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Do C, Jiang G, Cova G, Katsifis CC, Narducci DN, Yang J, Sakellaropoulos T, Vidal R, Lhoumaud P, Tsirigos A, Regis FFD, Kakabadze N, Nora EP, Noyes M, Cheng X, Hansen AS, Skok JA. Brain and cancer associated binding domain mutations provide insight into CTCF's relationship with chromatin and its ability to act as a chromatin organizer. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.11.575070. [PMID: 38370764 PMCID: PMC10871189 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.11.575070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Although only a fraction of CTCF motifs are bound in any cell type, and approximately half of the occupied sites overlap cohesin, the mechanisms underlying cell-type specific attachment and ability to function as a chromatin organizer remain unknown. To investigate the relationship between CTCF and chromatin we applied a combination of imaging, structural and molecular approaches, using a series of brain and cancer associated CTCF mutations that act as CTCF perturbations. We demonstrate that binding and the functional impact of WT and mutant CTCF depend not only on the unique properties of each protein, but also on the genomic context of bound sites. Our studies also highlight the reciprocal relationship between CTCF and chromatin, demonstrating that the unique binding properties of WT and mutant proteins have a distinct impact on accessibility, TF binding, cohesin overlap, chromatin interactivity and gene expression programs, providing insight into their cancer and brain related effects. Graphical abstract
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Zhang L, Teng F, Xin H, Xu W, Wu W, Yao C, Wang Z. A Big Prospect for Hydrogel Nano-System in Glioma. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5605-5618. [PMID: 38882547 PMCID: PMC11179662 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s470315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients diagnosed with glioma typically face a limited life expectancy (around 15 months on average), a bleak prognosis, and a high likelihood of recurrence. As such, glioma is recognized as a significant form of malignancy. Presently, the treatment options for glioma include traditional approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Regrettably, the efficacy of these treatments has been less than optimal. Nevertheless, a promising development in glioma treatment lies in the use of hydrogel nano-systems as sophisticated delivery systems. These nano-systems have demonstrated exceptional therapeutic effects in the treatment of glioma by various responsive ways, including temperature-response, pH-response, liposome-response, ROS-response, light-response, and enzyme-response. This study seeks to provide a comprehensive summary of both the therapeutic application of hydrogel nano-systems in managing glioma and the underlying immune action mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Thoracic Cancer, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, College of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Teng
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Thoracic Cancer, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huajie Xin
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Thoracic Cancer, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Thoracic Cancer, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Biological Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenguo Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment and System Security and New Technology, College of Electrical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education (Chongqing University), Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
- Center of Thoracic Cancer, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People’s Republic of China
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Zhou LZ, Xiao HQ, Chen J. Mismatch repair gene MSH6 correlates with the prognosis, immune status and immune checkpoint inhibitors response of endometrial cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1302797. [PMID: 38390329 PMCID: PMC10881679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1302797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Many patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) developed primary or secondary drug resistance for unknown reasons. This study investigates whether mismatch repair (MMR) genes are responsible for this therapeutic restriction. Methods We obtained the transcriptional, clinical and single nucleotide polymorphism data for endometrial cancer (EC) from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the immunophenoscore data of EC from The Cancer Immunome Atlas, then analyzed in R to evaluate the relationship between MMR genes and clinicopathological features, prognosis, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint expression and responsiveness to ICIs in EC. We used differentially expressed genes in the MSH6 high and low expression groups to conduct GO and KEGG analyses to explore the impact of MSH6 on the biological functions of EC. Finally, we verified the bioinformatics results with in vitro experiments. Results Our analyses showed that compared with the high MSH6 expression group, the low MSH6 expression group had better survival outcomes and less aggressive clinicopathological features. In the multivariate Cox analysis, MSH6 was the only independent risk factor that could predict the prognosis of EC. Besides, the low MSH6 expression group also had a higher immune score, more active immune infiltration and higher immune checkpoint expression, resulting in better responsiveness to ICIs treatment, consistent with the enrichment of GO terms and KEGG pathways related to immune response in this group. Meanwhile, the GO and KEGG enrichment results of the MSH6 high expression group were associated with cell cycle, DNA damage repair and tumorigenesis. To exclude the influence of MSH6 mutations, we performed the previous analyses on the MSH6 wild-type tumor samples and obtained consistent results. In vitro experiments also confirmed that after knocking down MSH6 in endometrial cancer cells, their proliferation, migration and invasion abilities were weakened, while the expression levels of PD-L1 and PD-L2 were elevated. In comparison, overexpression of MSH6 showed an opposite trend. Conclusion Reduced MSH6 expression could serve as a potential biomarker for predicting better prognosis, active immune status, higher immune checkpoint expression level and better responsiveness to ICIs treatment in EC. MSH6 may become a potential target for treating solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhi Zhou
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Qi Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Hong S, Zhang J, Liu S, Jin Q, Li J, Xia A, Xu J. Protein profiles reveal MSH6/MSH2 as a potential biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:189-200. [PMID: 37776019 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Microvascular invasion (MVI) is an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the specific protein expression profiles that differentiate HCC with MVI from those without MVI remain unclear. METHODS The profiles of proteins in early-stage HCC tissues and normal liver tissues were characterized by quantitative proteomics techniques. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was undertaken on tissue microarrays from 80 HCC patients to assess the expression of MSH2 and MSH6. Cell counting, colony formation, migration, and invasion assays were carried out in vitro. RESULTS We identified 5164 proteins in both HCC tissues and adjacent normal liver tissues. Compared to HCC without MVI, 148 upregulated proteins and 97 downregulated proteins were found in HCC with MVI. Particularly noteworthy was the remarkable upregulation of MSH6/MSH2 among these dysregulated proteins in HCC with MVI. Further validation through bioinformatics prediction and IHC confirmed the elevated expression of MSH6/MSH2, which correlated with aggressive disease characteristics and poor prognosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses revealed a substantial area under the curve of 0.761 (specificity 71.79%, sensitivity 73.17%) for the combined use of MSH6/MSH2. Knockdown of MSH6/MSH2 significantly inhibited HCC cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes MSH6 or MSH2 as an oncogene that is prominently overexpressed during HCC progression, which provides new targets for HCC with MVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Hong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jialing Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Quan Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Jingqi Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
| | - Anliang Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - JianBo Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, China
