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Peña-Díaz J, Woodward SE, Creus-Cuadros A, Serapio-Palacios A, Ortiz-Jiménez S, Deng W, Finlay BB. Quorum sensing modulates bacterial virulence and colonization dynamics of the gastrointestinal pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2267189. [PMID: 37842938 PMCID: PMC10580866 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2267189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum Sensing (QS) is a form of cell-to-cell communication that enables bacteria to modify behavior according to their population density. While QS has been proposed as a potential intervention against pathogen infection, QS-mediated communication within the mammalian digestive tract remains understudied. Using an LC-MS/MS approach, we discovered that Citrobacter rodentium, a natural murine pathogen used to model human infection by pathogenic Escherichia coli, utilizes the CroIR system to produce three QS-molecules. We then profiled their accumulation both in vitro and across different gastrointestinal sites over the course of infection. Importantly, we found that in the absence of QS capabilities the virulence of C. rodentium is enhanced. This highlights the role of QS as an effective mechanism to regulate virulence according to the pathogen's spatio-temporal context to optimize colonization and transmission success. These results also demonstrate that inhibiting QS may not always be an effective strategy for the control of virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Peña-Díaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sarah E. Woodward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anna Creus-Cuadros
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Antonio Serapio-Palacios
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephanie Ortiz-Jiménez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Wanyin Deng
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - B. Brett Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Crucello A, Furtado MM, Chaves MDR, Sant'Ana AS. Transcriptome sequencing reveals genes and adaptation pathways in Salmonella Typhimurium inoculated in four low water activity foods. Food Microbiol 2019; 82:426-435. [PMID: 31027802 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serotypes have been reported as the agent of various outbreaks occurred after the consumption of low water activity (aw) foods. When the pathogen encounters harsh conditions, several regulatory networks are activated through dynamic differential gene expression that lead to cell survival for prolonged periods. In this work, the transcriptome of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium using RNA-Seq, after cells' inoculation in four distinct types of low aw foods (milk chocolate, powdered milk, black pepper, and dried pet food), following storage at 25 °C per 24 and 72 h was studied. The findings of this study suggest that gene regulation is influenced by the food composition mainly in the first 24 h post-inoculum, proceeded by the induction of similar genes shared among all samples. It was possible to evaluate the differences on each type of food matrix regarding the bacteria adaptation, as well as the similarities provoked by low aw. The results reveal genes that may play key roles in response to desiccation in Salmonella, as well as the pathways in which they are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Crucello
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marianna M Furtado
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Monyca D R Chaves
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Fong K, Wang S. Heat resistance of Salmonella enterica is increased by pre-adaptation to peanut oil or sub-lethal heat exposure. Food Microbiol 2016; 58:139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2016.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ryan D, Pati NB, Ojha UK, Padhi C, Ray S, Jaiswal S, Singh GP, Mannala GK, Schultze T, Chakraborty T, Suar M. Global transcriptome and mutagenic analyses of the acid tolerance response of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Appl Environ Microbiol 2015; 81:8054-65. [PMID: 26386064 PMCID: PMC4651094 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02172-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is one of the leading causative agents of food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis. Swift invasion through the intestinal tract and successful establishment in systemic organs are associated with the adaptability of S. Typhimurium to different stress environments. Low-pH stress serves as one of the first lines of defense in mammalian hosts, which S. Typhimurium must efficiently overcome to establish an infection. Therefore, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptability of S. Typhimurium to acid stress is highly relevant. In this study, we have performed a transcriptome analysis of S. Typhimurium under the acid tolerance response (ATR) and found a large number of genes (∼47%) to be differentially expressed (more than 1.5-fold or less than -1.5-fold; P < 0.01). Functional annotation revealed differentially expressed genes to be associated with regulation, metabolism, transport and binding, pathogenesis, and motility. Additionally, our knockout analysis of a subset of differentially regulated genes facilitated the identification of proteins that contribute to S. Typhimurium ATR and virulence. Mutants lacking genes encoding the K(+) binding and transport protein KdpA, hypothetical protein YciG, the flagellar hook cap protein FlgD, and the nitrate reductase subunit NarZ were significantly deficient in their ATRs and displayed varied in vitro virulence characteristics. This study offers greater insight into the transcriptome changes of S. Typhimurium under the ATR and provides a framework for further research on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ryan
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Niladri Bhusan Pati
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Urmesh K Ojha
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Shilpa Ray
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sangeeta Jaiswal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gajinder P Singh
