1
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Maier A, Teunissen AJP, Nauta SA, Lutgens E, Fayad ZA, van Leent MMT. Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024:10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x. [PMID: 38575752 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate tissue-based disease status, detect early molecular changes and provide whole-body information. Advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics continue to help to decipher the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inform the development of imaging tracers. Concomitant advances in tracer synthesis methods and PET imaging technology provide future possibilities for atherosclerosis imaging. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in PET imaging techniques and technologies for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and discuss the relationship between imaging readouts and transcriptomics-based plaque phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Maier
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Abraham J P Teunissen
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheqouia A Nauta
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Immunology, Experimental Cardiovascular Immunology Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mandy M T van Leent
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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2
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Scafetta G, D'Alessandria C, Bartolazzi A. Galectin-3 and cancer immunotherapy: a glycobiological rationale to overcome tumor immune escape. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:41. [PMID: 38317202 PMCID: PMC10845537 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has radically changed the landscape of therapeutic opportunities in oncology, but much still needs to be understood from a mechanistic point of view. There is space for further improving tumors' response to ICIs, as supported by a strong biological rationale. For this achievement a detailed analysis of tumor cell phenotype with functional dissection of the molecular interactions occurring in the TME is required. Galectin-3 is a pleiotropic tumor relevant molecule, which deserves particular attention in immuno-oncology. Due to its ability to finely modulate immune response in vivo, Galectin-3 is a potential target molecule to be considered for overcoming tumor immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Scafetta
- Pathology Research Laboratory St, Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Calogero D'Alessandria
- Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Nuclear Medicine Department, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Armando Bartolazzi
- Pathology Research Laboratory St, Andrea University Hospital, Via Di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy.
- Pathology Research Laboratory Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Hospital, S-17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
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3
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Ferro F, Spelat R, Pandit A, Martin-Ventura JL, Rabinovich GA, Contessotto P. Glycosylation of blood cells during the onset and progression of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:178-196. [PMID: 38142190 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation controls cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) communication in immune, vascular, and inflammatory processes, underlining the critical role of this process in the identification of disease biomarkers and the design of novel therapies. Emerging evidence highlights the critical role of blood cell glycosylation in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis (ATH) and myocardial infarction (MI). Here, we review the role of glycosylation in the interplay between blood cells, particularly erythrocytes, and endothelial cells (ECs), highlighting the involvement of this critical post/cotranslational modification in settings of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Importantly, we focus on emerging preclinical studies and clinical trials based on glycan-targeted drugs to validate their therapeutic potential. These findings may help establish new trends in preventive medicine and delineate novel targeted therapies in CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferro
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Renza Spelat
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - José L Martin-Ventura
- Vascular Research Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Paolo Contessotto
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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4
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Kawamata T, Wakimoto A, Nishikawa T, Ikezawa M, Hamada M, Inoue Y, Kulathunga K, Salim FN, Kanai M, Nishino T, Gentleman K, Liu C, Mathis BJ, Obana N, Fukuda S, Takahashi S, Taya Y, Sakai S, Hiramatsu Y. Natto consumption suppresses atherosclerotic plaque progression in LDL receptor-deficient mice transplanted with iRFP-expressing hematopoietic cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22469. [PMID: 38110459 PMCID: PMC10728071 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Natto, known for its high vitamin K content, has been demonstrated to suppress atherosclerosis in large-scale clinical trials through a yet-unknown mechanism. In this study, we used a previously reported mouse model, transplanting the bone marrow of mice expressing infra-red fluorescent protein (iRFP) into LDLR-deficient mice, allowing unique and non-invasive observation of foam cells expressing iRFP in atherosclerotic lesions. Using 3 natto strains, we meticulously examined the effects of varying vitamin K levels on atherosclerosis in these mice. Notably, high vitamin K natto significantly reduced aortic staining and iRFP fluorescence, indicative of decreased atherosclerosis. Furthermore, mice administered natto showed changes in gut microbiota, including an increase in natto bacteria within the cecum, and a significant reduction in serum CCL2 expression. In experiments with LPS-stimulated macrophages, adding natto decreased CCL2 expression and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 expression. This suggests that natto inhibits atherosclerosis through suppression of intestinal inflammation and reduced CCL2 expression in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawamata
- Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, 1-3-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8558, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Arata Wakimoto
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Ph.D. Program in Human Biology, School of Integrative and Global Majors, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takanobu Nishikawa
- Department of Natto Research and Development, Takanofoods Corporation, 1542, Noda, Omitama, Ibaraki, 311-3411, Japan.