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Chen Z, Ding C, Chen J, Zheng S, Li Q. Pan-cancer analysis revealing the multidimensional expression and prognostic and immunologic roles of TGFB1 in cancer. J Int Med Res 2024; 52:3000605231221361. [PMID: 38263929 PMCID: PMC10807329 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231221361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to perform an integrated pan-cancer analysis to characterize the expression patterns, prognostic value, genetic alterations, and immunologic roles of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) across diverse human cancer types. METHODS Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using multiple public databases including The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium, TIMER2, GEPIA2, cBioPortal, StringDB, and others. Differential expression, survival, immune correlation, and protein interaction network analyses were performed. RESULTS TGFB1 was overexpressed in several tumor types compared with that in normal tissues. High TGFB1 expression was associated with an advanced stage and poorer prognosis in certain cancers. TGFB1 mutations occurred in 1.3% of 10,967 cases surveyed. TGFB1 expression correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunotherapy-related genes. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive multi-omics analysis revealed the complex expression and prognostic landscape of TGFB1 across cancers. TGFB1 is emerging as a potential immunotherapeutic target in certain contexts. Further research should elucidate its multifaceted tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive mechanisms. Our pan-cancer analysis provides new insights into TGFB1 as a prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target in human cancers, and our findings may guide future preclinical and clinical investigations of TGFB1-directed therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiyong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
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Wang L, Yang S, Xue Y, Bo T, Xu J, Wang W. Mismatch Repair Protein Msh6 Tt Is Necessary for Nuclear Division and Gametogenesis in Tetrahymena thermophila. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17619. [PMID: 38139447 PMCID: PMC10743813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) improves replication accuracy by up to three orders of magnitude. The MutS protein in E. coli or its eukaryotic homolog, the MutSα (Msh2-Msh6) complex, recognizes base mismatches and initiates the mismatch repair mechanism. Msh6 is an essential protein for assembling the heterodimeric complex. However, the function of the Msh6 subunit remains elusive. Tetrahymena undergoes multiple DNA replication and nuclear division processes, including mitosis, amitosis, and meiosis. Here, we found that Msh6Tt localized in the macronucleus (MAC) and the micronucleus (MIC) during the vegetative growth stage and starvation. During the conjugation stage, Msh6Tt only localized in MICs and newly developing MACs. MSH6Tt knockout led to aberrant nuclear division during vegetative growth. The MSH6TtKO mutants were resistant to treatment with the DNA alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) compared to wild type cells. MSH6Tt knockout affected micronuclear meiosis and gametogenesis during the conjugation stage. Furthermore, Msh6Tt interacted with Msh2Tt and MMR-independent factors. Downregulation of MSH2Tt expression affected the stability of Msh6Tt. In addition, MSH6Tt knockout led to the upregulated expression of several MSH6Tt homologs at different developmental stages. Msh6Tt is involved in macronuclear amitosis, micronuclear mitosis, micronuclear meiosis, and gametogenesis in Tetrahymena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
| | - Sitong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
| | - Yuhuan Xue
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
| | - Tao Bo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; (L.W.); (S.Y.); (Y.X.); (T.B.)
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Biotechnology, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Yang YC, Zhu Y, Sun SJ, Zhao CJ, Bai Y, Wang J, Ma LT. ROS regulation in gliomas: implications for treatment strategies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1259797. [PMID: 38130720 PMCID: PMC10733468 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1259797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are one of the most common primary malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS), of which glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common and destructive type. The glioma tumour microenvironment (TME) has unique characteristics, such as hypoxia, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and tumour neovascularization. Therefore, the traditional treatment effect is limited. As cellular oxidative metabolites, ROS not only promote the occurrence and development of gliomas but also affect immune cells in the immune microenvironment. In contrast, either too high or too low ROS levels are detrimental to the survival of glioma cells, which indicates the threshold of ROS. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of ROS production and scavenging, the threshold of ROS, and the role of ROS in the glioma TME can provide new methods and strategies for glioma treatment. Current methods to increase ROS include photodynamic therapy (PDT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT), etc., and methods to eliminate ROS include the ingestion of antioxidants. Increasing/scavenging ROS is potentially applicable treatment, and further studies will help to provide more effective strategies for glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- College of Health, Dongguan Polytechnic, Dongguan, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si-Jia Sun
- Department of Postgraduate Work, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Can-Jun Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Radiation Protection Medicine, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Free Radical and Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Li-Tian Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (Fourth Military Medical University), Xi’an, China
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Chen Y, Mu Y, Guan Q, Li C, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zhou C, Guo Y, Ma Y, Zhao M, Ji G, Liu P, Sun D, Sun H, Wu N, Jin Y. RPL22L1, a novel candidate oncogene promotes temozolomide resistance by activating STAT3 in glioblastoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:757. [PMID: 37985768 PMCID: PMC10662465 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06156-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Aggressiveness and drug resistance are major challenges in the clinical treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). Our previously research reported a novel candidate oncogene ribosomal protein L22 like 1 (RPL22L1). The aim of this study was to elucidate the potential role and mechanism of RPL22L1 in progression and temozolomide (TMZ) resistance of GBM. Online database, tissue microarrays and clinical tissue specimens were used to evaluate the expression and clinical implication of RPL22L1 in GBM. We performed cell function assays, orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft tumor models to evaluate the effects and molecular mechanisms of RPL22L1 on GBM. RPL22L1 expression was significantly upregulated in GBM and associated with poorer prognosis. RPL22L1 overexpression enhanced GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, TMZ resistance and tumorigenicity, which could be reduced by RPL22L1 knockdown. Further, we found RPL22L1 promoted mesenchymal phenotype of GBM and the impact of these effects was closely related to EGFR/STAT3 pathway. Importantly, we observed that STAT3 specific inhibitor (Stattic) significantly inhibited the malignant functions of RPL22L1, especially on TMZ resistance. RPL22L1 overexpressed increased combination drug sensitive of Stattic and TMZ both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Stattic effectively restored the sensitive of RPL22L1 induced TMZ resistance in vitro and in vivo. Our study identified a novel candidate oncogene RPL22L1 which promoted the GBM malignancy through STAT3 pathway. And we highlighted that Stattic combined with TMZ therapy might be an effective treatment strategy in RPL22L1 high-expressed GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Chen
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
- College of Sports and Human Sciences, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, 150008, China
| | - Yu Mu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qing Guan
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yangong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yinzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chong Zhou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meiqi Zhao
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guohua Ji
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Donglin Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Haiming Sun
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- Key laboratory of preservation of human genetic resources and disease control in China (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Kumari S, Gupta R, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Multiple therapeutic approaches of glioblastoma multiforme: From terminal to therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188913. [PMID: 37182666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer showing poor prognosis. Currently, treatment methods of GBM are limited with adverse outcomes and low survival rate. Thus, advancements in the treatment of GBM are of utmost importance, which can be achieved in recent decades. However, despite aggressive initial treatment, most patients develop recurrent diseases, and the overall survival rate of patients is impossible to achieve. Currently, researchers across the globe target signaling events along with tumor microenvironment (TME) through different drug molecules to inhibit the progression of GBM, but clinically they failed to demonstrate much success. Herein, we discuss the therapeutic targets and signaling cascades along with the role of the organoids model in GBM research. Moreover, we systematically review the traditional and emerging therapeutic strategies in GBM. In addition, we discuss the implications of nanotechnologies, AI, and combinatorial approach to enhance GBM therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Kumari
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, India
| | - Rohan Gupta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, India
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, India.
