and Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, P. R. China
| | - Junpeng Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510641, P. R. China
| | - Qi Shuai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, P. R. China
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5
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Surface Design Options in Polymer- and Lipid-Based siRNA Nanoparticles Using Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213929. [PMID: 36430411 PMCID: PMC9692731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of RNA interference (RNAi) could represent a breakthrough in the therapy of all diseases that arise from a gene defect or require the inhibition of a specific gene expression. In particular, small interfering RNA (siRNA) offers an attractive opportunity to achieve a new milestone in the therapy of human diseases. The limitations of siRNA, such as poor stability, inefficient cell uptake, and undesired immune activation, as well as the inability to specifically reach the target tissue in the body, can be overcome by further developments in the field of nanoparticulate drug delivery. Therefore, types of surface modified siRNA nanoparticles are presented and illustrate how a more efficient and safer distribution of siRNA at the target site is possible by modifying the surface properties of nanoparticles with antibodies. However, the development of such efficient and safe delivery strategies is currently still a major challenge. In consideration of that, this review article aims to demonstrate the function and targeted delivery of siRNA nanoparticles, focusing on the surface modification via antibodies, various lipid- and polymer-components, and the therapeutic effects of these delivery systems.
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Pereira PA, Serra MES, Serra AC, Coelho JFJ. Application of vinyl polymer-based materials as nucleic acids carriers in cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 14:e1820. [PMID: 35637638 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies have changed the paradigm of cancer treatment, where conventional treatment modalities still have several limitations in terms of efficacy and severe side effects. However, these biomolecules have a short half-life in vivo, requiring multiple administrations, resulting in severe suffering, discomfort, and poor patient compliance. In the early days of (nano)biotechnology, these problems caused concern in the medical community, but recently it has been recognized that these challenges can be overcome by developing innovative formulations. This review focuses on the use of vinyl polymer-based materials for the protection and delivery of nucleic acids in cancer. First, an overview of the properties of nucleic acids and their versatility as drugs is provided. Then, key information on the achievements to date, the most effective delivery methods, and the evaluation of functionalization approaches (stimulatory strategies) are critically discussed to highlight the importance of vinyl polymers in the new cancer treatment approaches. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Alexandra Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
- IPN, Instituto Pedro Nunes, Associação para a Inovação e Desenvolvimento em Ciência e Tecnologia, Rua Pedro Nunes, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Arménio C Serra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge F J Coelho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, CEMMPRE, University of Coimbra, Rua Sílvio Lima-Pólo II, Coimbra, Portugal
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Butt AM, Abdullah N, Rani NNIM, Ahmad N, Amin MCIM. Endosomal Escape of Bioactives Deployed via Nanocarriers: Insights Into the Design of Polymeric Micelles. Pharm Res 2022; 39:1047-1064. [PMID: 35619043 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03296-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic delivery of bioactives requires the use of strategies such as active transport, electroporation, or the use of nanocarriers such as polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, and dendrimers. It is essential to deliver bioactive molecules in the cytoplasm to achieve targeted effects by enabling organelle targeting. One of the biggest bottlenecks in the successful cytoplasmic delivery of bioactives through nanocarriers is their sequestration in the endosomes that leads to the degradation of drugs by progressing to lysosomes. In this review, we discussed mechanisms by which nanocarriers are endocytosed, the mechanisms of endosomal escape, and more importantly, the strategies that can be and have been employed for their escape from the endosomes are summarized. Like other nanocarriers, polymeric micelles can be designed for endosomal escape, however, a careful control is needed in their design to balance between the possible toxicity and endosomal escape efficiency. Keeping this in view, polyion complex micelles, and polymers that have the ability to escape the endosome, are fully discussed. Finally, we provided some perspectives for designing the polymeric micelles for efficient cytoplasmic delivery of bioactive agents through endosomal escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Masood Butt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Nabiha Abdullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, 30450, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia.,Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, 72388, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Targeted Cancer Therapy via pH-Functionalized Nanoparticles: A Scoping Review of Methods and Outcomes. Gels 2022; 8:gels8040232. [PMID: 35448133 PMCID: PMC9030880 DOI: 10.3390/gels8040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In recent years, several studies have described various and heterogenous methods to sensitize nanoparticles (NPs) to pH changes; therefore, in this current scoping review, we aimed to map current protocols for pH functionalization of NPs and analyze the outcomes of drug-loaded pH-functionalized NPs (pH-NPs) when delivered in vivo in tumoral tissue. (2) Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed database was performed for all published studies relating to in vivo models of anti-tumor drug delivery via pH-responsive NPs. Data on the type of NPs, the pH sensitization method, the in vivo model, the tumor cell line, the type and name of drug for targeted therapy, the type of in vivo imaging, and the method of delivery and outcomes were extracted in a separate database. (3) Results: One hundred and twenty eligible manuscripts were included. Interestingly, 45.8% of studies (n = 55) used polymers to construct nanoparticles, while others used other types, i.e., mesoporous silica (n = 15), metal (n = 8), lipids (n = 12), etc. The mean acidic pH value used in the current literature is 5.7. When exposed to in vitro acidic environment, without exception, pH-NPs released drugs inversely proportional to the pH value. pH-NPs showed an increase in tumor regression compared to controls, suggesting better targeted drug release. (4) Conclusions: pH-NPs were shown to improve drug delivery and enhance antitumoral effects in various experimental malignant cell lines.