| | - Masaya Ikezawa
- Department of Natto Research and Development, Takanofoods Corporation, 1542, Noda, Omitama, Ibaraki, 311-3411, Japan
| | - Michito Hamada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuri Inoue
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Kaushalya Kulathunga
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, P.O. Box 01, Hidellana, Ratnapura, Sri Lanka
| | - Filiani Natalia Salim
- Centre for Medical Science and Technology and Healthcare Equity, Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, 40141, Indonesia
- Magister Program of Biomedical Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Maho Kanai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Teppei Nishino
- Tsukuba Medical Center Hospital, 1-3-1, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8558, Japan
| | - Kyle Gentleman
- Integrated Master of Science Natural Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Hampshire, UK
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Bryan J Mathis
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, 246-2 Mizukami, Kakuganji, Tsuruoka-shi, Yamagata, 997-0052, Japan
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, 3-25-13 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-0821, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
| | - Yuki Taya
- Department of Natto Research and Development, Takanofoods Corporation, 1542, Noda, Omitama, Ibaraki, 311-3411, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba University of Technology, 4-12-7, Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8521, Japan.
| | - Yuji Hiramatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
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Cheng J, Huang H, Chen Y, Wu R. Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Treatment of Atherosclerosis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304294. [PMID: 37897322 PMCID: PMC10754137 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
With the changing disease spectrum, atherosclerosis has become increasingly prevalent worldwide and the associated diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death. Due to their fascinating physical, chemical, and biological characteristics, nanomaterials are regarded as a promising tool to tackle enormous challenges in medicine. The emerging discipline of nanomedicine has filled a huge application gap in the atherosclerotic field, ushering a new generation of diagnosis and treatment strategies. Herein, based on the essential pathogenic contributors of atherogenesis, as well as the distinct composition/structural characteristics, synthesis strategies, and surface design of nanoplatforms, the three major application branches (nanodiagnosis, nanotherapy, and nanotheranostic) of nanomedicine in atherosclerosis are elaborated. Then, state-of-art studies containing a sequence of representative and significant achievements are summarized in detail with an emphasis on the intrinsic interaction/relationship between nanomedicines and atherosclerosis. Particularly, attention is paid to the biosafety of nanomedicines, which aims to pave the way for future clinical translation of this burgeoning field. Finally, this comprehensive review is concluded by proposing unresolved key scientific issues and sharing the vision and expectation for the future, fully elucidating the closed loop from atherogenesis to the application paradigm of nanomedicines for advancing the early achievement of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Cheng
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
| | - Hui Huang
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Materdicine LabSchool of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health)Wenzhou Institute of Shanghai UniversityWenzhouZhejiang325088P. R. China
| | - Rong Wu
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200080P. R. China
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6
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Liu H, Zhang L, Liu Z, Lin J, He X, Wu S, Qin Y, Zhao C, Guo Y, Lin F. Galectin-3 as TREM2 upstream factor contributes to lung ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating macrophage polarization. iScience 2023; 26:107496. [PMID: 37636061 PMCID: PMC10448077 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a complex "aseptic" inflammatory response, macrophage play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of LIRI. Galectin-3 (Gal3), a lectin implicated inflammation, has received limited attention in LIRI. Studies have reported Gal3 as a ligand for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2) in macrophages in Alzheimer's disease. Hence, we established LIRI C57BL/6 mice model and hypoxia/glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model to investigate the relationship among Gal3, TREM2, and macrophage polarization. Our result demonstrated inhibition of Gal3 significantly reduced M1-type macrophage polarization while markedly increased M2-type in LIRI. In addition, we observed colocalization of Gal3 and TREM2 in macrophages, inhibition of Gal3 could recover the downregulation of TREM2 induced by LIRI while promoting TREM2 expression could attenuate lung injury in LIRI. In summary, our findings suggest Gal3 as an upstream factor of TREM2, play a crucial role in LIRI by regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Jinyuan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Xiaojing He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Youyuan Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
| | - Fei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology(GK AD22035214), Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Tissue & Organ Injury and Repair Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Basic Science and Prevention of Perioperative Organ Disfunction, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China