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Iturrioz-Rodríguez N, Sampron N, Matheu A. Current advances in temozolomide encapsulation for the enhancement of glioblastoma treatment. Theranostics 2023; 13:2734-2756. [PMID: 37284445 PMCID: PMC10240814 DOI: 10.7150/thno.82005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and lethal brain tumor in adults. The incorporation of temozolomide (TMZ) into the standard treatment has increased the overall survival rate of glioblastoma patients. Since then, significant advances have been made in understanding the benefits and limitations of TMZ. Among the latter, the unspecific toxicity of TMZ, poor solubility, and hydrolyzation are intrinsic characteristics, whereas the presence of the blood-brain barrier and some tumor properties, such as molecular and cellular heterogeneity and therapy resistance, have limited the therapeutic effects of TMZ in treating glioblastoma. Several reports have revealed that different strategies for TMZ encapsulation in nanocarriers overcome those limitations and have shown that they increase TMZ stability, half-life, biodistribution, and efficacy, offering the promise for future nanomedicine therapies in handling glioblastoma. In this review, we analyze the different nanomaterials used for the encapsulation of TMZ to improve its stability, blood half-life and efficacy, paying special attention to polymer- and lipid-based nanosystems. To improve TMZ drug resistance, present in up to 50% of patients, we detail TMZ combined therapeutic with i) other chemotherapies, ii) inhibitors, iii) nucleic acids, iv) photosensitizers and other nanomaterials for photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and magnetic hyperthermia, v) immunotherapy, and vi) other less explored molecules. Moreover, we describe targeting strategies, such as passive targeting, active targeting to BBB endothelial cells, glioma cells, and glioma cancer stem cells, and local delivery, where TMZ has demonstrated an improved outcome. To finish our study, we include possible future research directions that could help decrease the time needed to move from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolas Sampron
- Cellular Oncology group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento (CIBERfes), Carlos III Institute, Madrid, Spain
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11
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Berg HF, Engerud H, Myrvold M, Lien HE, Hjelmeland ME, Halle MK, Woie K, Hoivik EA, Haldorsen IS, Vintermyr O, Trovik J, Krakstad C. Mismatch repair markers in preoperative and operative endometrial cancer samples; expression concordance and prognostic value. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:647-655. [PMID: 36482191 PMCID: PMC9938259 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The endometrial cancer mismatch repair (MMR) deficient subgroup is defined by loss of MSH6, MSH2, PMS2 or MLH1. We compare MMR status in paired preoperative and operative samples and investigate the prognostic impact of differential MMR protein expression levels. METHODS Tumour lesions from 1058 endometrial cancer patients were immunohistochemically stained for MSH6, MSH2, PMS2 and MLH1. MMR protein expression was evaluated as loss or intact to determine MMR status, or by staining index to evaluate the prognostic potential of differential expression. Gene expression data from a local (n = 235) and the TCGA (n = 524) endometrial cancer cohorts was used for validation. RESULTS We identified a substantial agreement in MMR status between paired curettage and hysterectomy samples. Individual high expression of all four MMR markers associated with non-endometrioid subtype, and high MSH6 or MSH2 strongly associated with several aggressive disease characteristics including high tumour grade and FIGO stage, and for MSH6, with lymph node metastasis. In multivariate Cox analysis, MSH6 remained an independent prognostic marker, also within the endometrioid low-grade subgroup (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION We demonstrate that in addition to determine MMR status, MMR protein expression levels, particularly MSH6, may add prognostic information in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hege F Berg
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hilde Engerud
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Madeleine Myrvold
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Hilde E Lien
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marta Espevold Hjelmeland
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari K Halle
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kathrine Woie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Erling A Hoivik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingfrid S Haldorsen
- Section of Radiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olav Vintermyr
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jone Trovik
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
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12
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Dong J, Wang F, Gao X, Zhao H, Zhang J, Wang N, Liu Z, Yan X, Jin J, Ba Y, Ma S, Du J, Ji H, Hu S. Integrated analysis of genome-wide DNA methylation and cancer-associated fibroblasts identified prognostic biomarkers and immune checkpoint blockade in lower grade gliomas. Front Oncol 2023; 12:977251. [PMID: 36727078 PMCID: PMC9885112 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are vital components of prominent cellular components in lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) that contribute to LGGs' progression, treatment resistance, and immunosuppression. Epigenetic modification and immunity have significant implications for tumorigenesis and development. Methods We combined aberrant methylation and CAFs abundances to build a prognostic model and the impact on the biological properties of LGGs. Grouping based on the median CAFs abundances score of samples in the TCGA-LGGs dataset, differentially expressed genes and aberrantly methylated genes were combined for subsequent analysis. Results We identified five differentially methylated and expressed genes (LAT32, SWAP70, GSAP, EMP3, and SLC2A10) and established a prognostic gene signature validated in the CGGA-LGGs dataset. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in vitro tests were performed to verify these expressions. The high-risk group increased in tumor-promoting immune cells and tumor mutational burden. Notably, risk stratification had different ICB sensitivities in LGGs, and there were also significant sensitivity differences for temozolomide and the other three novel chemotherapeutic agents. Conclusion Our study reveals characteristics of CAFs in LGGs, refines the direct link between epigenetics and tumor stroma, and might provide clinical implications for guiding tailored anti-CAFs therapy in combination with immunotherapy for LGGs patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Dong
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongtao Zhao
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiheng Zhang
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhihui Liu
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuwei Yan
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yixu Ba
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianyang Du
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hang Ji
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Shaoshan Hu, ; Hang Ji,
| | - Shaoshan Hu
- Cancer Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Shaoshan Hu, ; Hang Ji,
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13
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Mhaske A, Sharma S, Shukla R. Nanotheranostic: The futuristic therapy for copper mediated neurological sequelae. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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14
