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Tang W, Gao Y, Hong S, Wang S. GFPT1 accelerates immune escape in breast cancer by modifying PD-L1 via O-glycosylation. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:1071. [PMID: 39210323 PMCID: PMC11363670 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12811-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune escape is one of the causes of poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) is the first speed-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and is essential for the progression of BC. Nevertheless, the mechanism of the influence of GFPT1 in BC immune escape is not clear. METHODS First, the level of GFPT1 in BC was analyzed by starbase, and GFPT1 expression in BC tissues was measured by qRT-PCR, western blot and IHC. Then, the O-GlcNAc levels were detected by western blot. Thereafter, Co-IP was applied to examine the relationship between GFPT1 and PD-L1. At last, a mouse model was constructed for validation in vivo. RESULTS Firstly, we discovered that GFPT1 was obviously strengthened in BC. Knockdown or introduction of GFPT1 correspondingly degraded and elevated O-GlcNAc levels in cells. Further researches revealed that there was a reciprocal relationship between GFPT1 and PD-L1. Mechanistically, we disclosed that GFPT1 enhanced PD-L1 protein stability through O-glycosylation. More interestingly, GFPT1 accelerated BC cell immune escape via upregulation of O-glycosylation-modified PD-L1. In vivo, silencing of GFPT1 attenuated immune escape of BC cells by reducing PD-L1 levels. CONCLUSION GFPT1 promoted BC progression and immune escape via O-glycosylation-modified PD-L1. GFPT1 may be a potential target for BC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifang Tang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shikai Hong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Shengying Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 107, East Huanhu Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.
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Hao Y, Gu C, Luo W, Shen J, Xie F, Zhao Y, Song X, Han Z, He J. The role of protein post-translational modifications in prostate cancer. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17768. [PMID: 39148683 PMCID: PMC11326433 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Involving addition of chemical groups or protein units to specific residues of the target protein, post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter the charge, hydrophobicity, and conformation of a protein, which in turn influences protein function, protein-protein interaction, and protein aggregation. These alterations, which include phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, methylation, acetylation, lipidation, and lactylation, are significant biological events in the development of cancer, and play vital roles in numerous biological processes. The processes behind essential functions, the screening of clinical illness signs, and the identification of therapeutic targets all depend heavily on further research into the PTMs. This review outlines the influence of several PTM types on prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis in an effort to shed fresh light on the molecular causes and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Hao
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenqiong Gu
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenfeng Luo
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Xie
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Song
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Han
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua He
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Panyu Central Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Rehabilitation Medicine Institute of Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Chen L, Hu M, Chen L, Peng Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Li X, Yao Y, Song Q, Li J, Pei H. Targeting O-GlcNAcylation in cancer therapeutic resistance: The sugar Saga continues. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216742. [PMID: 38401884 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation), a dynamic post-translational modification (PTM), holds profound implications in controlling various cellular processes such as cell signaling, metabolism, and epigenetic regulation that influence cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. From the therapeutic perspective, O-GlcNAc modulates drug efflux, targeting and metabolism. By integrating signals from glucose, lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolic pathways, O-GlcNAc acts as a nutrient sensor and transmits signals to exerts its function on genome stability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), cell stemness, cell apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle. O-GlcNAc also attends to tumor microenvironment (TME) and the immune response. At present, several strategies aiming at targeting O-GlcNAcylation are under mostly preclinical evaluation, where the newly developed O-GlcNAcylation inhibitors markedly enhance therapeutic efficacy. Here we systematically outline the mechanisms through which O-GlcNAcylation influences therapy resistance and deliberate on the prospects and challenges associated with targeting O-GlcNAcylation in future cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
| | - Mengxue Hu
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Luojun Chen
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yihan Peng
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Cai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiangpan Li
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Qibin Song
- Cancer Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of DNA Damage Response and College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Huadong Pei
