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Pasdaran A, Zare M, Hamedi A, Hamedi A. A Review of the Chemistry and Biological Activities of Natural Colorants, Dyes, and Pigments: Challenges, and Opportunities for Food, Cosmetics, and Pharmaceutical Application. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300561. [PMID: 37471105 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural pigments are important sources for the screening of bioactive lead compounds. This article reviewed the chemistry and therapeutic potentials of over 570 colored molecules from plants, fungi, bacteria, insects, algae, and marine sources. Moreover, related biological activities, advanced extraction, and identification approaches were reviewed. A variety of biological activities, including cytotoxicity against cancer cells, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, anti-microbial, antiviral, and anti-protozoal activities, have been reported for different pigments. Considering their structural backbone, they were classified as naphthoquinones, carotenoids, flavonoids, xanthones, anthocyanins, benzotropolones, alkaloids, terpenoids, isoprenoids, and non-isoprenoids. Alkaloid pigments were mostly isolated from bacteria and marine sources, while flavonoids were mostly found in plants and mushrooms. Colored quinones and xanthones were mostly extracted from plants and fungi, while colored polyketides and terpenoids are often found in marine sources and fungi. Carotenoids are mostly distributed among bacteria, followed by fungi and plants. The pigments isolated from insects have different structures, but among them, carotenoids and quinone/xanthone are the most important. Considering good manufacturing practices, the current permitted natural colorants are: Carotenoids (canthaxanthin, β-carotene, β-apo-8'-carotenal, annatto, astaxanthin) and their sources, lycopene, anthocyanins, betanin, chlorophyllins, spirulina extract, carmine and cochineal extract, henna, riboflavin, pyrogallol, logwood extract, guaiazulene, turmeric, and soy leghemoglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maryam Zare
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student research committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azar Hamedi
- School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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Production of Bioactive Compounds with Broad Spectrum Bactericidal Action, Bio-Film Inhibition and Antilarval Potential by the Secondary Metabolites of the Endophytic Fungus Cochliobolus sp. APS1 Isolated from the Indian Medicinal Herb Andrographis paniculata. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27051459. [PMID: 35268559 PMCID: PMC8912084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endophytes, being the co-evolution partners of green host plants, are factories of pharmaceutically valuable novel natural products. Cochliobolus sp. APS1, an endophyte of Andrographis paniculata (Green Chiretta), produces a plethora of natural bioactive compounds and the multipotent alkaloid Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, is the prime one among them. The isolate exhibited antibacterial, anti-biofilm, and antilarval potency. The MIC and MBC values of the ethyl-acetate culture extract ranged from 15.62 to 250 µg/mL against ten pathogenic microorganisms (including MRSA and VRSA). Killing kinetics data along with the leakage of macromolecules into the extracellular environment supports the cidal activity of the antibacterial principles. The broad spectrum antibacterial activity of Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, was optimized by a one-variable-at-a-time system coupled with response surface methodology, which led to a 45% enhancement of the antibacterial activity. The maximum response (22.81 ± 0.16 mm of zone of inhibition against MRSA) was marked in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 90 mL potato dextrose broth supplemented with (g%/L) glucose, 9.7; urea concentration, 0.74; with medium pH 6.48; after 8.76 days of incubation at 26 °C. APS1 strongly inhibited biofilm formation in the tested pathogenic microorganisms and acts as a larvicidal agent against the Dengue-vector Aedes aegypti. This is probably the first report of Aziridine, 1-(2-aminoethyl)-, from any endophytic source. Cochliobolus sp. APS1 possesses industrial importance for the production of bioactive alkaloids.
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3
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Pan YL, Shao YB, Wang J, Liu Z, Chen L, Li X. Kinetic Resolution of 2 H-Azirines by Asymmetric Allylation Reactions. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Liang Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying-Bo Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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4
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Looking Back to Amycolatopsis: History of the Antibiotic Discovery and Future Prospects. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10101254. [PMID: 34680834 PMCID: PMC8532670 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10101254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogenic bacteria in recent decades leads us to an urgent need for the development of new antibacterial agents. The species of the genus Amycolatopsis are known as producers of secondary metabolites that are used in medicine and agriculture. The complete genome sequences of the Amycolatopsis demonstrate a wide variety of biosynthetic gene clusters, which highlights the potential ability of actinomycetes of this genus to produce new antibiotics. In this review, we summarize information about antibiotics produced by Amycolatopsis species. This knowledge demonstrates the prospects for further study of this genus as an enormous source of antibiotics.