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Zhuang D, Zhang H, Hu G, Guo B. Recent development of contrast agents for magnetic resonance and multimodal imaging of glioblastoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:284. [PMID: 35710493 PMCID: PMC9204881 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01479-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) as the most common primary malignant brain tumor exhibits a high incidence and degree of malignancy as well as poor prognosis. Due to the existence of formidable blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the aggressive growth and infiltrating nature of GBM, timely diagnosis and treatment of GBM is still very challenging. Among different imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with merits including high soft tissue resolution, non-invasiveness and non-limited penetration depth has become the preferred tool for GBM diagnosis. Furthermore, multimodal imaging with combination of MRI and other imaging modalities would not only synergistically integrate the pros, but also overcome the certain limitation in each imaging modality, offering more accurate morphological and pathophysiological information of brain tumors. Since contrast agents contribute to amplify imaging signal output for unambiguous pin-pointing of tumors, tremendous efforts have been devoted to advances of contrast agents for MRI and multimodal imaging. Herein, we put special focus on summary of the most recent advances of not only MRI contrast agents including iron oxide-, manganese (Mn)-, gadolinium (Gd)-, 19F- and copper (Cu)-incorporated nanoplatforms for GBM imaging, but also dual-modal or triple-modal nanoprobes. Furthermore, potential obstacles and perspectives for future research and clinical translation of these contrast agents are discussed. We hope this review provides insights for scientists and students with interest in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danping Zhuang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Huifen Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Genwen Hu
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
| | - Bing Guo
- School of Science and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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15
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Wu Z, Dai L, Tang K, Ma Y, Song B, Zhang Y, Li J, Lui S, Gong Q, Wu M. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents for glioblastoma-targeting theranostics. Regen Biomater 2021; 8:rbab062. [PMID: 34868634 PMCID: PMC8634494 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant brain tumour, with a median survival of 3 months without treatment and 15 months with treatment. Early GBM diagnosis can significantly improve patient survival due to early treatment and management procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using contrast agents is the preferred method for the preoperative detection of GBM tumours. However, commercially available clinical contrast agents do not accurately distinguish between GBM, surrounding normal tissue and other cancer types due to their limited ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, their low relaxivity and their potential toxicity. New GBM-specific contrast agents are urgently needed to overcome the limitations of current contrast agents. Recent advances in nanotechnology have produced alternative GBM-targeting contrast agents. The surfaces of nanoparticles (NPs) can be modified with multimodal contrast imaging agents and ligands that can specifically enhance the accumulation of NPs at GBM sites. Using advanced imaging technology, multimodal NP-based contrast agents have been used to obtain accurate GBM diagnoses in addition to an increased amount of clinical diagnostic information. NPs can also serve as drug delivery systems for GBM treatments. This review focuses on the research progress for GBM-targeting MRI contrast agents as well as MRI-guided GBM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lixiong Dai
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ke Tang
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yiqi Ma
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bin Song
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jinxing Li
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Su Lui
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Wu
- Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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16
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Chen YD, Cai FY, Mao YZ, Yang YS, Xu K, Liu XF, Fan WW, Chen W, Jiang FQ, Zhang H. The anti-neoplastic activities of aloperine in HeLa cervical cancer cells are associated with inhibition of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3 feedback loop. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 19:815-824. [PMID: 34844720 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(21)60106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is recognized as the most common neoplasm in the female reproductive system worldwide. The lack of chemotherapeutic agents with outstanding effectiveness and safety severely compromises the anti-cipated prognosis of patients. Aloperine (ALO) is a natural quinolizidine alkaloid with marked anti-cancer effects on multiple malignancies as well as favorable activity in relieving inflammation, allergies and infection. However, its therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanism in CC are still unclear. In the current study, MTT assay was employed to evaluate the viability of HeLa cells exposed to ALO to preliminarily estimate the effectiveness of ALO in CC. Then, the effects of ALO on the proliferation and apoptosis of HeLa cells were further investigated by plate colony formation and flow cytometry, respectively, while the migration and invasion of ALO-treated HeLa cells were evaluated using Transwell assay. Moreover, nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with HeLa cells to demonstrate the anti-CC properties of ALO in vivo. The molecular mechanisms underlying these effects of ALO were evaluated by Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis. This study experimentally demonstrated that ALO inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells via G2 phase cell cycle arrest. Simultaneously, ALO promoted an increase in the percentage of apoptotic HeLa cells by increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Additionally, the migration and invasion of HeLa cells were attenuated by ALO treatment, which was considered to result from inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. For molecular mechanisms, the expression and activation of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3 feedback loop were markedly suppressed by ALO treatment. This study indicated that ALO markedly suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion and enhances the apoptosis of HeLa cells. In addition, these prominent anti-CC properties of ALO are associated with repression of the IL-6-JAK1-STAT3 feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Dong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Fang-Yu Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin 150088, China
| | - Yu-Ze Mao
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Kun Xu
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Liu
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wen-Wen Fan
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Feng-Qi Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Wang W, Zhao Z, Han S, Wu D. miR-637 Prevents Glioblastoma Progression by Interrupting ZEB2/WNT/β-catenin Cascades. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 42:2321-2335. [PMID: 34047878 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most frequent primary malignancies in the central nervous system. Aberrant activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathways is critical for GBM malignancy. However, the regulation of WNT/β-catenin signaling cascades remains unclear. Presently, we observed the increased expression of ZEB2 and the decreased expression of miR-637 in GBM. The expression of miR-637 was negatively correlated with ZEB2 expression. miR-637 overexpression overcame the ZEB2-enhanced cell proliferation and G1/S phase transition. Besides, miR-637 suppressed the canonical WNT/β-catenin pathways by targeting WNT7A directly. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments with U251 mice demonstrated that miR-637 inhibited cell proliferation and arrested the G1/S phase transition, leading to tumor growth suppression. The collective findings suggest that ZEB2 and WNT/β-catenin cascades merge at miR-637, and the ectopic expression of miR-637 disturbs ZEB2/WNT/β-catenin-mediated GBM growth. The findings provide new clues for improving β-catenin-targeted therapy against GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zilong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Tumor Biotherapy and Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang M, Zhang Q, Bai J, Zhao Z, Zhang J. Transcriptome analysis revealed CENPF associated with glioma prognosis. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2021; 18:2077-2096. [PMID: 33892537 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2021107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are common malignant tumors of the central nervous system. Despite the surgical resection and postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the prognosis of glioma remains poor. Therefore, it is important to reveal the molecular mechanisms that promotes glioma progression. Microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The GEO2R tool was used to identify 428 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and a core module from three microarray datasets. Heat maps were drawn based on DEGs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were performed using the DAVID database. The core module was significantly involved in several KEGG pathways, such as "cell cycle", "viral carcinogenesis", "progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation", "p53 signaling pathway". The protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and modules were built using the STRING database and the MCODE plugin, respectively, which were visualized using Cytoscape software. Identification of hub genes in the core module using the CytoHubba plugin. The top modular genes AURKA, CDC20, CDK1, CENPF, and TOP2A were associated with glioma development and prognosis. In the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, CDC20, CENPF and TOP2A have significant protein expression. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis showed that only CENPF had independent influencing factors in the CGGA database. GSEA analysis found that CENPF was significantly enriched in the cell cycle, P53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, DNA replication, spliceosome, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, focal adhesion, pathway in cancer, glioma, which was highly consistent with previous studies. Our study revealed a core module that was highly correlated with glioma development. The key gene CENPF and signaling pathways were identified through a series of bioinformatics analysis. CENPF was identified as a candidate biomarker molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moxuan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jilin Bai
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, China
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Ungefroren H. Autocrine TGF-β in Cancer: Review of the Literature and Caveats in Experimental Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:977. [PMID: 33478130 PMCID: PMC7835898 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autocrine signaling is defined as the production and secretion of an extracellular mediator by a cell followed by the binding of that mediator to receptors on the same cell to initiate signaling. Autocrine stimulation often operates in autocrine loops, a type of interaction, in which a cell produces a mediator, for which it has receptors, that upon activation promotes expression of the same mediator, allowing the cell to repeatedly autostimulate itself (positive feedback) or balance its expression via regulation of a second factor that provides negative feedback. Autocrine signaling loops with positive or negative feedback are an important feature in cancer, where they enable context-dependent cell signaling in the regulation of growth, survival, and cell motility. A growth factor that is intimately involved in tumor development and progression and often produced by the cancer cells in an autocrine manner is transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). This review surveys the many observations of autocrine TGF-β signaling in tumor biology, including data from cell culture and animal models as well as from patients. We also provide the reader with a critical discussion on the various experimental approaches employed to identify and prove the involvement of autocrine TGF-β in a given cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Ungefroren
- First Department of Medicine, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany;
- Clinic for General Surgery, Visceral, Thoracic, Transplantation and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany
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Hou Y, Sun B, Liu W, Yu B, Shi Q, Luo F, Bai Y, Feng H. Targeting of glioma stem-like cells with a parthenolide derivative ACT001 through inhibition of AEBP1/PI3K/AKT signaling. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:555-566. [PMID: 33391492 PMCID: PMC7738851 DOI: 10.7150/thno.49250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor in adults with a median survival of around 15 months. A potential treatment strategy involves targeting glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) that are able to initiate, maintain, and repopulate the tumor mass. Here, we identify ACT001, a parthenolide derivative, targeting GSCs through regulation of adipocyte enhancer binding protein 1 (AEBP1) signaling. Methods: The effects of ACT001 on cell survival of normal human astrocytes (NHA) and patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) were evaluated. RNA-Seq were performed to detect differentially expressed genes. ACT001 efficacy as a single agent or in combination with SHP-2 inhibitor SHP099 was assessed using a GSC orthotopic xenograft model. Results: GSCs exhibit high response to ACT001 in compared with normal human astrocytes. AEBP1 is a putative target of ACT001 by RNA-Seq analysis, which expression associates with prognosis of GBM patients. Knockdown of AEBP1 inhibits GSC proliferation and glioma sphere formation. Treatment with ACT001 or PI3K inhibitor or AEBP1 depletion would impair AKT phosphorylation and GSC proliferation, whereas constitutive AKT activation rescues ACT001 treatment or AEBP1 depletion-inhibited cell proliferation. Moreover, ACT001 blocks TGF-β-activated AEBP1/AKT signaling in GSCs. ACT001 exhibits antitumor activity either as a single agent or in combination with SHP099, which provides significant survival benefits for GSC tumor xenograft-bearing animals. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate AEBP1 as a new druggable target in GBM and ACT001 as a potential therapeutic option for improving the clinical treatment of GBM in combination with SHP099.
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Mu H, Pang H, Zheng C, Wang K, Hu N, Zhang B. Photothermal treatment of oropharyngeal cancer with carbon-defective silicon carbide. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5284-5292. [PMID: 34137419 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00876e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous carcinoma (OSCC) is a clinical common tumor with high recurrence rate and low 5 year survival rate. In this work, photothermal antitumor treatment has been performed to treat OSCC by taking anti-wound infection into consideration. By introducing C defects, we have successfully converted the semi-conductive SiC into metallic carbon-defective silicon carbide (SiC1-x), and endowed it with the near infrared absorption property for photothermal therapy (PTT). The results revealed that SiC1-x mediated PTT treatment could remove solid OSCC tumor in a biosafe way, showing low hematotoxicity, cytotoxicity and tissue toxicity. Moreover, the low invasion of PTT treatment could not only prevent the invasion of bacteria, but also realize an antibacterial effect on the wound, both of which are important for oral surgery. SiC1-x could be excreted from the body post treatment, which thus reduces the long-term potential toxicity. On the whole, this study provided a promising way to treat OSCC in an effective and safe way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Mu
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Haiyang Pang
- Oral Implant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Ce Zheng
- Medical Affairs Department, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Kaixin Wang
- Shanghai Chaowei Nanotechnology Co. Ltd., No. 487, Edward, Road, Jiading District, Shanghai, China
| | - Narisu Hu
- Oral Implant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Hard Tissue Development and Regeneration, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China. and Oral Implant Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China.