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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Mei J, Pan L, Huang M, Bao D, Gao H, Wang D. DDOST is associated with tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:69. [PMID: 38460058 PMCID: PMC10924880 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-00927-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence has revealed that DDOST plays an important role in cancer development and progression. However, there are no reports on functions of DDOST in cervical tumorigenesis. Hence, we investigated the relationship of DDOST with prognosis, mutation, promoter methylation, immune cell infiltration, and drug sensitivity using bioinformatics techniques. Our results demonstrated that DDOST was significantly upregulated in a variety of tumor types and correlated with poor prognosis, including cervical cancer. Cox regression analysis dissected that high DDOST expression was associated with poor survival in cervical cancer patients. Immune infiltration analysis defined that DDOST was negatively correlated with CD8 T cells and NK cells. Strikingly, the sensitivity to multiple drugs was negatively correlated with the expression of DDOST. Therefore, our findings uncovered that DDOST could play an essential role in the tumor microenvironment and tumor immune regulation in cervical cancer, which indicated that DDOST could be a useful biomarker for prognosis and a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Liuliu Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Min Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Dandan Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Danhan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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Chen L, Xu YX, Wang YS, Zhou JL. Lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and prostate cancer: a crucial metabolic journey. Asian J Androl 2024; 26:123-134. [PMID: 38157428 PMCID: PMC10919422 DOI: 10.4103/aja202363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignancies in males worldwide, and its development and progression involve the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways. Alterations in lipid metabolism affect the proliferation and metastatic capabilities of PCa cells. Cancer cells increase lipid synthesis and regulate fatty acid oxidation to meet their growth and energy demands. Similarly, changes occur in amino acid metabolism in PCa. Cancer cells exhibit an increased demand for specific amino acids, and they regulate amino acid transport and metabolic pathways to fulfill their proliferation and survival requirements. These changes are closely associated with disease progression and treatment response in PCa cells. Therefore, a comprehensive investigation of the metabolic characteristics of PCa is expected to offer novel insights and approaches for the early diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yuan-Shuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
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Luo Z, Eichinger KM, Zhang A, Li S. Targeting cancer metabolic pathways for improving chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Cancer Lett 2023; 575:216396. [PMID: 37739209 PMCID: PMC10591810 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent discoveries in cancer metabolism have revealed promising metabolic targets to modulate cancer progression, drug response, and anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapy, consisting of metabolic inhibitors and chemotherapeutic or immunotherapeutic agents, offers new opportunities for improved cancer therapy. However, it also presents challenges due to the complexity of cancer metabolic pathways and the metabolic interactions between tumor cells and immune cells. Many studies have been published demonstrating potential synergy between novel inhibitors of metabolism and chemo/immunotherapy, yet our understanding of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Here, we review the current strategies of altering the metabolic pathways of cancer to improve the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy. We also note the need to differentiate the effect of metabolic inhibition on cancer cells and immune cells and highlight nanotechnology as an emerging solution. Improving our understanding of the complexity of the metabolic pathways in different cell populations and the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy will aid in the discovery of novel strategies that effectively restrict cancer growth and augment the anti-cancer effects of chemo/immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyi Luo
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Anju Zhang
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Paneque A, Fortus H, Zheng J, Werlen G, Jacinto E. The Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway: Regulation and Function. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040933. [PMID: 37107691 PMCID: PMC10138107 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) produces uridine diphosphate-N-acetyl glucosamine, UDP-GlcNAc, which is a key metabolite that is used for N- or O-linked glycosylation, a co- or post-translational modification, respectively, that modulates protein activity and expression. The production of hexosamines can occur via de novo or salvage mechanisms that are catalyzed by metabolic enzymes. Nutrients including glutamine, glucose, acetyl-CoA, and UTP are utilized by the HBP. Together with availability of these nutrients, signaling molecules that respond to environmental signals, such as mTOR, AMPK, and stress-regulated transcription factors, modulate the HBP. This review discusses the regulation of GFAT, the key enzyme of the de novo HBP, as well as other metabolic enzymes that catalyze the reactions to produce UDP-GlcNAc. We also examine the contribution of the salvage mechanisms in the HBP and how dietary supplementation of the salvage metabolites glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine could reprogram metabolism and have therapeutic potential. We elaborate on how UDP-GlcNAc is utilized for N-glycosylation of membrane and secretory proteins and how the HBP is reprogrammed during nutrient fluctuations to maintain proteostasis. We also consider how O-GlcNAcylation is coupled to nutrient availability and how this modification modulates cell signaling. We summarize how deregulation of protein N-glycosylation and O-GlcNAcylation can lead to diseases including cancer, diabetes, immunodeficiencies, and congenital disorders of glycosylation. We review the current pharmacological strategies to inhibit GFAT and other enzymes involved in the HBP or glycosylation and how engineered prodrugs could have better therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of diseases related to HBP deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alysta Paneque
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Harvey Fortus
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Julia Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Guy Werlen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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