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Fujita K, Miura M, Funahashi Y, Hatanaka T, Nakamura S. Enantioselective Reaction of 2 H-Azirines with Oxazol-5-(4 H)-ones Catalyzed by Cinchona Alkaloid Sulfonamide Catalysts. Org Lett 2021; 23:2104-2108. [PMID: 33650878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The enantioselective reaction of 2H-azirines with oxazol-5-(4H)-ones (oxazolones) using a cinchona alkaloid sulfonamide catalyst has been developed. The reaction proceeded at the C-2 position of oxazolones to afford products with consecutive tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers in high yield with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The obtained aziridines were converted into various chiral compounds without loss of enantiopurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Fujita
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Miura
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hatanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shuichi Nakamura
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.,Frontier Research Institute for Material Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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6
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Mukherjee A, Ghosal NC, Zyryanov GV, Majee A, Santra S. An Updated Library on the Synthesis of Aziridines. CURRENT GREEN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/2213346106666191024123452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aziridines are highly versatile intermediates in organic synthesis due to their easy access
and their susceptibility to ring-opening by facile C-N bond cleavage. They are synthetically very important
as they are valuable precursors of amino sugars, β-lactam antibiotics and alkaloids or present
in various natural products that exhibit potent biological activities. The synthesis of this moiety from
the easily available chemicals is desirable due to its tremendous use in the various branches of chemistry.
Here, a short review has been reported on the synthesis of this scaffold employing different strategies
under different greener conditions. Various methods have been developed in the presence of
green catalysts and solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., K-2, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation
| | - Nirnita C. Ghosal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, Sir Rashbehari Shiksha Prangan, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata-700 009, India
| | - Grigory V. Zyryanov
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., K-2, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation
| | - Adinath Majee
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (A Central University), Santiniketan-731235, India
| | - Sougata Santra
- Department of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, Chemical Engineering Institute, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., K-2, Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russian Federation
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7
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Carramiñana V, Ochoa de Retana AM, de Los Santos JM, Palacios F. First synthesis of merged hybrids phosphorylated azirino[2,1-b]benzo[e][1,3]oxazine derivatives as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 185:111771. [PMID: 31671309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This work describes a straightforward diastereoselective synthetic access to azirino[2,1-b]benzo[e][1,3]oxazines containing phosphorus substituents such as phosphonate or phosphine oxide, by means of nucleophilic addition of functionalized phenols to the C-N double bond of 2H-azirine derivatives. In addition, the cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) was also screened. Some azirino[2,1-b]benzo[e][1,3]oxazines 4 and 6 exhibited very good activity against the A549 cell line in vitro. Furthermore, selectivity towards cancer cell (A549) over (HEK293), and non-malignant cells (MCR-5) has been detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Carramiñana
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ana M Ochoa de Retana
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jesús M de Los Santos
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy and Lascaray Research Center, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.
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8
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Carramiñana V, Ochoa de Retana AM, Vélez Del Burgo A, de Los Santos JM, Palacios F. Synthesis and biological evaluation of cyanoaziridine phosphine oxides and phosphonates with antiproliferative activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 163:736-746. [PMID: 30576904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This work reports an efficient diastereoselective synthetic methodology for the preparation of phosphorus substituted cyanoaziridines through the nucleophilic addition of TMSCN, as cyanide source, to the C-N double bond of 2H-azirine derivatives. The aziridine ring, in these novel cyanoaziridines, can be activated by simple N-tosylation or N-acylation. In addition, the cytotoxic effect on cell lines derived from human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) and human embryonic kidney (HEK293) was also screened. N-H and N-Substituted cyanoaziridines showed excellent activity against the A549 cell line in vitro. Moreover, selectivity towards cancer cell (A549) over (HEK293), and non-malignant cells (MCR-5) has been observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Carramiñana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia and Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados "Lucio Lascaray", University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ana M Ochoa de Retana
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia and Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados "Lucio Lascaray", University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Ander Vélez Del Burgo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia and Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados "Lucio Lascaray", University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Jesús M de Los Santos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia and Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados "Lucio Lascaray", University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.
| | - Francisco Palacios
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Farmacia and Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Avanzados "Lucio Lascaray", University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006, Vitoria, Spain.