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22
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Chiavarina B, Costanza B, Ronca R, Blomme A, Rezzola S, Chiodelli P, Giguelay A, Belthier G, Doumont G, Van Simaeys G, Lacroix S, Yokobori T, Erkhem-Ochir B, Balaguer P, Cavailles V, Fabbrizio E, Di Valentin E, Gofflot S, Detry O, Jerusalem G, Goldman S, Delvenne P, Bellahcène A, Pannequin J, Castronovo V, Turtoi A. Metastatic colorectal cancer cells maintain the TGFβ program and use TGFBI to fuel angiogenesis. Theranostics 2021; 11:1626-1640. [PMID: 33408771 PMCID: PMC7778592 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) cells are traditionally considered unresponsive to TGFβ due to mutations in the receptors and/or downstream signaling molecules. TGFβ influences CRC cells only indirectly via stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts. However, CRC cell ability to directly respond to TGFβ currently remains unexplored. This represents a missed opportunity for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Methods: We examined whether cancer cells from primary CRC and liver metastases respond to TGFβ by inducing TGFβ-induced protein ig-h3 (TGFBI) expression, and the contribution of canonical and non-canonical TGFβ signaling pathways to this effect. We then investigated in vitro and in vivo TGFBI impact on metastasis formation and angiogenesis. Using patient serum samples and an orthotopic mouse model of CRC liver metastases we assessed the diagnostic/tumor targeting value of novel antibodies against TGFBI. Results: Metastatic CRC cells, such as circulating tumor cells, directly respond to TGFβ. These cells were characterized by the absence of TGFβ receptor mutations and the frequent presence of p53 mutations. The pro-tumorigenic program orchestrated by TGFβ in CRC cells was mediated through TGFBI, the expression of which was positively regulated by non-canonical TGFβ signaling cascades. TGFBI inhibition was sufficient to significantly reduce liver metastasis formation in vivo. Moreover, TGFBI pro-tumorigenic function was linked to its ability to stimulate angiogenesis. TGFBI levels were higher in serum samples from untreated patients with CRC than in patients who were receiving chemotherapy. A radiolabeled anti-TGFBI antibody selectively targeted metastatic lesions in vivo, underscoring its diagnostic and therapeutic potential. Conclusions: TGFβ signaling in CRC cells directly contributes to their metastatic potential and stromal cell-independence. Proteins downstream of activated TGFβ, such as TGFBI, represent novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for more specific anti-metastatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Chiavarina
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Treatment Laboratory, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Brunella Costanza
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Roberto Ronca
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnaud Blomme
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Sara Rezzola
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Chiodelli
- University of Brescia, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ambre Giguelay
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Treatment Laboratory, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Cancer Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Team, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillame Belthier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Doumont
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
| | - Gaetan Van Simaeys
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine department, ULB Hôpital Érasme, route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Lacroix
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine department, ULB Hôpital Érasme, route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Takehiko Yokobori
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, International Open Laboratory, Universities of Liege and Montpellier Laboratory, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, International Open Laboratory, Universities of Liege and Montpellier Laboratory, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Hormone Signaling and Cancer Laboratory, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Cavailles
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Hormone Signaling and Cancer Laboratory, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Fabbrizio
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Oncogenic Pathways in Cancer Laboratory, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Olivier Detry
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Guy Jerusalem
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Serge Goldman
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), rue Adrienne Bolland 8, B-6041 Charleroi (Gosselies), Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine department, ULB Hôpital Érasme, route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Akeila Bellahcène
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Julie Pannequin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Castronovo
- Metastasis Research Laboratory, GIGA Cancer, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Andrei Turtoi
- Cancer Research Institute of Montpellier, Tumor Microenvironment and Resistance to Treatment Laboratory, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
- Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research, International Open Laboratory, Universities of Liege and Montpellier Laboratory, Gunma University, Gunma, Japan
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Wang X, Qiu W, Liu H, Li T, Ye H, Li Y, Xu X, Chen P. The prognostic value of combining CD133 and mismatch repair proteins in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:54-63. [PMID: 32969057 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The prognostic value of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is a hot topic in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) research. CD133 has been identified as an important colorectal CSC marker, but its prognostic significance remains controversial. Recently, studies have reported a possible functional link between CSCs and DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system. However, the relationship between CRC stemness and MMR proteins remains little explored, and whether the predictive role of CD133 is affected by MMR proteins is still unknown. The aim of our study is to investigate the influence of MMR proteins on the predictive significance of CD133 in terms of CRC patient survival and to further analyze the correlation between MMR proteins and cancer stemness. In our study, we didn't observe the prognostic value of CD133 in CRC patients. However, we demonstrated that in patients with low expression of MSH6, MSH2, PMS2 and MLH1, especially MSH6, CD133 was an effective prognostic biomarker. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between MSH6 and CD133 expression. In vitro studies supported our clinical data and showed that the expression of cancer-associated stemness markers CD133, BMI-1, OCT-4 and SOX-2 was significantly decreased in siRNA-MSH6/MLH1 CRC cells. Thus, our results demonstrated that MMR proteins might play an important role in modulating the stemness of CRC cells. MMR proteins might be a crucial determinant that can help to accurately identify tumour subclones that may benefit from using the CSC marker CD133 as a prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, China
| | - Haoyu Liu
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tian Li
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yateng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Department of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Daping Hospital and Research Institute of Surgery, Chongqing, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Chen J, Ding ZY, Li S, Liu S, Xiao C, Li Z, Zhang BX, Chen XP, Yang X. Targeting transforming growth factor-β signaling for enhanced cancer chemotherapy. Theranostics 2021; 11:1345-1363. [PMID: 33391538 PMCID: PMC7738904 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the past decades, drugs targeting transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling have received tremendous attention for late-stage cancer treatment since TGFβ signaling has been recognized as a prime driver for tumor progression and metastasis. Nonetheless, in healthy and pre-malignant tissues, TGFβ functions as a potent tumor suppressor. Furthermore, TGFβ signaling plays a key role in normal development and homeostasis by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and immune evasion, and by suppressing tumor-associated inflammation. Therefore, targeting TGFβ signaling for cancer therapy is challenging. Recently, we and others showed that blocking TGFβ signaling increased chemotherapy efficacy, particularly for nanomedicines. In this review, we briefly introduce the TGFβ signaling pathway, and the multifaceted functions of TGFβ signaling in cancer, including regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the behavior of cancer cells. We also summarize TGFβ targeting agents. Then, we highlight TGFβ inhibition strategies to restore the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulate the tumor vasculature, reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and impair the stemness of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) to enhance cancer chemotherapy efficacy. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities in targeting TGFβ signaling for cancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitang Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ze-yang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Si Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zifu Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bi-xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, and Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepatic-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, National Medical Center for Major Public Health Events, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