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Guo S, Li K, Hu B, Li C, Zhang M, Hussain A, Wang X, Cheng Q, Yang F, Ge K, Zhang J, Chang J, Liang X, Weng Y, Huang Y. Membrane-destabilizing ionizable lipid empowered imaging-guided siRNA delivery and cancer treatment. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2021; 1:35-49. [PMID: 37366466 PMCID: PMC10291568 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
One of the imperative medical requirements for cancer treatment is how to establish an imaging-guided nanocarrier that combines therapeutic and imaging agents into one system. siRNA therapeutics have shown promising prospects in controlling life-threatening diseases. However, it is still challenging to develop siRNA formulations with excellent cellular entry capability, efficient endosomal escape, and simultaneous visualization. Herein, we fabricated multifunctional ionizable lipid nanoparticles (iLNPs) for targeted delivery of siRNA and MRI contrast agent. The iLNPs comprises DSPC, cholesterol, PEGylated lipid, contrast agent DTPA-BSA (Gd), and ionizable lipid termed iBL0104. siRNA-loaded iLNPs (iLNPs/siRNA) could be decorated with a tumor targeting cyclic peptide (c(GRGDSPKC)) (termed GARP), or without targeting modification (termed GAP). Data revealed that GARP/siRNA iLNPs exhibited significantly higher cellular entry efficiency than GAP/siRNA iLNPs. GARP/siRNA iLNPs rapidly and effectively escaped from endosome and lysosome after internalization. Compared with GAP/siPLK1, GARP/siPLK1 exhibited better tumor inhibition efficacy in both cell-line derived xenograft and liver cancer patient derived xenograft murine models. In addition, GARP formulation displayed ideal MRI effect in tumor-bearing mice, and was well tolerated by testing animals. Therefore, this study provides an excellent example for achieving imaging-guided and tumor-targeted siRNA delivery and cancer treatment, highlighting its promising potential for translational medicine application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Guo
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijingP. R. China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- Department of BiochemistrySimmons Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexasUSA
| | - Feng Yang
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, School of MedicineUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kun Ge
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of EducationHebei UniversityBaodingP. R. China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science and Technology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of EducationHebei UniversityBaodingP. R. China
| | - Jin Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Engineering Center of Micro Nano Biomaterials and Detection Treatment TechnologyCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin UniversityTianjinP. R. China
| | - Xing‐Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering MedicineBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijingP. R. China
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10
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Escaping the endosome: assessing cellular trafficking mechanisms of non-viral vehicles. J Control Release 2021; 335:465-480. [PMID: 34077782 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-viral vehicles hold therapeutic promise in advancing the delivery of a variety of cargos in vitro and in vivo, including small molecule drugs, biologics, and especially nucleic acids. However, their efficacy at the cellular level is limited by several delivery barriers, with endolysosomal degradation being most significant. The entrapment of vehicles and their cargo in the acidified endosome prevents access to the cytosol, nucleus, and other subcellular compartments. Understanding the factors that contribute to uptake and intracellular trafficking, especially endosomal entrapment and release, is key to overcoming delivery obstacles within cells. In this review, we summarize and compare experimental techniques for assessing the extent of endosomal escape of a variety of non-viral vehicles and describe proposed escape mechanisms for different classes of lipid-, polymer-, and peptide-based delivery agents. Based on this evaluation, we present forward-looking strategies utilizing information gained from mechanistic studies to inform the rational design of efficient delivery vehicles.