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9
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Zhang Y, Tian H, Luo Z, Liu X, Zhao Y, Chen W, Zhang H. Asymmetric synthesis of 2-chloroaziridines via a diastereoselective nucleophilic dichloromethylation and N-alkylation in one pot. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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10
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Peng Q, Guo D, Bie J, Wang J. Catalytic Enantioselective Aza-Benzoin Reactions of Aldehydes with 2H-Azirines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3767-3771. [PMID: 29436753 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented enantioselective aza-benzoin reaction of aldehydes with 2H-azirines was developed by utilizing a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene as the catalyst. A wide range of corresponding aziridines can be obtained in good yields with high enantioselectivities. The obtained optically active aziridines should be useful in the synthesis of other valuable molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiupeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jianbo Bie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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11
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Peng Q, Guo D, Bie J, Wang J. Catalytic Enantioselective Aza-Benzoin Reactions of Aldehydes with 2H
-Azirines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiupeng Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Donghui Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jianbo Bie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorous Chemistry & Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education); Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 China
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12
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Wang B, Ji SQ, Ma XQ, Lu M, Wang LS, Li FL. Substitution of one calcium-binding amino acid strengthens substrate binding in a thermophilic alginate lyase. FEBS Lett 2018; 592:369-379. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology; Key Laboratory of Biofuels; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing China
| | - Shi-Qi Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology; Key Laboratory of Biofuels; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
| | - Xiao-Qing Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology; Key Laboratory of Biofuels; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
| | - Ming Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology; Key Laboratory of Biofuels; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
| | - Lu-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology; Shandong University; Jinan China
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology; Key Laboratory of Biofuels; Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
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13
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Nakamura S, Hayama D, Miura M, Hatanaka T, Funahashi Y. Catalytic Enantioselective Reaction of 2H-Azirines with Thiols Using Cinchona Alkaloid Sulfonamide Catalysts. Org Lett 2018; 20:856-859. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b04022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Nakamura
- Department
of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Frontier
Research Institute for Material Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayama
- Department
of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masataka Miura
- Department
of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Hatanaka
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Funahashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University 1-1
Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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14
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Tian D, Peng H, Liu Z, Tang W. Optically active N-alkyl aziridines via stereospecific reductive cyclization of α-mesylated acetamides. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00774h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An efficient method for the synthesis of optically active N-alkyl aziridines has been realized for the first time by stereospecific reductive cyclization of optically active α-mesylated acetamides. A series of optically active N-alkyl aziridines are prepared in moderate to good yields and excellent ees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanshuai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Henian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Ziyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
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15
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Synthesis and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Aziridine Derivatives of Urea and Thiourea. Molecules 2017; 23:molecules23010045. [PMID: 29295572 PMCID: PMC5943925 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, we report the synthesis and evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activities of aziridine-thiourea derivatives. A series of aziridines in reaction with isocyanates and isothiocyanates to obtain urea and thiourea derivatives were used. The structures of all new products were confirmed based on spectroscopic data (¹H-NMR, 13C-NMR, HR-MS). These compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against a panel of Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains of bacteria. Six of the tested compounds appeared to be promising agents against reference strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Subsequently, compounds exhibiting promising antibacterial activity were tested against twelve clinical isolates of S. aureus from three different sources of infection. The most bactericidal compounds (MIC = 16-32 µg/mL) showed better antibacterial activity against MRSA than ampicillin and streptomycin. The in vitro cytotoxicity analysis on L929 murine fibroblast and HeLa human tumor cell line using the MTT assay allowed us to select the least toxic compounds for future investigation.