- GBA Research Innovation Institute for Nanotechnology, Guangdong, 510530, China
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25
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Shi Y, Jiang J, Cui Y, Chen Y, Dong T, An H, Liu P. MSH6 Aggravates the Hypoxic Microenvironment via Regulating HIF1A to Promote the Metastasis of Glioblastoma Multiforme. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 40:93-100. [PMID: 33181035 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by diffuse infiltration of the brain, active regional recurrence, low cure proportion, and limited chemotherapy efficiency. MutS homolog 6 (MSH6) is a component of the mismatch repair system related to the oncogenesis, tumor evolution, and recurrence of GBM. The impact of MSH6 upregulation on the tumor microenvironment (TME) of GBM and the feasibility of MSH6 as a potential target to improve the prognosis remain unknown. The expression of MSH6 at mRNA level indicated that MSH6 expressed higher in GBM tissues than that in normal ones. The transwell assay and expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) suggested that the capability of invasion and migration in U251-MSH6 was more stubborn. The intracranial tumor model was established with nude mice to further explore in vivo. The time-weight curve, overall survival, tumor volumes, expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in tissue, and hematoxylin and eosin staining all indicated that MSH6 had a positive effect on metastasis. The expression levels of related proteins suggested that the hypoxia TME induced by MSH6 may promote metastasis via epithelial to mesenchymal transition, stemness, and angiogenesis progress. MSH6 is an overexpressed oncogene in human GBM tissues, which accelerated metastasis by regulating hypoxia inducible factor-1A (HIF1A) to form a hypoxic TME in GBM. The MSH6 was a vital marker of GBM, making it a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yingzhe Cui
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Tianxiu Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongda An
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Preparation, Biosafety, and Cytotoxicity Studies of a Newly Tumor-Microenvironment-Responsive Biodegradable Mesoporous Silica Nanosystem Based on Multimodal and Synergistic Treatment. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7152173. [PMID: 33488930 PMCID: PMC7803173 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7152173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) often suffer relapse, and clinical improvements offered by radiotherapy and chemotherapy are modest. Although targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been a topic of significant research in recent years, scientific developments have not yet translated to significant improvements for patients with TNBC. In view of these current clinical treatment shortcomings, we designed a silica nanosystem (SNS) with Nano-Ag as the core and a complex of MnO2 and doxorubicin (Dox) as the surrounding mesoporous silica shell. This system was coated with anti-PD-L1 to target the PD-L1 receptor, which is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells. MnO2 itself has been shown to act as chemodynamic therapy (CDT), and Dox is cytotoxic. Thus, the full SNS system presents a multimodal, potentially synergistic strategy for the treatment of TNBC. Given potential interest in the clinical translation of SNS, the biological safety and antitumor activity of SNS were evaluated in a series of studies that included physicochemical characterization, particle stability, blood compatibility, and cytotoxicity. We found that the particle size and zeta potential of SNS were 94.6 nm and -22.1 mV, respectively. Ultraviolet spectrum analysis showed that Nano-Ag, Dox, and MnO2 were successfully loaded into SNS, and the drug loading ratio of Dox was about 10.2%. Stability studies found that the particle size of SNS did not change in different solutions. Hemolysis tests showed that SNS, at levels far exceeding the anticipated physiologic concentrations, did not induce red blood cell lysis. Further in vitro and in vivo experiments found that SNS did not activate platelets or cause coagulopathy and had no significant effects on the total number of blood cells or hepatorenal function. Cytotoxicity experiments suggested that SNS significantly inhibited the growth of tumor cells by damaging cell membranes, increasing intracellular ROS levels, inhibiting the release of TGF-β1 cytokines by macrophages, and inhibiting intracellular protein synthesis. In general, SNS appeared to have favorable biosafety and antitumor effects and may represent an attractive new therapeutic approach for the treatment of TNBC.
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Chen Y, Niu J, Li L, Li Z, Jiang J, Zhu M, Dong T, Zhang J, Shi C, Xu P, Lu Y, Jiang Y, Liu P, Chen W. Polydatin executes anticancer effects against glioblastoma multiforme by inhibiting the EGFR-AKT/ERK1/2/STAT3-SOX2/Snail signaling pathway. Life Sci 2020; 258:118158. [PMID: 32750435 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is characterized by aggressive infiltration and terrible lethality. The overwhelming majority of chemotherapeutic drugs fail to exhibit the desired treatment effects. Polydatin (PD), which was initially extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum, is distinguished for its outstanding cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, and renal protective effects, as well as significant anticancer activities. However, the anti-GBM effect of PD is unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell proliferation and apoptosis after PD intervention were estimated using MTT, colony formation and flow cytometry assays in vitro, while wound-healing and Transwell assays were applied to assess cell migration and invasion. In addition, the anti-GBM effects of PD in vivo were detected in the subcutaneous tumor model of nude mice. Moreover, Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining assays were employed to elaborate the relevant molecular mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS The present study demonstrated that PD repressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness and promoted apoptosis in GBM cells. Moreover, by correlating the molecular characteristics of cancer cells with different sensitivities to PD and employing diverse analytical methods, we ultimately verified that the cytotoxicity of PD was related to EGFR-AKT/ERK1/2/STAT3-SOX2/Snail signaling pathway inhibition, in which multiple components were vital therapeutic targets of GBM. SIGNIFICANCE This work demonstrated that PD could inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion and stemness and induce apoptosis by restraining multiple components of the EGFR-AKT/ERK1/2/STAT3-SOX2/Snail signaling pathway in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiamei Niu
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Zizhuo Li
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Tianxiu Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jiuwei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunying Shi
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yu Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Wu Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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28
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Yao Q, Lan QH, Jiang X, Du CC, Zhai YY, Shen X, Xu HL, Xiao J, Kou L, Zhao YZ. Bioinspired biliverdin/silk fibroin hydrogel for antiglioma photothermal therapy and wound healing. Theranostics 2020; 10:11719-11736. [PMID: 33052243 PMCID: PMC7545989 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Photothermal therapy employs the photoabsorbers to generate heat under the near-infrared (NIR) irradiation for thermal tumor ablation. However, NIR irradiation might damage the adjacent tissue due to the leakage of the photoabsorbers and the residual materials after treatment might hinder the local healing process. A bifunctional hydrogel that holds both photothermal property and potent pro-healing ability provides a viable option to resolve this issue. Methods: In this study, we developed a bioinspired green hydrogel (BVSF) with the integration of bioproduct biliverdin into natural derived silk fibroin matrix for antiglioma photothermal therapy and wound healing. Results: The BVSF hydrogel possessed excellent and controllable photothermal activity under NIR irradiation and resulted in effective tumor ablation both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, the BVSF hydrogel exerted anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo, and stimulated angiogenesis and wound healing in a full-thickness defect rat model. Conclusion: Overall, this proof-of-concept study was aimed to determine the feasibility and reliability of using an all-natural green formulation for photothermal therapy and post-treatment care.
