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Chatterjee S, Sil PC. Mechanistic Insights into Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles at the Micro- and Macro-levels. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39324438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been regarded as a legacy nanomaterial due to their widespread usage across multiple fields. The TiO2 NPs have been and are still extensively used as a food and cosmetic additive and in wastewater and sewage treatment, paints, and industrial catalysis as ultrafine TiO2. Recent developments in nanotechnology have catapulted it into a potent antibacterial and anticancer agent due to its excellent photocatalytic potential that generates substantial amounts of highly reactive oxygen radicals. The method of production, surface modifications, and especially size impact its toxicity in biological systems. The anatase form of TiO2 (<30 nm) has been found to exert better and more potent cytotoxicity in bacteria as well as cancer cells than other forms. However, owing to the very small size, anatase particles are able to penetrate deep tissue easily; hence, they have also been implicated in inflammatory reactions and even as a potent oncogenic substance. Additionally, TiO2 NPs have been investigated to assess their toxicity to large-scale ecosystems owing to their excellent reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating potential compounded with widespread usage over decades. This review discusses in detail the mechanisms by which TiO2 NPs induce toxic effects on microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, as well as in cancer cells. It also attempts to shed light on how and why it is so prevalent in our lives and by what mechanisms it could potentially affect the environment on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmistha Chatterjee
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata-700054, India
| | - Parames C Sil
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kankurgachi, Kolkata-700054, India
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2
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Jia G, Wu Q, Hou M, Jiang Y, Yang H, Li M, Wu X, Zhang C. Ultrathin BSA-Stabilized Black Phosphorous Nanoreactor Boosts Mild-Temperature Photothermal Therapy Through Modulation of Cellular Self-Defense Fate. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2402079. [PMID: 39225409 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202402079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Mild-temperature photothermal therapy (mild-PTT, 42-45 °C) offers a higher level of biosafety. However, its therapeutic effects are compromised by the heat shock response (HSR), a cellular self-defense mechanism, which triggers the overexpression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) with the capacity of repairing the damaged tumor cells. Herein, this work fabricates a novel nanoreactor by incorporating up-conversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), chlorin e6 (Ce6), and glucose oxidase (GOx) onto the ultrathin black phosphorus nanosheet (BPNS) (denoted as GOx-BUC). This nanoreactor amplifies mild-PTT effects under irradiation with an 808 nm laser, modulating HSPs-mediated cellular self-defense fate. On one hand, upon irradiation with a 980 nm laser, UCNPs can transfer energy to excite Ce6, leading to the generation of ROS burst, which achieves indiscriminate damage to HSPs activity in deeper tumor tissues. On the other hand, GOx can consume glucose, thereby depleting the ATP energy supply and further suppressing HSPs expression. Consequently, GOx-BUC exhibits excellent anti-tumor efficacy under mild temperature in a human colorectal cancer mouse model, resulting in complete tumor inhibition with negligible side effects. This black phosphorous nanoreactor, featuring dual-track HSPs destruction functionality, introduces novel perspectives for enhancing mild-PTT effectiveness while maintaining high biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qinghe Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Mengfei Hou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Huizhen Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xubo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, China
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Ji F, Shi C, Shu Z, Li Z. Nanomaterials Enhance Pyroptosis-Based Tumor Immunotherapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5545-5579. [PMID: 38882539 PMCID: PMC11178094 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s457309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory and lytic programmed cell death pathway, possesses great potential for antitumor immunotherapy. By releasing cellular contents and a large number of pro-inflammatory factors, tumor cell pyroptosis can promote dendritic cell maturation, increase the intratumoral infiltration of cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells, and reduce the number of immunosuppressive cells within the tumor. However, the efficient induction of pyroptosis and prevention of damage to normal tissues or cells is an urgent concern to be addressed. Recently, a wide variety of nanoplatforms have been designed to precisely trigger pyroptosis and activate the antitumor immune responses. This review provides an update on the progress in nanotechnology for enhancing pyroptosis-based tumor immunotherapy. Nanomaterials have shown great advantages in triggering pyroptosis by delivering pyroptosis initiators to tumors, increasing oxidative stress in tumor cells, and inducing intracellular osmotic pressure changes or ion imbalances. In addition, the challenges and future perspectives in this field are proposed to advance the clinical translation of pyroptosis-inducing nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujian Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunyu Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenbo Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongmin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People’s Republic of China
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4
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Lin Y, Xie R, Yu T. Photodynamic Therapy for Atherosclerosis: Past, Present, and Future. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:729. [PMID: 38931851 PMCID: PMC11206729 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This review paper examines the evolution of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a novel, minimally invasive strategy for treating atherosclerosis, a leading global health concern. Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and inflammation within arterial walls, leading to significant morbidity and mortality through cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Traditional therapeutic approaches have primarily focused on modulating risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, with emerging evidence highlighting the pivotal role of inflammation. PDT, leveraging a photosensitizer, specific-wavelength light, and oxygen, offers targeted treatment by inducing cell death in diseased tissues while sparing healthy ones. This specificity, combined with advancements in nanoparticle technology for improved delivery, positions PDT as a promising alternative to traditional interventions. The review explores the mechanistic basis of PDT, its efficacy in preclinical studies, and the potential for enhancing plaque stability and reducing macrophage density within plaques. It also addresses the need for further research to optimize treatment parameters, mitigate adverse effects, and validate long-term outcomes. By detailing past developments, current progress, and future directions, this paper aims to highlight PDT's potential in revolutionizing atherosclerosis treatment, bridging the gap from experimental research to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Lin
- Ultrasound in Cardiac Electrophysiology and Biomechanics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China;
| | - Ruosen Xie
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, China
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Xu C, Law SK, Leung AWN. Comparison of the Differences between Two-Photon Excitation, Upconversion, and Conventional Photodynamic Therapy on Cancers in In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:663. [PMID: 38931331 PMCID: PMC11206628 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive treatment for several diseases. It combines light energy with a photosensitizer (PS) to destroy the targeted cells or tissues. A PS itself is a non-toxic substance, but it becomes toxic to the target cells through the activation of light at a specific wavelength. There are some limitations of PDT, although it has been used in clinical studies for a long time. Two-photon excitation (TPE) and upconversion (UC) for PDT have been recently developed. A TPE nanoparticle-based PS combines the advantages of TPE and nanotechnology that has emerged as an attractive therapeutic agent for near-infrared red (NIR) light-excited PDT, whilst UC is also used for the NIR light-triggered drug release, activation of 'caged' imaging, or therapeutic molecules during PDT process for the diagnosis, imaging, and treatment of cancers. METHODS Nine electronic databases were searched, including WanFang Data, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Springer Link, SciFinder, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), without any language constraints. TPE and UCNP were evaluated to determine if they had different effects from PDT on cancers. All eligible studies were analyzed and summarized in this review. RESULTS TPE-PDT and UCNP-PDT have a high cell or tissue penetration ability through the excitation of NIR light to activate PS molecules. This is much better than the conventional PDT induced by visible or ultraviolet (UV) light. These studies showed a greater PDT efficacy, which was determined by enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced cell viability, as well as inhibited abnormal cell growth for the treatment of cancers. CONCLUSIONS Conventional PDT involves Type I and Type II reactions for the generation of ROS in the treatment of cancer cells, but there are some limitations. Recently, TPE-PDT and UCNP-PDT have been developed to overcome these problems with the help of nanotechnology in in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanshan Xu
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Siu Kan Law
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, The Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, Tsing Yi, New Territories, Hong Kong;
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Zhang W, Yuan K, Zheng J, Wang X, Wang X, Song Z, Zhang L, Hu J. Effects of Nanobubbles on Photochemical Processes of Levofloxacin Photosensitizer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7021-7028. [PMID: 38501919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) stands as an efficacious modality for the treatment of cancer and various diseases, in which optimization of the electron transfer and augmentation of the production of lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent pivotal challenges to enhance its therapeutic efficacy. Empirical investigations have established that the spontaneous initiation of redox reactions associated with electron transfer is feasible and is located in the gas-liquid interfaces. Meanwhile, nanobubbles (NBs) are emerging as entities capable of furnishing a plethora of such interfaces, attributed to their stability and large surface/volume ratio in bulk water. Thus, NBs provide a chance to expedite the electron-transfer kinetics within the context of PDT in an ambient environment. In this paper, we present a pioneering exploration into the impact of nitrogen nanobubbles (N2-NBs) on the electron transfer of the photosensitizer levofloxacin (LEV). Transient absorption spectra and time-resolved decay spectra, as determined through laser flash photolysis, unequivocally reveal that N2-NBs exhibit a mitigating effect on the decay of the LEV excitation triplet state, thereby facilitating subsequent processes. Of paramount significance is the observation that the presence of N2-NBs markedly accelerates the electron transfer of LEV, albeit with a marginal inhibitory influence on its energy-transfer reaction. This observation is corroborated through absorbance measurements and offers compelling evidence substantiating the role of NBs in expediting electron transfer within the ambit of PDT. The mechanism elucidated herein sheds light on how N2-NBs intricately influence both electron-transfer and energy-transfer reactions in the photosensitizer LEV. These findings not only contribute to a nuanced understanding of the underlying processes but also furnish novel insights that may inform the application of NBs in the realm of photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaiwei Yuan
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xingya Wang
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Xiaotian Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhejun Song
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jun Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
- Xiangfu Laboratory, Jiashan 314102, China
- Institute of Materiobiology, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Aebisher D, Przygórzewska A, Myśliwiec A, Dynarowicz K, Krupka-Olek M, Bożek A, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Bartusik-Aebisher D. Current Photodynamic Therapy for Glioma Treatment: An Update. Biomedicines 2024; 12:375. [PMID: 38397977 PMCID: PMC10886821 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Research on the development of photodynamic therapy for the treatment of brain tumors has shown promise in the treatment of this highly aggressive form of brain cancer. Analysis of both in vivo studies and clinical studies shows that photodynamic therapy can provide significant benefits, such as an improved median rate of survival. The use of photodynamic therapy is characterized by relatively few side effects, which is a significant advantage compared to conventional treatment methods such as often-used brain tumor surgery, advanced radiotherapy, and classic chemotherapy. Continued research in this area could bring significant advances, influencing future standards of treatment for this difficult and deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the Rzeszów University, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Przygórzewska
- English Division Science Club, Medical College of the Rzeszów University, 35-025 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Angelika Myśliwiec
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the Rzeszów University, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland; (A.M.); (K.D.)