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gopala K Mannala
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tilman Schultze
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, German Centre of Infection Research, Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mrutyunjay Suar
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
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Zhen H, Krumins V, Fennell DE, Mainelis G. Development of a dual-internal-reference technique to improve accuracy when determining bacterial 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio with application to Escherichia coli liquid and aerosol samples. J Microbiol Methods 2015; 117:113-21. [PMID: 26241659 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Accurate enumeration of rRNA content in microbial cells, e.g. by using the 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio, is critical to properly understand its relationship to microbial activities. However, few studies have considered possible methodological artifacts that may contribute to the variability of rRNA analysis results. In this study, a technique utilizing genomic DNA and 16S rRNA from an exogenous species (Pseudomonas fluorescens) as dual internal references was developed to improve accuracy when determining the 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio of a target organism, Escherichia coli. This technique was able to adequately control the variability in sample processing and analysis procedures due to nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) losses, inefficient reverse transcription of RNA, and inefficient PCR amplification. The measured 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio of E. coli increased by 2-3 fold when E. coli 16S rRNA gene and 16S rRNA quantities were normalized to the sample-specific fractional recoveries of reference (P. fluorescens) 16S rRNA gene and 16S rRNA, respectively. In addition, the intra-sample variation of this ratio, represented by coefficients of variation from replicate samples, decreased significantly after normalization. This technique was applied to investigate the temporal variation of 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio of E. coli during its non-steady-state growth in a complex liquid medium, and to E. coli aerosols when exposed to particle-free air after their collection on a filter. The 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio of E. coli increased significantly during its early exponential phase of growth; when E. coli aerosols were exposed to extended filtration stress after sample collection, the ratio also increased. In contrast, no significant temporal trend in E. coli 16S rRNA:16S rRNA gene ratio was observed when the determined ratios were not normalized based on the recoveries of dual references. The developed technique could be widely applied in studies of relationship between cellular rRNA abundance and bacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huajun Zhen
- Rutgers University, Department of Environmental Sciences, 14 College Farm Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Valdis Krumins
- Rutgers University, Department of Environmental Sciences, 14 College Farm Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Donna E Fennell
- Rutgers University, Department of Environmental Sciences, 14 College Farm Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
| | - Gediminas Mainelis
- Rutgers University, Department of Environmental Sciences, 14 College Farm Rd., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States.
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Mahadwar G, Chauhan KR, Bhagavathy GV, Murphy C, Smith AD, Bhagwat AA. Swarm motility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is inhibited by compounds from fruit peel extracts. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 60:334-40. [PMID: 25422036 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Controlling spread of human pathogens on fresh produce is a top priority for public health reasons. Isolation of compounds from agricultural waste that would control spread of human pathogens was explored using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a model organism. In the environment, micro-organisms migrate as a 'community' especially when they move on moist surfaces. This type of motility is characterized as swarming motility. We examined extracts from agricultural waste such as soya bean husk, peels of orange, pineapple, avocado and pomegranate for antiswarming activity. Avocado and pineapple peels showed moderate (~40%) inhibition of swarming motility while pomegranate peel extract had high antiswarming activity (~85% inhibition) and was examined in further detail. Although the pomegranate peel extract was acidic, swarm-inhibitory activity was not due to low pH and the peel extract did not inhibit growth of Salmonella. Among the key swarm motility regulatory genes, class II (fliF, fliA, fliT and fliZ) and class III (fliC and fliM) regulators were downregulated upon exposure to pomegranate peel extract. Pomegranate peels offer great potential as a bioactive repellent for pathogenic micro-organisms on moist surfaces. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Controlling the spread of food-borne pathogens in moist environments is an important microbial food safety issue. Isolation of compounds from agricultural waste (such as fruit peels) that would control spread of human pathogens was explored using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium as a model organism. Pomegranate peels offer great potential as a bioactive repellent for pathogenic micro-organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mahadwar
- Environmental Microbial & Food Safety Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA
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Dharne MS, Kannan P, Murphy C, Smith AD, Bhagwat AA. Swarm and swim motilities of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and role of osmoregulated periplasmic glucans. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.7243/2052-6180-3-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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