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29
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Jiang F, Chen Y, Ren S, Li Z, Sun K, Xing Y, Zhu Y, Piao D. Cyclovirobuxine D inhibits colorectal cancer tumorigenesis via the CTHRC1‑AKT/ERK‑Snail signaling pathway. Int J Oncol 2020; 57:183-196. [PMID: 32319595 PMCID: PMC7252468 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.5038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) is an alkaloid, which is mainly derived from Buxus microphylla. It has been reported that CVB-D has positive effects on breast cancer, gastric cancer and other malignant tumors. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports regarding the effects of CVB-D on colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of the present study was to determine the anticancer effects of CVB-D and further elucidate its molecular mechanism(s). DLD-1 and LoVo cell lines were selected to evaluate the antitumor effect of CVB-D. Cytotoxicity, viability and proliferation were evaluated by the MTT and colony formation assays. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects on apoptosis and the cell cycle in CVB-D-treated CRC cells. The migration and invasion abilities of CRC cells were examined by wound healing and Transwell assays. In addition, RNA sequencing, bioinformatics analysis and western blotting were performed to investigate the target of drug action and clarify the molecular mechanisms. A xenograft model was established using nude mice, and ultrasound was employed to assess the preclinical therapeutic effects of CVB-D in vivo. It was identified that CVB-D inhibited the proliferation, migration, stemness, angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of CRC cells, and induced apoptosis and S-phase arrest. In addition, CVB-D significantly inhibited the growth of xenografts. It is notable that CVB-D exerted anticancer effects in CRC cells partly by targeting collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 (CTHRC1), which may be upstream of the AKT and ERK pathways. CVB-D exerted anticancer effects through the CTHRC1-AKT/ERK-Snail signaling pathway. Targeted therapy combining CTHRC1 with CVB-D may offer a promising novel therapeutic approach for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqi Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Ren
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Zizhuo Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Kan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Daxun Piao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Kernel Differential Subgraph Analysis to Reveal the Key Period Affecting Glioblastoma. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020318. [PMID: 32079293 PMCID: PMC7072688 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a fast-growing type of malignant primary brain tumor. To explore the mechanisms in GBM, complex biological networks are used to reveal crucial changes among different biological states, which reflect on the development of living organisms. It is critical to discover the kernel differential subgraph (KDS) that leads to drastic changes. However, identifying the KDS is similar to the Steiner Tree problem that is an NP-hard problem. In this paper, we developed a criterion to explore the KDS (CKDS), which considered the connectivity and scale of KDS, the topological difference of nodes and function relevance between genes in the KDS. The CKDS algorithm was applied to simulated datasets and three single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets including GBM, fetal human cortical neurons (FHCN) and neural differentiation. Then we performed the network topology and functional enrichment analyses on the extracted KDSs. Compared with the state-of-art methods, the CKDS algorithm outperformed on simulated datasets to discover the KDSs. In the GBM and FHCN, seventeen genes (one biomarker, nine regulatory genes, one driver genes, six therapeutic targets) and KEGG pathways in KDSs were strongly supported by literature mining that they were highly interrelated with GBM. Moreover, focused on GBM, there were fifteen genes (including ten regulatory genes, three driver genes, one biomarkers, one therapeutic target) and KEGG pathways found in the KDS of neural differentiation process from activated neural stem cells (aNSC) to neural progenitor cells (NPC), while few genes and no pathway were found in the period from NPC to astrocytes (Ast). These experiments indicated that the process from aNSC to NPC is a key differentiation period affecting the development of GBM. Therefore, the CKDS algorithm provides a unique perspective in identifying cell-type-specific genes and KDSs.
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Zhang J, Chen Y, Lin J, Jia R, An T, Dong T, Zhang Y, Yang X. Cyclovirobuxine D Exerts Anticancer Effects by Suppressing the EGFR-FAK-AKT/ERK1/2-Slug Signaling Pathway in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:355-367. [PMID: 31913706 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2019.4990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, is characterized by a dismal prognosis due to high recurrence and metastasis rates. Thus, the need for the development of novel chemotherapeutic drugs is urgent. Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D), a steroidal alkaloid extracted from Buxus microphylla that has been extensively used to relieve the symptoms of cardiovascular diseases, has shown promising antineoplastic effects in recent studies. However, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of CVB-D on HCC remain largely unelucidated. This study experimentally indicated that CVB-D can repress HCC cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in G2 phase and can facilitate apoptosis. In addition, the migratory and invasive capabilities of HCC cells were noticeably attenuated by a nonlethal dose of CVB-D, and this attenuation was correlated with the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, in vivo, CVB-D displayed excellent anticancer effects in HCC tumor-bearing nude mice. Regarding the molecular mechanisms of CVB-D activity, decreased Slug expression was determined to be associated with the aforementioned anti-HCC functions of this extract, which might be regulated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) through the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)-associated PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Collectively, our results revealed the suppressive effects of CVB-D on progressive behaviors of HCC, including proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT, in addition to its outstanding proapoptotic effects, which were correlated with the inhibition of the EGFR-FAK-AKT/ERK1/2-Slug signaling pathway. These discoveries provide an experimental and theoretical foundation for the use of CVB-D as a promising candidate for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuwei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaodong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ruimei Jia
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tingting An
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tianxiu Dong
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuhua Yang
- Department of Abdominal Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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