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Li C, Zhou J, Wu Y, Dong Y, Du L, Yang T, Wang Y, Guo S, Zhang M, Hussain A, Xiao H, Weng Y, Huang Y, Wang X, Liang Z, Cao H, Zhao Y, Liang XJ, Dong A, Huang Y. Core Role of Hydrophobic Core of Polymeric Nanomicelle in Endosomal Escape of siRNA. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3680-3689. [PMID: 33596656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient endosomal escape is the most essential but challenging issue for siRNA drug development. Herein, a series of quaternary ammonium-based amphiphilic triblock polymers harnessing an elaborately tailored pH-sensitive hydrophobic core were synthesized and screened. Upon incubating in an endosomal pH environment (pH 6.5-6.8), mPEG45-P(DPA50-co-DMAEMA56)-PT53 (PDDT, the optimized polymer) nanomicelles (PDDT-Ms) and PDDT-Ms/siRNA polyplexes rapidly disassembled, leading to promoted cytosolic release of internalized siRNA and enhanced silencing activity evident from comprehensive analysis of the colocalization and gene silencing using a lysosomotropic agent (chloroquine) and an endosomal trafficking inhibitor (bafilomycin A1). In addition, PDDT-Ms/siPLK1 dramatically repressed tumor growth in both HepG2-xenograft and highly malignant patient-derived xenograft models. PDDT-Ms-armed siPD-L1 efficiently blocked the interaction of PD-L1 and PD-1 and restored immunological surveillance in CT-26-xenograft murine model. PDDT-Ms/siRNA exhibited ideal safety profiles in these assays. This study provides guidelines for rational design and optimization of block polymers for efficient endosomal escape of internalized siRNA and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yidi Wu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanliang Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lili Du
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tongren Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongheng Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yong Huang
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zicai Liang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huiqing Cao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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12
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Li K, Zang X, Cheng M, Chen X. Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles based on poly acrylic derivatives for tumor therapy. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120506. [PMID: 33798689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Serve side effects caused by discriminate damage of chemotherapeutic drugs to normal cell and cancer cells remain a main obstacle in clinic. Hence, continuous efforts have been made to find ways to effectively enhance drug delivery and reduce side effects. Recent decades have witnessed impressive progresses in fighting against cancer, with improved understanding of tumor microenvironment and rapid development in nanoscale drug delivery system (DDS). Nanocarriers based on biocompatible materials provide possibilities to improve antitumor efficiency and minimize off-target effects. Among all kinds of biocompatible materials applied in DDS, polymeric acrylic derivatives such as poly(acrylamide), poly(acrylic acid), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) present inherent biocompatibility and stimuli-responsivity, and relatively easy to be functionalized. Furthermore, nanocarrier based on polymeric acrylic derivatives have demonstrated high drug encapsulation, improved uptake efficiency, prolonged circulation time and satisfactory therapeutic outcome in tumor. In this review, we aim to discuss recent progress in design and development of stimulus-responsive poly acrylic polymer based nanocarriers for tumor targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Xinlong Zang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
| | - Mingyang Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xuehong Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, PR China.
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13
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Subhan MA, Attia SA, Torchilin VP. Advances in siRNA delivery strategies for the treatment of MDR cancer. Life Sci 2021; 274:119337. [PMID: 33713664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) represents a promising therapeutic method that uses siRNA for cancer treatment. Although the RNAi technique has been increasingly used for clinical trials, systemic siRNA delivery into targeted cells is still challenging. The barriers impeding siRNA therapeutics delivery and impacting the treatment outcome must overcome with negligible systemic toxicity for a desirable and successful delivery of siRNA to MDR cancer cells. Nano delivery strategies have been investigated for nanocarrier functionalization, cancer immunotherapy and cancer targeting. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), dynamic polyconjugates (DPC™), GalNAc-siRNA conjugates, exosome and RBC systems have shown potential for efficient delivery of siRNA to cancer cells. Delivery of siRNA to tumor cells, immune cells to regulate T cell functions for immunotherapy are promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh.
| | - Sara Aly Attia
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Vladimir P Torchilin
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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14
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Miao J, Yang X, Shang X, Gao Z, Li Q, Hong Y, Wu J, Meng T, Yuan H, Hu F. Hepatocyte-targeting and microenvironmentally responsive glycolipid-like polymer micelles for gene therapy of hepatitis B. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 24:127-139. [PMID: 33738144 PMCID: PMC7943969 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B (HB) is a viral infectious disease that seriously endangers human health, and since there are no radical drugs to counter this, effective and safe therapies urgently need to be developed. HB virus (HBV) mainly infects hepatocytes (HCs), while the drugs are easily phagocytosed by Kupffer cells (KCs). In this study, the glutathione concentration difference between HCs and KCs was examined and utilized in an ideal drug-release strategy. Here, galactosylated chitosan-oligosaccharide-SS-octadecylamine (Gal-CSSO) was prepared to accurately deliver 10-23 DNAzyme DrzBC (blocking HBeAg expression) or DrzBS (blocking HBsAg expression) in targeted HB therapy. In vitro Gal-CSSO systems exhibited low cytotoxicity, endosomal escape, and glutathione responsiveness. The HBeAg and HBsAg secretion of HepG2.2.15 was significantly decreased by Gal-CSSO systems, and the maximum inhibition rates were 1.82-fold and 2.38-fold greater than those of commercial Lipofectamine 2000 (Lipo2000) systems. In vivo Gal-CSSO systems exhibited HC targeting and HC microenvironmental responsiveness without noticeable hepatotoxicity or systemic toxicity. The HBeAg and HBsAg titers of the HBV-infected mice were evidently decreased by Gal-CSSO systems, and the inhibition rates were 1.52-fold and 1.22-fold greater than those of Lipo2000 systems. This study presents a kind of glycolipid-like polymer micelles that promise efficient and safe gene therapy of HB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiqin Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xuwei Shang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Qian Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yun Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Corresponding author: Jiaying Wu, PhD, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Corresponding author: Fuqiang Hu, PhD, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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15