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16
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Nakamura S, Hayama D. Enantioselective Reaction of 2H-Azirines with Phosphite Using Chiral Bis(imidazoline)/Zinc(II) Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8785-8789. [PMID: 28557241 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201704133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The first highly enantioselective nucleophilic addition reaction of phosphites with 2H-azirines has been developed. The reaction was applied to various 3-substituted 2H-azirines using novel chiral bis(imidazoline)/ZnII catalysts to afford products in good yield with high enantioselectivity. The transformation of the obtained optically active aziridines showed that 2H-azirines act as either α,β- or β,β-dicarbocationic amine synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Nakamura
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan.,Frontier Research Institute for Material Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayama
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
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17
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Nakamura S, Hayama D. Enantioselective Reaction of 2H
-Azirines with Phosphite Using Chiral Bis(imidazoline)/Zinc(II) Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201704133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Nakamura
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Gokiso, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
- Frontier Research Institute for Material Science; Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku; Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Daiki Hayama
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Nagoya Institute of Technology; Gokiso, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
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18
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Chung TS, Xue Y, Carranza A, Garcia-Garibay MA. Stereospecific photochemistry of Δ2-1,2,3-triazolines in solution and in the solid state: scope and mechanistic studies. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2017; 16:1458-1463. [DOI: 10.1039/c7pp00187h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A simple two-step process for the synthesis of aziridines relies on the crystallization and stereospecific solid state photoreaction of triazolines obtained by dipolar cycloaddition between azides and activated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim S. Chung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Yang Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
| | - Alberto Carranza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of California
- Los Angeles
- USA
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19
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Chung TS, Lopez SA, Houk KN, Garcia-Garibay MA. Stereospecific Synthesis of Substituted Aziridines by a Crystal-to-Crystal Photodenitrogenation of Δ2-1,2,3-Triazolines. Org Lett 2015; 17:4568-71. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tim S. Chung
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Steven A. Lopez
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Miguel A. Garcia-Garibay
- Department of Chemistry
and
Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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20
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Choi E, Nam SJ, Paul L, Beatty D, Kauffman C, Jensen P, Fenical W. Previously Uncultured Marine Bacteria Linked to Novel Alkaloid Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 22:1270-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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21
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22
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High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence of Actinobacterium Kibdelosporangium sp. MJ126-NF4, Producer of Type II Polyketide Azicemicins, Using Illumina and PacBio Technologies. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2015; 3:3/2/e00114-15. [PMID: 25838474 PMCID: PMC4384478 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00114-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the high-quality draft genome sequence of actinobacterium Kibdelosporangium sp. MJ126-NF4, producer of the type II polyketide azicemicins, obtained using Illumina and PacBio sequencing technologies. The 11.75-Mbp genome contains >11,000 genes and 22 polyketide and nonribosomal peptide natural product gene clusters.
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23
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Zardi P, Pozzoli A, Ferretti F, Manca G, Mealli C, Gallo E. A mechanistic investigation of the ruthenium porphyrin catalysed aziridination of olefins by aryl azides. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:10479-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00951k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A combination of DFT and kinetic studies suggests a mechanism for olefin aziridination by organic azides catalysed by ruthenium porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Zardi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - A. Pozzoli
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Reattività Chimica e Catalisi (CIRCC)
| | - F. Ferretti
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
| | - G. Manca
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici
- ICCOM-CNR
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - C. Mealli
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti OrganoMetallici
- ICCOM-CNR
- I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - E. Gallo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Milan
- I-20133 Milan
- Italy
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam M. Hussein
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Assiut University , Assiut , Egypt
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Khairou
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences , Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah , Saudi Arabia
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25
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Degennaro L, Trinchera P, Luisi R. Recent advances in the stereoselective synthesis of aziridines. Chem Rev 2014; 114:7881-929. [PMID: 24823261 DOI: 10.1021/cr400553c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 326] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Degennaro
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "A. Moro" , Via Edoardo Orabona 4, Bari 70125, Italy