| | - Magdalena Krupka-Olek
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 10, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.-O.); (A.B.)
| | - Andrzej Bożek
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Allergology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 10, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.-O.); (A.B.)
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the Rzeszów University, 35-025 Rzeszów, Poland;
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8
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Ferrera-González J, González-Béjar M, Pérez-Prieto J. Synergistic or antagonistic effect of lanthanides on Rose Bengal photophysics in upconversion nanohybrids? NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 38050867 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A nanohybrid made of a xanthenic dye, rose bengal, grafted to an ytterbium and erbium codoped upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) served as a proof-of-concept to evaluate the fundamental mechanisms which govern the dye photophysics upon interaction with the UCNP. Both photoactive lanthanides strongly influence the singlet and triplet excited states of rose bengal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Ferrera-González
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - María González-Béjar
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
| | - Julia Pérez-Prieto
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universitat de València, C/ Catedrático José Beltrán, 2, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain.
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9
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Przygoda M, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Dynarowicz K, Cieślar G, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Cellular Mechanisms of Singlet Oxygen in Photodynamic Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16890. [PMID: 38069213 PMCID: PMC10706571 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we delve into the realm of photodynamic therapy (PDT), an established method for combating cancer. The foundation of PDT lies in the activation of a photosensitizing agent using specific wavelengths of light, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), notably singlet oxygen (1O2). We explore PDT's intricacies, emphasizing its precise targeting of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. We examine the pivotal role of singlet oxygen in initiating apoptosis and other cell death pathways, highlighting its potential for minimally invasive cancer treatment. Additionally, we delve into the complex interplay of cellular components, including catalase and NOX1, in defending cancer cells against PDT-induced oxidative and nitrative stress. We unveil an intriguing auto-amplifying mechanism involving secondary singlet oxygen production and catalase inactivation, offering promising avenues for enhancing PDT's effectiveness. In conclusion, our review unravels PDT's inner workings and underscores the importance of selective illumination and photosensitizer properties for achieving precision in cancer therapy. The exploration of cellular responses and interactions reveals opportunities for refining and optimizing PDT, which holds significant potential in the ongoing fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Przygoda
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-315 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 Street, 41-902 Bytom, Poland;
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Drozdowski A, Jurga N, Przybylska D, Brandmeier JC, Farka Z, Gorris HH, Grzyb T. Bright photon upconversion in LiYbF 4:Tm 3+@LiYF 4 nanoparticles and their application for singlet oxygen generation and in immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:49-57. [PMID: 37336153 PMCID: PMC10257885 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Photon upconversion is an intensively investigated phenomenon in the materials sciences due to its unique applications, mainly in biomedicine for disease prevention and treatment. This study reports the synthesis and properties of tetragonal LiYbF4:Tm3+@LiYF4 core@shell nanoparticles (NPs) and their applications. The NPs had sizes ranging from 18.5 to 23.7 nm. As a result of the energy transfer between Yb3+ and Tm3+ ions, the synthesized NPs show intense emission in the ultraviolet (UV) range up to 347 nm under 975 nm excitation. The bright emission in the UV range allows for singlet oxygen generation in the presence of hematoporphyrin on the surface of NPs. Our studies show that irradiation with a 975 nm laser of the functionalized NPs allows for the production of amounts of singlet oxygen easily detectable by Singlet Oxygen Sensor Green. The high emission intensity of NPs at 800 nm allowed the application of the synthesized NPs in an upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay (ULISA) for highly sensitive detection of the nucleoprotein from SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of Covid-19. This article proves that LiYbF4:Tm3+@LiYF4 core@shell nanoparticles can be perfect alternatives for the most commonly studied upconverting NPs based on the NaYF4 host compound and are good candidates for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Drozdowski
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Natalia Jurga
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Dominika Przybylska
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Julian C Brandmeier
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic; Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Zdeněk Farka
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hans H Gorris
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz Grzyb
- Department of Rare Earths, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, Poznań 61-614, Poland.
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11
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Fengchao C, Siya Z, Tongtong Y, Hongquan W, Jie L, Qiang W, Danish S, Kun L. The enhanced cytotoxicity on breast cancer cells by Tanshinone I-induced photodynamic effect. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18107. [PMID: 37872260 PMCID: PMC10593796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43456-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, natural photosensitizers, such as berberine, curcumin, riboflavin, and emodin, have received more and more attention in photodynamic therapy. Tanshinone I (TanI) is extracted from a traditional Chinese herb Danshen, and exhibits many physiological functions including antitumor. TanI is a photoactive phytocompounds, but no work was tried to investigate its potential photodynamic effect. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity induced by the photodynamic effect of TanI. The photochemical reactions of TanI were firstly investigated by laser flash photolysis. Then breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was chosen as a model and the photodynamic effect of TanI on cancer cell was evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The results showed that TanI could be photoexcited by its UV-Vis absorption light to produce 3TanI* which was quickly quenched by O2. MTT assay showed that the photodynamic effect of TanI resulted in more obvious inhibitive effect on cell survival and cell migration. Besides, the photodynamic effect of TanI could induce cell apoptosis and necrosis, lead to cell cycle arrest in G2, increase intracellular ROS, and decrease the cellular Δψm. It can be concluded that the photodynamic effect of TanI can obviously enhance the cytotoxicity of TanI on MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro, which indicated that TanI might serve as a natural photosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Fengchao
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Siya
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tongtong
- Medical Cosmetic Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Hongquan
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jie
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Qiang
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Li Kun
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Science, School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Jia J, Wu X, Long G, Yu J, He W, Zhang H, Wang D, Ye Z, Tian J. Revolutionizing cancer treatment: nanotechnology-enabled photodynamic therapy and immunotherapy with advanced photosensitizers. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1219785. [PMID: 37860012 PMCID: PMC10582717 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1219785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology-enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) and immunotherapy are emerging as exciting cancer therapeutic methods with significant potential for improving patient outcomes. By combining these approaches, synergistic effects have been observed in preclinical studies, resulting in enhanced immune responses to cancer and the capacity to conquer the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Despite challenges such as addressing treatment limitations and developing personalized cancer treatment strategies, the integration of nanotechnology-enabled PDT and immunotherapy, along with advanced photosensitizers (PSs), represents an exciting new avenue in cancer treatment. Continued research, development, and collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and regulatory agencies are crucial for further advancements and the successful implementation of these promising therapies, ultimately benefiting cancer patients worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiedong Jia
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gongwei Long
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Institute of Reproduction Health Research, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongwen Wang
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhangqun Ye
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical, Beijing, China
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13
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Chen S, Yuan S, Bian Q, Wu B. NIR light, pH, and redox-triple responsive nanogels for controlled release. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6754-6760. [PMID: 37641566 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00667k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a novel spiropyran (SP)-based organic-inorganic composite nanogel (NG), which was prepared using upconverting nanoparticles, spiropyran, acrylic acid and N,N'-bis(acryloyl)cystamine (BAC) compounds under emulsion polymerisation. Compared with other polymer nanoparticles, the crosslinked multi-stimulus responsive nanogels can adjust the release rate by altering more of the parameters and this can meet the needs of a complex biological environment to control the release of drugs. Doxorubicin hydrochlorides were used as a simulated drug to test the drug loading performance and controllable drug release performance of the composite NGs. Under near-infrared light (NIR) irradiation, an acidic environment or a reducing agent, the delivery of the loaded drugs was by controlled release over 24 hours. Under mild triple stimulation (NIR light, pH 6, and 4 mM reducing agent), the loaded drug could be released more efficiently. The organic-inorganic composite NGs with highly-efficient and controllable release performance for loaded drugs provide many choices for novel stimulus responsive nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Chen
- Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China.