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Zhao S, Huang W, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ye Z, Zhang J, Deng L, Dong A. Screening and Matching Amphiphilic Cationic Polymers for Efficient Antibiosis. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5269-5281. [PMID: 33226784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The amphiphilic cationic polymers that mimic antimicrobial peptides have received increasing attention due to their excellent antibacterial activity. However, the relationship between the structure of cationic polymers and its antibacterial effect remains unclear. In our current work, a series of PEG blocked amphiphilic cationic polymers composed of hydrophobic alkyl-modified and quaternary ammonium salt (QAS) moieties have been prepared. The structure-antibacterial activity relationship of these cationic polymers was investigated against E. coli and S. aureus, including PEGylation, random structure, molecular weights, and the content and lengths of the hydrophobic alkyl side chains. The results indicated that PEGylated random amphiphilic cationic copolymer (mPB35/T57) showed stronger antibacterial activity and better biocompatibility than the random copolymer without PEG (PB33/T56). Furthermore, mPB35/T57 with appropriate mole fraction of alkyl side chains (falkyl = 0.38), degree of polymerization (DP = 92), and four-carbon hydrophobic alkyl moieties was found to have the optimal structure that revealed the best antibacterial activities against both E. coli (MIC = 8 μg/mL, selectivity > 250) and S. aureus (MIC = 4 μg/mL, selectivity > 500). More importantly, mPB35/T57 could effectively eradicate E. coli biofilms by killing the bacteria embedded in the biofilms. Therefore, the structure of mPB35/T57 provided valuable information for improving the antibacterial activity of cationic polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Zhao
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenjun Huang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - YuFeng Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhanpeng Ye
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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16
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Hu B, Zhong L, Weng Y, Peng L, Huang Y, Zhao Y, Liang XJ. Therapeutic siRNA: state of the art. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:101. [PMID: 32561705 PMCID: PMC7305320 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 634] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an ancient biological mechanism used to defend against external invasion. It theoretically can silence any disease-related genes in a sequence-specific manner, making small interfering RNA (siRNA) a promising therapeutic modality. After a two-decade journey from its discovery, two approvals of siRNA therapeutics, ONPATTRO® (patisiran) and GIVLAARI™ (givosiran), have been achieved by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. Reviewing the long-term pharmaceutical history of human beings, siRNA therapy currently has set up an extraordinary milestone, as it has already changed and will continue to change the treatment and management of human diseases. It can be administered quarterly, even twice-yearly, to achieve therapeutic effects, which is not the case for small molecules and antibodies. The drug development process was extremely hard, aiming to surmount complex obstacles, such as how to efficiently and safely deliver siRNAs to desired tissues and cells and how to enhance the performance of siRNAs with respect to their activity, stability, specificity and potential off-target effects. In this review, the evolution of siRNA chemical modifications and their biomedical performance are comprehensively reviewed. All clinically explored and commercialized siRNA delivery platforms, including the GalNAc (N-acetylgalactosamine)-siRNA conjugate, and their fundamental design principles are thoroughly discussed. The latest progress in siRNA therapeutic development is also summarized. This review provides a comprehensive view and roadmap for general readers working in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Zhong
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Peng
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanoscience de Marseille (CINaM), Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, 13288, Marseille, France
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, 100190, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Subhan MA, Torchilin VP. siRNA based drug design, quality, delivery and clinical translation. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 29:102239. [PMID: 32544449 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Gene silencing by RNA interference represents a promising therapeutic approach. The development of carriers, e.g., polymers, lipids, peptides, antibodies, aptamers, small molecules, exosome and red blood cells, is crucial for the systemic delivery of siRNA. Cell-specific targeting ligands in the nano-carriers can improve the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and selectivity of siRNA therapeutics. The safety, effectiveness, quality and prosperity of production and manufacturing are important considerations for selecting the appropriate siRNA carriers. Efficacy of systemic delivery of siRNA requires considerations of trafficking through the blood, off-target effects, innate immune response and endosomal escape avoiding lysosomal degradation for entering into RNAi process. Multifunctional nanocarriers with stimuli-responsive properties such as pH, magnetic and photo-sensitive segments can enhance the efficacy of siRNA delivery. The improved preclinical characterization of suitable siRNA drugs, good laboratory practice, that reduce the differences between in vitro and in vivo results may increase the success of siRNA drugs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdus Subhan