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Cai Y, Sun Z, Shao C, Wang Z, Li L. Role of galectin-3 in vascular calcification. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:149-158. [PMID: 36807052 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification is an abnormal process in which bone specific hydroxyapatite crystals are actively deposited on the vascular wall mediated by phenotypic differentiated smooth muscle cells and other mesenchymal cells under various pathological conditions. It is one of the important characteristics in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis, prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease, especially those requiring maintenance hemodialysis, with severely threatening human health. Previous studies have shown that the early diagnosis and control of vascular calcification is of great significance for cardiovascular risk stratification, prevention of acute cardiovascular events, which can greatly improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Galectins are a family of lectin superfamily. It is widely distributed in various animals and plays an important role in many physiological and pathological processes, such as cell adhesion, apoptosis, inflammatory response, tumor metastasis and so on. Many biomarker-and association-related studies and Preclinical-mechanistic studies have suggested that galactose-specific lectin-3 (galectin-3) plays an important role in vascular calcification and vascular intimal calcification (VIC) calcification induced by Wnt/βcatenin signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. This paper mainly expounds the role and mechanism of galectin-3 in vascular calcification under different pathological conditions including atherosclerosis, diabetes and chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyao Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chen Shao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhongqun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
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8
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Wang Q, Wang T, Lio C, Yu X, Chen X, Liu L, Wu Y, Huang H, Qing L, Luo P. Surface hydrolysis-designed AuNPs-zwitterionic-glucose as a novel tool for targeting macrophage visualization and delivery into infarcted hearts. J Control Release 2023; 356:678-690. [PMID: 36898530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages, innate immune cells, are key players in the maintenance of myocardial homeostasis under normal conditions and tissue repair after injury. The infiltration of macrophages into the injured heart makes them a potentially appealing vehicle for noninvasive imaging and targeted drug delivery of myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we demonstrated the use of surface hydrolysis-designed AuNPs-zwitterionic-glucose to label macrophages and track their infiltration into isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO)-induced MI sites noninvasively using CT. The AuNPs-zwitterionic-glucose did not affect the viability or cytokine release of macrophages and were highly taken up by these cells. The in vivo CT images were obtained on Day 4, Day 6, Day 7, and Day 9, and the attenuation was seen to increase in the heart over time compared to the Day 4 scan. In vitro analysis also confirmed the presence of macrophages around injured cardiomyocytes. Additionally, we also addressed the concern of cell tracking or merely AuNP tracking, which is the inherent problem for any form of nanoparticle-labeled cell tracking by using zwitterionic and glucose-functionalized AuNPs. The glucose coated on the surface of AuNPs-zwit-glucose will be hydrolyzed in macrophages, forming only zwitterionic protected AuNPs that cannot be taken up again by endogenous cells in vivo. This will greatly improve the accuracy and precision of imaging and target delivery. We believe this is the first study to noninvasively visualize the infiltration of macrophages into MI hearts using CT, which could be used for imaging and evaluating the possibility of macrophage-mediated delivery in infarcted hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianlong Wang
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tiantian Wang
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chonkit Lio
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xina Yu
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Lancong Liu
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Youjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Linsen Qing
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratories for Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
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9
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Chiorescu RM, Mocan M, Inceu AI, Buda AP, Blendea D, Vlaicu SI. Vulnerable Atherosclerotic Plaque: Is There a Molecular Signature? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13638. [PMID: 36362423 PMCID: PMC9656166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations, coronary and cerebral artery diseases, are the most common cause of death worldwide. The main pathophysiological mechanism for these complications is the rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and subsequent thrombosis. Pathological studies of the vulnerable lesions showed that more frequently, plaques rich in lipids and with a high level of inflammation, responsible for mild or moderate stenosis, are more prone to rupture, leading to acute events. Identifying the vulnerable plaques helps to stratify patients at risk of developing acute vascular events. Traditional imaging methods based on plaque appearance and size are not reliable in prediction the risk of rupture. Intravascular imaging is a novel technique able to identify vulnerable lesions, but it is invasive and an operator-dependent technique. This review aims to summarize the current data from literature regarding the main biomarkers involved in the attempt to diagnose vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions. These biomarkers could be the base for risk stratification and development of the new therapeutic drugs in the treatment of patients with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Mihaela Chiorescu
- Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Mocan
- Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Ioana Inceu
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Nicolae Stăncioiu Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Paula Buda
- Department of Cardiology, Nicolae Stăncioiu Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Blendea
- Department of Cardiology, Nicolae Stăncioiu Heart Institute, 400001 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400437 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Irina Vlaicu
- Internal Medicine Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emergency Clinical County Hospital, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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10
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Li Q, Wang M, Zhang S, Jin M, Chen R, Luo Y, Sun X. Single-cell RNA sequencing in atherosclerosis: Mechanism and precision medicine. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:977490. [PMID: 36267275 PMCID: PMC9576927 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.977490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the pathological basis of various vascular diseases, including those with high mortality, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. However, its pathogenesis is complex and has not been fully elucidated yet. Over the past few years, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has been developed and widely used in many biological fields to reveal biological mechanisms at the cellular level and solve the problems of cellular heterogeneity that cannot be solved using bulk RNA sequencing. In this review, we briefly summarize the existing scRNA-seq technologies and focus on their application in atherosclerosis research to provide insights into the occurrence, development and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Mengchen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Shuxia Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Meiqi Jin