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, Hebei, China.
| | - Qing Bian
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility of Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243032, China.
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China.
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14
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Park SH, Han S, Park S, Kim HS, Kim KM, Kim S, Lee DY, Lee J, Kim YP. Photosensitizing deep-seated cancer cells with photoprotein-conjugated upconversion nanoparticles. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:279. [PMID: 37598155 PMCID: PMC10439569 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
To resolve the problem of target specificity and light transmission to deep-seated tissues in photodynamic therapy (PDT), we report a cancer cell-targeted photosensitizer using photoprotein-conjugated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with high target specificity and efficient light transmission to deep tissues. Core-shell UCNPs with low internal energy back transfer were conjugated with recombinant proteins that consists of a photosensitizer (KillerRed; KR) and a cancer cell-targeted lead peptide (LP). Under near infrared (NIR)-irradiating condition, the UCNP-KR-LP generated superoxide anion radicals as reactive oxygen species via NIR-to-green light conversion and exhibited excellent specificity to target cancer cells through receptor-mediated cell adhesion. Consequently, this photosensitizing process facilitated rapid cell death in cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and U-87MG) overexpressing integrin beta 1 (ITGB1) receptors but not in a cell line (SK-BR-3) with reduced ITGB1 expression and a non-invasive normal breast cell line (MCF-10A). In contrast to green light irradiation, NIR light irradiation exhibited significant PDT efficacy in cancer cells located beneath porcine skin tissues up to a depth of 10 mm, as well as in vivo tumor xenograft mouse models. This finding suggests that the designed nanocomposite is useful for sensing and targeting various deep-seated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Hyun Park
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Soohyun Han
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangwoo Park
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Shik Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, BK FOUR Biopharmaceutical Innovation Leader for Education and Research Group, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute for Bioengineering and Biopharmaceutical Research, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Elixir Pharmatech Inc, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joonseok Lee
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Pil Kim
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-Convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Manogaran P, Anandan A, Vijaya Padma V. Isoliensinine augments the therapeutic potential of paclitaxel in multidrug-resistant colon cancer stem cells and induced mitochondria-mediated cell death. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23395. [PMID: 37424111 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Previously we have reported the isoliensinine (ISO) potentates the therapeutic potential of cisplatin in cisplatin resistant colorectal cancer stem cells. The present study evaluates the chemo-sensitizing potential of the combinatorial regimen of ISO and Paclitaxcel (PTX) on multidrug-resistant (MDR)-HCT-15 cells to reduce the dose requirement of both ISO and PTX. The results of the present study suggest that treatment with the combinatorial regimen of ISO and PTX enhanced the cytotoxic effect with resultant increase in apoptosis in MDR-HCT-15 cells as evident from the altered cellular morphology, G2/M cell cycle arrest, propidium iodide uptake, Annexin V, increased intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, diminished ATP production, PARP-1 cleavage, altered expression of ERK1/2, and apoptotic proteins. Treatment with combinatorial regimen of ISO and PTX also modulated the expression of the transcription factors SOX2, OCT4 which determine the stemness of cancer cells. Thus, results of the present study suggest that ISO and PTX combination regimen induces apoptosis in MDR-HCT-15 in a synergistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasath Manogaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Aparna Anandan
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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16
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Ortega-Forte E, Rovira A, López-Corrales M, Hernández-García A, Ballester FJ, Izquierdo-García E, Jordà-Redondo M, Bosch M, Nonell S, Santana MD, Ruiz J, Marchán V, Gasser G. A near-infrared light-activatable Ru(ii)-coumarin photosensitizer active under hypoxic conditions. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7170-7184. [PMID: 37416722 PMCID: PMC10321499 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01844j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a promising approach for cancer treatment. However, the oxygen dependency of PDT to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) hampers its therapeutic efficacy, especially against hypoxic solid tumors. In addition, some photosensitizers (PSs) have dark toxicity and are only activatable with short wavelengths such as blue or UV-light, which suffer from poor tissue penetration. Herein, we developed a novel hypoxia-active PS with operability in the near-infrared (NIR) region based on the conjugation of a cyclometalated Ru(ii) polypyridyl complex of the type [Ru(C^N)(N^N)2] to a NIR-emitting COUPY dye. The novel Ru(ii)-coumarin conjugate exhibits water-solubility, dark stability in biological media and high photostability along with advantageous luminescent properties that facilitate both bioimaging and phototherapy. Spectroscopic and photobiological studies revealed that this conjugate efficiently generates singlet oxygen and superoxide radical anions, thereby achieving high photoactivity toward cancer cells upon highly-penetrating 740 nm light irradiation even under hypoxic environments (2% O2). The induction of ROS-mediated cancer cell death upon low-energy wavelength irradiation along with the low dark toxicity exerted by this Ru(ii)-coumarin conjugate could circumvent tissue penetration issues while alleviating the hypoxia limitation of PDT. As such, this strategy could pave the way to the development of novel NIR- and hypoxia-active Ru(ii)-based theragnostic PSs fuelled by the conjugation of tunable, low molecular-weight COUPY fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Ortega-Forte
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) E-30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Anna Rovira
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Marta López-Corrales
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Alba Hernández-García
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) E-30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Francisco José Ballester
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) E-30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Eduardo Izquierdo-García
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology F-75005 Paris France
| | - Mireia Jordà-Redondo
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 E-08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - Manel Bosch
- Unitat de Microscòpia Òptica Avançada, Centres Científics i Tecnològics, Universitat de Barcelona Av. Diagonal 643 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull Vía Augusta 390 E-08017 Barcelona Spain
| | - María Dolores Santana
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) E-30071 Murcia Spain
| | - José Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca) E-30071 Murcia Spain
| | - Vicente Marchán
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB) Martí i Franquès 1-11 E-08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemical Biology F-75005 Paris France
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17
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Mušković M, Pokrajac R, Malatesti N. Combination of Two Photosensitisers in Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Upconversion Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:613. [PMID: 37111370 PMCID: PMC10143496 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a special form of phototherapy in which oxygen is needed, in addition to light and a drug called a photosensitiser (PS), to create cytotoxic species that can destroy cancer cells and various pathogens. PDT is often used in combination with other antitumor and antimicrobial therapies to sensitise cells to other agents, minimise the risk of resistance and improve overall outcomes. Furthermore, the aim of combining two photosensitising agents in PDT is to overcome the shortcomings of the monotherapeutic approach and the limitations of individual agents, as well as to achieve synergistic or additive effects, which allows the administration of PSs in lower concentrations, consequently reducing dark toxicity and preventing skin photosensitivity. The most common strategies in anticancer PDT use two PSs to combine the targeting of different organelles and cell-death mechanisms and, in addition to cancer cells, simultaneously target tumour vasculature and induce immune responses. The use of PDT with upconversion nanoparticles is a promising approach to the treatment of deep tissues and the goal of using two PSs is to improve drug loading and singlet oxygen production. In antimicrobial PDT, two PSs are often combined to generate various reactive oxygen species through both Type I and Type II processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nela Malatesti
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Radmile Matejčić 2, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia; (M.M.); (R.P.)