- Department of Chemistry, ShahJalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
| | - V P Torchilin
- CPBN, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Plastic Surgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
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18
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Han H, Kim D, Jang Y, Seo M, Kim K, Lee JB, Kim H. Focused ultrasound-triggered chemo-gene therapy with multifunctional nanocomplex for enhancing therapeutic efficacy. J Control Release 2020; 322:346-356. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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19
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Weng Y, Li C, Yang T, Hu B, Zhang M, Guo S, Xiao H, Liang XJ, Huang Y. The challenge and prospect of mRNA therapeutics landscape. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 40:107534. [PMID: 32088327 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based therapeutics hold the potential to cause a major revolution in the pharmaceutical industry because they can be used for precise and individualized therapy, and enable patients to produce therapeutic proteins in their own bodies without struggling with the comprehensive manufacturing issues associated with recombinant proteins. Compared with the current therapeutics, the production of mRNA is much cost-effective, faster and more flexible because it can be easily produced by in vitro transcription, and the process is independent of mRNA sequence. Moreover, mRNA vaccines allow people to develop personalized medications based on sequencing results and/or personalized conditions rapidly. Along with the great potential from bench to bedside, technical obstacles facing mRNA pharmaceuticals are also obvious. The stability, immunogenicity, translation efficiency, and delivery are all pivotal issues need to be addressed. In the recently published research results, these issues are gradually being overcome by state-of-the-art development technologies. In this review, we describe the structural properties and modification technologies of mRNA, summarize the latest advances in developing mRNA delivery systems, review the preclinical and clinical applications, and put forward our views on the prospect and challenges of developing mRNA into a new class of drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Tongren Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Institute of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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20
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Efficient nanocarriers of siRNA therapeutics for cancer treatment. Transl Res 2019; 214:62-91. [PMID: 31369717 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarriers as drug delivery systems are promising and becoming popular, especially for cancer treatment. In addition to improving the pharmacokinetics of poorly soluble hydrophobic drugs by solubilizing them in a hydrophobic core, nanocarriers allow cancer-specific combination drug deliveries by inherent passive targeting phenomena and adoption of active targeting strategies. Nanoparticle-drug formulations can enhance the safety, pharmacokinetic profiles, and bioavailability of locally or systemically administered drugs, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy. Gene silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) is rapidly developing as a personalized field of cancer treatment. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can be used to switch off specific cancer genes, in effect, "silence the gene, silence the cancer." siRNA can be used to silence specific genes that produce harmful or abnormal proteins. The activity of siRNA can be used to harness cellular machinery to destroy a corresponding sequence of mRNA that encodes a disease-causing protein. At present, the main barrier to implementing siRNA therapies in clinical practice is the lack of an effective delivery system that protects the siRNA from nuclease degradation, delivers to it to cancer cells, and releases it into the cytoplasm of targeted cancer cells, without creating adverse effects. This review provides an overview of various nanocarrier formulations in both research and clinical applications with a focus on combinations of siRNA and chemotherapeutic drug delivery systems for the treatment of multidrug resistant cancer. The use of various nanoparticles for siRNA-drug delivery, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, inorganic nanoparticles, exosomes, and red blood cells for targeted drug delivery in cancer is discussed.
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21
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Kim B, Park JH, Sailor MJ. Rekindling RNAi Therapy: Materials Design Requirements for In Vivo siRNA Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1903637. [PMID: 31566258 PMCID: PMC6891135 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201903637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the recent FDA approval of the first siRNA-derived therapeutic, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene therapy is undergoing a transition from research to the clinical space. The primary obstacle to realization of RNAi therapy has been the delivery of oligonucleotide payloads. Therefore, the main aims is to identify and describe key design features needed for nanoscale vehicles to achieve effective delivery of siRNA-mediated gene silencing agents in vivo. The problem is broken into three elements: 1) protection of siRNA from degradation and clearance; 2) selective homing to target cell types; and 3) cytoplasmic release of the siRNA payload by escaping or bypassing endocytic uptake. The in vitro and in vivo gene silencing efficiency values that have been reported in publications over the past decade are quantitatively summarized by material type (lipid, polymer, metal, mesoporous silica, and porous silicon), and the overall trends in research publication and in clinical translation are discussed to reflect on the direction of the RNAi therapeutics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungji Kim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ji-Ho Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J Sailor
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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22