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Luo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resource Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yun Luo, ; Xiaobo Sun,
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11
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Zhang T, Guo S, Li F, Lan X, Jia Y, Zhang J, Huang Y, Liang XJ. Image-guided/improved diseases management: From immune-strategies and beyond. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114446. [PMID: 35820600 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Timely and accurate assessment and diagnosis are extremely important and beneficial for all diseases, especially for some of the major human disease, such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Limited by the variable disease microenvironment, early imperceptible symptoms, complex immune system interactions, and delayed clinical phenotypes, disease diagnosis and treatment are difficult in most cases. Molecular imaging (MI) techniques can track therapeutic drugs and disease sites in vivo and in vitro in a non-invasive, real-time and visible strategies. Comprehensive visual imaging and quantitative analysis based on different levels can help to clarify the disease process, pathogenesis, drug pharmacokinetics, and further evaluate the therapeutic effects. This review summarizes the application of different MI techniques in the diagnosis and treatment of these major human diseases. It is hoped to shed a light on the development of related technologies and fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Zhang
- School of Life Science Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine) Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Life Science Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine) Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Xinmiao Lan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaru Jia
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science School of Medical Technology (Institute of Engineering Medicine) Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Nanoscience and CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China; College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Guo C, Liu Z, Cao C, Zheng Y, Lu T, Yu Y, Wang L, Liu L, Liu S, Hua Z, Han X, Li Z. Development and Validation of Ischemic Events Related Signature After Carotid Endarterectomy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:794608. [PMID: 35372347 PMCID: PMC8969028 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.794608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemic events after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in carotid artery stenosis patients are unforeseeable and alarming. Therefore, we aimed to establish a novel model to prevent recurrent ischemic events after CEA. Methods: Ninety-eight peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples were collected from carotid artery stenosis patients. Based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we performed whole transcriptome correlation analysis and extracted the key module related to ischemic events. The biological functions of the 292 genes in the key module were annotated via GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed via the STRING database and Cytoscape software. The enrolled samples were divided into train (n = 66), validation (n = 28), and total sets (n = 94). In the train set, the random forest algorithm was used to identify critical genes for predicting ischemic events after CEA, and further dimension reduction was performed by LASSO logistic regression. A diagnosis model was established in the train set and verified in the validation and total sets. Furthermore, fifty peripheral venous blood samples from patients with carotid stenosis in our hospital were used as an independent cohort to validation the model by RT-qPCR. Meanwhile, GSEA, ssGSEA, CIBERSORT, and MCP-counter were used to enrichment analysis in high- and low-risk groups, which were divided by the median risk score. Results: We established an eight-gene model consisting of PLSCR1, ECRP, CASP5, SPTSSA, MSRB1, BCL6, FBP1, and LST1. The ROC-AUCs and PR-AUCs of the train, validation, total, and independent cohort were 0.891 and 0.725, 0.826 and 0.364, 0.869 and 0.654, 0.792 and 0.372, respectively. GSEA, ssGSEA, CIBERSORT, and MCP-counter analyses further revealed that high-risk patients presented enhanced immune signatures, which indicated that immunotherapy may improve clinical outcomes in these patients. Conclusion: An eight-gene model with high accuracy for predicting ischemic events after CEA was constructed. This model might be a promising tool to facilitate the clinical management and postoperative surveillance of carotid artery stenosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Guo
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Can Cao
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Youyang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Taoyuan Lu
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yin Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Long Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shirui Liu
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Hua
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Hua, ; Xinwei Han, ; Zhen Li,
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Hua, ; Xinwei Han, ; Zhen Li,
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Hua, ; Xinwei Han, ; Zhen Li,
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13