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18
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Razzaghi Z, Arjmand B, Hamzeloo-Moghadam M, Rezaei Tavirani M. Gene Ontology Assessment of Indirect Cold Physical Plasma and UV-Radiation Molecular Mechanism at the Cellular Level. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e10. [PMID: 37583495 PMCID: PMC10423957 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The development of therapeutic methods implies an understanding of the molecular mechanism of the applied methods. Due to the widespread use of UV radiation and cold physical plasma in medicine, the molecular mechanism of these two methods is compared via gene ontology. Methods: Data were derived from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which discriminate the cells treated with UV radiation versus indirect cold physical plasma were analyzed via gen ontology enrichment. The related biochemical pathways were extracted from the "Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes" (KEGG). Results: Among the 152 queried DEGs, 18 critical genes including SOC1, LDLR, ALO5, PTGS2, TNF, JUNB, TNFRSF1A, CD40, SMAD7, ID1, SMAD6, SERPINE1, PMAIP1, MDM2, CREB5, GADD45A, E2F3, and ETV5 were highlighted as the genes that victimize the two methods. Conclusion: NOTCH1 and TNF as the main genes plus SEREPINE1, KLF, and BDNF were introduced as the significant genes that are involved in the processes which discriminate cold physical plasma administration and UV-radiation as the two evaluated therapeutic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Razzaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian Cancer Control Center (MACSA), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hamzeloo-Moghadam
- Traditional Medicine and Materia Medica Research Center, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Insight into the Crosstalk between Photodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051532. [PMID: 36900322 PMCID: PMC10000400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the world's second most frequent malignancy and the leading cause of mortality among women. All in situ or invasive breast cancer derives from terminal tubulobular units; when the tumor is present only in the ducts or lobules in situ, it is called ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)/lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). The biggest risk factors are age, mutations in breast cancer genes 1 or 2 (BRCA1 or BRCA2), and dense breast tissue. Current treatments are associated with various side effects, recurrence, and poor quality of life. The critical role of the immune system in breast cancer progression/regression should always be considered. Several immunotherapy techniques for BC have been studied, including tumor-targeted antibodies (bispecific antibodies), adoptive T cell therapy, vaccinations, and immune checkpoint inhibition with anti-PD-1 antibodies. In the last decade, significant breakthroughs have been made in breast cancer immunotherapy. This advancement was principally prompted by cancer cells' escape of immune regulation and the tumor's subsequent resistance to traditional therapy. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown potential as a cancer treatment. It is less intrusive, more focused, and less damaging to normal cells and tissues. It entails the employment of a photosensitizer (PS) and a specific wavelength of light to create reactive oxygen species. Recently, an increasing number of studies have shown that PDT combined with immunotherapy improves the effect of tumor drugs and reduces tumor immune escape, improving the prognosis of breast cancer patients. Therefore, we objectively evaluate strategies for their limitations and benefits, which are critical to improving outcomes for breast cancer patients. In conclusion, we offer many avenues for further study on tailored immunotherapy, such as oxygen-enhanced PDT and nanoparticles.
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20
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Upconverting Nanoparticles as a New Bio-Imaging Strategy-Investigating Intracellular Trafficking of Endogenous Processes in Neural Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021122. [PMID: 36674638 PMCID: PMC9866400 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, rare-earth-doped upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been widely used in different life sciences due to their unique properties. Nanoparticles have become a multifunctional and promising new approach to neurobiological disorders and have shown extraordinary application potential to overcome the problems related to conventional treatment strategies. This study evaluated the internalization mechanisms, bio-distribution, and neurotoxicity of NaYF4:20%Yb3+,2%Er3+ UCNPs in rat organotypic hippocampal slices. TEM results showed that UCNPs were easily internalized by hippocampal cells and co-localized with selected organelles inside neurons and astrocytes. Moreover, the UCNPs were taken into the neurons via clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Propidium iodide staining and TEM analysis did not confirm the adverse effects of UCNPs on hippocampal slice viability and morphology. Therefore, UCNPs may be a potent tool for bio-imaging and testing new therapeutic strategies for brain diseases in the future.
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21
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Liu Y, Liang Y, Lei P, Zhang Z, Chen Y. Multifunctional Superparticles for Magnetically Targeted NIR-II Imaging and Photodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2203669. [PMID: 36414398 PMCID: PMC9839852 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Theranostics, the combination of diagnostics and therapies, has been considered as a promising strategy for clinical cancer treatment. Nonetheless, building a smart theranostic system with multifunction for different on-demand applications still remains elusive. Herein, an easy and user-friendly microemulsion based method is developed to modularly assemble upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and Fe3 O4 nanoparticles together, forming multifunctional UCNPs/Fe3 O4 superparticles with highly integrated functionalities including the 808 nm excitation for real-time NIR-II imaging, magnetic targeting, and the upconversion luminescence upon 980 nm excitation for on-demand photodynamic therapy (PDT). With a magnet placed nearby the tumor, in vivo NIR-II imaging uncovers that superparticles tend to migrate toward the tumor and exhibit intense tumor accumulation, ≈6 folds higher than that without magnetic targeting 2 h after intravenous injection. NIR laser irradiation is then used to trigger PDT, obtaining an outstanding tumor elimination under magnetic tumor targeting, which shows a high potential to be applied in targeted cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource UtilizationChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
- School of Rare EarthsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
- Ganjiang Innovation AcademyChinese Academy of SciencesGanzhouJiangxi341000P. R. China
| | - Pengpeng Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource UtilizationChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences5625 Renmin StreetChangchun130022P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhou510275P. R. China
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22
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Naher HS, Al-Turaihi BAH, Mohammed SH, Naser SM, Albark MA, Madlool HA, Al- Marzoog HAM, Turki Jalil A. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs): Synthesis methods, imaging and cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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23
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Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy: A Review of Combined Energy Sources. Cells 2022; 11:cells11243995. [PMID: 36552759 PMCID: PMC9776440 DOI: 10.3390/cells11243995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used in recent years as a non-invasive treatment for cancer, due to the side effects of traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. This therapeutic technique requires a photosensitizer, light energy, and oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) which mediate cellular toxicity. PDT is a useful non-invasive therapy for cancer treatment, but it has some limitations that need to be overcome, such as low-light-penetration depths, non-targeting photosensitizers, and tumor hypoxia. This review focuses on the latest innovative strategies based on the synergistic use of other energy sources, such as non-visible radiation of the electromagnetic spectrum (microwaves, infrared, and X-rays), ultrasound, and electric/magnetic fields, to overcome PDT limitations and enhance the therapeutic effect of PDT. The main principles, mechanisms, and crucial elements of PDT are also addressed.
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24
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Hamdy NM, Eskander G, Basalious EB. Insights on the Dynamic Innovative Tumor Targeted-Nanoparticles-Based Drug Delivery Systems Activation Techniques. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6131-6155. [PMID: 36514378 PMCID: PMC9741821 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s386037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer conventional chemotherapeutic drugs novel formula progress, nowadays, uses nano technology for targeted drug delivery, specifically tailored to overcome therapeutic agents' delivery challenges. Polymer drug delivery systems (DDS) play a crucial role in minimizing off-target side effects arising when using standard cytotoxic drugs. Using nano-formula for targeted localized action, permits using larger effective cytotoxic doses on a single special spot, that can seriously cause harm if it was administered systemically. Therefore, various nanoparticles (NPs) specifically have attached groups for targeting capabilities, not seen in bulk materials, which then need activation. In this review, we will present a simple innovative, illustrative, in a cartoon-way, enumeration of NP anti-cancer drug targeting delivery system activation-types. Area(s) covered in this review are the mechanisms of various NP activation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Georgette Eskander
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Postgraduate Student, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Emad B Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt,Correspondence: Emad B Basalious; Nadia M Hamdy, Email ;
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25
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Chintamaneni PK, Nagasen D, Babu KC, Mourya A, Madan J, Srinivasarao DA, Ramachandra RK, Santhoshi PM, Pindiprolu SKSS. Engineered upconversion nanocarriers for synergistic breast cancer imaging and therapy: Current state of art. J Control Release 2022; 352:652-672. [PMID: 36328078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women and is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Early diagnosis and effective therapeutic interventions are critical determinants that can improve survival and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Nanotheranostics are emerging interventions that offer the dual benefit of in vivo diagnosis and therapeutics through a single nano-sized carrier. Rare earth metal-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with their ability to convert near-infrared light to visible light or UV light in vivo settings have gained special attraction due to their unique luminescence and tumor-targeting properties. In this review, we have discussed applications of UCNPs in drug and gene delivery, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and tumor targeting in breast cancer. Further, present challenges and future opportunities for UCNPs in breast cancer treatment have also been mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kumar Chintamaneni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, GITAM School of Pharmacy, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Rudraram, 502329 Telangana, India.
| | - Dasari Nagasen
- Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem 533437, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada 533003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - Katta Chanti Babu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Atul Mourya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India
| | - Dadi A Srinivasarao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad 500037, Telangana, India.