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Kargaard A, Sluijter JPG, Klumperman B. Polymeric siRNA gene delivery - transfection efficiency versus cytotoxicity. J Control Release 2019; 316:263-291. [PMID: 31689462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Within the field of gene therapy, there is a considerable need for the development of non-viral vectors that are able to compete with the efficiency obtained by viral vectors, while maintaining a good toxicity profile and not inducing an immune response within the body. While there have been many reports of possible polymeric delivery systems, few of these systems have been successful in the clinical setting due to toxicity, systemic instability or gene regulation inefficiency, predominantly due to poor endosomal escape and cytoplasmic release. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of previously published polymeric non-coding RNA and, to a lesser degree, oligo-DNA delivery systems with emphasis on their positive and negative attributes, in order to provide insight in the numerous hurdles that still limit the success of gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kargaard
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa; University Medical Center Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Division of Heart and Lungs, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Klumperman
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
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23
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Garbuzenko OB, Kuzmov A, Taratula O, Pine SR, Minko T. Strategy to enhance lung cancer treatment by five essential elements: inhalation delivery, nanotechnology, tumor-receptor targeting, chemo- and gene therapy. Theranostics 2019; 9:8362-8376. [PMID: 31754402 PMCID: PMC6857061 DOI: 10.7150/thno.39816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC), is the most common type of lung cancer (more than 80% of all cases). Small molecule Tyrosine Kinase (TK) Inhibitors acting on the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFRs) are standard therapies for patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR-TK inhibitor-sensitizing mutations. However, fewer than 10 % of patients with NSCLC benefit from this therapy. Moreover, even the latest generation of EGFR inhibitors can cause severe systemic toxicities and are ineffective in preventing non-canonical EGFR signaling. In order to minimize and even overcome these limitations, we are proposing a novel multi-tier biotechnology treatment approach that includes: (1) suppression of all four types of EGFR-TKs by a pool of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs); (2) induction of cell death by an anticancer drug, (3) enhancing the efficiency of the treatment by the local inhalation delivery of therapeutic agents directly to the lungs (passive targeting), (4) active receptor-mediated targeting of the therapy specifically to cancer cells that in turn should minimize adverse side effects of treatment and (5) increasing the stability, solubility, and cellular penetration of siRNA and drug by using tumor targeted Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC). Methods: NLCs targeted to NSCLC cells by a synthetic Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone (LHRH) decapeptide was used for the simultaneous delivery of paclitaxel (TAX) and a pool of siRNAs targeted to the four major forms of EGFR-TKs. LHRH-NLC-siRNAs-TAX nanoparticles were synthesized, characterized and tested in vitro using human lung cancer cells with different sensitivities to gefitinib (inhibitor of EGFR) and in vivo on an orthotopic NSCLC mouse model. Results: Proposed nanoparticle-based complex containing an anticancer drug, inhibitors of different types of EGFR-TKs and peptide targeted to the tumor-specific receptors (LHRH-NLC-siRNAs-TAX) demonstrated a favorable organ distribution and superior anticancer effect when compared with treatment by a single drug, inhibitor of one EGFR-TK and non-targeted therapy. Conclusions: The use of a multifunctional NLC-based delivery system substantially enhanced the efficiency of therapy for NSCLC and possibly will limit adverse side effects of the treatments. The results obtained have the potential to significantly impact the field of drug delivery and to improve the efficiency of therapy of lung and other types of cancer.
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In vitro siRNA delivery via diethylenetriamine- and tetraethylenepentamine-modified carboxyl group-terminated Poly(amido)amine generation 4.5 dendrimers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110245. [PMID: 31753357 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has opened new avenues for designing personalized treatment options for various diseases. However, the therapeutic application of siRNAs has been confronted with many challenges because of short half-life in circulation, poor membrane penetration, difficulty in escaping from endosomes, and insufficient release into the cytosol. To overcome these challenges, we designed a diethylenetriamine (DETA)- and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer generation 4.5 (PDG4.5), and characterized it using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy followed by conjugation with siRNA. The PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA polyplexes exhibited spherical nanosize, ideal zeta potential, and effective siRNA binding ability, protected the siRNA from nuclease attack, and revealed less cytotoxicity of PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA in HeLa cells. More importantly, the polyplexes also revealed good cellular internalization and facilitated translocation of the siRNA into the cytosol. Thus, PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA can act as potential siRNA carriers in future medical and pharmaceutical applications.
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Du B, Zhang W, Tung CH. A Multiresponsive Nanohybrid to Enhance the Lysosomal Delivery of Oxygen and Photosensitizers. Chemistry 2019; 25:12801-12809. [PMID: 31381210 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer ablation method, but its efficiency is easily affected by several factors, such as the insufficient delivery of photosensitizers, low oxygen levels as well as long distance between singlet oxygen and intended organelles. A multifunctional nanohybrid, named MGAB, consisting of gelatin-coated manganese dioxide and albumin-coated gold nanoclusters, was designed to overcome these issues by improving chlorin e6 (Ce6) delivery and stimulating oxygen production in lysosomes. MGAB were quickly degraded in a high hydrogen peroxide, high protease activity, and low pH microenvironment, which is closely associated with tumor growth. The Ce6-loaded MGAB were picked up by tumor cells through endocytosis, degraded within the lysosomes, and released oxygen and photosensitizers. Upon near-infrared light irradiation, the close proximity of oxygen with photosensitizer within lysosomes enabled the production of cytotoxic singlet oxygen, resulting in more effective PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoji Du