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Immuno-PET Imaging of Atherosclerotic Plaques with [89Zr]Zr-Anti-CD40 mAb—Proof of Concept. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11030408. [PMID: 35336782 PMCID: PMC8944956 DOI: 10.3390/biology11030408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis can help in the identification of vulnerable plaque lesions. CD40 is a co-stimulatory molecule present on various immune and non-immune cells in the plaques and is linked to inflammation and plaque instability. We hypothesize that a 89Zr-labeled anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody (mAb) tracer has the potential to bind to cells present in atherosclerotic lesions and that CD40 Positron Emission Tomography (PET) can contribute to the detection of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque lesions. To study this, wild-type (WT) and ApoE−/− mice were fed a high cholesterol diet for 14 weeks to develop atherosclerosis. Mice were injected with [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb and the aortic uptake was evaluated and quantified using PET/Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. Ex vivo biodistribution was performed post-PET imaging and the uptake in the aorta was assessed with autoradiography and compared with Oil red O staining to determine the tracer potential to detect atherosclerotic plaques. On day 3 and 7 post injection, analysis of [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb PET/CT scans showed a more pronounced aortic signal in ApoE−/− compared to WT mice with an increased aorta-to-blood uptake ratio. Autoradiography revealed [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb uptake in atherosclerotic plaque areas in ApoE−/− mice, while no signal was found in WT mice. Clear overlap was observed between plaque areas as identified by Oil red O staining and autoradiography signal of [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb in ApoE−/− mice. In this proof of concept study, we showed that PET/CT with [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb can detect atherosclerotic plaques. As CD40 is associated with plaque vulnerability, [89Zr]Zr-anti-CD40 mAb has the potential to become a tracer to detect vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
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14
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Rossi A, Mikail N, Bengs S, Haider A, Treyer V, Buechel RR, Wegener S, Rauen K, Tawakol A, Bairey Merz CN, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Gebhard C. Heart-brain interactions in cardiac and brain diseases: why sex matters. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:3971-3980. [PMID: 35194633 PMCID: PMC9794190 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and brain disorders, such as depression and cognitive dysfunction, are highly prevalent conditions and are among the leading causes limiting patient's quality of life. A growing body of evidence has shown an intimate crosstalk between the heart and the brain, resulting from a complex network of several physiological and neurohumoral circuits. From a pathophysiological perspective, both organs share common risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, smoking or dyslipidaemia, and are similarly affected by systemic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system. In addition, there is an increasing awareness that physiological interactions between the two organs play important roles in potentiating disease and that sex- and gender-related differences modify those interactions between the heart and the brain over the entire lifespan. The present review summarizes contemporary evidence of the effect of sex on heart-brain interactions and how these influence pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, and treatment responses of specific heart and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Rossi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Nidaa Mikail
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Susan Bengs
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Ahmed Haider
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland,Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland,Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Valerie Treyer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronny Ralf Buechel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanne Wegener
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Rauen
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland,Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Noel Bairey Merz
- Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vera Regitz-Zagrosek
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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In Vivo Imaging of Thyroid Cancer with 99mTc-TR1401 and 99mTc-TR1402: A Comparison Study in Dogs. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10091878. [PMID: 33926024 PMCID: PMC8123688 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) cells may lose NIS expression and iodine uptake, but usually express TSH receptors (TSHR). Therefore, the aim of our study was to compare two radiolabeled superagonist TSH analogues for DTC imaging. These analogues (namely TR1401 and TR1402) have a higher TSHR binding affinity than recombinant human TSH (Thyrogen®). Radiolabeling was performed with technetium-99m using an indirect method via HYNIC conjugation and was followed by in vitro quality controls and binding assay on TSHR-positive cell lines (ML-1). An in vitro binding assay was also performed and compared with radiolabeled human recombinant TSH. In vivo imaging was performed in four dogs with spontaneous follicular thyroid carcinoma with solid poorly differentiated areas with 99mTc-TR1401 SPECT/CT, 99mTc-TR1402 SPECT/CT, and [18F]FDG PET/CT on different days within 2 weeks. TR1401 and TR1402 were labeled with high specific activity (8.3 ± 1.2 MBq/µg) and retention of their biological activity and structural integrity. Both agonists were able to efficiently bind TSHR receptors expressed by cell lines with dissociation constants (Kd) of 2.7 nM for 99mTc-TR1401 and 0.5 nM for 99mTc-TR1402 compared with 99mTc-Thyrogen (Kd = 8.4 nM). In tumor-targeting experiments, a focal uptake was observed in dogs with spontaneous intraglandular thyroid carcinoma, in which TSHR expression was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. 99mTc-TR1402 provided higher T/B than 99mTc-TR1401 and [18F]FDG (12.9 ± 1.3, 10.2 ± 0.7, and 3.8 ± 0.6, respectively; all p < 0.001). Given these results, 99mTc-TR1402 appears to be a useful tool for in vivo imaging of thyroid cancer.
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16
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Blinc A, Šabovič M, Kšela J, Puščenik L, Perme MP, Mijovski MB. Galectin-3 is not predictive of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease. VASA 2021; 50:244-245. [PMID: 33559502 DOI: 10.1024/0301-1526/a000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ales Blinc
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mišo Šabovič
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Juš Kšela
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Division of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lara Puščenik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maja Pohar Perme
- Institute for Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mojca Božič Mijovski
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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