| | - R K Ramachandra
- Crystal Growth and Nanoscience Research Center, Department of Physics, Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India; Government Degree College, Chodavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| | - P Madhuri Santhoshi
- Crystal Growth and Nanoscience Research Center, Department of Physics, Government College (A), Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Sai Kiran S S Pindiprolu
- Aditya Pharmacy College, Surampalem 533437, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada, Kakinada 533003, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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26
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Rezende TKL, Barbosa HP, dos Santos LF, de O. Lima K, Alves de Matos P, Tsubone TM, Gonçalves RR, Ferrari JL. Upconversion rare Earths nanomaterials applied to photodynamic therapy and bioimaging. Front Chem 2022; 10:1035449. [PMID: 36465861 PMCID: PMC9713237 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1035449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Light-based therapies and diagnoses including photodynamic therapy (PDT) have been used in many fields of medicine, including the treatment of non-oncological diseases and many types of cancer. PDT require a light source and a light-sensitive compound, called photosensitizer (PS), to detect and destroy cancer cells. After absorption of the photon, PS molecule gets excited from its singlet ground state to a higher electronically excited state which, among several photophysical processes, can emit light (fluorescence) and/or generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the biological responses are activated only in specific areas of the tissue that have been submitted to exposure to light. The success of the PDT depends on many parameters, such as deep light penetration on tissue, higher PS uptake by undesired cells as well as its photophysical and photochemical characteristics. One of the challenges of PDT is the depth of penetration of light into biological tissues. Because photon absorption and scattering occur simultaneously, these processes depend directly on the light wavelength. Using PS that absorbs photons on "optical transparency windows" of biological tissues promises deeper penetration and less attenuation during the irradiation process. The traditional PS normally is excited by a higher energy photon (UV-Vis light) which has become the Achilles' heel in photodiagnosis and phototreatment of deep-seated tumors below the skin. Thus, the need to have an effective upconverter sensitizer agent is the property in which it absorbs light in the near-infrared (NIR) region and emits in the visible and NIR spectral regions. The red emission can contribute to the therapy and the green and NIR emission to obtain the image, for example. The absorption of NIR light by the material is very interesting because it allows greater penetration depth for in vivo bioimaging and can efficiently suppress autofluorescence and light scattering. Consequently, the penetration of NIR radiation is greater, activating the biophotoluminescent material within the cell. Thus, materials containing Rare Earth (RE) elements have a great advantage for these applications due to their attractive optical and physicochemical properties, such as several possibilities of excitation wavelengths - from UV to NIR, strong photoluminescence emissions, relatively long luminescence decay lifetimes (µs to ms), and high sensitivity and easy preparation. In resume, the relentless search for new systems continues. The contribution and understanding of the mechanisms of the various physicochemical properties presented by this system is critical to finding a suitable system for cancer treatment via PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís K. L. Rezende
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Inorgânicos com Terras Raras−DeMITeR, Instituto de Química−(IQ), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia−(UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Helliomar P. Barbosa
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Inorgânicos com Terras Raras−DeMITeR, Instituto de Química−(IQ), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia−(UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luiz F. dos Santos
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados−Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo−(USP), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Karmel de O. Lima
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados−Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo−(USP), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Alves de Matos
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Fotobiologia e Biomoléculas (LIFeBio), Instituto de Química−(IQ), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia−(UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Tayana M. Tsubone
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Fotobiologia e Biomoléculas (LIFeBio), Instituto de Química−(IQ), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia−(UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Rogéria R. Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes Micro e Nanoestruturados−Mater Lumen, Departamento de Química, FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo−(USP), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Jefferson L. Ferrari
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Materiais Inorgânicos com Terras Raras−DeMITeR, Instituto de Química−(IQ), Universidade Federal de Uberlândia−(UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
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27
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Saad MA, Hasan T. Spotlight on Photoactivatable Liposomes beyond Drug Delivery: An Enabler of Multitargeting of Molecular Pathways. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:2041-2064. [PMID: 36197738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential of photoactivating certain molecules, photosensitizers (PS), resulting in photochemical processes, has long been realized in the form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the management of several cancerous and noncancerous pathologies. With an improved understanding of the photoactivation process and its broader implications, efforts are being made to exploit the various facets of photoactivation, PDT, and the associated phenomenon of photodynamic priming in enhancing treatment outcomes, specifically in cancer therapeutics. The parallel emergence of nanomedicine, specifically liposome-based nanoformulations, and the convergence of the two fields of liposome-based drug delivery and PDT have led to the development of unique hybrid systems, which combine the exciting features of liposomes with adequate complementation through the photoactivation process. While initially liposomes carrying photosensitizers (PSs) were developed for enhancing the pharmacokinetics and the general applicability of PSs, more recently, PS-loaded liposomes, apart from their utility in PDT, have found several applications including enhanced targeting of drugs, coloading multiple therapeutic agents to enhance synergistic effects, imaging, priming, triggering drug release, and facilitating the escape of therapeutic agents from the endolysosomal complex. This review discusses the design strategies, potential, and unique attributes of these hybrid systems, with not only photoactivation as an attribute but also the ability to encapsulate multiple agents for imaging, biomodulation, priming, and therapy referred to as photoactivatable multiagent/inhibitor liposomes (PMILS) and their targeted versions─targeted PMILS (TPMILS). While liposomes have formed their own niche in nanotechnology and nanomedicine with several clinically approved formulations, we try to highlight how using PS-loaded liposomes could address some of the limitations and concerns usually associated with liposomes to overcome them and enhance their preclinical and clinical utility in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A Saad
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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28
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Lv H, Liu J, Wang Y, Xia X, Li Y, Hou W, Li F, Guo L, Li X. Upconversion nanoparticles and its based photodynamic therapy for antibacterial applications: A state-of-the-art review. Front Chem 2022; 10:996264. [PMID: 36267658 PMCID: PMC9577018 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.996264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Major medical advances in antibiotics for infectious diseases have dramatically improved the quality of life and greatly increased life expectancy. Nevertheless, the widespread and inappropriate exploitation of antibacterial agents has resulted in the emergence of multi-drug-resistant bacteria (MDR). Consequently, the study of new drugs for the treatment of diseases associated with multi-drug-resistant bacteria and the development of new treatments are urgently needed. Inspiringly, due to the advantages of a wide antimicrobial spectrum, fast sterilization, low resistance, and little damage to host tissues and normal flora, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT), which is based on the interaction between light and a nontoxic photosensitizer (PS) concentrated at the lesion site to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), has become one of the most promising antibacterial strategies. Recently, a burgeoning APDT based on a variety of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) such as PS and near-infrared (NIR) light has been fully integrated in antibacterial applications and achieved excellent performances. Meanwhile, conjugated nanoparticles have been frequently reported in UCNP design, including surface-modified PS conjugates, antibiotic-PS conjugates, and dual or multiple antibacterial modal PS conjugates. This article provides an overview of the state-of-the-art design and bactericidal effects of UCNPs and their based APDTs. The first part discusses the design and mechanisms for UCNPs currently implemented in biomedicine. The second part focuses on the applications and antimicrobial effects of diverse APDT based on UCNPs in antibacterial-related infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlin Lv
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Xia
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxue Hou
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lantian Guo
- College of Automation and Electronic Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Li,
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29
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Gerelkhuu Z, Lee YI, Yoon TH. Upconversion Nanomaterials in Bioimaging and Biosensor Applications and Their Biological Response. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3470. [PMID: 36234598 PMCID: PMC9565472 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, upconversion nanomaterials (UCNMs) have attracted considerable research interest because of their unique optical properties, such as large anti-Stokes shifts, sharp emissions, non-photobleaching, and long lifetime. These unique properties make them ideal candidates for unified applications in biomedical fields, including drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and photodynamic therapy for specific cancers. This review describes the general mechanisms of upconversion, synthesis methods, and potential applications in biology and their biological responses. Additionally, the biological toxicity of UCNMs is explained and summarized with the associated intracellular association mechanisms. Finally, the prospects and future challenges of UCNMs at the clinical level in biological applications are described, along with a summary of opportunity for biological as well as clinical applications of UCNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zayakhuu Gerelkhuu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Institute of Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Yong-Ill Lee
- Department of Materials Convergence and System Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 71408, Vietnam
| | - Tae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Institute of Next Generation Material Design, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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30
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Mielnik M, Cieślar G, Chodurek E, Kawczyk-Krupka A, Aebisher D. Photon Upconversion in Small Molecules. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185874. [PMID: 36144609 PMCID: PMC9502815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Upconversion (UC) is a process that describes the emission of shorter-wavelength light compared to that of the excitation source. Thus, UC is also referred to as anti-Stokes emission because the excitation wavelength is longer than the emission wavelength. UC materials are used in many fields, from electronics to medicine. The objective of using UC in medical research is to synthesize upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) composed of a lanthanide core with a coating of adsorbed dye that will generate fluorescence after excitation with near-infrared light to illuminate deep tissue. Emission occurs in the visible and UV range, and excitation mainly in the near-infrared spectrum. UC is observed for lanthanide ions due to the arrangement of their energy levels resulting from f-f electronic transitions. Organic compounds and transition metal ions are also able to form the UC process. Biocompatible UCNPs are designed to absorb infrared light and emit visible light in the UC process. Fluorescent dyes are adsorbed to UCNPs and employed in PDT to achieve deeper tissue effects upon irradiation with infrared light. Fluorescent UCNPs afford selectivity as they may be activated only by illumination of an area of diseased tissue, such as a tumor, with infrared light and are by themselves atoxic in the absence of infrared light. UCNP constructs can be monitored as to their location in the body and uptake by cancer cells, aiding in evaluation of exact doses required to treat the targeted cancer. In this paper, we review current research in UC studies and UCNP development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mielnik
- English Division Science Club, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Cieślar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Ewa Chodurek
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kawczyk-Krupka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Angiology, and Physical Medicine, Center for Laser Diagnostics and Therapy, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.-K.); (D.A.)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence: (A.K.-K.); (D.A.)