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69 Street, Box 290, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69 Street, Box 290, New York, NY, 10021, USA.,Current address: Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, P. R. China
| | - Ching-Hsuan Tung
- Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging Innovations Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 East 69 Street, Box 290, New York, NY, 10021, USA
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Lin YL, Chen CH, Liu YK, Huang TH, Tsai NM, Tzou SC, Liao KW. Lipo-PEG-PEI complex as an intracellular transporter for protein therapeutics. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:1119-1130. [PMID: 30863049 PMCID: PMC6391157 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s188970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein or peptide drugs are emerging therapeutics for treating human diseases. However, current protein drugs are typically limited to acting on extracellular/cell membrane components associated with the diseases, while intracellular delivery of recombinant proteins replaces or replenishes faulty/missing proteins and remains inadequate. In this study, we developed a convenient and efficient intracellular protein delivery vehicle. Materials and methods A cationic liposomal polyethylenimine and polyethylene glycol complex (LPPC) was developed to noncovalently capture proteins for protein transfer into cells via endocytosis. β-glucuronidase (βG) was used in vitro and in vivo as a model enzyme to demonstrate the enzymatic activity of the intracellular transport of a protein. Results The endocytosed protein/LPPC complexes escaped from lysosomes, and the bound protein dissociated from LPPC in the cytosol. The enzymatic activity of βG was well preserved after intracellular delivery in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Using LPPC as an intracellular protein transporter for protein therapeutics, we illustrated that LPPC may be an effective and convenient tool for studying diseases and developing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ;
| | - Yen-Ku Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ;
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Nu-Man Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University.,Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shey-Cherng Tzou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ; .,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ;
| | - Kuang-Wen Liao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ; .,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC, ; .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC, .,Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC,
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Yorulmaz Avsar S, Kyropoulou M, Di Leone S, Schoenenberger CA, Meier WP, Palivan CG. Biomolecules Turn Self-Assembling Amphiphilic Block Co-polymer Platforms Into Biomimetic Interfaces. Front Chem 2019; 6:645. [PMID: 30671429 PMCID: PMC6331732 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes constitute an interface between cells and their surroundings and form distinct compartments within the cell. They also host a variety of biomolecules that carry out vital functions including selective transport, signal transduction and cell-cell communication. Due to the vast complexity and versatility of the different membranes, there is a critical need for simplified and specific model membrane platforms to explore the behaviors of individual biomolecules while preserving their intrinsic function. Information obtained from model membrane platforms should make invaluable contributions to current and emerging technologies in biotechnology, nanotechnology and medicine. Amphiphilic block co-polymers are ideal building blocks to create model membrane platforms with enhanced stability and robustness. They form various supramolecular assemblies, ranging from three-dimensional structures (e.g., micelles, nanoparticles, or vesicles) in aqueous solution to planar polymer membranes on solid supports (e.g., polymer cushioned/tethered membranes,) and membrane-like polymer brushes. Furthermore, polymer micelles and polymersomes can also be immobilized on solid supports to take advantage of a wide range of surface sensitive analytical tools. In this review article, we focus on self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymer platforms that are hosting biomolecules. We present different strategies for harnessing polymer platforms with biomolecules either by integrating proteins or peptides into assemblies or by attaching proteins or DNA to their surface. We will discuss how to obtain synthetic structures on solid supports and their characterization using different surface sensitive analytical tools. Finally, we highlight present and future perspectives of polymer micelles and polymersomes for biomedical applications and those of solid-supported polymer membranes for biosensing.
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Do HD, Couillaud BM, Doan BT, Corvis Y, Mignet N. Advances on non-invasive physically triggered nucleic acid delivery from nanocarriers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 138:3-17. [PMID: 30321618 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids (NAs) have been considered as promising therapeutic agents for various types of diseases. However, their clinical applications still face many limitations due to their charge, high molecular weight, instability in biological environment and low levels of transfection. To overcome these drawbacks, therapeutic NAs should be carried in a stable nanocarrier, which can be viral or non-viral vectors, and released at specific target site. Various controllable gene release strategies are currently being evaluated with interesting results. Endogenous stimuli-responsive systems, for example pH-, redox reaction-, enzymatic-triggered approaches have been widely studied based on the physiological differences between pathological and normal tissues. Meanwhile, exogenous triggered release strategies require the use of externally non-invasive physical triggering signals such as light, heat, magnetic field and ultrasound. Compared to internal triggered strategies, external triggered gene release is time and site specifically controllable through active management of outside stimuli. The signal induces changes in the stability of the delivery system or some specific reactions which lead to endosomal escape and/or gene release. In the present review, the mechanisms and examples of exogenous triggered gene release approaches are detailed. Challenges and perspectives of such gene delivery systems are also discussed.