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26
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Kattamuri PV, Xiong Y, Pan Y, Li G. N,N-DIIsopropyl-N-phosphonyl imines lead to efficient asymmetric synthesis of aziridine-2-carboxylic esters. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:3400-8. [PMID: 23563304 PMCID: PMC3653188 DOI: 10.1039/c3ob40251g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly diastereoselective asymmetric synthesis of chiral aziridine-2-carboxylic esters is reported for 20 examples with good yields (51-87%) and excellent diastereoselectivities (>99:1 dr for most cases). The modified N-phosphonyl imines have proven to be superior to previous imine auxiliaries for the aza Darzens reaction by using a secondary isopropyl group to replace the primary benzyl group for N,N-diamino protection. In the meanwhile, a special operation by slowly adding the pre-cooled imine solution at -78 °C into the preformed β-bromo lithium enolate mixture at this temperature in the presence of 4 Å molecular sieves was found to be crucial in terms of yields and diastereoselectivity. The present method can provide an easy and general access to β-hydroxy α-amino acids and other important amino building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmanabha V. Kattamuri
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
| | - Yiwen Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yi Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
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27
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Vila-Gisbert S, Urbano A, Carreño MC. Model studies towards the challenging angularly-oxygenated core of several angucyclinones from an oxidative dearomatization strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:3561-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41221k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Lebel H, Parmentier M, Leogane O, Ross K, Spitz C. Copper bis(oxazolines) as catalysts for stereoselective aziridination of styrenes with N-tosyloxycarbamates. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Thibodeaux CJ, Chang WC, Liu HW. Enzymatic chemistry of cyclopropane, epoxide, and aziridine biosynthesis. Chem Rev 2012; 112:1681-709. [PMID: 22017381 PMCID: PMC3288687 DOI: 10.1021/cr200073d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei-chen Chang
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Hung-wen Liu
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
- College of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712
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30
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Dasari VRRK, Muthyala MKK, Nikku MY, Donthireddy SRR. Novel Pyridinium compound from marine actinomycete, Amycolatopsis alba var. nov. DVR D4 showing antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities in vitro. Microbiol Res 2012; 167:346-51. [PMID: 22293027 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Marine sediment samples from Visakhapatnam coast of Bay of Bengal, India, were investigated as a source of actinomycetes to screen for the production of antibiotics and cytotoxic compounds. Actinomycete strain DVR D4 with interesting bioactivity profile was isolated during our systematic study of marine actinomycetes. Based on biochemical properties and 16S rDNA analysis the isolate DVR D4 was identified as a strain of Amycolatopsis alba. A solvent extraction followed by a chromatographic purification helped to isolate a cytotoxic compound, which was identified as 1(10-aminodecyl) Pyridinium salt antibiotic, on the basis of spectral data. The compound showed potent cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines of cervix (HeLa), breast (MCF-7) and brain (U87MG) in vitro and also exhibited antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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31
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Ogasawara Y, Liu HW. Biosynthetic studies of aziridine formation in azicemicins. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 131:18066-8. [PMID: 19928906 DOI: 10.1021/ja907307h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The azicemicins, which are angucycline-type antibiotics produced by the actinomycete, Kibdelosporangium sp. MJ126-NF4, contain an aziridine ring attached to the polyketide core. Feeding experiments using [1-(13)C]acetate or [1,2-(13)C(2)]acetate indicated that the angucycline skeleton is biosynthesized by a type II polyketide synthase. Isotope-tracer experiments using deuterium-labeled amino acids revealed that aspartic acid is the precursor of the aziridine moiety. Subsequent cloning and sequencing efforts led to the identification of the azicemicin (azic) gene cluster spanning approximately 50 kbp. The cluster harbors genes typical for type II polyketide synthesis. Also contained in the cluster are genes for two adenylyl transferases, a decarboxylase, an additional acyl carrier protein (ACP), and several oxygenases. On the basis of the assigned functions of these genes, a possible pathway for aziridine ring formation in the azecimicins can now be proposed. To obtain support for the proposed biosynthetic pathway, two genes encoding adenylyltransferases were overexpressed and the resulting proteins were purified. Enzyme assays showed that one of the adenylyltransferases specifically recognizes aspartic acid, providing strong evidence, in addition to the feeding experiments, that aspartate is the precursor of the aziridine moiety. The results reported herein set the stage for future biochemical studies of aziridine biosynthesis and assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasushi Ogasawara
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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32
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Andrez JC. Mitomycins syntheses: a recent update. Beilstein J Org Chem 2009; 5:33. [PMID: 19777135 PMCID: PMC2748694 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.5.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitomycins are a class of very potent antibacterial and anti-cancer compounds having a broad activity against a range of tumours. They have been used in clinics since the 1960's, and the challenges represented by their total synthesis have challenged generations of chemists. Despite these chemical and medicinal features, these compounds, in racemic form, have succumbed to total synthesis only four times over the last 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Andrez
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z1, Canada.