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31
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Upconversion Nanostructures Applied in Theranostic Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169003. [PMID: 36012269 PMCID: PMC9409402 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Upconversion (UC) nanostructures, which can upconvert near-infrared (NIR) light with low energy to visible or UV light with higher energy, are investigated for theranostic applications. The surface of lanthanide (Ln)-doped UC nanostructures can be modified with different functional groups and bioconjugated with biomolecules for therapeutic systems. On the other hand, organic molecular-based UC nanostructures, by using the triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) UC mechanism, have high UC quantum yields and do not require high excitation power. In this review, the major UC mechanisms in different nanostructures have been introduced, including the Ln-doped UC mechanism and the TTA UC mechanism. The design and fabrication of Ln-doped UC nanostructures and TTA UC-based UC nanostructures for theranostic applications have been reviewed and discussed. In addition, the current progress in the application of UC nanostructures for diagnosis and therapy has been summarized, including tumor-targeted bioimaging and chemotherapy, image-guided diagnosis and phototherapy, NIR-triggered controlled drug releasing and bioimaging. We also provide insight into the development of emerging UC nanostructures in the field of theranostics.
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32
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Choi J, Kim SY. Synthesis of near-infrared-responsive hexagonal-phase upconversion nanoparticles with controllable shape and luminescence efficiency for theranostic applications. J Biomater Appl 2022; 37:646-658. [PMID: 35699103 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221108483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, photodynamic therapy has been studied as a therapeutic method by generating singlet oxygen through activation of a photosensitizer (PS) to kill cancer cells. However, the light within the activating wavelength range of commercial photosensitizers has a low penetration depth. In this study, we designed multifunctional upconversion nanoparticles (UCNs) that can emit high-energy light by absorbing low-energy near-infrared (NIR) light with excellent tissue permeability through a fluorescence resonance energy transfer procedure. This process can produce reactive oxygen species by activating the PS. We aimed to optimize the thermal decomposition synthesis procedure to produce lanthanide-doped UCNs with a uniform size and improve the photoluminescence efficiency for an NIR-regulated theranostic system. It was confirmed that the morphologies of UCNs can be controlled by varying the reaction time, reaction temperature, and feed molar ratio of the solvent and reactant. The crystalline morphology of the synthesized UCNs showed a thermodynamically stable hexagonal phase. The photoluminescence efficiency of the UCNs also was influenced by size, surface area, crystalline property, and stability in aqueous solution. Furthermore, the surface-modified UCNs with a folic acid-conjugated block copolymer and PS exhibited enhanced singlet oxygen generation and significantly improved aqueous solubility and photoluminescence efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongseon Choi
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Graduate School of Energy Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical engineering education, College of Education, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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33
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Ostańska E, Barnaś E, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Dynarowicz K, Szpunar M, Skręt-Magierło J, Aebisher D. Histopathological Analysis of the Effect of Photodynamic Action on Post-Chemotherapy Excised Breast Cancer Tissue. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58060700. [PMID: 35743961 PMCID: PMC9228729 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and its mortality is increasing. Therefore, research to improve treatment is of paramount importance. One method of treatment is photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy selectively stimulates apoptosis in photosensitizer-treated neoplastic breast cells as a result of cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation via collisions between triplet excited state photosensitizer and triplet ground state oxygen upon tissue irradiation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of photodynamic action on cancerous breast tissue samples as a model of photodynamic therapy. Materials and Methods: Breast cancer tissue samples were obtained from post-operative material and the patterns of histopathological changes in breast cancer tissue before and after photodynamic action on post-chemotherapy tissue were evaluated. Excised tissue samples were obtained from 48 female breast cancer patients who had previously undergone chemotherapy. Breast cancer tissues for this study were taken from macroscopically visible tumors larger than 10 mm. Histopathological analysis was performed to evaluate any morphological changes prior to and after photodynamic action on the post-chemotherapy tissue samples. Eighteen breast cancer tissue samples were analyzed before chemotherapy, fifteen after chemotherapy, and fifteen samples were analyzed after chemotherapy and application of photodynamic action. The photosensitizer Rose Bengal was applied to the samples subjected to photodynamic action. Results: Photodynamic action on post-chemotherapy neoplastic tissue showed histological changes under a light microscope. The results showed that morphological changes in breast cancer tissues after chemotherapy and photodynamic action were dependent on the concentration of Rose Bengal. In all cases, follow-up imaging showed tumor shrinkage of an average of 35% from baseline size. Conclusions: Histopathological examination revealed photosensitizer-concentration-dependent changes after photodynamic action in excised post-chemotherapy tissue. The effects of photodynamic action observed in this study suggest that the application of photodynamic therapy after chemotherapy can aid in breast cancer cell eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Ostańska
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Frederick Chopin Clinical Provincial Hospital No. 1, 35-055 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Edyta Barnaś
- Department of Midwifery, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (E.B.); (J.S.-M.)
| | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Klaudia Dynarowicz
- Center for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Szpunar
- Students English Division Science Club, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Joanna Skręt-Magierło
- Department of Midwifery, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (E.B.); (J.S.-M.)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of the University of Rzeszów, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Correspondence:
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34
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Bloyet C, Sciortino F, Matsushita Y, Karr PA, Liyanage A, Jevasuwan W, Fukata N, Maji S, Hynek J, D'Souza F, Shrestha LK, Ariga K, Yamazaki T, Shirahata N, Hill JP, Payne DT. Photosensitizer Encryption with Aggregation Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Production. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10830-10843. [PMID: 35587544 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores that generate singlet oxygen (1O2) in water are essential to developing noninvasive disease treatments using photodynamic therapy (PDT). A facile approach for formation of stable colloidal nanoparticles of 1O2 photosensitizers, which exhibit aggregation enhanced 1O2 generation in water toward applications as PDT agents, is reported. Chromophore encryption within a fuchsonarene macrocyclic scaffold insulates the photosensitizer from aggregation induced deactivation pathways, enabling a higher chromophore density than typical 1O2 generating nanoparticles. Aggregation enhanced 1O2 generation in water is observed, and variation in molecular structure allows for regulation of the physical properties of the nanoparticles which ultimately affects the 1O2 generation. In vitro activity and the ability of the particles to pass through the cell membrane into the cytoplasm is demonstrated using confocal fluorescence microscopy with HeLa cells. Photosensitizer encryption in rigid macrocycles, such as fuchsonarenes, offers new prospects for the production of biocompatible nanoarchitectures for applications involving 1O2 generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Bloyet
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Flavien Sciortino
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Matsushita
- Research Network and Facility Services Division, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, United States
| | - Anuradha Liyanage
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Wipakorn Jevasuwan
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Naoki Fukata
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Subrata Maji
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jan Hynek
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, 305070 Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.,Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yamazaki
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Naoto Shirahata
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Daniel T Payne
- International Center for Young Scientists, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
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Sharma B, Samperi M, Jain A, Chaudhary GR, Kaur G, Pérez-García L. Gemini Surfactant Mediated Catansomes for Enhanced Singlet Oxygen Generation of Rose Bengal and Their Phototoxicity against Cancer Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:1878-1891. [PMID: 35412794 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative technique for cancer treatment with minimal side effects, based on the use of a photosensitizer, oxygen, and light. Photosensitizers (PSs) have several limitations, that may limit their clinical use, like poor solubilization, self-aggregation, and lack of specific targeting, which can be addressed with the use of nanomaterials. Herein, a unique type of catansomes (CaSs) was prepared using a gemini imidazolium-based surfactant (1,3-bis[(3-octadecyl-1-imidazolio)methyl]benzene dibromide (GBIB) and a double chain surfactant, diaoctyl sodium sulfosuccinate or Aerosol OT (AOT). The formation of CaS GBIB/AOT was optimized in various ethanol/water (E/W) solvent ratios by employing a facile, quick, and most reliable solution-solution mixing method. The CaS was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) techniques. The experimental results reveal that stable CaSs with a spherical shape were obtained at lower concentration (100 μM). Rose Bengal (RB), a PS of the xanthene family, was incorporated into these prepared CaSs, as proven by fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Singlet oxygen (1O2) generation studies revealed the relevant role of the E/W solvent ratio as there was a 4-fold boost in the 1O2 production for GBIB/AOT in E/W = 50:50 and around 3-fold in E/W = 30:70. Also, the GBIB-rich 80:20 fraction was more efficient in increasing the 1O2 generation as compared to the AOT rich fraction (20:80). Further, their phototoxicity was tested in a water-rich solvent ratio (E/W = 30:70) against MCF-7 cells. Upon irradiation with a 532 nm laser (50 mW) for 5 min, RB@GBIB/AOT(20:80) fraction caused 50% decrease in the metabolic activity of MCF-7 cells, and RB@GBIB/AOT(80:20) fraction produced a maximum 85% decrease in cell viability. Furthermore, the enhancement in intracellular 1O2 generation by RB@GBIB/AOT, as compared to pure RB, was confirmed with singlet oxygen sensor green (SOSG). This new type of CaS based on gemini surfactants exhibiting a large amount of 1O2 generation, holds great interest for several applications, such as use in photomedicine in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bunty Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.,Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Mario Samperi
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Akhil Jain
- Division of Regenerative Medicine and Cellular Therapies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Ganga Ram Chaudhary