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Chen W, Luan J, Wei G, Zhang X, Fan J, Zai W, Wang S, Wang Y, Liang Y, Nan Y, Yin C, Li Y, Liu ML, Ju D. In vivo hepatocellular expression of interleukin-22 using penetratin-based hybrid nanoparticles as potential anti-hepatitis therapeutics. Biomaterials 2018; 187:66-80. [PMID: 30296739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular injury is the pathological hallmark of hepatitis and a crucial driver for the progression of liver diseases, while the treatment options are commonly restricted. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) has attracted special attention as a potent survival factor for hepatocytes that both prevents and repairs the injury of hepatocytes through activation of STAT3 signaling pathway. We hypothesized that the ability to generate potent expression of IL-22 locally for the treatment of severe hepatocellular injury in hepatitis was a promising strategy to enhance efficacy and overcome off-target effects. Accordingly, we developed a polypeptide penetratin-based hybrid nanoparticle system (PDPIA) carrying IL-22 gene by a self-assembly process. This nanocomplex modified with penetratin featured direct translocation across the cellular or endosomal membrane but mild zeta-potential to facilitate the high cellular internalization and endosomal escape of the gene cargos as well as scarcely Kupffer cells uptake. More importantly, PDPIA afforded preferential liver accumulation and predominant hepatocytes internalization following systemic administration, which showed pharmacologically suitable organ and sub-organ-selective properties. Subsequent studies confirmed a considerable protective role of PDPIA in a model of severe hepatitis induced by concanavalin A, evidenced by reduced hepatocellular injury and evaded immune response. The locally expressed IL-22 by PDPIA activated STAT3/Erk signal transduction, and thus promoted hepatocyte regeneration, inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation as well as prevented the dysfunction of mitochondrial. In addition, this system did not manifest side effects or systemic toxicity in mice. Collectively, the high versatility of PDPIA rendered its promising applications might be an effective agent to treat various hepatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Jingyun Luan
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Gang Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutics & The Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xuyao Zhang
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Wenjing Zai
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Shaofei Wang
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Yichen Wang
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Yanxu Liang
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Yanyang Nan
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China
| | - Chuzhen Yin
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ming-Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dianwen Ju
- Department of Microbiological and Biochemical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University/Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, PR China.
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Du L, Wang C, Meng L, Cheng Q, Zhou J, Wang X, Zhao D, Zhang J, Deng L, Liang Z, Dong A, Cao H. The study of relationships between pKa value and siRNA delivery efficiency based on tri-block copolymers. Biomaterials 2018; 176:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wu W, Luo L, Wang Y, Wu Q, Dai HB, Li JS, Durkan C, Wang N, Wang GX. Endogenous pH-responsive nanoparticles with programmable size changes for targeted tumor therapy and imaging applications. Theranostics 2018; 8:3038-3058. [PMID: 29896301 PMCID: PMC5996358 DOI: 10.7150/thno.23459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based antitumor drug delivery systems, known as nanocarriers, have demonstrated their efficacy in recent years. Typically, the size of the nanocarriers is around 100 nm. It is imperative to achieve an optimum size of these nanocarriers which must be designed uniquely for each type of delivery process. For pH-responsive nanocarriers with programmable size, changes in pH (~6.5 for tumor tissue, ~5.5 for endosomes, and ~5.0 for lysosomes) may serve as an endogenous stimulus improving the safety and therapeutic efficacy of antitumor drugs. This review focuses on current advanced pH-responsive nanocarriers with programmable size changes for anticancer drug delivery. In particular, pH-responsive mechanisms for nanocarrier retention at tumor sites, size reduction for penetrating into tumor parenchyma, escaping from endo/lysosomes, and swelling or disassembly for drug release will be highlighted. Additional trends and challenges of employing these nanocarriers in future clinical applications are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Li Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Han-Bin Dai
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jian-Shu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Colm Durkan
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Nan Wang
- The Nanoscience Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Gui-Xue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
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Huang D, Zhao D, Wang X, Li C, Yang T, Du L, Wei Z, Cheng Q, Cao H, Liang Z, Huang Y, Li Z. Efficient delivery of nucleic acid molecules into skin by combined use of microneedle roller and flexible interdigitated electroporation array. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2361-2376. [PMID: 29721085 PMCID: PMC5928895 DOI: 10.7150/thno.23438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Delivery of nucleic acid molecules into skin remains a main obstacle for various types of gene therapy or vaccine applications. Here we propose a novel electroporation approach via combined use of a microneedle roller and a flexible interdigitated electroporation array (FIEA) for efficient delivery of DNA and siRNA into mouse skin. Methods: Using micromachining technology, closely spaced gold electrodes were made on a pliable parylene substrate to form a patch-like electroporation array, which enabled close surface contact between the skin and electrodes. Pre-penetration of the skin with a microneedle roller resulted in the formation of microchannels in the skin, which played a role as liquid electrodes in the skin and provided a uniform and deep electric field in the tissue when pulse stimulation was applied by FIEA. Results: Using this proposed method, gene (RFP) expression and siRNA transfection were successfully achieved in normal mice skin. Anti-SCD1 siRNA electroporated via this method mediated significant gene silencing in the skin. Moreover, electroporation assisted by the microneedle roller showed significant advantages over treatment with FIEA alone. This allowed nucleic acid transportation at low voltage, with ideal safety outcomes. Principal conclusions: Hence, the proposed electroporation approach in this study constitutes a novel way for delivering siRNA and DNA, and even other nucleic acid molecules, to mouse skin in vivo, potentially supporting clinical application in the treatment of skin diseases or intradermal/subcutaneous vaccination.
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