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33
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Ismail FMD, Levitsky DO, Dembitsky VM. Aziridine alkaloids as potential therapeutic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:3373-87. [PMID: 19540628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2008] [Revised: 05/13/2009] [Accepted: 05/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present review describes research on natural aziridine alkaloids isolated from both terrestrial and marine species, as well as their lipophilic semi-synthetic, and/or synthetic analogs. Over 130 biologically active aziridine-containing compounds demonstrate confirmed pharmacological activity including antitumor, antimicrobial, antibacterial effects. The structures, origin, and biological activities of aziridine alkaloids are reviewed. Consequently this review emphasizes the role of aziridine alkaloids as an important source of drug prototypes and leads for drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fyaz M D Ismail
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Group, Department of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Liverpool John Moores University, 221C Phase 1, Byrom Street, Liverpool, Merseyside L3 3AF, UK
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Wiese J, Thiel V, Nagel K, Staufenberger T, Imhoff JF. Diversity of antibiotic-active bacteria associated with the brown alga Laminaria saccharina from the Baltic Sea. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2009; 11:287-300. [PMID: 18855068 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-008-9143-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2008] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria associated with the marine macroalga Laminaria saccharina, collected from the Kiel Fjord (Baltic Sea, Germany), were isolated and tested for antimicrobial activity. From a total of 210 isolates, 103 strains inhibited the growth of at least one microorganism from the test panel including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as a yeast. Most common profiles were the inhibition of Bacillus subtilis only (30%), B. subtilis and Staphylococcus lentus (25%), and B. subtilis, S. lentus, and Candida albicans (11%). In summary, the antibiotic-active isolates covered 15 different activity patterns suggesting various modes of action. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities >99%, 45 phylotypes were defined, which were classified into 21 genera belonging to Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that four isolates possibly represent novel species or even genera. In conclusion, L. saccharina represents a promising source for the isolation of new bacterial taxa and antimicrobially active bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Wiese
- Leibniz-Institut für Meereswissenschaften IFM-GEOMAR, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105, Kiel, Germany
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35
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Malhotra S, Lal R. The genus Amycolatopsis: Indigenous plasmids, cloning vectors and gene transfer systems. Indian J Microbiol 2007; 47:3-14. [PMID: 23100633 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-007-0003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 01/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Amycolatopsis is a member of the phylogenetic group nocardioform actinomycetes. Most of the members of the genus Amycolatopsis are known to produce antibiotics. Additionally, members of this genus have been reported to metabolize aromatic compounds as the sole sources of carbon and energy. Development of genetic manipulation in Amycolatopsis has progressed slowly due to paucity of genetic tools and methods. The occurrence of indigenous plasmids in different species of Amycolatopsis is not very common. Till date, only three indigenous plasmids viz., pMEA100, pMEA300 and pA387 have been reported in Amycolatopsis species. Various vectors based on the indigenous plasmids, pMEA100, pMEA300 and pA387, have been constructed. These vectors have proved useful for molecular genetics studies of actinomycetes. Molecular genetic work with Amycolatopsis strains is not easy, since transformation methods have to be developed, or at least optimized, for each particular strain. Nonetheless, methods for efficient transformation (polyethyleneglycol (PEG) induced protoplast transformation, transformation by electroporation and direct transformation) have been developed and used successfully for the introduction of DNA into several Amycolatopsis species. The construction of plasmid cloning vectors and the development of gene transfer systems has opened up possibilities for studying the molecular genetics of these bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Malhotra
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007 India
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36
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Gibson KJC, Gilleron M, Constant P, Puzo G, Nigou J, Besra GS. Identification of a novel mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan from Amycolatopsis sulphurea. Biochem J 2003; 372:821-9. [PMID: 12620092 PMCID: PMC1223432 DOI: 10.1042/bj20030197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2003] [Revised: 03/04/2003] [Accepted: 03/06/2003] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The genus Amycolatopsis is a member of the phylogenetic group nocardioform actinomycetes, which also includes the genus Mycobacterium. Members of this group have a characteristic cell envelope structure, dominated by various complex lipids and polysaccharides. Amongst these, lipoglycans are of particular interest since mycobacterial lipoarabinomannans are important immunomodulatory molecules. In this study we report the isolation and structural characterization of Amycolatopsis sulphurea lipoarabinomannan, designated AsuLAM. SDS/PAGE analysis revealed that AsuLAM was of an intermediate size between Mycobacterium tuberculosis lipoarabinomannan and lipomannan, confirmed by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry that predicted an average molecular mass of 10 kDa. Using a range of chemical degradations, NMR experiments and capillary electrophoresis analysis, AsuLAM was revealed as an original structure. The mannosyl-phosphatidyl- myo -inositol anchor exhibits a single acyl-form, characterized by a diacylated glycerol moiety, and contains, as one of the main fatty acids, 14-methyl-pentadecanoate, a characteristic fatty acid of the Amycolatopsis genus. AsuLAM also contains a short mannan domain; and is dominated by a multi-branched arabinan domain, composed of an (alpha1-->5)-Ara f (arabinofuranose) chain substituted, predominately at the O -2 position, by a single beta-Ara f. The arabinan domain is further elaborated by manno-oligosaccharide caps, with around one per molecule. This is the first description of manno-oligosaccharide caps found in a non-mycobacterial LAM. AsuLAM was unable to induce the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha when tested with human or murine macrophage cell lines, reinforcing the paradigm that mannose-capped LAM are poor inducers of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J C Gibson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
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37
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McVeigh HP, Munro J, Embley TM. Molecular evidence for the presence of novel actinomycete lineages in a temperate forest soil. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 1996. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01574693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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