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Division of Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K.,Departament de Farmacologia, Toxicologia i Química Terapèutica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia UB (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Liu X, Zhang H. New Generation of Photosensitizers Based on Inorganic Nanomaterials. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2451:213-244. [PMID: 35505021 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2099-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Advance of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has offered new possibilities for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Large amount of different kinds of sensitizers and targeting moieties can now be loaded in nanometer's volume, which not only results in the improvement of the efficacy of PDT, but also enables the control of image-guided PDT with unprecedented precision and variation. This chapter shall overview the recently most studied inorganic nanomaterials for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, FineMechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China. .,Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Arnau Del Valle C, Hirsch T, Marin M. Recent Advances in Near Infrared Upconverting Nanomaterials for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2022; 10. [PMID: 35447614 DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/ac6937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a well-established treatment of cancer that uses the toxic reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen (1O2), generated by photosensitiser drugs following irradiation of a specific wavelength to destroy the cancerous cells and tumours. Visible light is commonly used as the excitation source in PDT, which is not ideal for cancer treatment due to its reduced tissue penetration, and thus inefficiency to treat deep-lying tumours. Additionally, these wavelengths exhibit elevated autofluorescence background from the biological tissues which hinders optical biomedical imaging. An alternative to UV-Vis irradiation is the use of near infrared (NIR) excitation for PDT. This can be achieved using upconverting nanoparticles (UCNPs) functionalised with photosensitiser (PS) drugs where UCNPs can be used as an indirect excitation source for the activation of PS drugs yielding to the production of singlet 1O2 following NIR excitation. The use of nanoparticles for PDT is also beneficial due to their tumour targeting capability, either passively via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect or actively via stimuli-responsive targeting and ligand-mediated targeting (ie. using recognition units that can bind specific receptors only present or overexpressed on tumour cells). Here, we review recent advances in NIR upconverting nanomaterials for PDT of cancer with a clear distinction between those reported nanoparticles that could potentially target the tumour due to accumulation via the EPR effect (passive targeting) and nanoparticle-based systems that contain targeting agents with the aim of actively target the tumour via a molecular recognition process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Arnau Del Valle
- University of East Anglia, School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Thomas Hirsch
- University of Regensburg, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, Regensburg, 93040, GERMANY
| | - Maria Marin
- University of East Anglia, School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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Deep-Tissue Activation of Photonanomedicines: An Update and Clinical Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14082004. [PMID: 35454910 PMCID: PMC9032169 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14082004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-activated treatment modality, which is being clinically used and further developed for a number of premalignancies, solid tumors, and disseminated cancers. Nanomedicines that facilitate PDT (photonanomedicines, PNMs) have transformed its safety, efficacy, and capacity for multifunctionality. This review focuses on the state of the art in deep-tissue activation technologies for PNMs and explores how their preclinical use can evolve towards clinical translation by harnessing current clinically available instrumentation. Abstract With the continued development of nanomaterials over the past two decades, specialized photonanomedicines (light-activable nanomedicines, PNMs) have evolved to become excitable by alternative energy sources that typically penetrate tissue deeper than visible light. These sources include electromagnetic radiation lying outside the visible near-infrared spectrum, high energy particles, and acoustic waves, amongst others. Various direct activation mechanisms have leveraged unique facets of specialized nanomaterials, such as upconversion, scintillation, and radiosensitization, as well as several others, in order to activate PNMs. Other indirect activation mechanisms have leveraged the effect of the interaction of deeply penetrating energy sources with tissue in order to activate proximal PNMs. These indirect mechanisms include sonoluminescence and Cerenkov radiation. Such direct and indirect deep-tissue activation has been explored extensively in the preclinical setting to facilitate deep-tissue anticancer photodynamic therapy (PDT); however, clinical translation of these approaches is yet to be explored. This review provides a summary of the state of the art in deep-tissue excitation of PNMs and explores the translatability of such excitation mechanisms towards their clinical adoption. A special emphasis is placed on how current clinical instrumentation can be repurposed to achieve deep-tissue PDT with the mechanisms discussed in this review, thereby further expediting the translation of these highly promising strategies.
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Dubey N, Chandra S. Upconversion nanoparticles: Recent strategies and mechanism based applications. J RARE EARTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Jethva P, Momin M, Khan T, Omri A. Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Luminescent Nanoparticles-Evolving Role in Bioimaging, Biosensing, and Drug Delivery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:2374. [PMID: 35407706 PMCID: PMC8999924 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Upconverting luminescent nanoparticles (UCNPs) are "new generation fluorophores" with an evolving landscape of applications in diverse industries, especially life sciences and healthcare. The anti-Stokes emission accompanied by long luminescence lifetimes, multiple absorptions, emission bands, and good photostability, enables background-free and multiplexed detection in deep tissues for enhanced imaging contrast. Their properties such as high color purity, high resistance to photobleaching, less photodamage to biological samples, attractive physical and chemical stability, and low toxicity are affected by the chemical composition; nanoparticle crystal structure, size, shape and the route; reagents; and procedure used in their synthesis. A wide range of hosts and lanthanide ion (Ln3+) types have been used to control the luminescent properties of nanosystems. By modification of these properties, the performance of UCNPs can be designed for anticipated end-use applications such as photodynamic therapy (PDT), high-resolution displays, bioimaging, biosensors, and drug delivery. The application landscape of inorganic nanomaterials in biological environments can be expanded by bridging the gap between nanoparticles and biomolecules via surface modifications and appropriate functionalization. This review highlights the synthesis, surface modification, and biomedical applications of UCNPs, such as bioimaging and drug delivery, and presents the scope and future perspective on Ln-doped UCNPs in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Jethva
- SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India;
| | - Munira Momin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India;
| | - Tabassum Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM’s Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Mumbai 400 056, India
| | - Abdelwahab Omri
- The Novel Drug & Vaccine Delivery Systems Facility, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON P3E2C6, Canada
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Hernández Becerra E, Quinchia J, Castro C, Orozco J. Light-Triggered Polymersome-Based Anticancer Therapeutics Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:836. [PMID: 35269324 PMCID: PMC8912464 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes are biomimetic cell membrane-like model structures that are self-assembled stepwise from amphiphilic copolymers. These polymeric (nano)carriers have gained the scientific community's attention due to their biocompatibility, versatility, and higher stability than liposomes. Their tunable properties, such as composition, size, shape, and surface functional groups, extend encapsulation possibilities to either hydrophilic or hydrophobic cargoes (or both) and their site-specific delivery. Besides, polymersomes can disassemble in response to different stimuli, including light, for controlling the "on-demand" release of cargo that may also respond to light as photosensitizers and plasmonic nanostructures. Thus, polymersomes can be spatiotemporally stimulated by light of a wide wavelength range, whose exogenous response may activate light-stimulable moieties, enhance the drug efficacy, decrease side effects, and, thus, be broadly employed in photoinduced therapy. This review describes current light-responsive polymersomes evaluated for anticancer therapy. It includes light-activable moieties' features and polymersomes' composition and release behavior, focusing on recent advances and applications in cancer therapy, current trends, and photosensitive polymersomes' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hernández Becerra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jennifer Quinchia
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Cristina Castro
- Engineering School, Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bloque 11, Cq. 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050004, Colombia;
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
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Zhang Z, Chen Y, Zhang Y. Self-Assembly of Upconversion Nanoparticles Based Materials and Their Emerging Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2103241. [PMID: 34850560 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, significant progress of the conventional upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) based nanoplatform has been achieved in many fields, and with the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology, more and more complex situations need a UCNPs based nanoplatform having multifunctions for specific multimodal or multiplexed applications. Through self-assembly, different UCNPs or UCNPs with other materials could be combined together within an entity. It is more like an ideal UCNPs nanoplatform, a unique system with the properties defined by its individual components as well as by the morphology of the composite. Various designs can show their different desired properties depending on the application situation. This review provides a complete summary on the optimization of the synthesis method for the recently designed UCNPs assemblies and summarizes various applications, including dual-modality cell imaging, molecular delivery, detection, and programmed control therapy. The challenges and limitations the UCNPs assembly faces and the potential solutions in this field are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117456, Singapore
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Ji B, Wei M, Yang B. Recent advances in nanomedicines for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-driven cancer immunotherapy. Theranostics 2022; 12:434-458. [PMID: 34987658 PMCID: PMC8690913 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy has made tremendous clinical progress in advanced-stage malignancies. However, patients with various tumors exhibit a low response rate to immunotherapy because of a powerful immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and insufficient immunogenicity of tumors. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) can not only directly kill tumor cells, but also elicit immunogenic cell death (ICD), providing antitumor immunity. Unfortunately, limitations from the inherent nature and complex TME significantly reduce the efficiency of PDT. Recently, smart nanomedicine-based strategies could subtly modulate the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic compounds and the TME to optimize both PDT and immunotherapy, resulting in an improved antitumor effect. Here, the emerging nanomedicines for PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are reviewed, including hypoxia-reversed nanomedicines, nanosized metal-organic frameworks, and subcellular targeted nanoparticles (NPs). Moreover, we highlight the synergistic nanotherapeutics used to amplify immune responses combined with immunotherapy against tumors. Lastly, the challenges and future expectations in the field of PDT-driven cancer immunotherapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ji
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Bin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
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Lin CC, Lin HY, Thomas JL, Yu JX, Lin CY, Chang YH, Lee MH, Wang TL. Embedded Upconversion Nanoparticles in Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Photodynamic Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1923. [PMID: 34944739 PMCID: PMC8698470 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, high-temperature pyrolysis was used to prepare both the core and shell of lantha-nide-doped UCNPs with lithium yttrium tetrafluoride (LiYF4) to enhance the green luminescence. Merocyanine 540 (MC540)-grafted magnetic nanoparticles were incorporated in the PD-L1 pep-tide-imprinted poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) particles, which were formed by precipitation in a non-solvent. UCNPs in the non-solvent bath were thus entrapped in the imprinted particles to generate composite nanoparticles for the targeting and photodynamic therapy of PD-L1 in tumor cells. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles in HepG2 human liver cancer cells was evaluated with the continuous administration of MC540/MNPs@MIPs/UCNPs under irradiation by an NIR laser. To understand the delivery of the UCNP-embedded molecularly imprinted pol-ymers, the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chih Lin
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed-Forces Zuoying General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81342, Taiwan;
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-X.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - James L. Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA;
| | - Jia-Xin Yu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-X.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-X.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Yu-Hua Chang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-X.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
| | - Mei-Hwa Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Liu Wang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan; (H.-Y.L.); (J.-X.Y.); (C.-Y.L.); (Y.-H.C.)
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Xie Y, Chen Q, Wang M, Chen W, Quan Z, Li C. Highly doped NaErF4-based nanocrystals for multi-tasking application. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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46
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Zhang Z, Liu Y, Chen Y. Recent Progress in Utilizing Upconversion Nanoparticles with Switchable Emission for Programmed Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Yilin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
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Sobhani N, Samadani AA. Implications of photodynamic cancer therapy: an overview of PDT mechanisms basically and practically. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2021; 33:34. [PMID: 34778919 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-021-00093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor eradication is one of the most important challengeable categories in oncological studies. In this account, besides the molecular genetics methods including cell therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, and general cancer therapy procedures like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, photodynamic adjuvant therapy is of great importance. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a relatively noninvasive therapeutic method utilizes the irradiation of an appropriate wavelength which is absorbed by a photosensitizing agent in the presence of oxygen. In this procedure, a series of events lead to the direct death of malignant cells such as damage to the microvasculature and also the induction of a local inflammatory function. PDT has participated with other treatment modalities especially in the early stage of malignant tumors and has resulted in decreasing morbidity besides improving survival rate and quality of life. High spatial resolution of PDT has attracted considerable attention in the field of image-guided photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy of multidrug resistance cancers. Although PDT outcomes vary across the different tumor types, minimal natural tissue toxicity, minor systemic effects, significant reduction in long-term disease, lack of innate or acquired resistance mechanisms, and excellent cosmetic effects, as well as limb function, make it a valuable treatment option for combination therapies. SHORT CONCLUSION In this review article, we tried to discuss the potential of PDT in the treatment of some dermatologic and solid tumors, particularly all its important mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafiseh Sobhani
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Healthy Ageing Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran. .,Clinical Research Development Unit of Poursina Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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Younis MR, He G, Qu J, Lin J, Huang P, Xia X. Inorganic Nanomaterials with Intrinsic Singlet Oxygen Generation for Photodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102587. [PMID: 34561971 PMCID: PMC8564446 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanomaterials with intrinsic singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) generation capacity, are emerged yet dynamically developing materials as nano-photosensitizers (NPSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Compared to previously reported nanomaterials that have been used as either carriers to load organic PSs or energy donors to excite the attached organic PSs through a Foster resonance energy transfer process, these NPSs possess intrinsic 1 O2 generation capacity with extremely high 1 O2 quantum yield (e.g., 1.56, 1.3, 1.26, and 1.09) than any classical organic PS reported to date, and thus are facilitating to make a revolution in PDT. In this review, the recent advances in the development of various inorganic nanomaterials as NPSs, including metal-based (gold, silver, and tungsten), metal oxide-based (titanium dioxide, tungsten oxide, and bismuth oxyhalide), metal sulfide-based (copper and molybdenum sulfide), carbon-based (graphene, fullerene, and graphitic carbon nitride), phosphorus-based, and others (hybrids and MXenes-based NPSs) are summarized, with an emphasis on the design principle and 1 O2 generation mechanism, and the photodynamic therapeutic performance against different types of cancers. Finally, the current challenges and an outlook of future research are also discussed. This review may provide a comprehensive account capable of explaining recent progress as well as future research of this emerging paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan Younis
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringInternational Cancer CenterLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen518060China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210093P.R. China
| | - Gang He
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringInternational Cancer CenterLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen518060China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong ProvinceCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China
| | - Jing Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringInternational Cancer CenterLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen518060China
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical EngineeringInternational Cancer CenterLaboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET)School of Biomedical EngineeringShenzhen University Health Science CenterShenzhen518060China
| | - Xing‐Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life SciencesSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210093P.R. China
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49
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Chu H, Cao T, Dai G, Liu B, Duan H, Kong C, Tian N, Hou D, Sun Z. Recent advances in functionalized upconversion nanoparticles for light-activated tumor therapy. RSC Adv 2021; 11:35472-35488. [PMID: 35493151 PMCID: PMC9043211 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05638g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are a class of optical nanocrystals doped with lanthanide ions that offer great promise for applications in controllable tumor therapy. In recent years, UCNPs have become an important tool for studying the treatment of various malignant and nonmalignant cutaneous diseases. UCNPs convert near-infrared (NIR) radiation into shorter-wavelength visible and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is much better than conventional UV activated tumor therapy as strong UV-light can be damaging to healthy surrounding tissue. Moreover, UV light generally does not penetrate deeply into the skin, an issue that UCNPs can now address. However, the current studies are still in the early stage of research, with a long way to go before clinical implementation. In this paper, we systematically analysed recent advances in light-activated tumor therapy using functionalized UCNPs. We summarized the purpose and mechanism of UCNP-based photodynamic therapy (PDT), gene therapy, immunotherapy, chemo-therapy and integrated therapy. We believe the creation of functional materials based on UCNPs will offer superior performance and enable innovative applications, increasing the scope and opportunities for cancer therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Chu
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Tingming Cao
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Guangming Dai
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Bei Liu
- School of Science, Minzu University of China Beijing 100081 PR China
| | - Huijuan Duan
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Chengcheng Kong
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Na Tian
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Dailun Hou
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
| | - Zhaogang Sun
- Translational Medicine Center, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 101149 PR China
- Beijing Key Laboratory in Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Research, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute Beijing 101149 PR China
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50
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Wang X, She M, Gu W, Bu Y, Yan X. Structures, plasmon-enhanced luminescence, and applications of heterostructure phosphors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:20765-20794. [PMID: 34545869 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01860d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Heterostructure phosphor composites have been used widely in the fields of targeted bio-probes and bio-imaging, hyperthermia treatment, photocatalysis, solar cells, and fingerprint identification. The structures, plasmon-enhanced luminescence and mechanism of metal/fluorophore heterostructure composites, such as core-shell nanocrystals, multilayers, adhesion, islands, arrays, and composite optical glass, are reviewed in detail. Their extended applications were explored widely since the surface plasmon resonance effect increased the up-conversion efficiency of fluorophores significantly. We summarize their synthesis methods, size and shape control, absorption and excitation spectra, plasmon-enhanced up-conversion luminescence, and specific applications. The most important results acquired in each case are summarized, and the main challenges that need to be overcome are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfu Wang
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials, China Building Materials Academy, No. 1 Guanzhuang Dongli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Min She
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Wenqin Gu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanyan Bu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China. .,College of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaohong Yan
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Microelectronics, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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